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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Electric Utility - Community Partnerships Reduce Damage from Trees
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "In 1995, thirty-two communities in Massachusetts and Rhode Island formed Tree Stewardship partnerships with Eastern Utilities to reduce tree damage from storms. A risk assessment was conducted to determine the characteristics of trees that pose an above average threat to arterial power lines and roadways. In addition, analysis was conducted to evaluate system performance of the electric utility infrastructure." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Elevated Buildings Stay Dry in Skagit County
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "If Mike and Velda Thrams' home in Hamilton, Washington, was not elevated, they would not have moved into it last June. And if it had not been elevated by its previous owner following the 1995 flood, it would be as flooded and unlivable as the house next door. Because on the following October, the Puget Sound area suffered the worst single-day rainfall the state had seen in more than 100 years." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Excelsior Springs Acquisition
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "The charming, late Victorian-era Town is renowned for its remarkable varieties of mineral waters. The Town is located in the northeast portion of Missouri along the Fishing River, about 30 miles northeast of Kansas City. Floods and flash floods have devastated Excelsior Springs many times. In 1993 severe flash floods devastated the town causing extensive damage. Residents were evacuated. Streets were closed. Homes were destroyed. Cars, furniture, appliances all were swept away. Every public building was flooded. With financial support from FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) and the Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Community Development Block Grants program, Excelsior Springs has taken measures to mitigate against future costly floods." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Escambia County Critical Facilities
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Three separate projects in Escambia County were funded as a result of Hurricane Erin: 1) The fire stations visited by the Building Performance Assessment Team (BPAT) had installed storm shutters over the glass window openings; 2) The City Police Headquarters had installed accordion shutters over 141 glass window openings and twin aluminum roll-ups over the front entry. Window shutters were installed with bolts every 6 inches; and 3) the Escambia County EMS Administration Building was an elevated building and had installed storm shutters over the glass window openings. In 1998, none of the fire stations sustained any damage from Hurricane Georges." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Evansville Acquisition
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "The village is a small community in southwestern Illinois along the Kaskaskia River, about 10 miles from its confluence with the Mississippi River. In the Great Flood of 1993, the village experienced record flooding as the Mississippi River floodwaters backed up the Kaskaskia River. Homes and businesses were inundated with more than ten feet of water, causing severe damage to over 20 structures. The Village of Evansville utilized the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) to acquire the substantially damaged structures." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Elevation of New Hotel Under Construction Protects Investment
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "The merciless winds and rains of Hurricane Isabel created a 28 feet tidal surge up Chesapeake Bay, flooding many communities along the Eastern Shore of Maryland. [...] Mayor Donavan attributes success to following FEMA's 'directive' to construct the hotel four feet off the ground." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Fenway Community Development Corporation
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "During repairs to the building, the Fenway Community Development Corporation worked with FEMA Region I and Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency to develop a flood mitigation project. This project included the following building retrofits: (1) The elevator sump depth was increased and equipped with a larger pump and debris screen; and (2) A check valve was installed on the main waste line to prevent sewage backup." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: East Bay Municipal Utility District: Seismic Improvement Program
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "The East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) provides water service to 1.2 million people along the east side of San Francisco Bay. Three major, active faults create a high seismic risk to EBMUD's water supply facilities. The Hayward Fault, which bisects the service area, poses the greatest threat of a major earthquake within 30 years and is one of the most active faults in the State of California. Following the Loma Prieta Earthquake in 1989, EBMUD performed an in-depth evaluation of the seismic vulnerability of its water treatment plants, reservoirs, buildings, pipelines, tunnels, pumping plants and communication facilities. Using state-of-the-art computer models, damage estimates were made and post earthquake system performance was studied." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Delta Dental Plan of California: El Nino Exercise
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "On November 20, 1997, Delta Dental Plan of California and Deltanet, Delta's data processing and consulting subsidiary, conducted a business continuity exercise for its Sacramento facilities. The exercise was done in partnership with Region IX of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The objective of the exercise, entitled the 'El Nino" Exercise, was to test Delta's business and Information Technology (IT) contingency plans in anticipation of unusually stormy weather and potential severe flooding at the business locations." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Education Program for Flood Control System
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "LA [Los Angeles] County and the LA County Office of Education embarked on a public education program through the school system directed to grade levels 4 -- 12 and requiring parent participation. Their goal is to educate young children and the general public about the extreme danger and substantial threat to life that the flood channel system presents. The greatest potential to educate the highest number of people is the school system, potentially reaching 5 million people." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Destroyed Historic House by River Gets New Life
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "When the Rapidan River in northern Virginia crested 30.5 feet above flood stage in June of 1995, devastating the Furloughs' historic 145-year-old house, they knew what they would do: rebuild on their home site by the river, elevate it, and get flood insurance." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: East Grand Forks Accelerated Acquisition Program
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "The City of East Grand Forks is located in northwestern Minnesota along the Red River of the North. As a result of heavy snowfall during the winter and quick snowmelt in the spring, the Red River valley experienced a record flood in April of 1997. The City of East Grand Forks was flooded almost in its entirety, with only 1 percent of the buildings being spared any damage. The northern location of the town, in northwestern Minnesota, allows only a short building season. Therefore, an accelerated acquisition program was needed to enable flood survivors an opportunity to rebuild before the next winter." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Deaconess Hospital Earthquake-Resistant Supply Well
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Evansville is considered earthquake country. The Deaconess Hospital in Evansville has implemented an earthquake mitigation program for the facility, which opened in 1892. The program included installing an emergency fresh water well, water treatment facilities, and necessary piping." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Eau Claire Acquitition
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. "From the document: Historically flooding from the Chippewa River took its toll on residents of the Forest Street neighborhood in the City of Eau Claire, Wisconsin. Starting in 1993, the city began to turn the tide on damages created by repetitive flooding when it implemented an acquisition program supported by FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Grant Program." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Urbana Wind Mitigation
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Mitigation doesn't always take the form of actual construction projects or acquisitions. Federal and State funding mechanisms like the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) can sometimes be used in creative ways to meet local needs. Private citizens and the business community are the players that make the mitigation happen. But what may be needed to jumpstart local interest is a combination of educational tools that provide technical information and marketing efforts to spread the word." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Ottawa Acquisition Project
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Located 80 miles southwest of Chicago along the Illinois and Fox Rivers, the biannual flooding of one particular floodplain area of Ottawa typically lasts three days with outside water depths anywhere from 1 to 6 feet. Although many of the occurrences may have been considered 'nuisance' flooding, people living in this 'flats' neighborhood had faced evacuation of their homes every few years. With losses ranging from personal property damage in basements to severe structural damage of homes and businesses, property owners with flood insurance were happy they had coverage. Flood insurance helped them maintain financial solvency." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Washington
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Flooding in the summer of 1993 uprooted thousands of people and destroyed or damaged their property. People and animals were caught in raging waters, leading to many deaths. The high water damaged millions of acres of agricultural land, devastated towns and businesses, cut off water supplies, and knocked out roads, bridges and railways. Since then, the State of Missouri has taken steps to remove people from harms way. The State has currently acquired nearly 5,000 homes through voluntary buyouts administered by the State and FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP)." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Peoria and Peoria County Acquisition
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Acquisition and relocation of frequently flood damaged buildings have been taking place in the City of Peoria and unincorporated Peoria County for nearly 15 years. Beginning with FEMA's Section 1362 flood prone property acquisition program in 1982 and continuing through today's Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP), the City, County, and Park District have acquired, relocated, and demolished dozens of structures and restored an open floodplain along a 25 mile reach of the Illinois River." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Scranton, Nay Aug Avenue Acquisition
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "In January 1996, Nay Aug Avenue experienced its second major flood in 11 years. The 13 homes along the avenue were built prior to 1940 with no footers for the foundation to rest on. Additionally, the foundation walls were of stone and crumbling mortar. Through the years of flooding, the banks of the Lackawanna River washed away to the point that the houses are sitting in the floodway. The project consisted of the acquisition and demolition of the 13 properties. Various city agencies assisted in the implementation of the project." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Moorhead Acquisition
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Located in northwestern Minnesota, the City of Moorhead lies along the Red River of the North and experiences repetitive flooding. [...] The 1993 acquisition saved thousands of flood insurance claim dollars and taxpayer's disaster assistance funding in 1997." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Vassar Planning Grant
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Located in east central Michigan, the City of Vassar is 40 miles northeast of Flint. The City of Vassar is a small community that experiences repetitive flooding from the Cass River. For years, this strong-minded community had shrugged its shoulders at the flood situation. However, after repetitive flooding, the City realized that mitigation was the best solution to maintain the City's population and create a flood-resistant community." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: City of Keyser Curb and Ditch Project
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "The undersized and aged drain system was unable to process the runoff from heavy rains and flooded homes, property, and streets in the area. This project consists of replacing the drop inlet and storm drain that empty directly into New Creek. Completion of this phase will eliminate the frequent system backups and the flooding to houses in the adjacent area." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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Biometric Standards Requirements for US-VISIT
"Since its inception, the United States Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology (US-VISIT) Program has provided biometric screening for Department of Homeland Security (DHS) components and has partnered with other Federal agencies in the use of biometric data for national security initiatives. The Automated Biometric Identification System (IDENT), US-VISIT's biometric database, contains fingerprint records for over 108 million subjects. IDENT is currently interoperable with the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS). To facilitate the data sharing that is at the core of what US-VISIT does, this document provides the technical standards US-VISIT uses--or will use in the near future--to implement the actual collection, storage, and transmission of biometric and associated biographic data. Use of these standards will make US-VISIT data sharing more accurate, repeatable, and reliable, which will in turn provide homeland security decisionmakers [sic] with critical identity verification data in a timely manner."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. US-VISIT Program Office
2010-03-15
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EMS Workforce for the 21st Century: A National Assessment
"Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics are a critical component of any community's Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system. Assuring the continued viability of the prehospital EMS workforce is a key concern for many local, State, Federal, and tribal EMS agencies, as well as national EMS organizations. As a first step in systematically addressing the issue, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in partnership with the Health Resources and Services Administration's (HRSA) Emergency Medical Services for Children program, supported a research project led by the Center for the Health Professions and School of Nursing at the University of California San Francisco with assistance from the Center for Health Workforce Studies at the University of Washington. The intent of this research is to provide guidance to the national EMS community in ensuring a viable EMS workforce for the future. The major objective of this research has been to address issues relevant to the process of workforce planning. Research questions address the following: 1. Will the EMS workforce be of adequate size and composition to meet the needs of the U.S. population in the future? 2. How can potential workers be attracted to and encouraged to stay in the field of EMS? 3. How can adequate EMS workforce resources be available across all populations and geographic areas? 4. Do we have the data and information needed to address the future demand for and supply of EMTs and paramedics in the United States? What information is lacking and how might it be obtained?"
United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
2008-06
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Technical Study of the Sofa Super Store Fire - South Carolina, June 18, 2007, Volume 1
"A fire occurred on the evening of June 18, 2007, in the Sofa Super Store in Charleston, SC. NIST [National Institute of Standards and Technology] analyzed the fire ground, consulted with other experts, and performed computer simulations of fire growth alternatives. Based on these analyses, the following sequence of events is likely to have occurred. A fire began in packing material and discarded furniture outside an enclosed loading dock area. The fire spread to the loading dock, then into both the retail showroom and warehouse spaces. During the early stages of the fire in the two latter locations, the fire spread was slowed by the limited supply of fresh air. This under-ventilation led to generation of a large mass of pyrolyzed and only partially oxidized effluent. The smoke and combustible gases flowed into the interstitial space below the roof and above the suspended ceiling of the main retail showroom. As this space filled with unburned fuel, the hot smoke also seeped through the suspended ceiling into the main showroom and formed a hot smoke layer below the suspended ceiling. Up to this time, the extent of fire spread into the interstitial space was not visible to fire fighters in the store. If the fire spread had been visible to the fire fighters in the store, it would have provided a direct indication of a fire hazard in the showroom. Meanwhile, the fire at the back of the main showroom and the gas mixture below the suspended ceiling were both still fuel rich. When the front windows were broken out or vented, the inflow of additional air allowed the heat release rate of the fire to intensify rapidly and added air to the layer of unburned fuel below the suspended ceiling enabling the ignition of the unburned fuel/air mixture. The fire swept from the rear to the front of the main showroom extremely quickly, and then into the west and east showrooms. Nine fire fighters were killed in the Sofa Super Store fire. Based on NIST's simulation of events, this report includes eleven recommendations to help mitigate such future losses."
National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Bryner, Nelson P.; Fuss, Stephen P.; Klein, Bryan W.
2011-03
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Community Outreach Program Educates Islanders About Volcanic Hazards
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "The Center for the Study of Active Volcanoes (CSAV) is located on the Big Island (Hawaii) and operates under the auspices of the University of Hawaii (UH), Hilo. The professional staff includes UH faculty and United States Geological Survey scientists assigned to the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. CSAV is a training and outreach program established by the Hawaii State Legislature in 1989. The mission of the center is to provide training and information on volcanic and natural hazards that occur in Hawaii and worldwide." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Clark County Regional Flood Control District Projects Prove Successful
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "On July 8, 1999, the City of Las Vegas experienced the worst flash flood in its history. The average annual rainfall for the area is four inches and this event produced two to two and a half times the normal amount in one six hour period. The storm was very intense and widespread with water flows in some areas exceeding the 100 year flood level (a one percent chance that the levels identified on the Flood Insurance Rate Maps will be equaled or exceeded in any given year). There was one death as a result of the storm. Within the city of Las Vegas, the storm damaged 360 structures. Of these businesses and homes, 85% were owner occupied and 80% were low income. Among those most heavily impacted was a large mobile home park." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Contra Costa Food Bank Seismic Relocation
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "On Oct. 17, 1989, an earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter Scale rocked the San Francisco Bay area. Named the Loma Prieta earthquake, it was felt by millions of people in a 400,000-square-mile area. Sixty-three persons died because of the earthquake. Another 13,757 persons were injured. The earthquake destroyed 1,018 homes and 366 businesses. Another 23,408 residences and 3,530 businesses were damaged. Shelters accommodated thousands of people who needed food, lodging and other necessities, but responding agencies and local resources were quickly overwhelmed. The Contra Costa Food Bank, a Bay Area organization that provides food and personal care items and also serves as a clearinghouse for donations made to help victims of disasters, was called upon to assist in the massive response to the widespread emergency. The food bank provided a valuable service to the victims of this devastating earthquake." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Critical Facility Seismic Mitigation
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Many States and communities over the years have decided that it is in their best interest to begin mitigating the natural hazard risks posed to critical facilities, such as hospitals. A prominent example of such mitigation can be found in the case of the Los Angeles Olive View Medical Center, in California. The 850-bed Los Angeles Olive View Medical Center, which cost approximately $23.5 million to build, was dedicated in November 1970. The Center was built according to the 1965 Los Angeles Building Code, which did not contain many of the seismic protection provisions found in the 1973 building code. [...] New seismic provisions proved worthwhile when the Northridge Earthquake struck the Los Angeles area in 1994." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Critical Waterline Seismic Retrofit Success for Island Homes
This document is part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Best Practices Portfolio. The Best Practices Portfolio is a collection of true stories about people and communities who have experienced disasters, and what mitigation they used to survive, rebuild, and prepare for disasters. From the document: "Holmes Island lies within the waters of beautiful Long Lake in western Washington State. Less than 30 homes are on the island, with only one road and bridge for access and one pipeline for its water source. That waterline follows along Holmes Island Road and across the bridge. In the summer of 1995, a project was undertaken by the City of Lacey, Public Works Department. Approximately 200 feet of pipeline were replaced on each side of the bridge and across totaling 450 foot. Flexible joints were designed to rotate, extend, retract and twist. Connections were high density 8- inch sleeved polyethylene water main pipes that were run through 10 inch steel pipes for extra protection. The total cost for this project, funded through the Water Utility Funds for Capital Improvement, was $162,000. In the event of an earthquake, these pipes move along with the bridge and avoid rupturing, which would cause loss of water to the island and thousands of dollars in repair." This and other individual FEMA Best Practices documents are also combined in "Mitigation Best Practices: Public and Private Sector Best Practice Stories for All Activity/Project Types in All States and Territories Relating to All Hazards [August 10, 2011]," which can be accessed at the following link: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=683132]
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-01-01
