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Analysis of Firearm Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US
From the Introduction: "In the US, more than 500 000 deaths were directly attributable to COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] in the first year of the pandemic. The pandemic and the concomitant public health response profoundly affected nearly every aspect of people's lives. The impacts on health and well-being of work and school closures and other social distancing measures are only starting to be quantified, and emerging evidence suggests that pandemic restrictions may have had substantial detrimental effects on population mental health. Worsening economic conditions, psychological strain, and trauma associated with the pandemic, combined with an increase in firearm sales, could potentially increase the risk of firearm violence in association with the pandemic, thus exacerbating another major public health crisis in the US. [...] [W]e sought to quantify the change in firearm violence associated with the COVID-19 pandemic by examining nearly 300 000 firearm-related incidents occurring between January 1, 2016, and February 28, 2021, across all 50 US states and the District of Columbia."
JAMA Network
Sun, Shengzhi; Cao, Wangnan; Ge, Yang . . .
2022-04-28
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Iran Entangled: Iran and Hezbollah's Support to Proxies Operating in Syria
From the Executive Summary: "Syria is a cornerstone of Iran's national security doctrine. While Iran's alliance with Syria is longstanding, in the past decade Iran has entangled with Syrian economics, politics, and security through a variety of hard and soft power techniques. To Iran, Syria is also a crucial regional ally. Syria has geopolitical utility for Iran's regional strategy and is an avenue through which Iran can exert considerable influence. The two countries have an alliance dating back to the early 1980s during the regime of Hafez al-Assad. In Syria, Iran can both exert influence in the security sphere through more tactical means while also fan a religious and social support base in Syrian society. Iran achieves these goals through raising and supporting non-state militant groups in Syria."
Combating Terrorism Center (U.S.)
Jahanbani, Nakissa; Levy, Suzanne Weedon
2022-04
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 1567, Global Food Security Act of 2015
"House of Representatives 1567 (H.R. 1567) would require the President to develop and implement a strategy to improve global food security. In carrying out that strategy, the Administration would provide assistance to developing countries to reduce chronic hunger and poverty, support economic growth by expanding agricultural output, and improve nutrition, especially among women and children. The strategy would be similar to the Administration's ongoing global food security initiative called Feed the Future. The bill also would require the Administration to submit a detailed progress report to the Congress. H.R. 1567 would authorize appropriations of slightly more than $1 billion in 2016 for programs at the Department of State and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) to implement the strategy. The Department of State and USAID together plan to use roughly $1 billion of their 2015 appropriation for similar purposes. Based on the historical spending patterns of similar assistance programs, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that implementing the bill would cost $905 million over the 2016-2020 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. (Most of the remainder would be spent in subsequent years.) Based on information from USAID, the (CBO) estimates that other federal entities involved in implementing the strategy would not require additional appropriations for that purpose."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2015-04-27
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 720, Gerardo Hernandez Airport Security Act of 2015
"H.R. 720 would direct the Assistant Secretary of Homeland Security, acting through the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), to undertake a variety of activities aimed at enhancing security at airports where TSA performs or oversees security-related activities. The bill would require TSA to verify that all such airports have plans in place for responding to security threats and to provide technical assistance as necessary to improve such plans. H.R. 720 also would require TSA to disseminate information on best practices for addressing security threats, ensure that all screening personnel have received training in how to handle potential shooting threats, and conduct outreach to assess the preparedness of passenger transportation agencies and providers with high-risk facilities. Finally, H.R. 720 would require the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS's) Office of Cybersecurity and Communications to report to the Congress on the capacity of law enforcement, fire, and medical response teams to communicate with each other and respond to security threats at airports."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2015-03-04
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Taiwan, the PRC, and the Taiwan Security Enhancement Act: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session, September 15, 1999
On September 15, 1999, the House of Representatives Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on International Relations convenes to discuss and hear testimony regarding Taiwan, the PRC, and the Taiwan Security Enhancement Act. Testifying are Senator Craig Tomas from Wyoming and of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Dr. Susan Shirk of the US Department of State, Kurt Campbell of the US Department of Defense, Former Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger of Forbes Magazine, Former Director of Central Intelligence James Woolsey of Shea & Gardner, and Dr. David Lampton of Johns Hopkins University. Chairman Doug Bereuter explains that "the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific meets today to examine its security requirements of Taiwan in the face of increased tension with the People's Republic of China", although he reserves time for discussion of East Timor. Senator Thomas testifies to the US's "triangular relationship with Taiwan and the PRC", saying that "despite...challenges...the United States...has managed to strike a balance between the two competing interests, a balance reflected in the three U.S.-PRC joint communiques and in the Taiwan Relations Act." Susan Shirk speaks to "what the Administration has done in response to the increase in cross-strait tension since July as guided by the Taiwan Relations Act" and asks "will this proposed legislation, clearly intended to enhance the security of Taiwan, actually do that or will it have the opposite effect?" Other testimony goes into depth regarding US policy between Taiwan and the PRC and new goals for the administration. East Timor is also discussed.
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-09-15
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Serial No. 106-64: To Receive an Update on Selected Regional Issues to Include: Colombia and U.S. Policy; Legislative Elections in Haiti and U.S. Troop Withdrawal; Status of Counter-Drug Forward Operating Locations; U.S. Cuba Counter-Narcotics Cooperation Proposal; Chinese Influence in the Panama Canal; Political Events in Venezuela; and Status of U.S. Property Claims in Nicaragua: Hearing before the Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session, September 29, 1999
On September 29, 1999, the House of Representatives Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere of the Committee on International Relations convenes to receive an update on selected regional issues including: Colombia and U.S. Policy; Legislative Elections in Haiti and U.S. Troop Withdrawal; Status of Counter-Drug Forward Operating Locations; U.S. Cuba Counter-Narcotics Cooperation Proposal; Chinese Influence in the Panama Canal; Political Events in Venezuela; and Status of U.S. Property Claims in Nicaragua. Testifying is Ambassador Peter Romero, the Acting Assistant Secretary of State, Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs at the US Department of State. Subcommittee Chairman Elton Gallegly questions the level of importance of Latin American issues hold for American policy. He hopes that "the Administration will signal a renewed interest in the region beyond drugs and disasters, and that we will continue to recognize the importance of our neighbors and partners to the south." Ranking Member Ackerman adds the elections of Argentina, Chile, and Mexico to the list of subject for discussion and testimony. He states "While I don't think there will be movement backwards toward authoritarian regimes, there has been a noticeable slowing of economic reforms as the political support for free market capitalism wanes." Peter Romero testifies to the "signing of a multilateral evaluation mechanism that has been agreed upon by every single member state of the OAS", the "excellent cooperation" with the Mexican government on drug enforcement, and a variety of events, programs, and strategies regarding other Latin American countries, including Colombia, Cuba, Panama (with respect to China and the Panama Canal), Nicaragua, Venezuela, and Haiti.
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-09-29
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H. Rept. 106-117, Part 5: Encryption for the National Interest Act, Report to Accompany H.R. 850, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, July 23, 1999
From the Purpose: "The House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence sought referral of H.R. 850, the 'Security and Freedom through Encryption (SAFE) Act,' as reported by the House Committee on the Judiciary, because the bill impacts directly upon matters relating to the intelligence and intelligence-related activities and national security capabilities of the Intelligence Community. Specifically, the bill will have a profound effect on the intelligence, counter-intelligence, and counter-terrorism responsibilities of the Department of Defense, the National Security Agency, the Department of Justice, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, to name but a few of those Intelligence Community agencies within this Committee's jurisdiction."
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-07-23
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CBO Study: Evaluating Military Compensation
"To attract and retain the military personnel it needs, the Department of Defense (DoD) must offer a competitive compensation package--one that adequately rewards service members for the rigors of military life. After reenlistment rates declined in the late 1990s, lawmakers and DoD began increasing cash and non-cash elements of military compensation. In 2000, for example, they authorized that basic pay for service members would rise 0.5 percentage points faster than wages in the civilian sector through 2006. Housing allowances and other compensation were also increased. As a result, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates, regular military compensation adjusted for inflation--basic pay, allowances for food and housing, and the tax advantage that arises because those allowances are not subject to federal income tax--grew by 21 percent for the active-duty enlisted force as a whole between 2000 and 2006. This study looks at compensation for the 83 percent of active-duty U.S. service members who are enlisted personnel. It considers various ways to measure military compensation and examines common methods of-- and problems with--comparing that compensation with pay and benefits in the civilian sector. The analysis also explores the connection between the components of military compensation and the military's recruiting and retention of personnel. Finally, the study discusses possible options to make the military compensation system visible to service members and decision makers and more efficient."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
Murray, Carla Tighe
2007-06
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CBO Testimony: The Effects of Reserve Call-Ups on Civilian Employers: Statement of Heidi Golding Before the Commission on the National Guard and Reserves, May 17, 2007
From the statement of Heidi Golding before the Commission on the National Guard and Reserves: "Mr. Chairman and members of the Commission, thank you for inviting me here to discuss issues regarding the effects that call-ups of reservists have on civilian employers. My testimony, which draws from and updates a study that the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) published in May 2005, focuses on three topics: the characteristics of the firms that employ reservists; the combined effects of reservists' activations and federal job protections on civilian employers, including self-employed reservists; and options for mitigating the effects of reservists' activations."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2007-05-17
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 237, FTO Passport Revocation Act of 2015
"H.R. 237 [FTO (foreign terrorist organization) Passport Revocation Act of 2015] would authorize the Department of State to deny a passport to a U.S. citizen if it found that person had helped a foreign terrorist organization, or to revoke their passport if one had already been issued. The department would be required to report to the Congress each time it uses that authority. The department has used broader authorities under current law to deny or revoke passports in such cases; the bill would provide overlapping specific authority. Citizens who have been denied a passport or had one revoked are entitled to an administrative hearing and the department bears the costs associated with such hearings. Those individuals may also choose to pursue legal action. Based on information from the department, the CBO [Congressional Budget Office] expects that under the bill the number of passports being denied or revoked would not increase significantly. On that basis, the CBO estimates that implementing the bill would cost less than $500,000 over the 2016-2020 period, assuming the availability of appropriated amounts. In certain cases, citizens who have had a passport revoked may be issued a new, short-term passport to repatriate that person to the United States. In those instances, the citizen would still be required to pay the fees for a new passport. Some passport fees are deposited as revenues while others are retained by the department and spent."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2015-05-05
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 1603, Border Jobs for Veterans Act of 2015
"S. 1603 would require the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), with assistance from the Department of Defense (DoD), to establish a program to recruit members of the armed forces who are leaving the military to serve as Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers. The program would include placing DHS officials at certain recruiting events and conducting outreach efforts to educate certain members of the armed forces about available jobs with CBP. The bill also would require DHS and DoD to report annually to the Congress about the progress of the program. Based on the cost of similar activities, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing S. 1603 would cost less than $500,000 annually; any spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds. CBP is currently carrying out activities similar to those required by the bill, and the agency employs a significant number of veterans of the armed forces. Enacting the legislation would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2015-07-21
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 3737, Social Media Use in Clearance Investigations Act of 2017
"H.R. 3737 would require the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to report to the Congress within six months on how social media activity is examined during security clearance investigations and related matters. Based on the cost of similar activities, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing the bill would cost less than $500,000; such spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds. Enacting H.R. 3737 would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. CBO estimates that enacting H.R. 3737 would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2028. H.R. 3737 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2017-09-22
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S. Hrg. 106-260: Corruption in Russia: Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session, September 23 and September 30, 1999
The subject of this hearing is corruption in Russian and recent revelations about the diversion of billions of U.S. taxpayers' dollars into the pockets of corrupt Russian officials. The hearing discusses how the administration managed or mismanaged the United States' relationship with the Russian government, and specifically what happened to the $5.2 billion in grants and $12.8 billion in loans that were entrusted to the U.S. Government by the American taxpayers to support our Russian policies. Statements, witnesses and submissions for the record include those of: Joseph Biden, Fritz Ermarth, Robert Levgold, Wayne Merry, Jim Moody, Strobe Talbott, James Finckenauer, Thomas Graham, Peter Reddaway, Gordon Smith, Jesse Helms, Chuck Hage, John Kerry, and Paul Wellstone.
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-09
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Audit of the Army's Integrated Visual Augmentation System [redacted]
From the Document: "(U) The objective of this audit was to determine whether Army officials effectively managed the Integrated Visual Augmentation System (IVAS) program to meet user needs. [...] (U) We recommend that the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology) develop Army-wide policy requiring program officials to define suitable user acceptance measurements for testing and evaluation. (U) We recommend that the Program Executive Officer Soldier define clear measures of user acceptance levels to meet user needs before Soldier Touch Point-5 testing of IVAS."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
2022-04-20
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Immigration and Naturalization Services Interior Enforcement Strategy: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Immigration and Claims of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, July 1, 1999
"Today's hearing focuses on the new 'Interior Enforcement Strategy' of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the INS. The Appropriations Committee, out of frustration, mandated that the INS develop a new strategy because increased funding for the INS had produced no visible results. What is the new strategy? It is a bright flashing sign that says to potential illegal aliens: 'come to the United States. Once you make it past the Border Patrol, you are home free.' The INS claims it will focus on criminals, alien smugglers, fraudulent document sellers, and employers who hire illegal aliens. But the smuggled aliens, the aliens who benefit from the fraud, and the illegal alien workers will suffer no consequences because of their own illegal actions. In effect, the INS has drafted a manual titled, 'How to Stay in the U.S. Illegally.' By all means, let's target criminal aliens and smugglers. However, if the smuggled alien is allowed to remain in the U.S., he or she will report back home to family and friends: 'come on in, the INS doesn't care.' this strategy provides no deterrent to illegal immigration. In fact, it does the opposite and encourages illegal immigration. This strategy raises many questions."
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-07-01
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Nuclear Regulatory Commission Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Health and Environment of the Committee on Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session, July 21, 1999
On July 21, 1999, House of Representatives Subcommittee on Health and Environment of the Committee on Commerce convenes to discuss and hear testimony on the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000. Testifying are David Adelman of the Natural Resources Defense Council, Ralph Beedle of the Nuclear Energy Institute, Greta Joy Dicus of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Timothy Fields of the EPA, Edward McGaffigan of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and Jeffrey Merrifield of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Chairman Barton submits "questions about changing the foreign ownership of power reactors, the fee structure, and how these reforms are going to improve the efficiency and operation of the Commission in carrying out its licensing and regulatory functions on behalf of the United States nuclear industry." Congressman Burr is "concerned about the NRC walking away from its responsibilities to regulate the disposal of low activity, radioactive waste produced to support our atomic weapons program." Greta Joy Dicus discusses the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's role and leadership in this field, describes the challenges that the Commission faces, and outlines the approaches the Commission is taking in response to the challenges. She, along with her accompanying commissioners, answer questions regarding economy, safety, and legal issues regarding the NRC. Timothy Fields of the EPA discusses opposition to CERCLA and outlines the EPA's involvement in this issue.
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-06-21
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Serial No. 106-16: Identity Theft: Is There Another You?: Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Telecommunications, Trade, and Consumer Protection and the Subcommittee on Finance and Hazardous Materials of the Committee on Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session, April 22, 1999
On April 22, 1999, the House of Representatives Subcommittee on Telecommunications, Trade, and Consumer Protection and Subcommittee on Finance and Hazardous Materials of the Committee on Commerce convene to discuss Identity Theft. Testifying are Charles Albright of Household International, Inc., Robert Anderson, Joan Bernstein of the FTC, and Barry Connelly of the Associated Credit Bureaus, Inc. Chairman Tauzin explains that "Today's hearing is on identity theft--how it occurs, whether the anti-fraud laws are being enforced properly, and what can we do to help innocent people clean up their credit records after they have been victimized by an identity theft criminal." He asks "For example, what responsibility should be shared by the companies which granted the improper credit, especially to notify the appropriate organizations of potential fraud and suspend any payment claims? What responsibility should credit bureaus have to verify identity theft and to help clean up a credit report, notify all of the creditors?" Mr. Oxley notes that "Today we will learn how a finance company that is a credit card issuer tackles the thorny issue of identity theft. After all, the card issuer generally absorbs the lion's share of the bad charges run up by an identity thief."
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-05-22
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H. Rept. 106-117, Part 2: Security and Freedom Through Encryption (SAFE) Act, Report to Accompany H.R. 850, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, July 2, 1999
From the Purpose and Summary: "H.R. 850, the Security And Freedom through Encryption (SAFE) Act, modernizes the encryption policy of the United States. It also addresses law enforcement and national security needs as strong encryption products become more widely used. In summary, H.R. 850, as amended by the Committee on Commerce, clarifies U.S. policy regarding the domestic use of encryption products, including prohibiting the Federal government or State governments from requiring key recovery or a similar technique in most circumstances and adding criminal penalties for the use of encryption products in the cover-up of felonious activity."
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-07-02
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H. Rept. 106-117, Part 3: Security and Freedom Through Encryption (SAFE) Act, Report Together with Dissenting Views, to Accompany H.R. 850, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, July 19, 1999
From the Background and Purpose: "H.R. 850, the Security And Freedom through Encryption (SAFE) Act, represents a strong bipartisan effort to bring U.S. laws on the export of encryption technology in line with international realities. The SAFE Act enjoys strong support in the House as reflected by the overwhelming number of cosponsors, including the majority of the Members of the International Relations Committee. While differences still remain and the debate continues between U.S. economic and commercial priorities and individual civil liberties, on the one hand, and the needs and concerns of law enforcement and national security agencies, the SAFE Act is generating the political will to reform the existing regulatory process to meet today's realities."
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-07-19
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H. Rept. 106-117, Part 4: Protection of National Security and Public Safety Act, Report Together with Additional and Supplemental Views, to Accompany H.R. 850, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, July 23, 1999
From the Purpose and Background: "H.R. 850 is similar to a bill (H.R. 695) with the same name and chief sponsor introduced in the 105th Congress. It would decontrol the export of encryption software products, and computers that contain encryption software, considered to be 'generally available.'"
United States. Government Printing Office
1999-07-23
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Serial No. 108-52: Cybersecurity and Consumer Data: What's at Risk for the Consumer? Hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eighth Congress, First Session, November 19, 2003
On November 15, 2001, nearly 2 years ago to the day, the subcommittee held a hearing entitled, "Cybersecurity: Private Sector Efforts Addressing Cyber Threats." The focal point of that hearing, as it is with this hearing, was cybersecurity as it related to consumer data used in stream of commerce. "We are fortunate that three of our witnesses, Ms. Davidson, Mr. Schmidt, and Mr. Morrow, all of whom testified at the hearing 2 years ago, have joined us today to reflect on what has transpired with regard to cybersecurity in the last 2 years." The question addressed in this hearing is: What are the real risks and costs to consumers from cybersecurity breaches, and what poses the most risk to cybersecurity? Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Joseph G. Ansanelli, Daniel Burton, Scott Charney, Mary Ann Davidson, David B. Morrow, Howard A. Schmidt, Orson Swindle, and Roger Thompson.
United States. Government Printing Office
2004
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Federal Efforts to Mitigate Vulnerabilities in the Food Supply Chain, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology, of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session, July 24, 2007
From the opening statement of James R. Langevin: "The subcommittee is meeting today to take testimony on Federal Efforts to Mitigate Vulnerabilities in the Food Supply Chain. Good morning. I would like to thank our witnesses for being here today. This hearing was originally scheduled, as you know, for last Thursday, but we had to postpone the hearing due to the House- Senate Conference Committee on the 9/11 bill. So I appreciate the witnesses' flexibility and patience, and I sincerely thank you all for coming back here today on what I know is a very important subject. Recent months have brought increased attention to vulnerabilities in the United States' food supply chain. Today's hearing will present us with both the public and private sector perspectives on how best to secure our food distribution networks. In the last year, we have witnessed food-borne illness outbreaks associated with spinach lettuce, and peanut butter, among others. This spring, incidents including the melamine contamination of vegetable proteins used in pet foods, the diethylene glycol contamination of toothpaste and drug residues in fish demonstrate how intentional food adulteration can pose a far greater challenge than unintentional contamination. Now, many of these incidents were traced back to problems associated with the Chinese food supply." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: James R. Langevin, Michael T. McCaul, Bennie G. Thompson, Donna M. Christensen, Bob Etheridge, Marcy Kaptur, David Acheson, Dan Baldwin, Carol Maczka, Tom McGinn, Craig Henry, Shaun Kennedy, Allen Mathys and Lee M. Myers.
United States. Government Printing Office
2009
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Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board: 29th Annual Report to Congress, April 2019
From the Executive Summary: "Under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (Board) is charged with providing independent safety oversight of the Department of Energy's (DOE) defense nuclear facilities complex--a complex with the mission to design, manufacture, test, maintain, and decommission nuclear weapons, as well as other national security priorities. The Act mandates that the Board reviews the content and implementation of DOE standards, facility and system designs, and events and practices at DOE defense nuclear facilities to provide independent analysis, advice, and recommendations to inform the Secretary of Energy regarding issues of adequate protection of public health and safety at DOE defense nuclear facilities. The Board prioritizes its safety oversight activities on the basis of risk to the public and workers, types and quantities of nuclear and hazardous material at hand, and hazards of the operations involved. This Annual Report summarizes the Board's significant safety oversight initiatives and some high-priority safety issues at defense nuclear facilities subject to the Board's oversight during 2018. The Board discussed several of these issues in its June 4, 2018, and July 23, 2018, initial letters to the Assistant Secretary of Energy for Environmental Management (EM) and to the Administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) following their confirmations."
United States. Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board
2019-04
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Reducing Threats to Our Nation's Agriculture: Authorizing a National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session, May 23, 2007
From the opening statement of James Langevin: Today, the subcommittee will receive testimony regarding the National Bio-and Agro-Defense Facility, known as NBAF. We are all well aware that biological threats, both man-made and naturally occurring, present a real danger to the security of the United States. In previous hearings, we have heard from experts on how best to protect against a variety of biological threats and how to strengthen programs like BioShield, to effectively procure countermeasures. Today, we will focus our attention on protecting against zoonotic diseases, which affect both animals and humans, and can be devastating to our agricultural sector." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: James R. Langevin, Michael T. McCaul, Bennie G. Thompson, Bob Etheridge, Edward Knipling, Kevin Shea, and John Vitko.
United States. Government Printing Office
2009
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Evaluation of the DoD's Actions to Develop Interoperable Systems and Tools for Forecasting Logistics Demand Across the Joint Logistics Enterprise [redacted]
From the Document: "The objective of this evaluation was to determine the extent to which the DoD took actions to develop interoperable systems and tools to forecast logistics demand for campaign planning across the Joint Logistics Enterprise (JLEnt). [...] According to Joint Publication 4-0, 'Joint Logistics,' logistics involves the 'planning and executing the movement and support of forces,' and joint logistics involves the use of two or more combatant commands or Military Departments' logistics resources to support the joint force. The DoD's JLEnt consists of logistics directorates across DoD Components and is structured to achieve a unity of effort without jeopardizing individual mission and goals. JLEnt logisticians use a variety of automated systems and tools, including information systems, decision support tools, and communications capabilities to perform functions such as forecasting logistic demands required to execute specific missions. For the purposes of our report, we defined 'forecasting demand for campaign planning' as a process to identify overall sustainment support that the joint force needs to accomplish its mission in the future"
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
2022-04-28
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 2318, Federal Facility Accountability Act of 2013
From the Summary: "H.R. 2318 would amend the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as it relates to federal facilities. Under the bill, federal agencies would be required to comply with state requirements when conducting response actions under CERCLA at federal facilities or facilities formerly owned by the federal government. H.R. 2318 also would explicitly waive the federal government's sovereign immunity from administrative orders, injunctive relief, and civil and administrative penalties issued by states under CERCLA. In addition, the bill would permit states to charge federal agencies for costs associated with permitting, document review, inspections, and other activities related to a state's response actions at hazardous sites. Finally, H.R. 2318 would authorize the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to review actions taken by other federal agencies under CERCLA. CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that enacting this legislation could increase the pace of discretionary spending to the extent that federal agencies accelerate spending related to cleanup activities or pay additional fines and penalties imposed by states. However, CBO expects that aggregate, long-term costs to fulfill federal responsibilities under CERCLA would be little changed under the legislation."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2013-07-10
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 3820, Natural Hazards Risk Reduction Act of 2009
From the Summary: "H.R. 3820 would reauthorize federal programs aimed at developing methods to reduce damages caused by earthquakes and windstorms. The bill also would reauthorize several committees that advise federal agencies on implementing those programs. Assuming appropriation of the authorized and necessary amounts, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing the legislation would cost $747 million over the 2010-2014 period and $125 million after 2014. Enacting H.R. 3820 would not affect direct spending or revenues. H.R. 3820 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) and would impose no costs on state, local, or local governments."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2009-11-10
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 1252, Global Food Security Act of 2016 [June 10, 2016]
From the Summary: "S. 1252 would require the President to develop and implement a comprehensive strategy to promote global food security and agricultural development. It would authorize the appropriation of almost $3.8 billion each for 2017 and 2018 for programs to implement that strategy and to provide assistance following international disasters. Assuming appropriation of those specified amounts, CBO estimates that implementing S. 1252 would cost $7.3 billion over the 2017-2021 period (most of the remainder would be spent after 2021). Pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply to S. 1252 because enacting it would not affect direct spending or revenues. CBO estimates that enacting the legislation would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2027. S. 1252 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) and would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2016-06-10
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate H.R. 3247, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita Recovery Facilitation Act of 2007
"H.R. 3247 would authorize the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to provide additional forms of assistance to certain areas affected by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Funding for such assistance would come from the $43.5 billion already appropriated to FEMA's Disaster Relief Fund (DRF) for the hurricanes. Because CBO [Congressional Budget Office] does not expect that the proposed changes in this legislation would have a significant effect on the pace or amount of federal expenditures from the DRF, we estimate that enacting H.R. 3247 would have no significant effect on direct spending. Enacting the bill would not affect revenues. H.R. 3247 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2007-09-24
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 1252, Global Food Security Act of 2016
From the Summary: "S. 1252 would require the President to develop and implement a comprehensive strategy to promote global food security and agricultural development. It would authorize the appropriation of almost $3.8 billion each for 2017 and 2018 for programs to implement that strategy and to provide assistance following international disasters. Assuming appropriation of those specified amounts, CBO estimates that implementing S. 1252 would cost $7.3 billion over the 2017-2021 period (most of the remainder would be spent after 2021)."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2016-03-24
