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Patterns of Global Terrorism: 1991
"Terrorism in 1991 was marked by three major features. First, the number of international terrorist incidents increased 22 percent, from 456 in 1990 to 557 last year. This increase is solely attributable to terrorism associated with the Persian Gulf war. Second, 1991 was the second straight year in which there was no terrorist spectacular. Third, 1991 clearly demonstrated the role of state sponsorship in international terrorism. A central part of US Government counterterrorism policy is to press countries that sponsor terrorism to cease such support. This is what the international community did last year with great success against Iraq when Saddam Hussein threatened the world with a wave of terrorism following his invasion of Kuwait. The threat failed in large part because of the firm response by the United States and its allies and cooperation among them. The expulsion of Iraqi operatives, cooperation among law enforcement and intelligence services, and enhanced security countermeasures proved effective. In April the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 687 requiring a commitment from Iraq not to engage in acts of terrorism or support terrorist groups. Another part of US counterterrorism policy is to work with other governments to identify, apprehend, and prosecute terrorists. […]. A third part of our policy is to refuse to make deals with terrorists, and our firm adherence to this was rewarded in 1991 as the last remaining American hostages were freed from captivity in Lebanon."
United States. Department of State
1992-04
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DCI Task Force on the National Reconnaissance Office, Report to the Director of Central Intelligence, Final Report
"In March 1992, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Gates requested that a task force, which was headed by Lockheed Corporation COO Robert Fuhrman, examine a variety of issues concerning the future of the National Reconnaissance. Their recommendations concerned, inter alia, the NRO's role in the development and operation of overhead intelligence systems, its organizational structure, and the location of its program offices. The panel also recommended that the "fact of" the NRO be declassified." This is an unclassified extract from the complete document.
United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Directorate of Intelligence
1992-04
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Threats to US Security in a Postcontainment World
"The US must take into account the nature of the threats confronting it in devising its military strategy and force structure. Recent years, however, have brought significant changes in these threats. Therefore, the threats need to be reassessed and reprioritized, and the implications of the outcome for US military strategy and force structure should be examined. In carrying out the reassessment and reprioritization of threats, it is essential to observe two key principles: (1) emphasis should go to direct challenges to US interests rather than to those of a peripheral concern, and (2) threats should be weighted primarily in terms of the probability that they will actually materialize and not in terms of what havoc they would wreak if they did materialize. On the basis of these criteria, four major threats seem likely to face the US in the coming years. In descending order of importance, they are regional conflicts, Soviet strategic nuclear forces, anti-US terrorism, and Soviet conventional military forces. This configuration of challenges establishes a number of requirements for future US military strategy and force structure. Although it does not afford detailed guidelines for either, it does set broad parameters for both. A few of these requirements merely revalidate aspects of past strategy and force structure, but many dictate new approaches."
Air University (U.S.). Center for Aerospace Doctrine, Research, and Education
Albright, David
1992-04
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Military Technology: New Challenges for US National Security Strategy
"As demonstrated during the Gulf War, advanced military technology plays an important role in both our strategy and current force structure. The war also underscored the need to address the growing proliferation of weapons technology in the Third World. In March 1991, Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney highlighted the technology issue in stating 'we are on the verge of a revolutionary period in military technology, with leading nations achieving major breakthroughs and smaller nations gathering access to weapons of mass destruction.' This paper will focus on the current role of technology in US strategy, technology issues from the Gulf War, and future military technology challenges for the United States."
National War College (U.S.)
Elliott, Carol
1992-04
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Wildlands Fire Management: Federal Policies and Their Implications for Local Fire Departments
"The United States Fire Administration (USFA) has prepared this report for fire service professionals interested in keeping abreast of developments affecting forests and wildland firefighting policies of the Federal government and the fire problem in the rapidly growing wildland/urban interface areas. This paper looks at two of the major wildfires in 1988 and the policy issues that surrounded them: the Greater Yellowstone Area fires and the '49er' fire that caused more than 20 million dollars in damage in the Gold Rush country of Nevada County, California. Through the years, U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and National Park Service (NPS) fire management policies have taken many forms. An early belief in the importance of suppressing all fires in wildlands evolved into current policies that reflect a basic belief that fire is natural to many wildlands and plays a vital role in the ecology of those lands. The Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) fires provided a crucial test under extreme conditions of NPS and USFS wildfire management policies in effect in 1988. The Interagency Fire Management Policy Review Team was formed to review fire management policies and their implementation during the 1988 fire season. The team found that fire management policies were basically sound, but many of the plans devised for individual forests, parks, and wilderness areas did not conform to national policy guidelines. They recommended that steps be taken to strengthen and ensure operational compliance with those policies."
United States Fire Administration
Rossomando, Christina
1992-04
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AUSA Background Brief No. 42: Special Operations Forces: A Primer
This document brief discusses the makeup and design of Special Operations Forces. A small but critical portion of the Total Force is made up of the SOF of the Army, Navy and Air Force, which are comprised of special operations, psychological operations and civil affairs organizations. Special operations forces are task organized to conduct contingency operations. Special operations forces are designed to augment theater-based force and, in response to a crisis situation, normally operate with an appropriate mix of conventional forces under theater control. Almost all SOF missions require joint planning; also, they are used for missions with allied or coalition forces as well as for a number of ongoing ground missions in many countries.
US Army Institute of Surgical Research
1992-04
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Compulsive Gambling: Background Information for Security Personnel
"This study of compulsive gambling pulls together in one place information useful to personnel security policy-makers, practitioners, and researchers when reviewing standards and procedures, establishing priorities or developing training programs. It focuses on the potential impact of compulsive gambling on U.S. Government security, the growth of gambling in the United States, the prevalence of a small percentage of problem gamblers among the general gambling population, indicators for identifying these problem gamblers, and the relationship between compulsive gambling and other addictions. It also discusses legal considerations and treatment results that may be relevant to adjudication decisions."
Defense Personnel Security Research Center (U.S.)
Heuer, Richards J.
1992-04
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Theater Strategic Appraisal for South America
"U.S. National Security Strategy supports the accomplishment of the following objectives in South America (SA): (1) Deter aggression against our allies and friends in SA in terms of the Rio Treaty; (2) Counter terrorist threats to U.S. citizens and commercial interests in SA short of armed conflict; (3) Prevent, or at least limit, the transfer of militarily critical technologies by Brazil and Argentina, particularly the spread of missile and/or nuclear technology; (4) Reduce the growth and export to the United States of illegal drugs, most notably cocaine, and work with SA governments to combat drug traffickers; (5) maintain access to SA markets and energy/mineral resources; (6) Continue to encourage the development of free-market economies in SA; (7) Achieve cooperative solutions to the environmental challenges of the Amazon Rain Forest, industrial pollution, and exploitation of Antarctica; (8) Establish a more balanced partnership with South American allies, while providing leadership and ensuring hemispheric stability during the transition period; (9) Strengthen the Organization of American States (OAS) to promote diplomatic solutions to regional disputes; (10) Deter regional military powers, such as Brazil, from seeking regional dominance or initiating internecine warfare; (11) Aid in warding off threats to democratic institutions in SA from subversion, insurgencies, military takeover, or lawlessness; and (12) Promote economic development and social/political progress in SA."
Air University (U.S.). Air War College
Gay, Mark P.
1992-04
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National Security Directive 67: Intelligence Capabilities-1992-2005
From the Document: "The NSR-29 [National Security Review-29] assessment of intelligence requirements and capabilities through 2005 is complete. Policy requirements for intelligence support have changed markedly in the past year and more change is inevitable. The priorities reflect a general consensus among policy departments and agencies. A summary of the 1992-2005 requirements is attached. I approve the NSR-29 requirements as a basis for resource management and production priorities. They should be reviewed periodically to ensure continuing relevance to the dynamic world situation and consonance with policy objectives. The DCI [Director of Central Intelligence]'s recommendation to reallocate resources in FY 1993 and beyond is also approved. I expect additional changes will be recommended in the future, and I encourage a continued strong correlation of resource allocation and policy requirements for intelligence."
United States. White House Office
1992-03-30
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Statutory Authority to Contract with the Private Sector for Secure Facilities: Memorandum Opinion for the Director, Federal Bureau of Prisons [March 25, 1992]
"The Federal Bureau of Prisons has statutory authority to contract with the private sector for secure facilities. This memorandum responds to your request for our opinion whether the Federal Bureau of Prisons ('BOP') has statutory authority to contract with the private sector for secure facilities. The General Accounting Office ('GAO') has concluded that BOP lacks such authority; BOP has taken the opposite view. For the reasons explained below, we conclude that BOP has statutory authority to contract with the private sector for secure facilities."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Legal Counsel
1992-03-25
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Drugs and Terror: A Threat to U.S. National Security
"One of the most ominous developments in recent years is the union of drug traffickers and terrorists. This growing problem, called narcoterrorism, threatens U.S. national security. This threat causes corruption at every level of government and society. In 1989 President Bush declared that drug abuse was the gravest domestic problem facing our nation and was a national security threat. There has been little or no improvement since then. Secretary of Defense Cheney has stated that the detection and countering of the production, trafficking, and the use of illicit narcotics is a high priority national security mission of the Department of Defense. The social impact of the widespread drug abuse in the United States, the staggering effect on the economy, and Third World instability all have substantial national security implications. Narcoterrorism links the drug problem with the terrorist problem, and it is an international and domestic security threat."
Army War College (U.S.)
Cantrell, Alvin D.
1992-03-23
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Preserving the U.S. Military Technological Edge: A Long-Term Military-Industrial-Economic Strategy to Expand the U.S. Military Technological Edge into the 21st Century
"A comprehensive military-industrial-economic strategy is critical for improving U.S. defense and industrial abilities to research, develop, and produce advanced systems. Desert Shield and Desert Storm raised concerns about the U.S. capability to produce advanced weapons systems for future combat operations because many critical parts of U.S. weapons are increasingly being designed by foreign companies. U.S. industries appear to have an extremely difficult time transferring early technological leads into profitable, non- defense, commercial products and seem to miss opportunities to produce high technology products for domestic and international consumption, resulting in a further erosion of the U.S. industrial base. The diminished U.S. industrial base, in turn, makes it more difficult for the U.S. to produce weapons systems efficiently and reconstitute combat forces should a large force be required to resolve a crisis. This study focuses on finding a better way for the Department of Defense (DoD), industry, and congress to cooperate toward creating a more viable technological and industrial base to support both national defense and economic interests."
Army War College (U.S.)
Shamess, James M.
1992-03-21
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Executive Order 12793: Continuing the Presidential Service Certificate and the Presidential Service Badge
"The Presidential Service Certificate is hereby continued, the design of which accompanies and is hereby made a part of this order. The Certificate shall be awarded in the name of the President of the United States by the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Navy, the Secretary of the Air Force, or, when the Coast Guard is not operating as a service in the Navy, the Secretary of Transportation."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Bush, George, 1924-
1992-03-20
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Letter to House Armed Services Committee: Senator Dick Cheney, March 17, 1992
"Some of the most important intelligence reforms proposed by the 9-11 Commission, including the creation of a Director of National Intelligence (DNI), might have been adopted over a decade ago if not for the opposition of the Secretary of Defense at the time, Dick Cheney. In a March 1992 letter to Congress, Secretary Cheney defended the status quo and objected to proposed intelligence reform legislation, particularly the DNI position. A companion letter from the DoD General Counsel elaborated on Secretary Cheney's objections, complaining that the intelligence reform proposal would 'give the DNI far more extensive authority and responsibility for program and budget matters than is now exercised by the DCI,' which is indeed the whole point." This letter is the full text of Senator Cheney's comments, as well as commentary on post-Cold War intelligence reform.
United States. Department of Defense
1992-03-17
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Strategic Defense Initiative in a Changing World
"In response to dramatic changes in the global strategic environment, the United States must move from a bipolar to a multipolar defense strategy. Our emerging strategy must concentrate on both global and regional conflicts in which ballistic missiles of varying ranges and weapons of mass destruction may be employed. The proliferation of space and ballistic missile capabilities, especially into the Third World, will directly impact upon the future strategic defense requirements of the United States and its allies. The changing global geo-political situation, along with technology proliferation, will require an effective ballistic missile defense through the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) Program, especially to defend against ballistic missile attack in regional conflict. More importantly, however, the changing global threat will considerably influence future arms-control regimes. This paper analyzes the emerging threat. It focuses on the growing weapons of mass destruction and on proposed redirection of the SDI Program to adequately respond to the proliferation threat. Finally, it reviews how international arms-control regimes can be redirected from an East-West orientation to a broader global focus relative to missile proliferation."
Army War College (U.S.)
Peacock, Jerry E.
1992-03-16
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National Security Directive 66: Civil Defense
National Security Directive (NSD) 66 "reiterates the need and importance of a civil defense program in aiding a national response to a variety of disasters or threats. The directive also mandates that the civil defense program will support the national all hazards plan by: recognizing the authority of states in providing for the safety of their citizens; serving as a intermediary between states and the federal government in terms of hazard response and planning; working with state and local governments to ensure appropriate use of preparedness funds; creating a civil defense infrastructure that can be mobilized to respond to national level emergencies; utilize all appropriate and willing resources and government agencies. FEMA is put in charge of the managing and implementation of the civil defense program, under the guidance of the National Security Council. The directive mandates that the implementation of the civil defense program should include: population protection, crisis management, citizen awareness of threats, business and industry awareness of threats, and voluntary participation of citizens in threat awareness, survivor sustainability, definition and assessment of base response capabilities, and civil defense mobilization. The directive concludes by stating that federal aid will only be distributed in situations where states and localities are unable to deal with the disasters."
United States. White House Office
1992-03-16
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Application of 18 U.S.C. 205 to Proposed 'Master Amici': Memorandum Opinion for the Chief Judge, United States Court of Veterans Appeals [March 12, 1992]
"18 U.S.C. § 205 precludes attorneys in the executive branch from serving as 'master amici' in the Court of Veterans Appeals. You have requested the Department of Justice's opinion whether 18 U.S.C. § 205 would bar an attorney employed in the government from serving as a 'master amicus' in the United States Court of Veterans Appeals. The Attorney General has forwarded your request to our Office. We conclude that an executive branch attorney's service as a master amicus would be prohibited by the statute."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Legal Counsel
1992-03-12
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United States Responses to Excessive National Maritime Claims
"The purpose of this study is to publicize efforts undertaken by the United States Government to preserve and enhance navigation freedoms worldwide. Particularly, this study will focus on the U.S. Freedom of Navigation (FON) Program, begun in 1979 and designed to be a peaceful exercise of the rights and freedoms of navigation and overflight recognized under international law. [...] Under the FON Program the United States undertakes diplomatic action at several levels to preserve its rights under international law. It conducts bilateral consultations with many states stressing the need for and obligation of all states to adhere to customary international law, as reflected in the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS Convention). When appropriate, the United States delivers formal diplomatic protests addressing specific maritime claims that are inconsistent with international law. Since 1948, the United States has filed more than 140 such protests, including more than 110 since the FON Program began. Portions of these notes are reprinted, or cited, in this study. Operations by U.S. naval and air forces designed to emphasize internationally recognized navigational rights and freedoms complement U.S. diplomatic efforts. These assertions of rights and freedoms tangibly exhibit U.S. determination not to acquiesce in excessive claims to maritime jurisdiction by other States."
United States. Department of State. Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs
Smith, Robert W.; Roach, J. Ashley
1992-03-09
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Atmospheric Modeling of the July 1991 Metam Sodium Spill into California's Upper Sacramento River
"The California Office of Emergency Services asked the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Release Advisory Capability (ARAC) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to determine the maximum credible air concentrations from a spill of metam sodium into California's Upper Sacramento River. About 19,000 gallons of metam sodium herbicide were spilled into the river approximately 3 miles north of Dunsmuir, California, due to a tank-car derailment on the night of July 14, 1991. The herbicide moved in the river toward the northernmost finger of California's largest reservoir, Lake Shasta, 45 miles to the south. As it flowed down the deep canyon, the water-soluble metam sodium decomposed into hydrogen sulfide and methylamine gases. Residents along the river were advised to evacuate the area, and a 50-mile stretch of Interstate 5 was temporarily closed Response officials were also concerned that sunlight would readily evaporate the enlarged slick once it arrived into the still water of Lake Shasta on July 16. On July 15, ARAC used its three-dimensional emergency response modeling system to determine the highest instantaneous and 8-hour average air concentrations of toxic gas by-products over upper Lake Shasta. A quick response was possible using on-line topographic and geographic data bases in combination with forecasted southwestern surface winds. The worst-case calculation showed that the gases would be well below any health hazard."
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Baskett, Ronald L.; Nasstrom, John S.; Ellis, James S.
1992-03-05
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Foreign Aid: Police Training and Assistance, Report to Congressional Requesters
In the 1970s, Congress passed legislation prohibiting U.S. agencies from using foreign economic or military assistance funds to aid foreign police. Later, however, Congress granted many exemptions to permit assistance, such as for narcotics control and counterterrorism tactics. GAO could not determine the total extent or cost of U.S. assistance to foreign police because some agencies do not maintain such data. GAO did identify 125 countries that received U.S. training and assistance for their police forces during fiscal year 1990 at a cost of at least $117 million. Former and current U.S. government officials and academics who have been involved with assistance to foreign police forces said that headquarters guidance and coordination of such assistance are limited. Some believe that activities may be inefficiently implemented and unsupportive of overall U.S. policy goals.
United States. General Accounting Office
1992-03-05
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Basic Questions on U.S. Citizenship and Naturalization [March 3, 1992]
"This report answers the following questions: Who is a United States citizen at birth? How does one become a naturalized citizen? Must citizens take loyalty oaths? What is the required period of residency prior to being eligible for citizenship? Is a citizenship revocable? If so, under what circumstances? Finally, are there provisions for dual citizenship? If so, under what circumstances?"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Eig, Larry M.
1992-03-03
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Redefining Security: 2000 and Beyond
"The end of post-World War II, East-West ideological rivalry and military confrontation challenges mature and responsible nations to redefine security interests, objectives, and strategies for the 21st century. Coherent security and defense policies must take into account an increasingly interdependent world whose future physical survival might well depend on preventing the proliferation and use of an increasingly lethal array of weapons of mass destruction. Traditional strategic thinking aimed at countering specific threats, including through nuclear deterrence and strategic defense, will appear increasingly anachronistic to a public bent on reaping peace dividends accruing from the end of the Cold War. This paper argues that mature and responsible nations have no logical or rational alternative but to lead the way toward more 'cooperative' notions of security, based on the complementary principles of power control and war prevention. Nations will be secure to the extent they constrain purely unilateral military efforts and cooperate in the pursuit of mutual security within a suitable framework of internationally binding agreements. Fortifying international justice with cooperative international military power, if necessary, is the ultimate goal of cooperative security, and the essence of a rational security paradigm for the 21st century."
Air University (U.S.). Air War College
Thompson, Wayne C.
1992-03-01
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Comparative Evaluation of Computer Access Controls
From the thesis abstract: "This thesis reports the results of a study which tested participants' abilities to recall five different types of computer passwords. Each participant was assigned in a randomized procedure to one of six response intervals. Recall testing of computer-generated passwords, user-created passwords, passphrases, associative passwords and cognitive passwords was conducted using a computer program which simulated system log-on procedures. This study indicates the relative merits of these five password types are more difficult to distinguish when data are collected in the realistic setting of a log-on simulation instead of via paper surveys, as was done in previous research."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
Pence, Timothy B.
1992-03
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Health Hazard Evaluation Report 89-220-2191; Hertz Car Rental Chicago, Illinois
"On August 16, 1989, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE). This survey was at the Hertz Corporation building near O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. The survey was conducted in response to employees' complaints about the thermal and environmental conditions in the building. The occupants also reported health symptoms including headache, sinus, eye and respiratory problems, and stiff or aching muscles. An industrial hygiene and ventilation evaluation were performed."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Klein, Matthew K.; Bryant, Jeffrey C.
1992-03
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Health Evaluation Report 91-124-2192; U.S. Park Police Washington, D.C.
"On February 20, 1991, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a request from the United States Park Police to evaluate a new indoor range facility at the U.S. Park Police building in Washington, D.C. On April 23-25, 1991, NIOSH investigators conducted an initial survey at the U.S. Park Police indoor firing range in Washington, D.C. Two NIOSH investigators returned on August 6, 1991, to further evaluate the performance of the ventilation system, and again on November 21, 1991, to provide recommendations to modify the ventilation system to improve its performance."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Echt, Alan; Klein, Matthew K.; Reh, Christopher M.
1992-03
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Compilation of Nuclear Safety Criteria Potential Application to DOE Nonreactor Facilities
"This guide is a compilation and source list of nuclear safety criteria primarily used by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and private industry in commercial NNFs. Because the DOE , in some areas of NNF design, construction, operation, and decommissioning has taken the lead in developing NNF criteria, the guide also includes criteria used by the DOE and DOE contractors. Those criteria that are mandated by the DOE Orders shall be used in the design, construction, operation, or decommissioning of DOE NNFs. The remaining nuclear safety criteria listed in the guide should be evaluated by DOE and DOE contractors for application to the DOE-owned NNFs under their cognizance. The criteria listed are those that are applicable to the specific areas of nuclear safety addressed in the Safety Analysis Report of an associated NNF."
United States. Department of Energy
1992-03
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Civilian Demonstrations Near the Military Installation: Restraints on Military Surveillance and Other Intelligence Activities
"Anti-war and anti-military demonstrations have occurred during every modern conflict. When such demonstrations are anticipated outside an installation, the commander wants to know as much as possible about any potential threat to installation facilities, personnel, or operations. Unfortunately, internal military procedures for obtaining the desired information are inconsistent and confusing. Commanders attempting to follow this guidance may collect and retain information in violation of the Privacy Act and the First Amendment. To cure these problems, this thesis proposes significant changes to an existing Department of Defense Directive."
Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School (United States. Army)
Peterson, Paul M.
1992-03
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Design and Implementation of ZTRAX: A Training, Readiness and Flight Hour Relational Database Management Tracking System
"In an era of diminishing budgets, information technology must help direct operational commanders in the maximum utilization of their available resources. The institution of a relational database management system to identify and exploit an organization's strengths will aid in keeping forces combat ready at all times. The design and implementation of ZTRAX; a training, readiness and flight hour relational database management system. ZTRAX is expected to provide historical information of home and deployed, operational and training flight evolutions which will aid in the process of training and readiness planning. The ZTRAX application was implemented in November, 1991 and is a menu driven program which permits the addition, editing and querying of data contained on two source documents; the Monthly Training and Readiness Report and the Monthly Flight Hour Report. Ztrax is run concurrently from within the Paradox program to permit a vast array of ad hoc queries, reports and the importation of graphical display mechanisms. [...] Chapter II will detail the design of the RDBMS. Chapter III discusses implementation of the RDBMS [relational database
software application] and its interaction with other commercial software applications for graphical representation purposes. The users manual is contained in Appendix E. Chapter IV discusses the issue of computer security and its relevance to all microcomputer operations. Chapter V provides recommendations and conclusions for the use of a relational database management system to provide accurate and timely readiness and training information. Appendix A-E will provide the data input documents, object diagrams, object definitions, domain definitions and the users manual, respectfully."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
Hodgkins, Richard E.
1992-03
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Alert Series: Kuwait: Human Rights after February 28, 1991 [Draft]
"On February 28, 1991, allied military forces ousted an occupying Iraqi army from Kuwait. Since that time, it has been reported that three principal groups appear to be facing or have faced either discrimination or human rights violations. First, numerous human rights abuses against suspected Iraqi collaborators, including executions, were reported during the period March through May 1991. A State Security Court was the official apparatus responsible for trying suspected collaborators, having taken this responsibility from the dissolved martial-law courts. Many suspected collaborators remained in prison for extended periods although all death sentences were commuted to life in prison when martial law was lifted in June 1991. Second, as part of an attempt to abate a perceived potential security threat, Kuwait has made re-entry nearly impossible for Palestinians and others who fled during the Gulf War, some of whom have 'habitually resided' in Kuwait. Of those remaining in Kuwait, accounts of Palestinians and Bedoons (stateless individuals) facing official harassment and deportation, some in possible violation of international law, have been reported. Third, supporters of a pro-parliament movement have been violently suppressed and many of its supporters, including exparliamentarians, have been arrested or detained."
INS Resource Information Center
1992-03
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Aviation Research: Information on Funding, Staffing, and Timing of FAA's Research Projects, Fact Sheet for Congressional Requesters
Although the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is spending billions to modernize the air traffic control system, accommodating increased air travel and maintaining air safety continue to pose long-term challenges. To help FAA meet these challenges, recent legislation requires the agency to allocate at least 15 percent of its Research, Engineering, and Development Program funding to long-term research for fiscal years 1989 and 1990. In light of congressional oversight of FAA's fiscal year 1993 budget request, GAO studied the agency's research programs. This fact sheet provides information on project funding, staffing, and scheduling data for fiscal years 1988-91. GAO summarized this report in testimony before Congress; see: Aviation Research: Progress Has Been Made but Several Factors Will Affect Program Success, by Kenneth M. Mead, Director of Transportation Issues, before the Subcommittee on Technology and Competitiveness, House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. GAO/T-RCED-92-39, Mar. 10, 1992 (14 pages).
United States. General Accounting Office
1992-02-28
