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Fact Sheet: Preserving Agricultural Trade, Access to Communication, and Other Support to Those Impacted by Russia's War Against Ukraine
From the Document: "In response to Russia's unprovoked and brutal war against Ukraine, the United States, international partners, and allies have imposed unprecedented economic costs on the Government of the Russian Federation and its supporters. The U.S. Department of the Treasury's (Treasury) Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) is issuing this Fact Sheet to make clear that U.S. sanctions issued in response to Russia's further invasion of Ukraine do not stand in the way of, agricultural and medical exports, nongovernmental organization (NGO) activities, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) relief, the free flow of information, humanitarian assistance, and other support to people impacted by Russia's war. Beyond its toll on human life, Russia's war against Ukraine is causing significant harm in the region and the rest of the world. Russian President Vladimir Putin's unprovoked invasion of Ukraine is driving food and energy costs higher for people around the world. His actions have disrupted supply chains of agricultural commodities, destroyed agricultural and transportation infrastructure in Ukraine, and put millions at increased risk of food insecurity. Treasury is deeply concerned about the risks to global food supplies and food prices at a time when many emerging market and developing countries are still struggling to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. Treasury is working to address food security risks, including bolstering social safety nets for the most vulnerable people; unlocking trade finance to smooth disrupted supply chains for food and critical supplies; strengthening countries' domestic food production; and addressing the macroeconomic impacts of the crisis on the most affected countries."
United States. Department of the Treasury
2022-04-19
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Public Law 117-113: Shadow Wolves Enhancement Act
From the Document: "An Act [t]o authorize the reclassification of the tactical enforcement officers (commonly known as the ''Shadow Wolves'') in the Homeland Security Investigations tactical patrol unit operating on the lands of the Tohono O'odham Nation as special agents, and for other purposes."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-04-19
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Temporary Protected Status and Deferred Enforced Departure [Updated April 19, 2022]
From the Summary: "When civil unrest, violence, or natural disasters erupt in countries around the world, concerns arise over the ability of foreign nationals present in the United States who are from those countries to safely return. Provisions in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) provide for temporary protected status (TPS) and other forms of relief from removal under specified circumstances. The Secretary of Homeland Security has the discretion to designate a country for TPS for periods of 6 to 18 months and can extend these periods if the country continues to meet the conditions for designation. A foreign national from a designated country who is granted TPS receives a registration document and employment authorization for the duration of the TPS designation. In addition to TPS, there is another form of blanket relief from removal known as deferred enforced departure (DED). DED is a temporary, discretionary, administrative stay of removal granted to aliens from designated countries. Unlike TPS, a DED designation emanates from the President's constitutional powers to conduct foreign relations and has no statutory basis."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Wilson, Jill, 1974-
2022-04-19
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Terrorist Groups in Afghanistan [Updated April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Afghanistan's geography, complex ethnic composition, and history of conflict and instability have created space for numerous armed Islamist groups, some of which engage in transnational terrorist activity. This product outlines major terrorist groups present in Afghanistan that are affiliated and allied with Al Qaeda (AQ) and the Islamic State (IS, also known as ISIS, ISIL, or by the Arabic acronym 'Da'esh'), and relations between these groups and other actors, most notably the Taliban. These dynamics may inform assessments of U.S. policy in Afghanistan in light of the Taliban's renewed control of the country. The Taliban interact with the groups below in varying ways that may affect U.S. interests. Observers differ on how Taliban rule might empower or undermine these terrorist groups or Taliban behavior toward them. U.S. public assessments of the threats these groups pose to U.S. interests, including to the U.S. homeland, vary. President Joseph Biden and other U.S. officials have stated that the United States will maintain 'over-the-horizon' capabilities to address terrorist threats in Afghanistan. As of mid-March 2022, the United States has not carried out any such strikes since the U.S. military withdrawal was completed on August 30, 2021."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Thomas, Clayton (Analyst in Middle Eastern Affairs)
2022-04-19
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Syria and U.S. Policy [Updated April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Since 2011, conflict between the government of Syrian President Bashar al Asad and opposition forces seeking his removal has displaced roughly half of the country's population and killed over half a million people. Five countries operate in or maintain military forces in Syria: Russia, Turkey, Iran, Israel, and the United States. The United States seeks a negotiated political settlement to the Syria conflict and the enduring defeat of the Islamic State (IS, aka ISIS/ISIL). Challenges for U.S. policymakers include responding to threats posed by IS remnants and detainees, countering groups linked to Al Qaeda, facilitating humanitarian access, and managing Russian and Iranian challenges to U.S. operations in Syria."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Humud, Carla E.
2022-04-19
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Defense Primer: Geography, Strategy, and U.S. Force Design [Updated April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Most of the world's people, resources, and economic activity are located not in the Western Hemisphere, but in the other hemisphere, particularly Eurasia. In response to this basic feature of world geography, U.S. policymakers for the last several decades have chosen to pursue, as a key element of U.S. national strategy, a goal of preventing the emergence of regional hegemons in Eurasia. This objective reflects a U.S. perspective on geopolitics and grand strategy developed by U.S. strategists and policymakers during and in the years immediately after World War II that incorporates two key judgments: [1] that given the amount of people, resources, and economic activity in Eurasia, a regional hegemon in Eurasia would represent a concentration of power large enough to be able to threaten vital U.S. interests; and [2] that Eurasia is not dependably self-regulating in terms of preventing the emergence of regional hegemons, meaning that the countries of Eurasia cannot be counted on to be fully able to prevent, through their own choices and actions, the emergence of regional hegemons, and may need assistance from one or more countries outside Eurasia to be able to do this dependably."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2022-04-19
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Gasoline Price Increases: Federal and State Authority to Limit 'Price Gouging' [April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Fluctuations in gasoline prices, including supply chain concerns related to international events, have renewed focus on the role of the government in discouraging gasoline 'price gouging,' a term commonly used to refer to sellers increasing prices to take advantage of certain circumstances that trigger decreases in supply, including emergencies. Others have sought to enhance protections against 'price fixing,' whereby sellers collude to raise prices beyond levels dictated by market conditions. Past federal legislative efforts to address gasoline price gouging and price fixing would bar certain commercial practices and mandate studies of gasoline pricing. The federal government has not enacted legislation aimed specifically at price spikes for retail gasoline. However, a majority of states have enacted statutes to curtail price gouging for certain critical goods and services, including gasoline, during emergencies. Some of these statutes bar pricing during emergencies that is considered to be 'unconscionable' or 'excessive' or otherwise violates a subjective standard. Other statutes place a hard cap on prices during periods of emergency based on percentage increases from prices charged for the good or service in question prior to the emergency. These state statutes generally allow sellers to show that the price increases are the result of increased costs rather than simply changes in the marketplace."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Vann, Adam
2022-04-19
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Chile: An Overview [Updated April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Chile has a long democratic tradition but experienced 17 years of authoritarian rule after a 1973 military coup led by General Augusto Pinochet deposed the democratically elected Socialist government of President Salvador Allende (1970-1973). More than 3,200 people were killed or 'disappeared' and some 38,000 people were imprisoned and/or tortured during the Pinochet dictatorship. Chile restored democracy in 1990, following a 1988 plebiscite. Center-left and center-right coalitions dominated Chilean politics for three decades following the transition. Centerleft coalitions held the presidency and majorities in Chile's bicameral congress for most of that period, but Sebastián Piñera led his center-right coalition to power for two nonconsecutive presidential terms (2010-2014, 2018-2022). Both coalitions largely maintained the market-oriented economic framework inherited from Pinochet while implementing consensus-based reforms to gradually expand the Chilean government's role in regulating economic activity and providing social services."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Meyer, Peter J.; Klein, Joshua
2022-04-19
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COVID-19: Potential Implications for International Security Environment-- Overview of Issues and Further Reading for Congress [Updated April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Some observers argue the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic could be a world-changing event with potentially profound and long-lasting implications for the international security environment. Other observers are more skeptical that the pandemic will have such effects. In reports issued in March and April 2021, the U.S. intelligence community provided assessments of the potential impact of the pandemic on the international security environment. Observers who discuss whether the pandemic will be world-changing for the international security environment have focused on several areas of potential change[.]"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2022-04-19
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Defense Primer: Department of the Navy [Updated April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "The Department of the Navy (DON) is a single military department that includes two military services--the Navy and the Marine Corps. As such, DON has a single civilian leader, the Secretary of the Navy, and two four-star military service chiefs--an admiral whose title is the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO), and a general whose title is the Commandant of the Marine Corps. Although the title 'Secretary of the Navy' includes only the term 'Navy,' the secretary serves as the civilian leader for both the Navy and Marine Corps. The CNO and the Commandant of the Marine Corps are members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS). The Secretary of the Navy is Carlos Del Toro, the CNO is Admiral Michael Gilday, and the Commandant of the Marine Corps is General David Berger."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2022-04-19
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Trinidad and Tobago [Updated April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Trinidad and Tobago, the second-most-populous English-speaking Caribbean nation after Jamaica, is located in the southeast Caribbean, just seven miles from Venezuela at its closest point. The country's population is largely of African and East Indian descent, each comprising about 35% of the total, with those of mixed descent and other ethnic groups comprising the remainder. In 1962, the country became one of the first British territories in the Caribbean to attain independence, retaining the parliamentary political system it inherited from the United Kingdom (UK). In 1976, Trinidad and Tobago became a parliamentary republic, with a president elected by parliament as head of state (in a largely ceremonial role) replacing the British monarch."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Klein, Joshua; Sullivan, Mark P.
2022-04-19
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Global Tuberculosis: Background and Issues for Congress [April 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most widespread infectious diseases in the world, infecting 10 million people in 2020. Congress has recognized TB as an important global health issue and a potential threat to global health security. Although TB is curable, approximately 1.5 million TB-related deaths occur each year. Globally, new TB infection rates declined between 2015 and 2020. Global health observers anticipate new data to assess the extent to which interruptions in TB services during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic affected TB control; for example between 2019 and 2020, global TB deaths increased by 5.6%. Members may debate appropriate funding levels and optimum strategies for addressing the continued challenge of global TB control during the remainder of the 117th Congress. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) work closely with a range of multilateral partners to respond to the threat of TB, including the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria (the Global Fund), the largest multilateral actor in the TB space, and the World Health Organization (WHO), among others. National governments also play a key role in controlling TB within their own borders. Domestic government expenditures in middle-income countries with high TB burdens, such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRICS), fund 97% of their domestic spending on TB control and account for a large portion of TB spending worldwide."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Tharakan, Sara M.
2022-04-19
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Safer Schools: Efforts to Improve School Climate in Virginia
From the Webpage: "Violence in school is relatively rare, though community perceptions of violence in school may not reflect this fact. That being said, nearly 71% of all schools did report at least one case of violent crime during the 2017-2018 school year. Administrators and communities are working hard to address the root causes of school violence to create safer schools. Time after time, studies have demonstrated that school climate is critical to school safety and violence prevention. These findings have resulted in the desire for many states to measure the characteristics of school climate with empirical data in order to better understand trends and improve the environment for their students and staff. [...] Researchers from the University of Virginia have been working with the Virginia Department of Education and the Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services to develop rigorous survey scales to measure and assess school climate consistently over time. The surveys, which were administered over four alternating years to middle and high school stakeholders (students, parents, teachers, staff, and administrators), helped researchers better understand the relationship between the climate of a school and its overall safety. The researchers used the data to better inform stakeholders and to help formulate future surveys aimed at improving the Virginia educational system."
National Institute of Justice (U.S.); United States. Department of Justice
2022-04-18
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American Battlefield Protection Program [Updated April 18, 2022]
From the Document: "The American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) promotes the preservation of significant sites where 'historic battles were fought on American soil' [...]. Initiated by the Secretary of the Interior in 1991, the program was authorized by Congress in 1996 in the American Battlefield Protection Act (P.L. 104-333) and is currently administered by the National Park Service (NPS). For most of its existence, the ABPP comprised two distinct competitive grant programs: the Battlefield Planning Grant Program and the Battlefield Land Acquisition Grant Program. Congress authorized two new grant programs in 2019, bringing the total number of ABPP grant programs to four (see 'New ABPP Grant Programs')[hyperlink]."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
DeSantis, Mark K.
2022-04-18
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USDA Nutrition Assistance Programs: Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic [Updated April 18, 2022]
From the Summary: "U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) programs are often part of emergency response efforts, providing foods for distribution, additional benefits for redemption, and program flexibilities. During the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, access to food-- particularly in light of increased unemployment and closures of institutions that households rely on for food, such as schools--has been a concern for many people. Some observers also view the programs, particularly the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), as a means of economic stimulus. This report discusses related provisions of five laws that supplement FNS's prior response to the COVID-19 pandemic with new funds and authorities[.]"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Aussenberg, Randy Alison; Billings, Kara Clifford
2022-04-18
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Use of DNA by the Criminal Justice System and the Federal Role: Background, Current Law, and Grants [Updated April 18, 2022]
From the Introduction: "This report provides an overview of how DNA is used to investigate crimes and exonerate innocent people of crimes they did not commit. It also reviews current law related to collecting DNA samples, sharing DNA profiles generated from those samples, and providing access to postconviction DNA testing. The report also includes a summary of grant programs authorized by Congress to assist state and local governments with reducing DNA backlogs, providing postconviction DNA testing, and promoting new technology in the field."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hanson, Emily J.
2022-04-18
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U.S.-Japan Trade Agreement Negotiations [Updated April 18, 2022]
From the Document: "In October 2019, the United States and Japan signed two agreements to liberalize bilateral trade. The U.S.-Japan Trade Agreement (USJTA) provides for limited tariff reductions and quota expansions to improve market access. The U.S.-Japan Digital Trade Agreement covers rules on the digital aspects of international commerce. The trade deals, which took effect in January 2020, without formal action by Congress, constituted what the Trump and Abe Administrations described as 'stage one' of a broader U.S.- Japan trade agreement, but further talks did not materialize. The Trump Administration used delegated tariff authorities in the 2015 grant of Trade Promotion Authority (TPA, P.L. 114-26 now expired) to proclaim the USJTA provisions, while the digital trade agreement, which did not require changes to U.S. law, was treated as an Executive Agreement. The Biden Administration has not pursued further bilateral trade talks with Japan, despite urging from some stakeholders to resume negotiation on issues left out of the initial agreements (e.g., auto trade and services)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Williams, Brock R.
2022-04-18
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Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs: FY2023 Budget and Appropriations [April 18, 2022]
From the Document: "Each year, Congress considers 12 distinct appropriations measures to fund federal programs and activities. One of these is the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (SFOPS) appropriations bill, which includes funding for U.S. diplomatic activities, cultural exchanges, development, security, humanitarian assistance, and participation in multilateral organizations, among other international activities. On March 28, 2022, the Biden Administration released its proposed FY2023 budget request, which called for $66.00 billion in new budget authority for SFOPS accounts ($65.94 billion after rescissions of prior year funding). The FY2023 request, including rescissions, represents a 17.3% increase from FY2022 enacted base appropriations (excluding emergency funding to address crises in Afghanistan and Ukraine) and a 0.9% decrease from total FY2022 enacted appropriations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Morgenstern, Emily M.; Gill, Cory R.
2022-04-18
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Digital Wallets and Selected Policy Issues [April 18, 2022]
From the Document: "Digital wallets are generally used for (1) payments to merchants through the use of near-field communication or QR codes for in-person purchases; (2) peer-to-peer transfers of funds through an app, via text message, or QR codes; (3) storing value from a linked bank account or debit card on an app-based account; or (4) storing, providing access to, and transacting in cryptocurrency. (For more on cryptocurrency, see CRS Report R45427, 'Cryptocurrency: The Economics of Money and Selected Policy Issues' [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=836620].) Digital wallets generally require the use of internet-connected hardware, such as a smartphone. Some, including Apple Pay and Google Pay, may work only with certain devices and associated operating systems. Others, such as the PayPal or Cash apps, can be downloaded and accessed from a range of devices, irrespective of operating system. For conceptual simplicity, it can be helpful to think of digital wallets as belonging to one of three groups: retailer-specific, general purpose, or cryptocurrency."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Tierno, Paul; Scott, Andrew P.
2022-04-18
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Public Transportation Faces Post-Pandemic Challenges [April 18, 2022]
From the Document: "The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an unprecedented effect on public transportation agency budgets [hyperlink]. Public transportation agencies have kept many buses and trains running, especially to support the travel of 'essential workers,' but ridership and fare revenues have plummeted. Public transportation agency budgets have been supported by federal supplemental appropriations [hyperlink] totaling $69.5 billion, about five times the pre-pandemic $12 billion in annual federal public transportation support [hyperlink] and more than three times the $19 billion coming from fares and other operating revenue annually. While the pandemic is challenging the public transportation industry nationwide, its financial effects are pronounced most on agencies that operate the 15 subway and 32 commuter rail systems [hyperlink] in the United States, the largest of which are located in the New York metropolitan area. This is because subways and commuter rail have lost a greater share of ridership than bus systems due to the pandemic and are typically more reliant on fares to cover operating costs. These trends, if they hold, have implications for federal public transportation policy."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Mallett, William
2022-04-18
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April 2022 Update to TIGER: Policymakers Face Grim Quandaries as Storm Clouds Gather
From the Webpage: "This was to be the year of post-COVID [coronavirus disease] normalization, labor market healing, and a growth revival. Instead, it is turning into a fraught period of geopolitical realignments, persistent supply disruptions, and financial market volatility, all against the background of surging inflationary pressures and limited room for policy maneuver. The latest update of the Brookings-Financial Times Tracking Indexes for the Global Economic Recovery (TIGER) shows an overall loss of growth momentum, with considerable unevenness across countries in their vulnerability to adverse domestic and international developments. The war in Ukraine, the resurgence of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] in China, and the limited macroeconomic policy space that now confronts most governments will make 2022 a tough year for global growth. The disruptive impact of COVID-19 seems contained in most other parts of the world, although it remains a wildcard as new variants emerge."
Brookings Institution. Global Economy and Development
Khanna, Aryan; Prasad, Eswar
2022-04-17
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 6361, District of Columbia National Guard Commanding General Residency Act
This is the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the House Committee on Oversight and Reform on February 2, 2022. From the Document: "H.R. 6361 would amend the District of Columbia Official Code to require the commanding general of the District of Columbia National Guard to reside within the District of Columbia. That officer, the Guard's top official in the District, is appointed by the President as a federal official. The federal government has broad authority over the National Guard, and it funds training and readiness. CBO estimates that the bill would have no effect on the federal budget because it affects only the criteria for selecting the commanding general."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-04-15
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MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, April 15, 2022
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This issue of MMWR contains the following: "Translocation of an Anteater ('Tamandua tetradactyla') Infected with Rabies from Virginia to Tennessee Resulting in Multiple Human Exposures, 2021"; "Surveillance to Track Progress Toward Polio Eradication -- Worldwide, 2020-2021"; "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Mortality and Vaccine Coverage -- Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, January 6, 2022-March 21, 2022"; "Effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] Vaccination in Preventing COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Among Adults with Previous SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] Infection -- United States, June 2021-February 2022"; "Notes from the Field: Wound Botulism Outbreak Among a Group of Persons Who Inject Drugs -- Dallas, Texas, 2020"; and "QuickStats: Age-Adjusted Death Rates of Heart Disease and Cancer, by Sex -- United States, 2010-2020." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-04-15
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Libya and U.S. Policy [Updated April 15, 2022]
From the Document: "Eleven years after a 2011 uprising that toppled long-time authoritarian leader Muammar al Qadhafi, Libya has yet to make a transition to stable governing arrangements. Elections and diplomacy have produced a series of interim governments, but militias, local leaders, and subnational coalitions backed by competing foreign patrons have remained the most powerful arbiters of public affairs. The postponement of planned elections in 2021, Libyans' continuing lack of consensus over constitutional and legal arrangements, the potential fragility of a United Nations (U.N.)-backed ceasefire, and the reemergence of institutional rivalry threaten Libya's stability and pose challenges for U.S. decisionmakers. Successive U.S. Administrations have sought to prevent Libya from serving as a permissive environment for transnational terrorist groups and have taken different approaches to conflict and competition among Libyans. The Biden Administration supports the holding of new elections in Libya and has used U.S. influence to bolster U.N.-led mediation efforts to that end. Congress has appropriated funds to enable U.S. diplomacy and aid programs, and some Members have called for more assertive U.S. engagement."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Blanchard, Christopher M.
2022-04-15
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Israel: Background and U.S. Relations in Brief [Updated April 15, 2022]
From the Overview: "Israel (see 'Appendix A' for a map and basic facts) has forged close bilateral cooperation with the United States in many areas. For more background on aid, arms sales, and missile defense cooperation, see CRS [Congressional Research Service] Report RL33222, 'U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel,' by Jeremy M. Sharp. U.S.-Israel security cooperation--a critical part of the bilateral relationship--is multifaceted. U.S. law requires the executive branch to take certain actions to preserve Israel's 'qualitative military edge,' or QME, and expedites aid and arms sales to Israel in various ways. A 10-year bilateral military aid memorandum of understanding (MOU)--signed in 2016--commits the United States to provide Israel $3.3 billion in Foreign Military Financing (FMF) and to spend $500 million annually on joint missile defense programs from FY2019 to FY2028, subject to congressional appropriations. The MOU anticipates possible supplemental aid in emergency situations such as conflict. In March 2022, Congress appropriated $1 billion in supplemental funding through FY2024 for the Iron Dome anti-rocket system as a response to the system's heavy use during a May 2021 conflict between Israel and Gaza Strip-based groups such as Hamas and Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) (both of which are U.S.-designated terrorist organizations)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Zanotti, Jim
2022-04-15
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Equity Action Plan Summary: U.S. Department of Defense
From the Document: "The military community and military families are proudly diverse. One of the most important ways DoD is advancing equity for underserved communities is by enhancing support for military families and addressing the barriers underserved military families face in achieving economic security and health equity. At the same time, while the Department of Defense has historically focused on increasing equity for those within the DoD community, the collective actions described in this plan represent a shift in the Department's approach and focus to better ensure that we leverage our capabilities to create opportunities for all Americans, including for small, disadvantaged businesses, and to ensure that all qualified Americans can serve their country in uniform."
United States. Department of Defense
2022-04-15?
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Homeland Security FY 2021-2023 Annual Performance Report
From the Document: "The U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Annual Performance Report (APR) for FY 2021-2023 presents the Department's mission programs, progress summaries, performance measure results and FY 2022 and FY 2023 targets. The report summarizes information on other key initiatives in the DHS Performance Management Framework related to the Strategic Review and our Agency Priority Goals (APG). Also included are other key management initiatives, and a summary of our performance challenges and high-risk areas identified by the DHS Office of the Inspector General (OIG) and the Government Accountability Office (GAO). The report is consolidated to incorporate our annual performance plan and annual performance report."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2022-04-15?
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Evaluation of the Department of Defense's Efforts to Address the Climate Resilience of U.S. Military Installations in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic (DODIG-2022-083)
"The objective of this evaluation was to determine the extent to which the DoD has addressed the climate resilience of U.S. military installations in the Arctic and sub-Arctic. [...] In the past 5 years, extreme weather and changing climate have caused hundreds of billions of dollars' worth of damage in the United States. In 2019, a DoD report to Congress on the effects of climate change on military installations called the effects of a changing climate a national security issue, with potential impacts to DoD missions, operational plans, and installations. Public law, DoD directives, and recently released DoD Facilities Criteria require DoD installations to address climate and energy risks and threats to installation infrastructure, assets, and missions. The extent of climate change is more significant in the Arctic than in most other parts of the world. The DoD's Arctic Strategy recognizes that the Arctic has direct implications for U.S. national security interests. The DoD is investing in resilient installation infrastructure and assets in the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions to support increased Arctic operations and enhanced Arctic awareness."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
2022-04-15
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Equity Action Plan: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
From the Executive Summary: "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) mission is to create strong, sustainable, inclusive communities and quality affordable homes for all. Meeting the aspiration of this goal requires that HUD prioritizes people in communities otherwise underserved by federal programs. HUD is working to strengthen the housing market to bolster the economy and protect consumers; meet the need for quality affordable rental homes; utilize housing as a platform to improve quality of life; build inclusive and sustainable communities free from discrimination; and transform the way HUD does business. [...] HUD's action plan responds to the request in Executive Order 13985 as implemented by the Office of Management and Budget to specifically address (1) procurement and (2) resources to the agency's civil rights unit, the Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO). Access to federal contracting opportunities can support economic growth and wealth building for members of underserved communities. HUD's fair housing and civil rights work has a broad scope and touches every person in this country. Furthermore, the underlying mission of FHEO is squarely focused on underserved communities by eliminating housing and lending discrimination against persons of color and other vulnerable populations."
United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development
2022-04-15?
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Strengthening Career and Technical Education for the 21st Century Act (Perkins V): A Primer [April 15, 2022]
From the Introduction: "The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act (Perkins Act), as amended most recently by the Strengthening Career and Technical Education for the 21st Century Act (Perkins V; P.L. 115-224), is the primary federal law supporting career and technical education (CTE) services offered within the states at the secondary and postsecondary education levels. CTE, once known as vocational education, consists of educational activities that provide individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to prepare for specific careers in current or emerging professions. CTE also prepares students for the labor market more broadly by integrating CTE with academic standards. [...] This report provides an overview of Perkins V, including its design, implementation, and funding as described in statute. After a brief introduction to CTE, the report is divided into sections that focus on a detailed description of the Basic State Grants (BSG), discuss National Activities and other programs under Title I, and summarize additional provisions under Title II. A final section summarizes Perkins V authorizations and appropriations. The appendices provide a brief history of federal involvement in CTE as well as formulas and allocations for the BSG."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Edgerton, Adam K.
2022-04-15
