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Evolution of the Military Part 1

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From the Conclusion: "While there were other laws passed around the same time, the laws mentioned above constitute the primary framework for the U.S. Armed Forces in the first few years after the country's founding. Specifically, the small standing Regular Army was used strategically throughout U.S. territory, with the expectation that it could defend against an initial attack and provide time for the militia to come in as support. The militias, for their part, were compulsory and controlled by the states and were used primarily to quell rebellions or otherwise enforce domestic laws. This division would ultimately erode through the 19th and 20th centuries, which will be examined in Part 2 and Part 3 of this series."

John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development

Jones, Eric

2021-10
Department of Defense Climate Risk Analysis

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From the Executive Summary: "Climate change is reshaping the geostrategic, operational, and tactical environments with significant implications for U.S. national security and defense. Increasing temperatures; changing precipitation patterns; and more frequent, intense, and unpredictable extreme weather conditions caused by climate change are exacerbating existing risks and creating new security challenges for U.S. interests. The risks of climate change to Department of Defense (DoD) strategies, plans, capabilities, missions, and equipment, as well as those of U.S. allies and partners, are growing. Global efforts to address climate change - including actions to address the causes as well as the effects - will influence DoD strategic interests, relationships, competition, and priorities. To train, fight, and win in this increasingly complex environment, DoD will consider the effects of climate change at every level of the DoD enterprise."

United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Under Secretary for Policy

2021-10
COVID-19 Pandemic: Observations on the Ongoing Recovery of the Aviation Industry, Report to Congressional Addressees

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From the Highlights: "International flight restrictions, local stay-at-home orders, and a general fear of contracting and spreading COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] through air travel had a sudden and profound effect on the U.S. aviation industry. According to Department of Transportation (DOT) statistics, passenger traffic in April 2020 was 96 percent lower systemwide than April 2019, and remained 60 percent below 2019 traffic levels throughout 2020. This report examines (1) immediate effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on businesses across the aviation industry; (2) actions those businesses took in response; (3) actions the FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] took to help the industry respond to the pandemic; and (4) the outlook for industry recovery, among other issues."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2021-10
Weapon System Requirements: Joint Staff Lacks Reliable Data on the Effectiveness of Its Revised Joint Approval Process, Report to Congressional Committees

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From the Highlights: "In the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, Congress mandated revisions to the JCIDS [Joint Staff uses the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System] process by modifying the scope of the JROC [Joint Requirements Oversight Council]'s responsibilities. The accompanying Senate Armed Services Committee report noted that these changes were, in part, to improve the timeliness of the JCIDS process. House Armed Services Committee report 116-120 included a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to review the revisions to the JCIDS process. This report examines (1) key revisions to the process, (2) how many programs have been through the revised process and how long it took, and (3) the Joint Staff's ability to assess the timeliness of the process."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2021-10
Alternatives to Radioactive Materials: A National Strategy to Support Alternative Technologies May Reduce Risks of a Dirty Bomb, Report to Congressional Committees

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From the Highlights: "Radioactive material, which is dangerous if mishandled, is found in many medical and industrial applications. In the hands of terrorists, it could be used to construct a radiological dispersal device, or dirty bomb, that uses conventional explosives to disperse the material. Replacing technologies that use dangerous radioactive materials with safer alternatives may help protect people and reduce potential socioeconomic costs from remediation and evacuation of affected residents. Senate Report 116-102 included a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to review alternative technologies to applications that use radioactive materials. This report examines (1) the potential for adopting alternative technologies in the United States for the six most commonly used medical and industrial applications; (2) factors affecting adoption of alternative technologies; and (3) federal activities relating to alternative technologies in the United States."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2021-10
National Strategy on Gender Equity and Equality

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From the Document: "This strategy is the product of and roadmap for a whole-of-government effort to advance gender equity and equality. Responsibility for realizing its bold vision is not the task of a sole agency or White House office, but rather a responsibility that cuts across the work of the Biden-Harris Administration in both domestic and foreign affairs. In order to mainstream gender equity and equality across our domestic and foreign policy, we will elevate gender in strategic planning and budgeting, policy development, management and training, and monitoring and evaluation efforts. We will also strengthen data collection and analysis and take steps to ensure transparency and accountability for progress toward the goals laid out in this strategy. This work will be conducted in partnership with Congress, state, local, territorial, and Tribal governments, foreign governments and multi-lateral organizations, and non-governmental actors--including faith-based groups, civil society, and private sector organizations--who were also consulted in the development of the strategy and have an essential role in the work ahead."

United States. White House Office

2021-10?
Are We Entering a New Age of Pandemics?

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From the Document: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] is only the latest in a succession of new infectious threats that have emerged in recent decades. Since 1970, we've faced bird flu, SARS [Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome], Ebola, Nipah virus, Marburg fever, cryptosporidiosis and hantavirus. Not to mention resurging diseases, which include monkeypox, dengue and yellow fever, drug-resistant malaria, and even plague. And while HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, may have emerged as early as the 1920s, it only became a mass global killer in the 1980s, responsible for over thirty million deaths since then. The irony of our progress against death from infection over the past two centuries is that our success has helped create the perfect environment for the emergence of a new disease outbreak, and for that outbreak to have catastrophic global social and economic impact. Does that mean we are entering a new age of pandemics? Certainly, the risk is there. Evolutionary biologist Katherine Smith and colleagues at Brown University studied more than 12,000 reported disease outbreaks worldwide since 1980 and concluded that both the number of diseases and the number of outbreaks have been increasing over time. [...] Adding to the danger--and despite everything we've learned since the first age of pandemics--the world responds poorly to the risk of outbreak infections. Not least, we could reduce that risk in the first place through far better sanitation, for humans and domestic animals alike."

Center for Global Development

Kenny, Charles

2021-10
Trusted Internet Connections 3.0: Remote User Use Case, Version 1

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From the Introduction: "Trusted Internet Connections (TIC), originally established in 2007, is a federal cybersecurity initiative intended to enhance network and perimeter security across the Federal Government. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB), the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), and the General Services Administration (GSA) oversee the TIC initiative through a robust program that sets guidance and an execution framework for agencies to implement a baseline perimeter security standard. The initial versions of the TIC initiative sought to consolidate federal networks and standardize perimeter security for the federal enterprise. As outlined in OMB Memorandum (M) 19-26: 'Update to the Trusted Internet Connections (TIC) Initiative', this modernized version of the initiative expands upon the original to drive security standards and leverage advances in technology as agencies adopt mobile and cloud environments. The goal of TIC 3.0 is to secure federal data, networks, and boundaries while providing visibility into agency traffic, including cloud communications."

United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency

2021-10
PFAS Strategic Roadmap: EPA's Commitments to Action 2021-2024

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From the Introduction: "Harmful per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are an urgent public health and environmental issue facing communities across the United States. PFAS have been manufactured and used in a variety of industries in the United States and around the globe since the 1940s, and they are still being used today. Because of the duration and breadth of use, PFAS can be found in surface water, groundwater, soil, and air--from remote rural areas to densely-populated urban centers. A growing body of scientific evidence shows that exposure at certain levels to specific PFAS can adversely impact human health and other living things. Despite these concerns, PFAS are still used in a wide range of consumer products and industrial applications. Every level of government--federal, Tribal, state, and local--needs to exercise increased and sustained leadership to accelerate progress to clean up PFAS contamination, prevent new contamination, and make game-changing breakthroughs in the scientific understanding of PFAS. The EPA Council on PFAS developed this strategic roadmap to lay out EPA's whole-of-agency approach to addressing PFAS. To deliver needed protections for the American people, the roadmap sets timelines by which the Agency plans to take specific actions during the first term of the Biden-Harris Administration. The strategic roadmap builds on and accelerates implementation of policy actions identified in the Agency's 2019 action plan and commits to bolder new policies to safeguard public health, protect the environment, and hold polluters accountable."

United States. Environmental Protection Agency

2021-10
COVID-19 Contracting: Indian Health Service Used Flexibilities to Meet Increased Medical Supply Needs, Report to Congressional Addressees

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From the Government Accountability Office Highlights: "The Indian Health Service (IHS) serves over 2 million American Indians and Alaska Natives. These groups have been disproportionately vulnerable to negative outcomes from COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. During emergencies, federal contracting staff face pressure to work quickly to meet increased needs. We examined some of IHS's COVID-related contracts to see how the agency's efforts fared. [...] We analyzed relevant federal procurement data through June 30, 2021. We also reviewed four contracts-- covering about 1/4 of obligations in IHS's largest product category (medical and surgical instruments, equipment, and supplies). We also interviewed IHS contracting officials."

United States. Government Accountability Office

2021-10
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Climate Adaptation Action Plan [October 2021]

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From the Introduction: "Climate change poses a real and present danger to communities all across the country. Its impacts are already being felt. President Biden's Executive Order 14008, 'Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad,' requires federal agencies to develop Climate Action Plans that describe their agency's climate vulnerabilities and the steps it will take to bolster adaptation and increase resilience to the impacts of climate change. This 2021 EPA [Environmental Protection Agency] Climate Adaptation Action Plan ('Plan') builds on a strong foundation. The agency released its first Climate Change Adaptation Plan in June 2014, followed by 17 Climate Change Adaptation Implementation Plans prepared by its National Environmental Program Offices, National Support Offices, and 10 Regional Offices. The 2021 Plan accelerates action and focuses agency attention on priority actions it will take to fulfill our mission and increase human and ecosystem resilience even as the climate changes. This Plan will be followed by updates to the 17 'Implementation Plans' produced in 2014. Every office will report on its progress since 2014 and identify future actions to address the agency-wide priorities identified in this Plan. EPA offices will engage with states, tribes, territories, local communities, and other stakeholders when updating their plans."

United States. Environmental Protection Agency

2021-10
Report on the Impact of Climate Change on Migration

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From the Introduction: "The climate crisis is reshaping our world, as the Earth's climate is now changing faster than at any point in the history of modern civilization. Defined by changes in average weather conditions that persist over multiple decades or longer, climate change includes changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, the frequency and severity of certain weather events, and other features of the climate system. When combined with physical, social, economic, and/or environmental vulnerabilities, climate change can undermine food, water, and economic security. Secondary effects of climate change can include displacement, loss of livelihoods, weakened governments, and in some cases political instability and conflict. In recognition of this, on February 9, 2021, President Biden signed Executive Order (E.O.) 14013, 'Rebuilding and Enhancing Programs to Resettle Refugees and Planning for the Impact of Climate Change on Migration,' in which he directed the National Security Advisor to prepare a report on climate change and its impact on migration. This report marks the first time the U.S. Government is officially reporting on the link between climate change and migration."

United States. White House Office

2021-10
Fast Act Expires; the Department of Transportation Initiates Shutdown Procedures [October 1, 2021]

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From the Document: "At midnight on September 30, 2021, the law authorizing federal surface transportation programs, the Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act; P.L. [Public Law] 114-94), as extended, expired. The House is considering the Senate-passed Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684), which would reauthorize surface transportation programs. In the absence of new authority to expend from the Highway Trust Fund (HTF), the Department of Transportation (DOT) has begun to shut down the programs and activities supported by the HTF and furlough staff. The Anti-Deficiency Act (ADA; 31 U.S.C. [United States Code] §1341 [hyperlink]) prohibits agencies from incurring obligations that are in advance of appropriations except in certain circumstances. This means that transportation programs and activities supported by money from the general fund of the U.S. Treasury must be appropriated. In contrast, HTF funding is a form of budget authority, known as contract authority, which by law may be obligated prior to an appropriation and is effectively an exception under the ADA. However, the authority to make new obligations from the HTF must be authorized, and that authorization expired September 30, 2021. The highway taxes that support the HTF have not expired, and their revenues will continue to be deposited into the HTF. Under current authority, the motor fuel and tire taxes expire at the end of September 30, 2022, and the heavy vehicle use tax expires at the end of September 30, 2023. According to DOT's September 28, 2021, shutdown plan [hyperlink], all HTF-funded personnel not needed to fulfill excepted activities under the ADA (such as life, safety, and the protection of property), or funded with appropriations, would be furloughed. Approximately 3,700 employees in the four DOT surface transportation agencies discussed below would be affected."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Kirk, Robert S.

2021-10-01
Masks and Respirators for the 21st Century: Policy Changes Needed to Save Lives and Prevent Societal Disruption

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From the Executive Summary: "Masks and respirators have played an essential role in the response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic for both healthcare workers and the public. However, the masks and respirators that both healthcare workers and the public have needed to rely upon leave much to be desired. [...] In this report, we provide an overview of the history and types of masks and respirators that exist and consider the development, manufacture, approval, and stockpiling of better respiratory protection for healthcare workers, the nonhealthcare workforce, and the public in the United States. We address issues related to acceptance and willingness to wear face coverings, masks, or respirators. We discuss ways to foster ingenuity in designs of new devices, promote advanced development, obtain regulatory approval, and stockpile a reasonable number of devices."

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Center for Health Security

Toner, Eric (Eric S.); Veenema, Tener Goodwin; Adalja, Amesh A. . . .

2021-10
National Flood Insurance Program Claims Manual [October 2021]

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From the Purpose: "The purpose of the 'NFIP [National Flood Insurance Program] Claims Manual' is to improve clarity of claims guidance to WYOs [Write Your Own], vendors, adjusters, and examiners so that policyholders experience consistent and reliable service. The Manual provides processes for handling claims from the notice of loss to final payment. All NFIP bulletins, other than those announcing event designation numbers, Flood Response Office locations, claims adjuster briefings, and current and future program changes, are superseded by this Manual and of no further effect."

United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; National Flood Insurance Program (U.S.)

2021-10
Reset: Firefighter and Family Members' Reintegration Guide

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From the Document: "'Fire season.' For thousands of responders, it means days, weeks, or months on the road. Our common goal of protecting communities and resources requests an all-in dedication and a job that is unique to wildland fire. The sacrifices you make, which affect you, your family, and your friendships, are appreciated. The transition away from an all-encompassing job is not easy. Whether it is a day, a week, or a month away, it can be difficult to return to your lifestyle after an assignment. This guide provides information about the reintegration process. It includes information you can use as you embark on the road to reintegration, including support tools to help you reunite successfully with your family, friends, and local communities. This guide does not set any standards or mandates; rather, it is intended to provide helpful and relatable information. The process of reunion and reintegration is an initial whirlwind of change followed by a longer period of adjustments. You may be transitioning from a high-functioning, close-knit environment to a less-structured environment. You may need to approach decisions from a different perspective and accept there will be an adjustment period."

United States. Forest Service

2021-10
Continuation of Research on Traffic Safety During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency: January - June 2021

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From the Document: "The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration continues to explore traffic safety during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] public health emergency. This work is crucial to further understanding changes in dangerous driving behaviors and letting us expand or evolve countermeasures to meet current needs in States and across the country. This Research Note updates traffic safety behavioral research findings during the COVID-19 public health emergency through the first half of the 2021 calendar year."

United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Behavioral Safety Research

2021-10
Rural Emergency Hospital: Policy Brief and Recommendations to the Secretary

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From the Introduction: "In December 2020, Congress passed the Consolidated Appropriations Act (CAA) of 2021 (Public Law 116-260), which, in Section 125, created a new Medicare provider type called the Rural Emergency Hospital (REH). The REH will be a new rural hospital type that does not provide inpatient care but will provide 24-hour emergency services. By creating the REH, Congress has established the first new rural provider type in over 20 years when the Critical Access Hospital (CAH) was created in 1997 under the Balanced Budget Act (Public Law 105-33). The REH comes as a response to an ongoing period of hospital closures in rural communities and to the concerns of access to emergency services in rural areas. Policymakers believe the REH will provide an option for communities that are perhaps too small to support a full-service hospital but need more than ambulatory care. As per the legislation, a CAH or small rural hospital with no more than 50 beds can convert to the REH provider type and begin providing services beginning January 1, 2023. In the intervening months, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) will create and finalize regulations for the REH. [...] In keeping with the Vision, Mission, and Values that govern the Committee, all deliberations, insights, and recommendations presented in this policy brief are offered through the lens of a diverse rural America made up of communities of healthy people with access to providers who offer world-class health care and human services."

United States. Department of Health and Human Services

National Advisory Committee on Rural Health and Human Services (U.S.)

2021-10
FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin: October 2021

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This October 2021 edition of the FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin contains the following articles: "Patch Call: Orange, Connecticut, Police Department"; "Patch Call: St. Johns County, Florida, Sheriff's Office"; "Perspective: Enhancing Your Agency's Image During Challenging Times" by Paul Grattan Jr., M.P.A.; "Bulletin Notes: 10/6/2021"; "Implementing an Intelligence-Led Policing Process" by Nate Huber, M.S.; "Leadership Spotlight: Tribal Supervision"; and "Trauma-Informed Policing and Building Trust" by Christopher Freeze, M.A., M.S..

United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation

2021-10
Opportunities for Expanding and Improving: Climate Information and Services for the Public

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From the Introduction: "The impacts of climate change are being felt across the United States and around the world, as documented through robust and sustained science and felt through lived experiences. Because the pace of climate change has accelerated and the impacts can be devastating, an unprecedented effort is needed to better inform society's preparedness for, and resilience and response to, current and future changes. Meeting this challenge requires significant new scientific efforts, a whole-of-government approach, collaboration across science and mission agencies, partnerships with the private sector, and sustained engagement with diverse information users to align climate services with decision needs. This report responds to President Biden's January 2021 Executive Order 14008, Section 211(d) part one[.] [...] The report draws on the strengths of NOAA [U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration] as an agency that serves as an authoritative provider of climate science and services, FEMA as an agency working to enhance preparedness for, response to, and recovery from climate-related hazards, and OSTP [White House Office of Science and Technology Policy] as the White House office that coordinates broad interagency science and technology initiatives and associated policies. The report also draws on capabilities and examples from across the U.S. Government--from the Federal climate-science agencies that provide valuable information to the agencies who apply this information as they work on the ground with stakeholders to address climate-related threats."

United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy; United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

2021-10
COVID-19 Illness Personally Affected Nearly 97 Million U.S. Adults

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From the Document: "Even before the latest wave of the coronavirus pandemic, driven by the highly contagious Delta variant, nearly 97 million U.S adults reported knowing someone killed by COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. Roughly the same number of people reported that they or another immediate family member had caught the virus. Those estimates are based on a SHADAC [State Health Access Data Assistance Center] COVID-19 survey, conducted as part of the AmeriSpeak omnibus survey by NORC [National Opinion Research Center] at the University of Chicago, in April 2021. An estimated one-third of the U.S. adult population reported a COVID-19 infection occurring in their immediate family, and about one-third also reported knowing someone who died of the virus. However, there were few statistically significant differences across demographic subgroups. The main exceptions were by race and ethnicity, with Black and Hispanic adults significantly more likely to report knowing someone who died from COVID-19 than White adults, and Hispanic adults significantly more likely to report a COVID-19 infection within their immediate families."

State Health Access Data Assistance Center (Minn.)

Planalp, Colin; Campbell, James; Blewett, Lynn

2021-10-01?
MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, October 1, 2021: Multicomponent Strategies to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission -- Nine Overnight Youth Summer Camps, United States, June-August 2021

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The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This Early Release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "Multicomponent Strategies to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] Transmission -- Nine Overnight Youth Summer Camps, United States, June-August 2021." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from WWMR can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2021.html].

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)

2021-10-01
MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, October 1, 2021: COVID-19 Outbreaks at Youth Summer Camps -- Louisiana, June-July 2021

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The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This Early Release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Outbreaks at Youth Summer Camps -- Louisiana, June-July 2021." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from WWMR can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2021.html].

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)

2021-10-01
MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, October 1, 2021

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The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This issue of MMWR contains the following: "Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication -- Pakistan, January 2020-July 2021"; Disparities in COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Vaccination Status, Intent, and Perceived Access for Noninstitutionalized Adults, by Disability Status -- National Immunization Survey Adult COVID Module, United States, May 30-June 26, 2021"; "Association Between K-12 School Mask Policies and School-Associated COVID-19 Outbreaks -- Maricopa and Pima Counties, Arizona, July-August 2021"; "COVID-19-Related School Closures and Learning Modality Changes --United States, August 1-September 17, 2021"; "Pediatric COVID-19 Cases in Counties With and Without School Mask Requirements - United States, July 1-September 4, 2021"; "Safety Monitoring of an Additional Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine -- United States, August 12-September 19, 2021"; "Notes from the Field: Deaths Related to Hurricane Ida Reported by Media -- Nine States, August 29-September 9, 2021"; "Notes from the Field: E-Cigarette Use Among Middle and High School Students - National Youth Tobacco Survey, United States, 2021"; and "QuickStats: Age-Adjusted Death Rates for Female Breast Cancer, by State --National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2019." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2021.html].

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)

2021-10-01
Infrastructure Resilience Planning Framework (IRPF), Version 1.0

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From the Overview: "The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) developed the Infrastructure Resilience Planning Framework (IRPF) to provide an approach for localities, regions, and the private sector to work together to plan for the security and resilience of critical infrastructure services in the face of multiple threats and changes. [...] This Framework provides methods and tools to address critical infrastructure security and resilience through planning, by helping communities and regions: [1] 'Understand and communicate' how infrastructure resilience contributes to community resilience; [2] 'Identify' how threats and hazards might impact the normal functioning of community infrastructure and delivery of services; [3] 'Prepare' governments, owners and operators to withstand and adapt to evolving threats and hazards; [4] 'Integrate' infrastructure security and resilience considerations, including the impacts of dependencies and cascading disruptions, into planning and investment decisions; and [5] 'Recover' quickly from disruptions to the normal functioning of community and regional infrastructure[.] For the purpose of this document, 'community' should be understood to include not just individual cities or towns, but also multijurisdictional regional authorities conducting planning and stakeholders with common interests or working on a common corridor to enhance the resilience of related infrastructure systems."

United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency

2021-10
Infrastructure Resilience Planning Framework [fact sheet]

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This Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) fact sheet provides a brief overview of the Infrastructure Resilience Planning Framework (IRPF), with a link to the full IRPF guidance. From the Overview: "The Infrastructure Resilience Planning Framework (IRPF) [hyperlink] is a flexible framework that enables users to identify critical infrastructure, assess related risks, and develop and implement resilience solutions. The framework helps users to understand interconnected infrastructure systems and can be incorporated into many types of plans such as economic development, capital improvement, hazard mitigation, and emergency response/recovery. The IRPF's audience is state, local, tribal, and territorial governments; regional planning commissions; infrastructure owners and operators; and large manufacturing clusters. The IRPF outlines five key steps that can be incorporated into existing planning processes to enhance resilience by addressing critical infrastructure dependencies. To support these steps, it includes guidance, tools, and resources, including infrastructure dependency questions, a meeting facilitation guide, and a compendium of mechanisms to fund resilience solutions."

United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency

2021-10?
Navy Ship Names: Background for Congress [Updated October 1, 2021]

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From the Summary: "Names for Navy ships traditionally have been chosen and announced by the Secretary of the Navy, under the direction of the President and in accordance with rules prescribed by Congress. Rules for giving certain types of names to certain types of Navy ships have evolved over time. There have been exceptions to the Navy's ship-naming rules, particularly for the purpose of naming a ship for a person when the rule for that type of ship would have called for it to be named for something else. Some observers have perceived a breakdown in, or corruption of, the rules for naming Navy ships. Section 370 of the FY2021 NDAA [National Defense Authorization Ac] (H.R. 6395/P.L. 116-283 of January 1, 2021) established a commission regarding the removal and renaming of certain assets of the Department of Defense (including ships) that commemorate the Confederate States of America or any person who served voluntarily with the Confederate States of America."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

O'Rourke, Ronald

2021-10-01
Iraq's October 2021 Election [October 1, 2021]

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From the Document: "On October 10, 2021, Iraqis are set to vote in an early [hyperlink] election to determine the makeup of the unicameral Council of Representatives (COR), Iraq's national legislature. The COR elects Iraq's president and approves the prime minister's program and cabinet nominees. The election comes two years after the start of mass protests that convulsed [hyperlink] Iraqi society and ousted [hyperlink] the government formed after Iraq's 2018 national election [hyperlink]. The election result may shape Iraqi policy on issues [hyperlink] of congressional concern, including U.S.- Iraq security cooperation, Iran's influence in Iraq, Iraq's foreign policy, human rights, protection of minorities, and prospects for economic and governance reform."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Blanchard, Christopher M.

2021-10-01
Commercial Human Spaceflight [October 1, 2021]

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From the Document: "Recent commercial flights to space by wealthy businesspeople and other private individuals have attracted interest both in Congress and among the general public. This In Focus summarizes current capabilities and plans for commercial human spaceflight, explains how it is regulated and licensed, defines some commonly used terminology, and discusses selected policy issues that may be of interest to Congress."

Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

Morgan, Daniel (Daniel L.)

2021-10-01
National Strategic Computing Reserve: A Blueprint

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From the Document: "This report outlines a Federal proposal for setting up a National Strategic Computing Reserve (NSCR) that can be called on in times of national crisis to rapidly activate a multisector advanced computing reserve infrastructure that can speed solutions, and it defines a blueprint for operational and coordination structures that will support an NSCR implementation. The formation of the NSCR suggested in this document is based on the U.S. experience in 2020 of initiating and operating the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] High Performance Computing Consortium and a public Request for Information on Potential Concepts and Approaches for an NSCR."

National Science and Technology Council (U.S.)

Parashar, Manish, 1967-; Friedlander, Amy, 1952-; Helland, Barbara . . .

2021-10

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