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Mass: Evolving Tool of the U.S. Operational Artist
This monograph discusses the change in the use of mass by U.S. operational artists. As GEN Donn Starry observed, use of military force is based on certain operational concepts. If this in true and the traditional US concept of mass is in limited by domestic fiscal and global threat requirements, then one would expect a change in the US use of military force. By discussing the operational-level employment of mass in the US Civil War, WWII European Theater, and Operation Desert Storm, it is shown that US operational artists will probably strive to create the same effects of past mass use, despite a decrease in the means of mass. Maneuver, asymmetric attack, and combined operations are but three methods for achieving similar large-mass effects, required by the US operational-level warfighting style. This monograph is divided into two sections. The first section discusses the 'physics' of mass and related equations. It also includes the 'theory' of mass developed from Napoleonic warfare by Clausewitz and Jomini. The last part explains how Grant's 1864 Campaign set the stage for a unique US concept of mass, much different from its Napoleonic counterpart. The second section uses three test criteria to explore further changes in the use of mass. Two campaigns are used - WWII European Theater and Operation DESERT STORM.
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College
LeGare, J. Marc
1993-05-14
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Military Support to Domestic Disaster Relief Doctrine for Operating in the Wake of the Enemy?
From the thesis abstract: "This monograph examines the applicability of Joint contingency operations doctrine and emerging Army operations doctrine to planning and executing domestic disaster relief operations. Key linkages between considerations for Joint contingency operations and Army principles for operations other than war are used as the paradigm for examining a contemporary case study of military support to domestic disaster relief operations. The case study is the 1992 Joint Task Force Andrew support to Federal response and relief efforts in southern Florida in the aftermath of Hurricane Andrew. This monograph begins by discussing the legal and regulatory framework which creates the unique context for Federal military involvement in these types of operations. The Federal Emergency Management Agency's Federal Response Plan delineates the Federal and other agency primary and supporting responsibility for the twelve Emergency Support Functions (ESFS) associated with response and relief efforts following a Presidentially declared disaster. FEMA maintains responsibility for coordinating and ensuring execution of the overall Federal response and relief effort. The supporting role of the Federal military is highlighted. […] This monograph concludes that Joint contingency operations and Army operations doctrine provides the descriptive basis for planning and conducting domestic disaster relief operations. The presumed 'doctrinal void' is in the area of 'Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures' rather than doctrine."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. School of Advanced Military Studies
Smart, A.G.
1993-05-14
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Telecommunications Electric Service Priority and National Energy Strategy Review: Overview and Executive Report
"In October 1991, the National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC) charged the Energy Task Force to assist Office of the Manager, National Communications System (OMNCS) efforts with energy initiatives in coordination with the Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Communications System (NCS). Specifically, the task force was charged to develop criteria for identifying critical industry national security and emergency preparedness (NSIEP) telecommunication facilities that qualify for electric service priority restoration and priority fuel distribution and to develop a process for applying the criteria to identify critical industry NSIEP telecommunication facilities. This review is included as Volume I of the report. In December 1991, the Industry Executive Subcommittee (IES) modified the original task force charge to include an additional tasking. Specifically, the task force was charged to review the President's National Energy Strategy (NES) from the perspective of benefits to NSIEP telecommunication enhancements and to develop NSIEP telecommunication energy concerns/issues for incorporation into DOE's next issue/update of the NES. This review is included as Volume I1 of the report."
National Communications System (U.S.)
1993-05-10
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Operating Policies and Procedures Memorandum 93-1: Immigration Judge Decisions and Immigration Judge Orders
"The objective of this OPPM [Operating Policies and Procedures Memorandum] is to establish and/or continue EOIR [Executive Office for Immigration Review] policies and procedures relating to Immigration Judge decisions that will, to the maximum extent possible, provide uniformity and consistency in Immigration Judge proceedings."
United States. Department of Justice. Executive Office for Immigration Review
1993-05-06
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Shoreline Countermeasures Manual: Tropical Coastal Environments
"Shoreline countermeasures following an oil spill are a critical element in determining the ultimate environmental impact and cost resulting from a spill. As with most aspects of spill response, careful planning can significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment operations. Local response organizations need to develop mechanisms for identifying shorelines requiring treatment, establishing treatment priorities, monitoring the effectiveness and impacts of treatment, and for identifying and resolving problems as the treatment progresses. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) developed this manual as a tool for shoreline countermeasure planning and response by Regional Response Teams, Area Planning Committees, and State and local response agencies. This manual has been written specifically for tropical environments, to support oil spill planning and response activities in both the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean regions. Similar manuals have been prepared for temperate regions, and a freshwater manual is under preparation."
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1993-05
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Health Hazard Evaluation Report 92-0160-2360; City of Lancaster, Division of Fire Lancaster, Ohio
"On May 6, June 25-27, 1992, and February 9, 1993, investigators from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a health hazard evaluation (HHE) at engine houses 1, 2, and 3 of the Division of Fire in Lancaster, Ohio. This HHE was performed in response to a joint request from the Division of Fire and the International Association of Firefighters Local 291 to evaluate exposure to diesel exhaust emissions in the engine houses."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Echt, Alan; Blade, Leo; Sheehy, John W.
1993-05
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Health Hazard Evaluation Report 93-0040-2315; Anchorage Fire Department Anchorage, Alaska
"The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) in response to a request from the Fire Chief of the Anchorage Fire Department. The HHE request was received after four fire fighters reported experiencing either skin irritation or eye irritation as a result of qualitative fit tests using irritant smoke. Each of 186 fire fighters from the Anchorage Fire Department were fit tested in 1992, while wearing a self- contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) (with nose cup) operated in the pressure-demand mode. The fit testing method used by Anchorage involved puffing irritant smoke from air flow indicator tubes into a test hood which encompassed the fire fighter's head and the SCBA's facepiece."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Lenhart, Steven W.; Burroughs, G.E.
1993-05
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Health Evaluation Report 91-161-2225; Denver Police Department Denver, Colorado
"In March 1991, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a request from the Denver Police Department for a health hazard firing range during the firing of .45 caliber pistols. Police officers are required to qualify every 3 months with their service side-arm. The weapons most commonly carried are .38 caliber revolvers, .45 caliber pistols, and 9 mm pistols. The range was closed from 1985-1987 because of excessive lead exposure."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Lee, Steven A.; McCammon, Charles S.
1993-05
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Air Occupation: A Viable Concept for Campaign Planning?
"This monograph investigates how the Air Force concept of air occupation applies to operational campaign planning. The post Cold War era and a New World Order poses new challenges for operational planners. They must meet the changing geopolitical environment with new doctrines and concepts that apply military means in a mono polar world with reduced force structures. Air occupation is a new concept designed for the post Cold War era. The first section puts air occupation in perspective by expanding on Clausewitz's paradigm of limited war. Then air occupation is defined and explored. Air occupation is a new Air Force concept for joint operations. It is the asymmetrical application of joint aerospace technology to exploit the advantages of operating in the air dimension. Technologically intensive, air occupation uses joint airpower asymmetrically to achieve a relative position of advantage over a designated region. Established in space and time, this asymmetry generates a position of advantage to achieve operational and strategic effects. [...] This monograph concludes that air occupation is a viable operational concept for campaign planning in a limited war context. It is currently being used in Iraq and having a relative degree of operational and strategic effects."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. School of Advanced Military Studies
Livsey, Timothy D.
1993-05
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Defensive Campaigns: Are They Still the Stronger Form of War?
"On a theoretical level, defensive campaigns are the stronger form of war. As Clausewitz said, 'All things being equal defense is the stronger form.' However on the practical side defensive campaigns can only remain the stronger form of war if they are conducted properly according to theory and doctrine, and if campaign planners understand the concept of asymmetry. This monograph will review theory and doctrine on defense and defensive campaigns according to Clausewitz's thoughts in on 'On War'. This will be followed by an analysis of two campaigns and finish with a conclusion based on analyses of the two campaigns. Using criteria derived from Clausewitz's 'On War', an examination of two historical cases, the Russo-Polish War in 1920 and Desert Storm in 1991 will show how the advantages of defense are still valid. However, the successful commander and staff must understand that using Clausewitz's criteria is not enough in the present. The asymmetry of armed forces must be considered, so the campaign planners can make the most of advantages such as technology and negate disadvantages. This monograph concludes that in the early twentieth-century when all things were equal defensive campaigns were the stronger form of war. However, today this may not be true due to the asymmetry of armies. To plan successful defensive campaigns, planners must use Clausewitz's criteria as a guide and understand the concept of asymmetry."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. School of Advanced Military Studies
Brown, Armor D.
1993-05
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Defense Conversion: Redirecting R&D
Defense conversion means finding productive civilian uses for the resources and people formerly devoted to the Nation's defense. Channeling the savings from reduced defense R&D to civilian R&D is, of course, only one option for using the peace dividend. There are many others, including deficit reduction, This Report examines opportunities to advance civilian technologies and improve U.S. industrial competitiveness internationally by redirecting research and development from defense to dual-use or civilian purposes. The Report has two parts. Part One analyzes how R&D institutions currently pursuing defense missions could be more responsive and useful to civilian technology development. Part Two of the Report examines how proposals for new national missions might replace defense in contributing to the country's repository of technology, high-value-added jobs, and gross domestic product.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1993-05
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Alert Series: Republic of Liberia: Bibliography for Alert on Liberia (AL/LBR/93.001)
"This document is a bibliography supplement for the report Alert on Libera (AL/LBR/93.001.). This bibliography contains information on the history and background of Liberia, the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), The Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia (INPFL),The Economic Community of West African States Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG), the Interim Government of National Unity, the United Liberation Movement for Democracy in Liberia
(ULIMO), the Nimba Redemption Council of Liberia (NRCL), Peace Efforts, Liberian Refugees Abroad, and Current Events."
United States. Immigration and Naturalization Service; INS Resource Information Center
1993-05
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Mann Gulch Fire: A Race that Couldn't Be Won
"The Mann Gulch fire, which overran 16 firefighters in 1949, is analyzed to show its probable movement with respect to the crew. The firefighters were smokejumpers who had parachuted near the fire on August 5, 1949. While they were moving to a safer location, the fire blocked their route. Three survived, the foreman who ignited an escape fire into which he tried to move his crew, and two firefighters who found a route to safety. Considerable controversy has centered around the probable behavior of the fire and the actions of the crew members and their foreman. Modern safety techniques used by 73 firefighters who escaped injury after being trapped on the Butte Fire in 1985 are described for comparison."
United States. Forest Service
Rothermel, Richard C.
1993-05
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FAA Budget: Important Challenges Affecting Aviation Safety, Capacity, and Efficiency, Statement of Kenneth M. Mead, Director, Transportation Issues Resources, Community, and Economic Development Division, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Transportation and Related Agencies, Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives
The Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) $9.2 billion budget request for fiscal year 1994 represents a 3.5-percent increase over the fiscal year 1993 appropriation. This includes $2.5 billion for facilities and equipment; $4.6 billion for operations; $1.8 billion for grants-in-aid to airports; and $250 million for research, engineering, and development. This testimony discusses challenges FAA faces in ensuring the aviation system's safety, capacity, and efficiency. GAO also focuses on the status of FAA's air traffic control modernization program, work forces, airport development, and aviation security initiatives.
United States. General Accounting Office
1993-04-26
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Argentina: Nationality, Demography, and Security
"This paper focuses on problems that cause tensions between Argentina and its neighbors. The lack of sense of national consciousness, Argentina's mayor prosperity and demographics are putting into motion reactions that affect Argentina's security. It will examine the influences on the formation of Argentina national consciousness, including demographic aspects, the role of borders, population pressures from bordering nations, immigration, and the dangers to Argentina. Finally it proposes policies to reduce the emergence of regional conflicts and to strengthen the feeling of national consciousness."
Army War College (U.S.)
Fait, Raul E.
1993-04-22
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Executive Order 12843: Procurement Requirements and Policies for Federal Agencies for Ozone-Depleting Substances
Executive Order 12843 was enacted "in order to reduce the Federal Government's procurement and use of substances that cause stratospheric ozone depletion."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Clinton, Bill, 1946-
1993-04-21
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Executive Order 12845: Requiring Agencies to Purchase Energy Efficient Computer Equipment
Executive Order 12845 was enacted in order "to ensure the energy efficient operation of the Federal Government's facilities and to encourage the procurement of pollution preventing technologies that will save taxpayer money, reduce the Federal deficit, and accelerate the movement to energy efficient designs in standard computer equipment."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Clinton, Bill, 1946-
1993-04-21
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Executive Order 12844: Federal Use of Alternative Fueled Vehicles
"The use of alternative fueled motor vehicles can, in some applications, substantially reduce pollutants in the atmosphere, create significant domestic economic activity and stimulate jobs creation, utilize domestic fuel sources as defined by the Energy Policy Act of 1992, and reduce vehicle maintenance costs. Moreover, Federal action can provide a significant market impetus for the development and manufacture of alternative fueled vehicles, and for the expansion of the fueling infrastructure necessary to support large numbers of privately owned alternative fueled vehicles. The Federal Government can exercise leadership in the use of alternative fueled vehicles. To that end, each agency shall adopt aggressive plans to substantially exceed the alternative fueled vehicle purchase requirements established by the Energy Policy Act of 1992."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Clinton, Bill, 1946-
1993-04-21
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Biotechnology, Indigenous Peoples, and Intellectual Property Rights [April 16, 1993]
"Plant and animal species are estimated to become extinct as a result of natural processes at a rate of one to ten species a year. But human activities and the destruction of habitat are calculated to increase the extinction rate to 10,000-150,000 species a year. This process threatens the gene pool base that is important for food crops, undermines ecological balance, raises moral concerns about humankind's relationship with other species, adversely affects the development of new products useful to the modern world, and causes the demise of indigenous peoples dependent upon their immediate habitat. Several decades ago pharmaceutical companies and government research agencies devoted substantial efforts to screening plants and animals for useful medicinal properties. But the lack of widespread success and government budget cuts led to a decline in biodiversity screening in the 1970s in favor of efforts to synthesize new drugs in the laboratory. Now there has been a resurgence of interest in biodiversity screening. That resurgence has also been accompanied by a concern in some quarters to involve indigenous peoples in the screening process. […] Developing countries that host most indigenous peoples have generally subordinated protection for intellectual property to concerns about rapid economic development. The rights of indigenous peoples are as yet ill-defined. Existing and proposed international agreements pertaining to intellectual property provide little support for the notion. And the requirements of U.S. patent law that an invention be novel, useful, non-obvious, and not be a product of nature appear to be insuperable obstacles to any domestic protection for such knowledge."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Axt, Josephine R.; Corn, M. Lynne (Mary Lynne), 1946-; Ackerman, David M.
1993-04-16
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Arms Control in Middle East
"The Gulf Crisis and War of 1990-91 showed us, once again, the importance of the need to have stability and security in the Middle East. Stability and security in the region can be achieved by eliminating the proliferation of mass-destruction weapons, preventing countries from exceeding the level of their legitimate security needs, and gaining an offensive capability. Also, we must guard against new hostile groupings that may threaten other countries. This can best be done by achieving and implementing a comprehensive arms control and disarmament agreement or a series of agreements. But, the efforts on arms control and disarmament alone is not enough. In order to be successful, the Middle East needs a lasting peace, which can be achieved only by solving major political problems. However, in this paper, the unique one, the Arab-Israeli conflict has been taken as a major starting point in solving regional problems and enhancing the probability of achieving comprehensive arms control and disarmament agreements. This paper will address the complete complex problem of arms control by examining political, economic, social and environmental aspects that can influence positively the arms control and disarmament process."
Army War College (U.S.)
Koken, Yusuf Yuksel
1993-04-15
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Report of Defense Science Board Task Force on Tactical Aircraft Bottom Up Review
"The DoD team that conducted the Bottom Up Review (BUR) took on a very substantial task. The BUR team was appropriately composed of all relevant OSD offices and the services. This Defense Science Board Task Force conducted an independent assessment of their effort. The limited time available required the BUR team to focus chiefly on a comparison of tactical aircraft as stand alone air warfare assets. The process included six main avenues of analysis: costing, affordability, industrial base and threat assessments, a PA&E qualitative assessment, and an Institute for Defense Analysis (IDA) cost-effectiveness comparison model."
United States. Defense Science Board
1993-04-14
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Community Nonproliferation Committee
The Community Nonproliferation Committee will complement the Nonproliferation Center's goals by providing a forum for policy, enforcement and intelligence officials to consider plans, opportunities, developments, and related activities in the fields of weapons proliferation and technology transfer.
United States. Central Intelligence Agency
1993-04-12
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Army Roles, Missions and Organization for the Post Cold War
"This study reviews current U.S. Army roles and missions, examines the effects of a changed strategic landscape precipitated by the end of the cold war, and proposes changes in roles, missions, and organizations to meet the challenges of a post Cold War world. Specifically, it examines United States foreign policy goals and protection of U.S. vital and major interests; changes in global power following the end of the Cold War; the increase in ethnic and regional strife in Eastern Europe; the changing nature of regional conflict and the proliferation of mass destruction weapons; the emerging role of the United Nations in conflict resolution and peacekeeping; the Army's involvement in the war on drugs; public support and expectations; and, the size, organization and funding of Army forces. The study is not intended, nor does it try to determine roles and functions for the other Services. It does propose the creation of a composite division, made up of both heavy and light brigades, to better fulfill Army roles and missions and increase division utility in an uncertain world."
Army War College (U.S.)
Latimer, John C.
1993-04-07
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Air Piracy and Terrorism Directed Against U.S. Air Carriers
"Air piracy and terrorism have presented an increasing challenge to the air carriers of the United States and to the air carriers of the rest of the world. The air carriers of the United States represent a particularly lucrative target because airlines are symbols of nations. Airliners, which may be carrying as many as 350 hostages or vicitms [sic], can be pirated and controlled by a small force. Or they can be blown up by a small explosive device placed in baggage or cargo. Terrorist groups and air pirates differ significantly in their goals, aims, means, capabilities as well as many other characteristics. They represent causes and ideals which cover the ideological spectrum. No matter their cause or ideal they cause confusion and fear in the government and population of their target country. This study will examine air piracy and terrorism historically and provide a survey of more recent highly publicized and political acts against U.S. air carriers."
Army War College (U.S.)
Martin, Charles E.
1993-04-05
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Credibility of the Army Reserve in the New World Disorder
From the thesis abstract: "The end of the Cold War, the demise of the Warsaw Pact, and
the disintegration of the Soviet Union radically changed the balance of world power. To cope with the ambiguities of the resultant security environment and the inability to define clearly the threat, the U.S. has adopted a regionally-oriented and flexible military strategy. This strategy confronts the rapidly changing world security environment and competes with
U.S. domestic issues for scarce resources. This study examines the relevance of the U.S. Army Reserves and the Army National Guard as effective participants in the new military strategy, the ability and credibility of the Reserve components to perform generic missions, their potential contribution to the Army's Total Force, and their cost effectiveness. The report discusses the organization of the Army reserve components, analyzes the Active Army's proposed reductions in Reserve forces end strength and Congress' objections, provides an assessment of Reserve forces readiness capabilities relative to generic missions and the requirement for rapid response contingency forces, and reviews systemic programs affecting the readiness capability of Reserve forces. The study concludes that the Army Reserve Components continue to be a relevant and credible part of the Total Army of the future."
Army War College (U.S.)
Stenger, Thomas M.
1993-04-02
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Attaining Regional Stability in the 21st Century: Security through United Nations Military Force
"The world was easy to understand in the 1980s. They were over there and we were over here. Money was spent by both sides, all too easily, on weapons of both minimal and mass destruction. In retrospect, no one doubts that it was a more peaceable world, although certainly not more peaceful. More explicitly, the nations of the world, particularly those under communist influence, were more inclined to avoid internal conflict, albeit we still had an east-west confrontation that was anything but free of dissension. Today, without the shelter of Soviet authority, the lid has blown off all the pressure cookers. Bosnia is merely the beginning of civil unrest; small national conflicts on a large global scale seem to be the foreseeable future. But what of the unforeseeable future? Boldly, what does the 21st century hold in store for intra-national conflict, for attaining and maintaining regional stability, and for collective-security? This paper proposes a United Nations design for attaining regional stability and then offers a United Nations military force, strongly supported by U.S. resolve, to compel that stability. Such a proposal is neither simplistic nor naive; regional stability can be achieved even in the most gruesome of territorial conflicts. Idealistic indeed, but why bother at all if world peace isn't the ultimate goal? The paper is divided into the following sections: Attaining Regional Stability, United Nations Forces, Future Collective Security, Standing By Forces, Permanent Standing Force."
National War College (U.S.)
Peterson, T.M.; Krieger, Clifford R.
1993-04-02
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National Guard: Defending the Nation and the States
The National Guard, the subject of this report, is a centuries-old institution, with roots going back before the "Minutemen."The Guard plays a vital role in our national defense and emergency preparedness systems. Today, the Guard has emerged as the foremost reserve of the Army and the Air Force, capable, under the Total Force Policy, of providing organized and trained units to engage in missions shoulder to shoulder with elements of the active forces. Recent events have called attention to the role of the Guard in America's defense and emergency preparedness systems and to a range of intergovernmental issues concerning the Guard's control and operation.
United States. Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations
1993-04
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Natural Disaster Survey Report: Hurricane Iniki, September 6 - 13, 1992
"The purpose of this survey was to evaluate how the warning and detection system in Hawaii worked in the case of Iniki. It was to identify systemic strengths and weaknesses so that necessary improvements could be developed and implemented. Although some scientific examination of Iniki was a necessary part of this process, this survey was not intended to produce an in-depth scientific analysis of the event. That will be left to others."
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1993-04
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Army High-Performance Computing Research Center for the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
Computer simulation methods have been used to analyze the structural interactions and energetics governing the binding of substrates formycin 5'- monophosphate (FMP) and adenyl(3' to 5')guanosine (ApG) in the ricin A-chain active site. The studies undertaken showed the average simulation structures of the substrate-bound enzyme to be in good accord with the observed X-ray crystal structures in reproducing an overall binding mode. However, for FMP there are significant differences in the location and binding of the phosphate group. Free-energy simulation methods have been employed to explore several structural motifs of FMP which would have a greater binding affinity for the active site. It is shown that ricin A-chain has a preference for FMP over analogs 2-amino formycin 5'-phosphate and 2-hydroxyl formycin 5'-phosphate. Using the binding motif of the adenine ring from the average simulation structures, several substituents have been appended to the base with removal of the ribose and phosphate group leading to the design of new ligands for ricin. These potential antidotes are being further evaluated by molecular-dynamics simulations to determine the relative binding affinities
United States. Army Research Office
1993-04-01
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Russian-Soviet Unconventional Wars in the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Afghanistan
"Though little known, Russia's Caucasian campaigns from 1801-1864 constitute one of the most fascinating and instructive episodes in modern warfare. Pitted against the determined, resourceful Muslim tribes of the mountains and forests of the central Caucasus, Russia's military forces compiled a frustrating record that reflected many of the difficulties inherent in armed conflicts between Western-style, conventional armies and non-Western, unconventional forces in theaters lacking a highly developed transportation and communications infrastructure common to urbanized societies. Repeated Russian failures, the product of errors and the increasingly skillful leadership of the resistance, forced Russian military analysts to reexamine their approach. In the end, the conquest of the interior Caucasus depended upon the Russians' gradual recognition of the distinctive nature of their opponents and the local conditions, subsequent adaptations of their strategy and tactics in the face of intellectual and institutional inertia, and relentless and methodical prosecution of the war."
Combat Studies Institute (U.S.)
Baumann, Robert F., 1952-
1993-04
