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Readout of the President's Call to President Aquino of the Philippines, November 12, 2013

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This is the readout (summary) of President Barack Obama's (U.S.) conversation with President Aquino of the Philippines. President Obama expressed his deep condolences on behalf of the American people and discussed the need for a quick assessment of what further American resources would be most helpful in recovering from the disaster of the Super Typhoon Haiyan/Yolanda.

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

Obama, Barack

2013-11-12
Press Briefing by Press Secretary Robert Gibbs and FEMA Administrator Craig Fugate [May 11, 2010]

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In this May 11, 2010 press briefing, Press Secretary Robert Gibbs and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Administrator Craig Fugate make statements on and answer questions regarding flooding and storms in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Oklahoma; and the federal government and British Petroleum response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf Coast.

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2010-05-11
Press Briefing by Press Secretary Robert Gibbs [May 17, 2010]

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In this May 17, 2010 press briefing, Press Secretary Robert Gibbs takes questions on the British Petroleum (BP) oil spill, among other topics. The briefing included questions regarding safety violations by BP, reforms at the Mineral Management Service, how much oil has been spilled, and BP's likelihood of reimbursing the cost of cleanup.

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2010-05-17
Press Briefing on BP Oil Spill Response Legislation by Melody Barnes, Carol Browner, and Jeff Liebman [May 12, 2010]

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In this May 12, 2010 press briefing, Melody Barnes, Assistant to the President and Director of the White House Domestic Policy Council; Carol Browner, Assistant to the President for Energy and Climate Change; and Jeff Liebman, Acting Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget, discuss "legislation that's going to Congress that's targeted at strengthening the response to the BP oil spill and recovery efforts already underway in the Gulf."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2010-05-12
President Obama Signs New York Major Disaster Declaration [March 4, 2009]

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From the Document: "The President today [March 4, 2009] declared a major disaster exists in the State of New York and ordered Federal aid to supplement State and local recovery efforts in the area struck by a severe winter storm during the period of December 11-31, 2008. Federal funding is available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis for emergency work and the repair or replacement of facilities damaged by the severe winter storm in the counties of Albany, Columbia, Delaware, Greene, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, and Washington. Federal funding is also available on a cost-sharing basis for hazard mitigation measures statewide. Marianne C. Jackson has been named as the Federal Coordinating Officer for Federal recovery operations in the affected area. FEMA said additional designations may be made at a later date if requested by the State and warranted by the results of further damage assessments."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2009-03-04
Statement on Federal Disaster Assistance for Missouri [November 13, 2008]

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From the Document: "The President today [November 13, 2008] declared a major disaster exists in the State of Missouri and ordered Federal aid to supplement State and local recovery efforts in the area struck by severe storms, flooding, and a tornado during the period of September 11-24, 2008. The President's action makes Federal funding available to affected individuals in Boone, Callaway, Chariton, Lewis, Lincoln, Linn, Marion, Osage, Schuyler, St. Charles, St. Louis, Stone, Taney, Texas, and Webster Counties and the Independent City of St. Louis. Assistance can include grants for temporary housing and home repairs, low-cost loans to cover uninsured property losses, and other programs to help individuals and business owners recover from the effects of the disaster. Federal funding also is available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis for emergency work and the repair or replacement of facilities damaged by the severe storms, flooding, and a tornado in Adair, Audrain, Barry, Bollinger, Butler, Callaway, Cape Girardeau, Carter, Chariton, Christian, Clark, Crawford, Dent, Douglas, Dunklin, Howard, Howell, Knox, Lewis, Lincoln, Linn, Madison, Maries, Marion, Miller, New Madrid, Oregon, Ozark, Perry, Ralls, Ray, Reynolds, Ripley, Schuyler, Scotland, Scott, Shannon, Shelby, St. Genevieve, Stoddard, Stone, Sullivan, Taney, Texas, Wayne, Webster, and Wright Counties. Federal funding is also available on a cost-sharing basis for hazard mitigation measures statewide. R. David Paulison, Administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Department of Homeland Security, named Michael L. Karl as the Federal Coordinating Officer for Federal recovery operations in the affected area."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2008-11-13
Press Briefing by Press Secretary Robert Gibbs, Admiral Thad Allen and Assistant to the President for Energy and Climate Change Carol Browner [May 24, 2010]

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In this May 24, 2010 press briefing, Press Secretary Robert Gibbs, Admiral Thad Allen and Assistant to the President for Energy and Climate Change Carol Browner comment on and answer questions regarding the British Petroleum (BP) oil spill. The briefing includes questions on the federal/private role in disaster cleanup, reimbursement for cleanup costs, and when the oil leak will be plugged.

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2010-05-24
President Obama Signs Minnesota Major Disaster Declaration [April 9, 2009]

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From the Document: "The President today [April 9, 2009] declared a major disaster exists in the State of Minnesota and ordered Federal aid to supplement State and local recovery efforts in the area struck by severe storms and flooding beginning on March 16, 2009, and continuing. Federal funding is available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis for emergency work and the repair or replacement of facilities damaged by the severe storms and flooding in Clay, Kittson, Marshall, Norman, Polk, Traverse, and Wilkin Counties. Federal funding is also available on a cost-sharing basis for hazard mitigation measures statewide. Michael H. Smith has been named as the Federal Coordinating Officer for Federal recovery operations in the affected area. FEMA said that damage surveys are continuing in other areas, and more counties and additional forms of assistance may be designated after the assessments are fully completed."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2009-04-09
President Obama Signs South Dakota Disaster Declaration - Corson, Perkins, and Ziebach Counties [May 13, 2010]

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From the Document: "The President today [May 13, 2010] declared a major disaster exists in the State of South Dakota and ordered Federal aid to supplement State and local recovery efforts in the area struck by a severe winter storm on April 2, 2010. Federal funding is available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis for emergency work and the repair or replacement of facilities damaged by the severe winter storm in the counties of Corson, Perkins, and Ziebach."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2010-05-13
President Obama Signs Major Disaster Declaration for the Commonwealth of Kentucky [February 5, 2009]

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From the Document: "The President today [February 5, 2009] declared a major disaster exists in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and ordered Federal aid to supplement Commonwealth and local recovery efforts in the area struck by a severe winter storm and flooding beginning on January 26, 2009, and continuing. Federal funding is available to Commonwealth and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis in the counties of Allen, Anderson, Ballard, Barren, Bath, Bourbon, Boyd, Boyle, Breathitt, Breckinridge, Bracken, Bullitt, Butler, Caldwell, Calloway, Campbell, Carlisle, Carroll, Carter, Christian, Clark, Clay, Crittenden, Daviess, Edmonson, Elliott, Estill, Fayette, Fleming, Floyd, Franklin, Fulton, Garrard, Grant, Graves, Grayson, Green, Greenup, Hardin, Harrison, Hart, Henderson, Hickman, Hopkins, Jackson, Jefferson, Jessamine, Johnson, Larue, Lawrence, Lee, Lewis, Lincoln, Livingston, Logan, Lyon, Madison, Magoffin, Marion, Marshall, Martin, Mason, McCracken, McLean, Meade, Menifee, Mercer, Metcalfe, Montgomery, Morgan, Muhlenberg, Nelson, Nicholas, Ohio, Oldham, Owen, Owsley, Perry, Powell, Pendleton, Robertson, Rockcastle, Rowan, Scott, Shelby, Spencer, Todd, Trigg, Union, Warren, Washington, Webster, and Woodford for debris removal and emergency protective measures, including direct Federal assistance."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2009-02-05
Statement on Federal Disaster Assistance for Oklahoma [May 9, 2008]

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From the Document: "The President today [May 9, 2008] declared a major disaster exists in the State of Oklahoma and ordered Federal aid to supplement State and local recovery efforts in the area struck by severe storms, tornadoes, and flooding during the period of April 9-28, 2008. Federal funding is available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis for emergency work and the repair or replacement of facilities damaged by the severe storms, tornadoes, and flooding in the counties of Adair, Caddo, Coal, Delaware, Haskell, Hughes, Johnston, Latimer, Logan, Love, Mayes, McIntosh, Muskogee, Okfuskee, Ottawa, Pawnee, Pittsburg, Pushmataha, Rogers, Seminole, Sequoyah, Tillman, and Wagoner. Federal funding is also available on a cost-sharing basis for hazard mitigation measures statewide. R. David Paulison, Administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Department of Homeland Security, named Justin A. Dombrowski as the Federal Coordinating Officer for Federal recovery operations in the affected area. FEMA said that damage surveys are continuing in other areas, and more counties and additional forms of assistance may be designated after the assessments are fully completed."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2008-05-12
President Obama Signs Vermont Disaster Declaration [June 15, 2011]

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On June 15, 2011 President Obama declared a major disaster exists in the State of Vermont and ordered Federal aid to supplement State and local recovery efforts in the area struck by severe storms and flooding during the period of April 23 to May 9, 2011.

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2011-06-15
President Obama Signs Massachusetts Disaster Declaration [June 15, 2011]

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On June 15, 2011 President Obama "declared a major disaster exists in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and ordered Federal aid to supplement Commonwealth and local recovery efforts in the area struck by severe storms and tornadoes on June 1, 2011."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2011-06-15
President Obama Signs Illinois Disaster Declaration [June 7, 2011]

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President Obama declares a major disaster event in the State of Illinois in response to severe storms on April 19, 2011, and April 22 to May 2, 2011, and flooding resulting from those storms beginning on April 19, 2011. Obama announces that actions are being taken to make Federal funding available. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) may provide supplemental assistance after further damage assessment.

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2011-06-07
President Welcomes Japan's Support [September 20, 2001]

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From the Document: "President Bush welcomes the Japanese Government's September 19 announcement of concrete measures in the campaign against international terrorism. Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi announced a seven-point package of actions to support the U.S. and international response to last week's terrorist attacks in New York and Washington. These steps include measures involving Japan's Self-Defense Forces, expanded security for U.S. forces and facilities in Japan, humanitarian assistance to affected countries and displaced persons, measures to support the world economy, and strengthened international cooperation in sharing information and immigration control. We look forward to working with Japan as it implements its program. The United States also appreciates the $10 million in emergency relief funds donated by the Government of Japan to assist those affected by the September 11 attacks. Japan's actions demonstrate its commitment in the fight to eradicate international terrorism and its compassion and sympathy for the victims of terrorism in the United States, which included many Japanese nationals."

United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary

2001-09-20
Letter to the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence Leadership Regarding Section 702; Congressional White Paper: The Intelligence Community's Collection Programs Under Title [7] of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act

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This letter from Kathleen Turner, Director of Legislative Affairs for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, and Ronald Weich, Assistant Attorney General of the Office of Legislative Affiars for the Department of Justice, is addressed to Dianne Feinstein and Saxby Chambliss, Chairman and Vice Chairman, respectively, of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. The letter addresses the Intelligence Community's collection programs under Title [7] of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). A classified document enclosed with the letter is described to provide "an overview of all the expiring provisions of FISA." The letter goes on to request that Section 702 within Title [7] be reauthorized by Congress, and that the classified document be provided to all Members of Congress eligible to receive the Top Secret information, as the letter's authors intended "to provide the same document to the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence under similar conditions." The enclosed White Paper is as redacted as necessary to preserve ongoing National Security interests.

United States. Office of the Director of National Intelligence; United States. Department of Justice

Weich, Ronald Harris, 1959-; Turner, Kathleen

2012-05-04
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) [website]

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The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) works daily in courts, legislatures and communities to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in the United States. The ACLU seeks to conserve America's original civic values--the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, and reviews new and current law and how it is applied.

American Civil Liberties Union
Coastal Navigation: Authorized Purposes of Jetties, Breakwaters, and Other Structures Can Impact Corps' Maintenance and Repair

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From the Document: "The movement of commerce and the presence of water recreation involve the ability of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) to provide safe, reliable, efficient, and environmentally sustainable waterborne transportation systems. As part of the Corps' primary missions, the agency is tasked with maintaining and repairing coastal navigation structures that are part of harbors and ports. The Corps' activities, including the type and scope of coastal navigation structures that the Corps may construct and maintain, are authorized by Congress. Corps officials said the authorization usually refers to the document or report recommending the project to Congress, which Congress then references in the legislation--typically a Rivers and Harbors Act or Water Resources Development Act--authorizing the project. These reports can include specific dimensions for the projects, according to the officials. The Corps is permitted to build or improve a structure, consistent with its authorization. [...] A report accompanying the 2020 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill includes a provision for us to review how to increase the Corps' capacity to repair and maintain existing projects before they deteriorate to the point of failure. This report describes what factors, if any, affect the Corps' ability to consider impacts not directly related to navigation when determining which existing coastal navigation structures to maintain and repair. To address this objective, we selected examples, reviewed documents, and interviewed officials."

United States. Government Accountability Office

Feinstein, Dianne; Kennedy, Kevin (Kevin John), 1955-; Kaptur, Marcy . . .

2022-06-16
Beyond Iraq: The Lessons of a Hard Place

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From the Center for Strategic Leadership (CSL) Student Issue Paper: "Our 'adventure' in Iraq is doing little to enhance the post 9/11 security of the American public. The idea that a Middle East-altering democracy could be militarily introduced into a country as riven and as historically different from the U.S. as Iraq is now understood to have been naïve. As a series of early failures drove wedge after wedge into the fragile Iraqi society, the policy objective of a 'united, stable and democratic Iraq' at peace with its neighbors fell victim to shortsighted decisions and poor preparation. The prolonged engagement in Iraq is distracting us from an even greater threat of a stateless insurgency arrayed against the current world order. A mechanism for constraining U.S. prerogatives has been established, and a formula for our defeat is under development."

Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership

Smith, Anton K.

2007-07
Proteus Insights and the Protean Media Critical Thinking Game, Examining Future Complexity

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From the Center for Strategic Leadership (CSL) Issue Paper: "The Protean Media is not a total panacea for gaming or modeling complexity; however, it establishes the foundation for others to build upon. The PMG's ultimate goal is to develop a 'scalable variable wrapper, agent based interactive' experiential education, planning, and implementation game or tool that identifies cascading second and third order effects and unintended consequences in complex environments by incorporating the complex, temporal, and changing effects of human-behavior/belief systems and socio-cultural dimensions across the 'planes of influence.' To do this we must continue to integrate advances of R&D from gaming theory, human factors analysis, influence, perception, and cognitive modeling, and other complex-nonlinear programming efforts to create the ultimate 'paradoxal' game."

Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership

Wimbish, William A.

2006-06
Department of State Strategic Planning Workshop

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From the Document: "In mid-2000 the Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs asked the Army Chief of Staff if the Army could help State improve its capacity to undertake strategic planning. The Army War College's Center for Strategic Leadership undertook this assignment and served as the host for a workshop conducted at Carlisle Barracks April 9-10, 2001 for 65 foreign service and civil service personnel from the Department of State. This paper summarizes the discussions and issues raised at the conference. [...] The purpose of the conference was to expose Department of State participants to Army strategic planning and how it is incorporated into the professional development of the officer corps. Participants attended briefings on Army processes and then met in four workshop groups to examine the Department of State planning process, training and education, cooperation and planning between State and the Department of Defense (DoD), and future visioning. The break out groups presented their conclusions in a plenary session before the conference adjourned."

Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership

Reynolds, Jeffrey C.

2001-04
Rail Safety: Federal Railroad Administration Should Report on Risks to the Successful Implementation of Mandated Safety Technology, Report to Congressional Committees

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From the Highlights: "Positive train control (PTC) is a communications-based train control system designed to prevent some serious train accidents. Federal law requires passenger and major freight railroads to install PTC on most major routes by the end of 2015. Railroads must address other risks by implementing other technologies. The Department of Transportation's (DOT) Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) oversees implementation of these technologies and must report to Congress in 2012 on progress in implementing PTC. As requested, this report discusses railroads' progress in developing PTC and the remaining steps to implement it, the benefits of and challenges in implementing other safety technologies, and the extent of FRA's efforts to fulfill the PTC mandate and encourage the implementation of other technologies. To conduct this work, GAO analyzed documents and interviewed FRA and rail industry officials. GAO also interviewed and surveyed rail experts."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2010-12
Rail Transit: FTA Programs Are Helping Address Transit Agencies' Safety Challenges, but Improved Performance Goals and Measures Could Better Focus Efforts, Report to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, U.S. Senate

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From the Document: "Although transit service is generally safe, recent high-profile accidents on several large rail transit systems--notably the June 2009 collision in Washington, D.C., that resulted in nine fatalities and 52 injuries--have raised concerns. The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) oversees state agencies that directly oversee rail transit agencies' safety practices. FTA also provides assistance to transit agencies, such as funding and training, to enhance safety. GAO was asked to determine (1) the challenges the largest rail transit systems face in ensuring safety and (2) the extent to which assistance provided by FTA addresses these challenges. GAO visited eight large rail transit systems and their respective state oversight agencies, reviewed pertinent documents, and interviewed rail transit safety experts and officials from FTA and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2011-01
Defense Infrastructure: High-Level Federal Interagency Coordination Is Warranted to Address Transportation Needs beyond the Scope of the Defense Access Roads Program, Report to the Subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives

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From the Highlights: "The unprecedented growth at 26 military installations across the country due to the implementation of several concurrent Department of Defense (DOD) initiatives is expected to stress transportation needs for surrounding communities. The Defense Access Roads program, while small when compared to other transportation funding sources, provides a means for DOD to pay a share of the cost of highway improvements due to unusual and sudden DOD-generated activities. In response to a congressional request to review the program, GAO (1) assessed the use of the program to mitigate transportation needs and (2) identified additional steps that may be necessary to address unmet transportation needs. GAO conducted extensive interviews with 26 growth installations and visited installations and state authorities in Maryland, Texas, and Virginia to discuss transportation issues."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2011-01
Aviation Security: DHS Has Taken Steps to Enhance International Aviation Security and Facilitate Compliance with International Standards, but Challenges Remain. Statement of Steve Lord, Director Homeland Security and Justice Issues, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Aviation Operations, Safety, and Security, Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, U.S. Senate

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From the Highlights: "The attempted December 25, 2009, terrorist attack and the October 2010 bomb attempt involving air cargo originating in Yemen highlight the ongoing threat to aviation and the need to coordinate security standards and practices to enhance security with foreign partners, a process known as harmonization. This testimony discusses the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) progress and challenges in harmonizing international aviation security standards and practices and facilitating compliance with international standards. This testimony is based on reports GAO [Government Accountability Office] issued from April 2007 through June 2010, and ongoing work examining foreign airport assessments. For this work, GAO obtained information from DHS and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and interviewed TSA program officials, foreign aviation officials, representatives from international organizations such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), and industry associations, about ongoing harmonization and TSA airport assessment efforts and challenges. […] In response to prior GAO recommendations that TSA, among other things, track the status of foreign airport assessments, DHS concurred and is working to address the recommendations. TSA provided technical comments on a draft of the information contained in this statement, which GAO incorporated as appropriate."

United States. Government Accountability Office

Lord, Steve

2010-12-02
Maritime Security: Ferry Security Measures Have Been Implemented, but Evaluating Existing Studies Could Further Enhance Security, Report to the Chairman, Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives

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From the Highlights: "Ferries are a vital component of the U.S. transportation system and 2008 data show that U.S. ferries carried more than 82 million passengers and over 25 million vehicles. Ferries are also potential targets for terrorism in the United States and have been terrorist targets overseas. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to review ferry security, and this report addresses the extent to which (1) the Coast Guard, the lead federal agency for maritime security, assessed risk in accordance with the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) guidance and what risks it identified; and (2) federal agencies, ferry and facility operators, and law enforcement entities have taken actions to protect ferries and their facilities. GAO reviewed relevant requirements, analyzed 2006 through 2009 security operations data, interviewed federal and industry officials, and made observations at five domestic and one international locations with varying passenger volumes and relative risk profiles. Site visits provided information on security, but were not projectable to all ports. This is the public version of a sensitive report that GAO issued in October 2010. Information that DHS deemed sensitive has been redacted. GAO recommends that the Commandant of the Coast Guard, after evaluating the completed studies on ferry security, reassess vehicle screening requirements and take further actions to enhance security, if determined warranted. DHS concurred with our recommendations."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2010-12-03
Motor Carrier Safety: FMCSA Has Devoted a Small but Increasing Amount of Resources to Develop the Compliance, Safety, Accountability Program but Is Requesting a Significant Increase for Full Implementation

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From the Document: "In 2004, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) began work on its Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA) initiative1 to improve the safety of commercial motor vehicles, such as trucks and buses. FMCSA, whose primary mission is to reduce commercial motor vehicle-related crashes, fatalities and injuries, has made progress on CSA but needs to complete both implementation throughout all states and a Carrier Safety Fitness Determination rulemaking before CSA is fully implemented. CSA represents a different, more data-driven approach to motor carrier safety. Under CSA, which introduces a new system for identifying and responding to carrier safety risks, FMCSA intends to increase the number of carriers it evaluates and reduce crashes involving commercial vehicles."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2011-02-25
Airport and Airway Trust Fund: Declining Balance Raises Concerns over Ability to Meet Future Demands, Statement of Gerald Dillingham, Director Physical Infrastructure, Testimony Before the Committee on Finance, U.S. Senate

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From the Document: "The Trust Fund is the primary source of funding for FAA's capital programs and also provides funds for FAA's Operations account. The capital accounts include (1) the Facilities and Equipment (F&E) account, which funds technological improvements to the air traffic control system, including the modernization of the air traffic control system, called the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen); (2) the Research, Engineering, and Development (RE&D) account, which funds research on issues related to aviation safety, mobility, and NextGen technologies; and (3) the Airport Improvement Program (AIP), which provides grants for airport planning and development. In addition, the Trust Fund has provided all or some portion of the funding for FAA's Operations account, which funds the operation of the air traffic control system and safety inspections, among other activities. Finally, the Trust Fund is used to pay for the Essential Air Service (EAS) program. In fiscal year 2010, FAA's expenditures totaled about $15.5 billion, with Trust Fund revenues covering about $10.2 billion, or 66 percent, of those expenditures. While total FAA expenditures grew about 60 percent from fiscal year 2000 through fiscal year 2010, the Trust Fund's revenue contribution only increased 12 percent, while the contribution of general revenues from the U.S. Treasury has increased to cover a larger share of FAA's operations expenditures. Since the Trust Fund's creation in 1970, revenues have in the aggregate generally exceeded spending commitments from FAA's appropriations, resulting in a surplus. This surplus is referred to as the Trust Fund's uncommitted balance--the balance in the Trust Fund that remains after funds have been appropriated from the Trust Fund and contract authority has been authorized. As of the end of fiscal year 2010, the Trust Fund's uncommitted balance was about $770 million."

United States. Government Accountability Office

Dillingham, Gerald L.

2011-02-03
Rail Transit: Reliability of FTA's Rail Accident Database, Report to Congressional Requesters

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From the Document: "The information in this report is based on work conducted from September 2010 to January 2011, in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain sufficient, appropriate evidence to provide a reasonable basis for our findings and conclusions based on our audit objectives. We believe that the evidence obtained provides a reasonable basis for our findings and conclusions based on our audit objectives. In conducting our work, we interviewed FTA [Federal Transit Administration] officials and analyzed SSO [State Safety Oversight] and rail transit agency data to assess the extent to which rail transit safety data used for FTA's rail safety statistics report were complete and accurate and avoided unverified and omitted data entries, duplicative entries, and other data discrepancies. For our engagement, we focused primarily on the SSO templates and FTA's SSO Rail Accident Database since these are used by FTA to produce the rail safety statistics report. In order to ensure we were assessing the exact data FTA uses, we replicated the first five summary tables presented in that report. We reviewed SSO data from 2003 through 2008 and assessed the extent to which FTA reconciles the data reported by SSO and rail transit agencies with the National Transit Database (NTD) and other supplemental sources such as the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), and how the FTA's procedures contribute to the reliability of the data in its rail safety statistics report."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2011-01-31
Strategic Cyberspace Operations Guide (August 1, 2021)

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From the Foreword: "1. This publication provides a guide for U.S. Army War College students to understand design, planning, and execution of cyberspace operations at combatant commands (CCMDs), joint task forces (JTFs), and joint functional component commands. It combines 'U.S. Government Unclassified' and 'Releasable to the Public' documents into a single guide. 2. This strategic guide follows the operational design methodology and the joint planning process (JPP) detailed in Joint Publication 5-0, 'Joint Planning' and applies these principles to the cyberspace domain found in Joint Publication 3-12, 'Cyberspace Operations.' However, this publication is not to be cited, copied, or used in lieu of doctrine or other official publications. The U.S. Army War College Strategic Cyberspace Operations Guide contains six chapters: 'Chapter 1' provides an overview of cyberspace operations, operational design methodology, and joint planning, and execution. 'Chapter 2' includes a review of operational design doctrine and applies these principles to the cyberspace domain. 'Chapter 3' reviews the joint planning process and identifies cyberspace operations planning concerns. 'Chapter 4' describes cyberspace operations during the execution of joint operations. 'Chapter 5' provides an overview of cyberspace operations in the homeland. 'Appendix A' provides an overview of cyberspace policies, strategies, and guidance. 'Appendix B' includes a description of U.S. Government, Department of Defense, Joint, and Service cyberspace organizations."

Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership

Leitzel, Benjamin; Hillebrand, Gregory D.

2021-08-01

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