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• Pick-Sloan Project, Oversight Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Water and Power Resources of the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, May 2, 1996

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  This is the May 2, 1996 oversight hearing on "Pick-Sloan Project," held before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Water and Power Resources of the Committee on Resources. From the opening statement of John T. Doolittle: "The Subcommittee is meeting today to hold an oversight hearing on the Pick-Sloan Project Repayment Issues. [...] It turns out that there are longstanding concerns that certain repayment costs are not being recouped because they have been allocated to irrigation features of the program that will never be built. Last December, I asked the General Accounting Office to examine the cost allocations of the Pick-Sloan Program, and I look forward to hearing their findings today." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Patricia J. Beneke, Thomas Donnelly, Bruce C. Driver, Victor S. Rezendes, James M. Shafer, Neil Stessman, and Ward Uggerud.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• U.S.-Puerto Rico Political Status Act, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Native American and Insular Affairs of the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session on H.R. 3024 to Provide a Process Leading to Full Self-Government for Puerto Rico, March 23, 1996

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  This is the March 23, 1996 hearing on "U.S. - Puerto Rico Political Status Act" held before the Subcommittee on Native American and Insular Affairs Pf the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives. From the opening statement of Don Young: "Congress is given the responsibility for territories. According to Article IV, 'The Congress shall have the power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States.' In the Congress, it is the Committee on Resources of the House that has jurisdiction for those territories. In other words, the buck stops here. I know from experience that territorial issues can be difficult to resolve. When the Legislature of Puerto Rico enacted Concurrent Resolution 62, asking the 104th Congress to respond to the results of the 1993 status plebiscite, and to indicate the next steps necessary for Puerto Rico to resolve the status issue, I realized we should base a legislative proposal on the proven successes of this century. If you'll look at the display behind me, there have been 10 areas under the sovereignty or control of the United States during the 20th century which have attained permanent self government. Five of these became separate sovereigns, as either independent or freely associated States; and the other five territories became States of the Union." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Roberto Buso Aboy, Hector Luis Acevedo, Herbert W. Brown, Pilar Barbosa De Rosario, Antonia J . Fas-Alzamora, Luis A. Ferre, Juan M. Garcia-Passalacqua, Wilson M. Loubriel, Ruben Berrios Martinez, Noel Colon Martinez, Angel Israel Rivera Ortiz, Miriam J. Ramirez de Ferrer, Pedro Rossello, and Luis Vega-Romos.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Leveraging National Oceanographic Capabilities, Joint Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment of the Committee on Science and the Subcommittee on Military Research and Development of the Committee on National Security and the Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife and Oceans of the Committee on Resources, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, January 25, 1996

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  This is the January 25, 1996 joint hearing on "Leveraging National Oceanographic Capabilities," held before the House Subcommittee on Energy and Environment of the Committee on Science and the Subcommittee on Military Research and Development of the Committee on National Security and the Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife and Oceans of the Committee on Resources. From the opening statements of Curt Weldon: "We know much about the oceans, but at the same time, we know very little. Within the scientific community and certainly now in the Department of Defense, we have the latest powerful supercomputers, sensors and analytical tools that can unravel the oceans' secrets to further aid and strengthen our defense, understand world weather problems, predict sea life behavior, protect the environment, and develop the potential to generate new, improved industries that rely on the oceans. [...] In particular, we should focus on: finding reasons for the decline of world-wide fisheries; understanding our paucity of ocean industrial endeavors; maintaining the environmental health of our oceans and tributaries; and exploring ways to prevent certain countries from continuing to use the oceans as a dumping ground for nuclear and other toxic wastes." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Robert D. Ballard, Bruce Alberts, Neal Lane, D. James Baker, Jeremy M. Boorda, Paul G. Gaffney, Robert A. Frosch, and James D. Watkins.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Committee Print: Terrorism--Looking Ahead: Issues and Options for Congress, Proceedings of a Seminar Held by the Congressional Research Service, December 7, 1995, Report Prepared for the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, U.S. House of Representatives, by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. July 1996

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  This report was compiled by the Congressional Research Service on behalf of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. From the report: "Some months ago, the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence requested that the Congressional Research Service conduct a seminar on terrorism. The Committee chose to focus on two key elements of this subject of particular concern to Congress--the changing nature of the terrorist threat and possible legislative and other actions that should be considered by Congress in order to improve the U.S. response to terrorism. [...] The counterterrorist activities of the United States government include intelligence collection and dissemination, security, law enforcement, foreign policy and military response. The seminar participants begin the session with a discussion of the mission and responsibilities of their respective agencies. From there, a number of current policy approaches are presented. Assessments are made of legislative proposals that have been before Congress, and of laws currently in place. The seminar participants offer a wide range of possible programmatic, legislative and policy options to combat terrorism or that might alter the environment that produces terrorist activity. A number of these measures go beyond the usual solutions that have been offered in the past."

  United States. Government Printing Office

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  1996
• Security of FBI Background Files, July 17, 1996, Hearing before the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, July 17, 1996

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  From the opening statement of William F. Clinger, Jr.: "Over the past month, the White House has provided several conflicting explanations about how it obtained hundreds of FBI [Federal Bureau of Investigation]background files in the fall of 1993 and the winter of 1994. The FBI Director has acknowledged that these were, in his words, egregious violations of privacy. The White House initially released statements from Craig Livingstone's attorney claiming that these activities of Livingstone and Marceca were all an, quote, innocent mistake. Why did the White House so quickly endorse the explanations of Mr. Livingstone and Mr. Marceca before getting all of the facts? […] Why would the White House scapegoat the Secret Service for what seems to me abundantly clear, to cover its own shortcomings? Whatever the reason for the White House's assorted and conflicting explanations of the past month, it is clear that the Secret Service wasn't at fault, as evidenced by Craig Livingstone's own statement to Special Agent Arnold Cole, who is with us this morning, which he made on June 7, when he said, 'We just wanted you guys to know that we weren't blaming the Secret Service. Using an old list was our fault, and we had the current stuff you guys gave us. I don't know what happened.' That is sworn testimony from a decorated Secret Service agent." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: William F. Clinger, Jr., John Libonati, Jeffrey Undercoffer, Arnold Cole, and Dan Burton.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Illicit Drug Availability: Are Interdiction Efforts Hampered by a Lack of Agency Resources? Hearings before the Subcommittee on National Security, International Affairs, and Criminal Justice of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, June 27 and 28, 1995

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  From the opening statement of William H. Zeliff: "This hearing is to continue our review of the President's national drug control strategy. Over the next 2 days, we will focus on the availability of illegal drugs in our Nation and the effectiveness of current drug interdiction efforts. In my view, no problem is of greater significance to the Nation than illegal drugs. No American citizen is untouched by this national security threat. The influence of illegal drugs and violent drug cartels is painfully visible in the rise of street violence, domestic abuse, urban family breakup, medical costs for crack babies, AIDS, gunshot wounds, drug abuse treatment and overdoses. Illegal drugs suck up- an estimated $50 billion out of the U.S. economy every year. Illegal drugs are now linked to roughly 80 percent of the Nation's prison population. Illegal drugs rip at the Nation's moral fiber, and their influence cries out for action by our Nation's leaders. I dodge no bullets. This responsibility is ours in Congress as much as it is the President's. But with drug availability and drug use increasing sharply across the board in all age categories over the last 3 years, especially among our Nation's young children, we must act as a Nation now. [...] Today and tomorrow we will hear from the agency heads leading the interdiction effort and see demonstrations, including drug-sniffing dogs, which will come up shortly, and state-of-the-art technology." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Jane E. Becker, Thomas Constantine, Joseph Kelley, Robrt E. Kramek, Brian Sheridan, Michael Taylor, Willie Brown, Lan Bui, George Weise, William F. Clinger Jr., Cardiss Collins, and William H. Zeliff.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Security of FBI Background Files June 26, 1996, Hearing before the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, June 26, 1996

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  From the opening statement of William F. Clinger, Jr.: "Last week in our hearing, we learned the care and process that was followed in order to ensure the confidentiality of these sensitive files. We also learned that this work was not handed over to political operatives, or detailees from outside agencies and certainly not to 18-year-old interns with no security clearances. The White House is at the center of policies and debates that may determine matters of life or death, war or peace. For the past 30 years, the White House has engaged in a careful process of security clearances and background checks on individuals to determine their suitability and stability for positions at the White House and throughout the executive branch. The clearance and background process is designed to protect the security of the President as well as the national security of the country. One only has to recall the case of Aldrich Ames to realize what kind of problems can spring from a lack of vigilance in security matters. But as important as it is to have good procedures in place to guard against breaches of security, the people who operate such procedures must be carefully selected and above reproach." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Craig Livingstone, Anthony Marceca, Lisa Wetzl, Bernard W. Nussbaum, Dan Burton, William F. Clinger Jr., Benjamin A. Gilman, Craig Livingstone, Constance A. Morella, and William H. Zeliff, Jr.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Members' Forum on Immigration: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Immigration and Claims of the Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, May 24, 1995

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  From the opening statement of Hon. Lamar Smith, a Representative in Congress from the State of Texas, and Chairman, Subcommittee on Immigration and Claims: "Immigration is a subject that I think all of us have come to recognize as a subject that really is on the tip of the tongue of many people in the United States. I know of few other issues that so directly impact as many people and perhaps every member of our society as does immigration, and more specifically, the subject of immigration reform. This meeting today sort of continues our ongoing conversation about the subject, through of course today we are going to do more listening than talking because we are eager to hear what our colleagues in Congress have to say. But on the subject of immigration, I was just going to recount for you an indication of why I think immigration is not only such an important issue, but also why it is important to so many people." Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the hearing include those of the following: Anthony C. Beilenson, Brian P. Bilbray, Ronald D. Coleman, Mark Foley, Porter J. Goss, Y. Tim Hutchinson, Jay Kim, Zoe Lofgren, William J. Martini, Patsy T. Mink, Susan Molinari, Ronald Packard, Own B. Pickett, Dana Rohrabacher, Andrea H. Seastrand, Esteban Edward Torres, and Robert A. Underwood.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Security of FBI Background Files, August 1, 1996, Hearing, before the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, August 1, 1996

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  From the opening statement of William F. Clinger, Jr.: "Back in the wake of the May 1993 Travel Office firings and the White House's struggle to explain why it had called in the FBI [Federal Bureau of Investigation] to investigate the employees, the White House called the FBI Communications Director to the White House for a press strategy meeting. Mr. Collingwood amended the FBI statement and the White House promptly reported the FBI was initiating a criminal investigation. The White House and the FBI were properly chastised by Congress, the press and subsequent reviews of this matter for this abuse of the FBI. Justice Department spokesman Carl Stern in a memo written in May 1993 observed, 'once Collingwood arrived at the White House and found the President's lawyers, (three of them!) attending the communications huddle, shouldn't he have backed out and called for reinforcements?' Even at that time, the administration's Justice Department spokesman recognized the FBI needed reinforcements to resist politicization by this White House. Upon taking the reins at the FBI, Director Freeh observed, quote, I want to cite the lessons that must be learned from an event that occurred shortly before I became FBI Director. It concerned a White House official calling directly to the FBI with instructions to investigate alleged wrongdoing by employees in the White House Travel Office. It was an unfortunate incident and an example of matters that we will avoid at all costs." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Howard M. Shapiro, Vernon R. Thornton, Thomas Kelley, Peggy Larson, Dan Burton, William F. Clinger Jr., and Henry A. Waxman.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Combating Domestic Terrorism, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Crime of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, May 3, 1995

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  From the opening statement of Bill McCollum: "Let me begin by saying that less than one month ago in this very room the members of this subcommittee participated in a full Judiciary Committee hearing on the issue of terrorism. We discussed the real potential of terrorism in the United States and the devastating consequences of such crime. We didn't know then that in a matter of days a peaceful and pleasant city in the heart of America would be forever scarred by ruthless acts of violence that we call terrorism. The number of lives claimed by the car bomb in Oklahoma City is so large it overwhelms us: over 140 deaths, with still many missing, many never to be truly accounted for because of the force of the blast. The extent of the suffering and the loss is incomprehensible. In the wake of this tragedy, there are those who would express skepticism about congressional hearings and legislation involving terrorism. They would dismiss such efforts as just politicians playing to the public sense of fear and vulnerability. Let me be very clear to those who hold such a view: government has an absolute duty to protect its citizens from terrorism and all other forms of violent crime. This chairman will not rest until he's assured that everything within our power is done to avoid the destruction we have witnessed in the past few weeks from ever happening again." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Bill McCollum, William M. Baker, William P. Barr, Louis J. Freech, Ira Glasser, Jamie S. Girelick, Thomas Halpern, Brent L. Smith, George J. Terwilliger, III, William H. Webster, Sheila Jackson Lee, Steve Chabot, Ed Bryant, Ronald K. Noble, Gerald H. Goldstein, and Daniel J. Bryant.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Interior Department Review and Budget, Oversight Hearing Before the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, April 24, 1996

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  This is the April 24, 1996 hearing on the "Interior Department Review and Budget," held before the U.S. House Committee on Resources. From the opening statement of Don Young: "The committee meets this afternoon to review and discuss the Interior Department's fiscal year 1997 budget with Secretary Babbitt. It is good to have him here. I know that members of both sides will want to discuss many matters related to programs and activities of the Department." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Bruce Babbitt.

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  1996
• 1995 Volcanic Activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of Events and Response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory

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  "The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) responded to eruptive activity or suspected volcanic activity (SVA) at 6 volcanic centers in 1995 (tables 1, 2): Mount Martin (Katmai Group), Mount Veniaminof, Shishaldin, Makushin, Kliuchef/Korovin, and Kanaga. Of these, AVO has a realtime, continuously recording seismic network only at the Katmai Group. The remaining unmonitored volcanoes are located in sparsely populated and uninhabited areas of the Alaska Peninsula and the Aleutian Islands (fig. 1). For these volcanoes, the AVO monitoring program relies mainly on pilot reports, observations of local residents and ship crews, and analysis of satellite images. The phrase 'suspected volcanic activity', used to characterize several responses, is an eruption report or report of unusual activity that is subsequently determined to be normal or enhanced fumarolic activity, weather-related phenomena, or a non-volcanic event. In addition to responding to eruptive activity at Alaska volcanoes, AVO also disseminated information for the Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) on the 1995 eruptions of 2 Russian volcanoes--Bezymianny and Karymsky (fig. 6; table 3). This report summarizes volcanic activity in Alaska during 1995 and the AVO response, as well as information on the 2 Kamchatkan eruptions."

  United States. Department of the Interior; Geological Survey (U.S.)

  McGimsey, Robert G.; Neal, Christina, 1959-

  1996
• Statewide Floods in Pennsylvania, January 1996

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  "Rivers and streams throughout Pennsylvania (fig. 1) experienced major flooding during January 1996. Flood stages (water-surface heights) and discharges (flows) in many of the Commonwealth's waterways were measured by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and approached or exceeded record levels established during previous floods. Setting the stage for the flooding was an unusually cold beginning to the winter of 1995-96, which resulted in the early formation of ice in streams statewide. The anomaly of early ice was followed by a sequence of unusual meteorological events in January 1996, which, in many areas, resulted in the most widespread and severe flooding since that produced by tropical storm Agnes in June 1972. Locally, the flooding was the worst since August 1955 and, in some areas, since March 1936. In approximately 50 localities throughout Pennsylvania, flood effects were magnified when ice jams caused temporary damming of stream channels, resulting in the rapid rise of water levels and the subsequent overflow of water and ice onto flood plains. During the floods, the USGS collected stream-stage information on a near real-time basis at 189 stream flow-gaging stations across the Commonwealth. This information was used by various Federal, State, and local agencies to prepare flood forecasts and develop plans for emergency response."

  United States. Department of the Interior; Geological Survey (U.S.)

  1996
• 100-Year Flood

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  "Rivers across the Nation seem to be rising to record flood levels almost every year. In Washington, more than one 100-year flood has happened on a few rivers in just the past several years. How can 100-year floods happen so often? The term '100-year flood' is misleading because it leads people to believe that it happens only once every 100 years. The truth is that an uncommonly big flood can happen any year. The term '100-year flood' is really a statistical designation, and there is a 1-in-100 chance that a flood this size will happen during any year. Perhaps a better term would be the '1-in-100 chance flood.' The actual number of years between floods of any given size varies a lot. Big floods happen irregularly because the climate naturally varies over many years. We sometimes get big floods in successive or nearly successive years with several very wet years in a row."

  Geological Survey (U.S.)

  1996
• January 1996 Floods Deliver Large Loads of Nutrients and Sediment to the Chesapeake Bay

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  "The Blizzard of 1996 struck the Mid-Atlantic region in January, depositing a record amount of snowfall. Within two weeks of the paralyzing blizzard, warm and extremely humid air entered the region, followed by a major rainstorm. The combination of warm, humid air and heavy rainfall melted the snow at an unprecedented rate. In just over one day, two to five inches of water from snowmelt combined with two to five inches of rainfall, resulting in widespread major flooding throughout the Mid-Atlantic region, including the Chesapeake Bay watershed (Figure 1). The January 1996 storm caused severe flooding on many Chesapeake Bay tributaries. As a result of the flooding, large amounts of nutrients and sediment entered the Bay. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) monitored the amount of streamflow, nutrients, and sediment that entered the Chesapeake Bay as a result of the flood. This information is used to evaluate the effect of hydrologic events of this magnitude on the Bay's health and living resources."

  Geological Survey (U.S.)

  Zynjuk, Linda D.; Majedi, Brenda Feit

  1996
• Earthquake Technology Fights Crime

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  "Scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey have adapted their methods for quickly finding the exact source of an earthquake to the problem of locating gunshots. On the basis of this work, a private company is now testing an automated gunshot-locating system in a San Francisco Bay area community. This system allows police to rapidly pinpoint and respond to illegal gunfire, helping to reduce crime in our neighborhoods."

  United States. Department of the Interior; Geological Survey (U.S.)

  1996
• 1996 Preliminary Broadcast News Benchmark Tests

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  "This paper documents use of Broadcast News test materials in DARPA-sponsored Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) Benchmark Tests conducted late in 1996. In this year's tests, the source materials were broadened to incorporate both television and radio news broadcasts. A form of 'partitioned evaluation' (PE) testing was implemented for the first time. At three sites, an additional testing protocol--similar to that used in last year's 'Dry Run' tests [1]--was used, now termed an 'Unpartitioned Evaluation' (UE). Participants in these tests included nine groups at eight sites: BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge University (two groups), Carnegie Mellon University, IBM, LIMSI, New York University, Rutgers University, and SRI International."

  National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)

  Przybocki, Mark; Fiscus, Jonathan G.; Pallett, David S.

  1996
• Hate Crime Statistics 1996

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  "This edition of Hate Crime Statistics is the latest presentation in this series aimed at better equipping law enforcement to handle the complex and difficult challenge of dealing with hate crime. The total number of hate crime incidents reported to the FBI in 1996 was 8,759. The FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program has been collecting statistics on crimes motivated by a bias against a race, religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity/national origin since 1992 and against a disability since 1994."

  United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation

  1996
• Weapon Systems: United States Army 1996

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  "The Army continues to evolve, parlaying fewer resources into an improved capability to respond to contemporary and future threats to national and international security. Force XXI is the term used to describe how the United States Army of the 21st century will prevail both in total war, and in low intensity conflict, anywhere in the world. Force XXI will be well equipped for its growing leadership role outside of direct armed confrontation, including peace keeping, counter terrorism, counter proliferation, and disaster relief. Adapting to force reduction, the Army is using is using cutting edge technology as a strength multiplier. Force XXI's decisive materiel advantage on the battlefield will be derived from the combined effectiveness of weapons, information, and communication systems. These systems will be integrated through a C4I structure that will maximize flexibility, response, lethality, and reaction speed, while minimizing collateral damage and civilian casualties. The weapons systems the Army is choosing to develop are critical to the realization of Force XXI. This book outlines the Army's major weapons systems and provides the context for understanding where each system fits in the integrated approach for Force XXI."

  United States. Department of the Army

  1996
• FEMA Good Ideas Book

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  "This 'Good Ideas Book' was designed for program organizers -- emergency managers, leaders of citizen groups and voluntary agencies, individual volunteers and others who promote disaster preparedness. At the February 1995 Family Disaster Preparedness Conference held in Emmitsburg, Maryland, attendees expressed the need for an organizers guide complete with outreach ideas, resources and materials. This book was developed to fill that need. Inside you will find ideas, materials and 'how to' steps for a variety of outreach activities -- some simple for the first-time organizer, and some more complex for those able to spend the time to develop multi-faceted outreach efforts."

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  1996
• United States and South America - Where Do We Go From Here

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  This document explores United States' policy in South America and asks the questions, "What are our national interests in the region? Where are our neighbors to the south headed? Is it our policy to help them chart their course? Do we have the means to do it?" Specifically addressed are the war against drugs and drug trafficking from Latin America to the United States, "the possible failures of current representational regimes in the region which could place in jeopardy the future of freely elected democratic governments in several states, and the existence of tariff and non-tariff barriers to trade between all countries, not only intracontinental but globally as well." The authors discuss the import of the contents of President Clinton's National Drug Control Strategy, and point to Columbia, Peru, and Bolivia as points of interest. Difficulties in changing the policies of these governments and populations are explained by economic, social, and human rights problems within individual countries. Links between democratic governance and market economies without trade barriers are illustrated by the Mexican Peso crisis and its ramifications for the region. The document then outlines ideal policy objectives for the United States in Latin America.

  National War College (U.S.)

  Cain, Jeff; Piascik, Lisa; Lepper, Michael J.

  1996
• Why the United States Must Deploy a National Missile Defense

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  This document discusses the need for a National Missile Defense (NMD), explaining that Operation Desert Storm provided the impetus for the "intelligence community to reevaluate the threat posed by ballistic missiles and their potential nuclear, biological, and chemical payloads. This reexamination was the catalyst for President Bush's redirection of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) […] in January 1991." The change in policy illustrated "the transition from a Cold War National Security Strategy of containment and deterrence through Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD), or mutual vulnerability, to a post-Cold War strategy of deterrence and defense." President Clinton, however, has not implemented steps necessary to achieve a National Missile Defense system. "This analysis presents the three most common justifications for the Administration's [sic] to not deploy an NMD system, demonstrates the weakness of each, and recommends changes to current policy." Hoene presents the three reasons for the lack of a NMD as (1) the Administration's disregard for missile threats; (2) the existence of the Anti-Ballistic Missile treaty; (3) a suspicion that a successful NMD system is impossible to create. The author then debunks each justification and recommends altering the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, as well as funding and developing an NMD system.

  National War College (U.S.)

  Hoene, Peter F.

  1996
• Strategic Assessment 1996: Instruments of U.S. Power

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  This strategic assessment discusses unconventional, classical, emerging military instruments as well as countering weapons of mass destruction. Other topics include arms control, defense engagement in peacetime, peace operations and humanitarian support, economics and diplomacy.

  National Defense University. Institute for National Strategic Studies

  1996
• Effectiveness of the National Drug Control Strategy and the Status of the Drug War, Hearings before the National, Security, International Affairs, and Criminal Justice Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, March 9 and April 6, 1995

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  From the opening statement of William Zeliff: "This hearing is to review the President's national drug control strategy and assess where we are in the drug war. Before sharing some key facts with you, I want to welcome our very distinguished witnesses, especially our former First Lady, Nancy Reagan. What brings us together today, those of us who care deeply about this issue, is a concern that transcends party affiliation. What I'm talking about is an increasing sense of heartbreak and frustration. For more than a decade, drug use was falling. We were making progress. We had a policy that worked, and it was rooted in locally created and accountable prevention programs, strong Presidential leadership, and a commitment to intercepting or interdicting drug traffickers before they permeated our borders. In the late 1980's, interdiction efforts reduced the inflow of many drugs and kept their prices high. At the same time, accountable prevention efforts changed attitudes. Kids recognized the enormous risk associated with drug use, and our efforts bore fruit." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Lee Brown, Benjamin Gilman, Nancy Reagan, John P. Walters, Paul A. Yost Jr., William J. Bennett, Robert C. Bonner, William F. Clinger Jr., Cardiss Collins, James Copple, Benjamin Gilman, Bobby Heard, Thomas A. Hedrick Jr., Charles B. Rangel, Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, Louise Slaughter, and Karen L. Thurman.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1996
• Watermark: National Flood Insurance Program, Fall/Winter 1996

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  "The news publication for the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) that features updates, technical assistance, and additional flood-related articles for insurance agents, public officials, lenders, and other NFIP stakeholders." This issue includes articles on the campaign to increase flood insurance purchasing, lender compliance, and recent program changes.

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  1996
• Watermark: National Flood Insurance Program, Spring/Summer 1996

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  "The news publication for the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) that features updates, technical assistance, and additional flood-related articles for insurance agents, public officials, lenders, and other NFIP stakeholders." This issue includes articles on lender compliance, program simplification, and the community rating system.

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  1996
• TAB J SECTION 2: Summary of the National Contingency Plan for Response to Unusual Marine Mammal Mortality Events

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  "The Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Act required the preparation of a contingency plan for response to unusual marine mammal mortality events. The contingency plan includes all costal regions of the United States and the adjacent waters under United States jurisdiction. It addresses all species of marine mammals. With the exceptions noted below, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) is primarily responsible for response to mortality events involving cetaceans and pinnipeds (excluding walrus), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) is primarily responsible for sea otters, walrus, manatees, and polar bears. Depending on the circumstances, other units of government may have responsibilities. As an example, if a mortality event should create a serious public health problem, a variety of other local, state, and Federal agencies would have responsibilities. Because approaches for determining the cause of an event--collecting, preserving, and analyzing tissues--are likely to be similar among the range of species, the contingency plan provides a general outline, with species differences highlighted only when appropriate. The species-specific approach is most appropriate for rehabilitating live animals (Dierauf, 1990). For example, the physical facilities needed to care for pinnipeds are less complicated than those needed for cetaceans or polar bears."

  United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; United States. Department of Commerce

  WIlkinson, Dean M.

  1996
• TAB F SECTION 19: Summary of the National Contingency Plan for Response to Unusual Marine Mammal Mortality Events

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  "The Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Act required the preparation of a contingency plan for response to unusual marine mammal mortality events. The contingency plan includes all costal regions of the United States and the adjacent waters under United States jurisdiction. It addresses all species of marine mammals. With the exceptions noted below, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) is primarily responsible for response to mortality events involving cetaceans and pinnipeds (excluding walrus), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) is primarily responsible for sea otters, walrus, manatees, and polar bears. Depending on the circumstances, other units of government may have responsibilities. As an example, if a mortality event should create a serious public health problem, a variety of other local, state, and Federal agencies would have responsibilities. Because approaches for determining the cause of an event--collecting, preserving, and analyzing tissues--are likely to be similar among the range of species, the contingency plan provides a general outline, with species differences highlighted only when appropriate. The species-specific approach is most appropriate for rehabilitating live animals (Dierauf, 1990). For example, the physical facilities needed to care for pinnipeds are less complicated than those needed for cetaceans or polar bears."

  United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; United States. Department of Commerce

  WIlkinson, Dean M.

  1996
• National Transportation Safety Board 1995 Annual Report to Congress

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  "The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent agency charged with determining the 'probable cause' of transportation accidents and promoting transportation safety. The Board investigates accidents, conducts safety studies, evaluates the effectiveness of other government agencies' programs for preventing transportation accidents, and reviews appeals of enforcement actions involving airman and seaman certificates and civil penalties by the Federal Aviation Administration and the U.S. Coast Guard. To help prevent accidents, the NTSB develops safety recommendations, based on its investigations and studies, which are issued to federal, state and local government agencies, and to industry and other organizations in a position to improve transportation safety. These recommendations are the focal point of the Board's efforts to improve safety in the nation's transportation system."

  United States. National Transportation Safety Board

  1996?
• Patterns of Global Terrorism: 1996

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  Terrorism in 1996 continued to cause grave concern and disruption in scores of countries. Combating this menace remains a very high priority for the United States and many other nations. But finding clear "patterns" in this form of political violence is becoming more difficult. The Department of State's annual Patterns of Olobal Terrorism focuses primarily on international terrorism involving citizens or territory of two or more states. It also describes but does not provide statistics on domestic terrorism abroad, which is an even more widespread phenomenon. The number of international terrorist incidents has fallen, from a peak of 665 in 1987, to 296 in 1996, a 25-year low. Moreover, about two-thirds of these attacks were minor acts of politically motivated violence against commercial targets, which caused no deaths and few casualties. Yet while the incidence of international terrorism has dropped sharply in the last decade, the overall threat of terrorism remains very serious. The death toll from acts of international terrorism rose from 163 in 1995 to 311 in 1996, as the trend continued toward more ruthless attacks on mass civilian targets and the use of more powertul bombs. The threat of terrorist use of materials of mass destruction is an issue of growing concern, although few such attempts or attacks have actually occurred. Finally, domestic terrorism, in countries such as Algeria, India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan, appears to be growing and is more serious, in gross terms, than international terrorism. It is clear, in any case, that the damage to society from terrorism is very high, and not just in terms of the dead and wounded. Terrorism, by definition, is aimed at a wider audience than its immediate victims. Terrorists proved again in 1996 that they can command a worldwide audience for their crimes and cause great disruption, fear, and economic damage.

  United States. Department of State

  1996