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Trip Report - Midwest Flood Health Task Force Meeting, 3-4 Aug 93
"At the request of DOMS, Forces Command participated in a coordination and planning meeting hosted by Public Health Service (PHs) in St. Louis, Missouri on 3 and 4 August 1993. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss issues of primary care, disease control, food safety, environmental health and to develop a coordinated program to provide flood reliefThe attendees were divided into four groups or technical workshops and tasked to develop coordinated programs to support flood victims. Each workshop had representation from each state with technical experts on the issue task to review. Workshops were task to determine common things that could be done in each state, such as vector control, to reduce duplication among the states."
United States. Department of the Air Force
1993-08-06
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Final Report of the Independent Counsel for Iran/Contra Matters
From the Executive Summary: "In October and November 1986, two secret US. Government operations were publicly exposed, potentially implicating Reagan Administration officials in illegal activities. These operations were the provision of assistance to the military activities of the Nicaraguan contra rebels during an October 1984 to October 1986 prohibition on such aid, and the sale of U.S. arms to Iran in contravention of stated U.S. policy and in possible violation of arms-export controls. In late November 1986, Reagan Administration officials announced that some of the proceeds from the sale of U.S. arms to Iran had been diverted to the contras. [...] The investigations and prosecutions have shown that high-ranking Administration officials violated laws and executive orders in the Iran/contra matter."
United States. White House Office; National Security Council (U.S.)
Walsh, Lawrence E.
1993-08-04
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Public Law 103-62: Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
"An Act to provide for the establishment of strategic planning and performance measurement Aug. 3, 1993 in the Federal Government, and for other purposes." The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (the Results Act) focuses on federal management and accountability with the emphasis on the outcomes and results that programs are achieving. The Results Act established a legislative framework for having agencies 1) set strategic goals; 2) establish annual goals and measure performance; and 3) report on the degree to which goals were met.
United States. Government Printing Office
1993-08-03
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Security Awareness, Training and Education (SATE) Program
This document contains information and guidance for the implementation of the Coast Guard Security Awareness, Training and Education (SATE) Program. The document includes an introduction, program implementation procedures, and information regarding security briefings.
United States. Coast Guard
1993-08-03
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Executive Order 12856: Federal Compliance with Right-to-Know Laws and Pollution Prevention Requirements
Executive Order 12856 was enacted in order to: "Ensure that all Federal agencies conduct their facility management and acquisition activities so that, to the maximum extent practicable, the quantity of toxic chemicals entering any wastestream, including any releases to the environment, is reduced as expeditiously as possible through source reduction; that waste that is generated is recycled to the maximum extent practicable; and that any wastes remaining are stored, treated or disposed of in a manner protective of public health and the environment; Require Federal agencies to report in a public manner toxic chemicals entering any wastestream from their facilities, including any releases to the environment, and to improve local emergency planning, response, and accident notification, and; Help encourage markets for clean technologies and safe alternatives to extremely hazardous substances or toxic chemicals through revisions to specifications and standards, the acquisition and procurement process, and the testing of innovative pollution prevention technologies at Federal facilities or in acquisitions."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Clinton, Bill, 1946-
1993-08-03
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In the Aftermath of War: US Support for Reconnaissance and Nation-Building in Panama Following Just Cause
"In a more benign post-cold war international system, where no threat approaches that of the former Soviet Union, the rationale for the use of US military power cannot be based solely on the national interest. It will have to reflect concern with and support for such issues as self-determination, democratization, human rights, and economic development. The United States must have a post-conflict reconstruction assistance policy that contributes to a positive consolidation of the situation and that promotes developments seen as contributing to stability and positive change. The use of force without a policy for the post-conflict situation will be politically precarious. Additionally, in this new international security environment the employment of armed forces in missions outside of or short of war has become increasingly important and frequent. In the future, the US is likely to find itself involved in the aftermath of crisis and conflict situations where it may or may not have been one of the initial belligerents but is part of a bilateral or multilateral effort to resolve the problem and assist in the reconstruction. Professor Shultz addresses the need for a post-conflict policy that takes into account all of these considerations. This study is an important contribution to policy analysis and planning. It should be read by civilian and military planners alike."
Air University (U.S.). Press
Shultz, Richard H., 1947-
1993-08
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Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Assessing the Risks
This risk assessment on weapons of mass destruction describes the potential of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, analyzes the consequences of their dispersion to the US and the world, and summarizes technical aspects of monitoring and controlling their production. The assessment also explains the array of policy tools that can be used to combat proliferation, and describes how to identify trade-offs and choices that confront policymakers.
United States. Government Printing Office; United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1993-08
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Emergency Preparedness Checklist
Learn how to protect yourself and cope with disaster by planning ahead. This checklist will help you get started. Discuss these ideas with your family, then prepare an emergency plan. Post the plan where everyone will see it--on the refrigerator or bulletin board. For additional information about how to prepare for hazards in your community, contact your local emergency management or civil defense office and American Red Cross chapter. Included here are preparations for a disaster supply kit, escape plan, and a home hazard hunt. This checklist is good for natural disasters as well as hazardous materials spills.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
1993-08
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Hurricane Havens Handbook for the North Atlantic Ocean
"This publication -- Change 5 to NAVENVPREDRSCHFAC TR 82-03, Hurricane Havens Handbook for the North Atlantic Ocean -- adds port studies of the naval stations at Mobile AL, Pascagoula MS, and Ingleside TX to the basic volume and its four previously published changes. The complete volume now assesses a total of 25 Atlantic and Gulf Coast U.S. ports as potential safe havens for vessels facing hurricane threats. The handbook is a ready-reference decision-making aid for commanding officers and other personnel responsible for the safety of their ships in such threats. Guidance on threat assessment and choice of appropriate countermeasures is provided for each of the ports. Hurricane, Hurricane haven, Strike probability Tropical cyclone, Hurricane warning, Tropical meteorology."
Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.)
Englebretson, Ronald E.; Gilmore, Richard E.; Perryman, Dennis C.
1993-08
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Federal Railroad Safety Program: 100 Years of Safer Railroads
"To really understand the full impact of railroad safety legislation in the United States during the past 100 years, it is necessary to take a look at the state of railroad safety in the 1800's. As industries go, railroading is a relatively late development of the industrial revolution. By the 1850's railroading had become an important factor in the economic fiber of America, although it would be some years before rail transportation became the dominant mode of moving people and goods. By the end of the American Civil War, the advantages in terms of both speed and cost of moving people and goods by rail were clear to all and the greatest period of railroad building in the history of the United States got underway. As the 1860's ended railroads were being built at a frantic pace, the continent had been spanned by steel rails, and the public was starting to demand something be done to improve the safety of railroad work and travel. During this period safety often took a back seat to profit and expansion. Bridges collapsed under the weight of trains that were rapidly becoming heavier and faster. Boilers exploded because of poor maintenance as well improper operation and inspection. Inadequate track maintenance led to derailments as well as other accidents."
United States. Federal Railroad Administration
McDonald, Charles W.
1993-08
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Profile Series: Haiti
This document from the Immigration and Naturalization Services provides an indepth profile of the political struggle in Haiti. The profile gives a historical background from 1492 until 1993. The profile discusses government and military structure in Haiti. The profile describes which groups are at risk for repression and abuse and looks to the future for a political solution to ongoing struggles in Haiti.
United States. Immigration and Naturalization Service; INS Resource Information Center
1993-08
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Security Awareness and the Climate of Public Opinion: An Analysis of Recent Trends
"The purpose of this study was to gather empirical data on several attitudinal dimensions which are pertinent to the problem of capturing the attention of employees, improving retention of essential facts and concepts, and providing the necessary motivation to act in ways which will support security programs and enhance efforts to improve the effectiveness of security awareness education. Survey data from an extensive inventory of databases on selected variables was searched, retrieved and analyzed. Example variables include: attitudes related to national loyalty perceptions of national security threats from particular sources; self-interest as opposed to community interests; material as compared to non-material incentives; views about the seriousness of various categories of crime including espionage, embezzlement, employee theft, computer crimes, and information theft; professional ethics; evaluations of government and its role as protector of critical information; the importance of personal honesty; obedience or respect for authority; organizations and group loyalty; and attitudes about personal privacy in general and in particular about the intrusion of government into private matters in the interest of national security. The implications for intelligence security of certain attitudes and trends in public opinion are discussed."
Defense Personnel Security Research Center (U.S.)
Smith, Tom W.
1993-08
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Chemical Weapons Convention: Effects on the U.S. Chemical Industry
This background paper explores the multifaceted challenge of integrating a private, primarily civil industry into the global arms-control regime established by the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). The interaction between industry and arms control raises new and challenging issues, such as reconciling the intrusive verification provisions of the treaty with the privacy protections of the U.S. Constitution, and addressing the concern that CWC-mandated declarations and inspections of chemical plants could provide opportunities for industrial espionage. Implementation of the Convention will entail an unavoidable tradeoff between the need to gather enough information to verify treaty compliance and the risk that intrusive inspections could jeopardize valuable trade secrets. The background paper concludes, however, that advance preparation by industry can mitigate such concerns.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1993-08
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Analysis Report on Firefighter Fatalities [1992]
"The purpose of this study is to analyze the circumstances surrounding firefighter fatalities in the United States in 1992 in an attempt to identify potential means for reducing the number of deaths that occur each year. In addition to the 1992 findings, this study will also include special analyses of particular recurring scenarios, using NFPA's [National Fire Protection Association] data base of fire fighter fatalities from 1983 through 1992."
United States Fire Administration
1993-08
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Conventional Arms Transfers to the Third World, 1985-1992 [July 19, 1993]
"The major political and economic transitions wrought by the end of the Cold War continued in 1992, resulting in a significant impact on the Third World arms marketplace. The formal dissolution of the Soviet Union contributed to a sharp fall in Russia's arms agreements, while the United States remained the undisputed leader in arms sales to the Third World. Continued reductions in domestic defense spending in many nations became a matter of acute concern to their weapons exporting industries, leading to intense competition among suppliers for new arms deals throughout the globe. Despite initial optimism about their prospects, talks aimed at controlling destabilizing conventional arms transfers to the Near East region, in the wake of the Persian Gulf war, did not produce a major new control regime."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Grimmett, Richard F.
1993-07-19
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Chemical Weapons Storage: Communities Are Not Prepared to Respond to Emergencies, Statement of David R. Warren, Associate Director, Defense Management and NASA Issues, National Security and International Affairs Division, Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives
"State and local officials, in accordance with state law, have the primary responsibility for protecting the health and safety of the local communities in the event of an emergency involving chemical agents. Emergency management in any situation is made up of three phases: planning and preparation, response, and recovery. During the planning and preparatory phase, hazards are identified and mitigated and the resources needed to respond to an emergency are identified and obtained. In the response phase, resources are used to respond to an emergency situation. This phase may include such actions as alerting the community to the emergency and evacuating some portion of the population from the threatened area. Lastly, during the recovery phase, damage is assessed and repaired and people return to the area affected by the emergency. In an emergency associated with chemical weapons, the substances released have the potential for great harm, and quick reaction is exceedingly critical. Chemical agents can move with the ambient air and, at some sites, can travel off the installation boundaries in minutes. For this reason the alert and notification systems, protective actions, protective gear, and automation appropriate to such an emergency may differ from those required to cope with other potential local emergencies."
United States. Government Accountability Office
1993-07-16
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Transportation Security for Sensitive Arms, Ammunition, and Explosives
"Sensitive items include conventional arms, ammunition, and explosives that require transportation protective services while in-transit. These services are required because of the items' portability, potential use in criminal or terrorist acts, capability for inflicting severe casualties, and nonavailability in commercial markets. Our primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of internal controls and other security arrangements for sensitive shipments of conventional arms, ammunition, and explosives."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
Young, Shelton R.; Gebka, John S.; Putnam, Albert L.
1993-07-08
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Field Manual FM 100-19: Domestic Support Operations
Domestic support operations are not new. They had their beginning with settlement of the new world and organization of the colonial militia. With the establishment of the United States and a federal military, the Army routinely provided support to state and territorial governors as the nation expanded westward. In some instances, it actually administered governmental affairs until the fledgling local government became a viable entity. Although the frequency of domestic support operations may increase, they are not in lieu of wartime operational requirements. The Army's primary mission remains to defend the United States and its interests. It is the Army's combat readiness that enables it to accomplish domestic support operations. This manual provides specific guidelines and operational principles in the conduct of domestic support operations. It emphasizes the utilization of the Army's core combat competencies and values to enhance combat readiness and the overall well-being of the nation.
United States. Department of the Army
1993-07-01
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Disaster Management: Improving the Nation's Response to Catastrophic Disasters, Report to Congressional Requesters
"To improve the federal response, the nation needs presidential involvement and leadership both before and after a catastrophic disaster strikes. The Federal Response Plan is FEMA's blueprint for responding to all disasters and emergencies. The plan is a cooperative agreement signed by 26 federal agencies and the American Red Cross for providing services when there is a need for federal response assistance following any type of disaster or emergency. The present version of the plan-developed following dissatisfaction with the response to Hurricane Hugo in 1989-was completed in April 1992. Hurricane Andrew marked the first time the plan was fully used. To underscore the commitment of the President, responsibility for catastrophic disaster preparedness and response should be placed with a key official in the White House. This would institutionalize the direct presidential involvement that occurred on an ad hoc basis in Hurricane Andrew and other recent major disasters. Furthermore, this organizational arrangement could increase the levels of attention given to emergency management responsibilities throughout the government, not just in times of catastrophic disasters." This report sets forth guidelines in establishing a more lasting response for U.S. response to crisis and disaster situations. In this regard, the role of FEMA, as well as consideration for government communication in the instance of planning response, are reviewed.
United States. Government Accountability Office
1993-07
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EPA Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Advisory Hydrogen Fluoride
"This advisory recommends ways Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPCs) and chemical facilities can reduce risks posed by the presence of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in their communities. Hydrogen fluoride, a strong inorganic acid, is produced and used as a gas or liquid without water (i.e., in anhydrous form), or in a water (aqueous) solution. The anhydrous form is potentially more hazardous than hydrogen fluoride in dilute water solutions, because anhydrous hydrogen fluoride has greater potential for fuming and forming vapor clouds. If anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is accidentally released, it may react with water vapor to form a white vapor cloud. Under certain conditions, such a cloud has the potential to travel considerable distances close to the ground and pose a threat to people in its path. EPA stresses that although mishandling of HF can cause harm, there is no cause for undue alarm about its presence in the community when it is properly and safely managed."
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
1993-07
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Security Awareness Bulletin: Treaty Inspections and Security
"The Security Awareness Bulletin is produced by the Department of Defense Security Institute. Primary distribution is to DoD components and contractors cleared for classified access under the Defense Industrial Security Program and Special Access Programs. Our purpose is to promote security awareness and compliance with
security procedures through dissemination of information to security trainers regarding current security and counterintelligence developments, training aids, and educational methods as well as through distribution of textual material for direct training application." This issue discusses arms control inspections and industrial security, the Industrial Security Awareness Council (ISAC) Network, and
the Security Program Improvement Network (SPIN).
United States. Department of Defense. Security Institute
1993-07
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Guide to Procurement of Trusted Systems: Language for RFP Specifications and Statements of Work - An Aid to Procurement Initiators
The purpose of this document is to facilitate the contracting process, provide
uniformity in competitive acquisitions, minimize procurement cost and risk,
avoid delays in the solicitation process, and help ensure the solicitation
is complete before its issuance.
United States. Department of Defense
1993-06-30
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Applicability of the Civil Service Provisions of Title 5 of the United States Code to the United States Enrichment Corporation: Memorandum for the General Counsel, United States Enrichment Corporation [June 22, 1993]
"You have requested our opinion on whether the United States Enrichment Corporation ('USEC') is subject to the civil service provisions of title 5 of the United States Code. We have concluded that, under the statute establishing USEC, title IX of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, Pub. L. No. 102-486, 106 Stat. 2776, 2923 (codified at 42 U.S.C. §§ 2297-2297e-7) ('the Act'), USEC is exempt from the civil service provisions of title 5. Before USEC was established, the Department of Energy ('DOE') produced enriched uranium for use as fuel for commercial nuclear power plants. Congress decided that the DOE program was inefficient; the problems included increasing international competition, declining global market share, and billions of dollars in unrecovered costs of production. In response to these problems, Congress decided to transfer the DOE program to a government corporation that could eventually be sold to the private sector, in order to ensure that the program would be operated in a more business-like fashion."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Legal Counsel
1993-06-22
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Military Support to Law Enforcement and Posse Comitatus: Is the Search for Nontraditional Missions on a Collision Course with Operational Readiness?
"The potential danger to operational. readiness of the search for nontraditional roles and missions for the U.S. armed forces is examined. The paper explores the incentives for adding new missions to the armed forces in light of the post-Cold War 'draw-down' and looks at Military Support to Law Enforcement (MSLE) as an example fo [sic] the types of missions being considered for the military. It reviews the history of and recent changes to the Posse Comitatus Act, the traditional deterrent to military involvement in civilian law enforcement operations. Possible detrimental effects on operational readiness are discussed, as peacetime missions are equated to training for the wartime mission. Possible methods to evaluate potential missions are presented. The recommendation is made to keep the focus on the wartime mission and the needs of the operational commander when considering ancillary missions for the armed forces."
Naval War College (U.S.)
Baranzini, Richard D.
1993-06-18
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Modern Day Response to Piracy in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore
"This paper examines the complex problems and issues regarding piracy attacks on merchant ships within the area of responsibility for the United States Pacific Command (CINCPAC). Piracy attacks against merchant ships of all flags, including U.S., continue worldwide at an alarming rate with minimal governmental response. The Straits of Malacca and Singapore, Phillips Channel (between Indonesia and Singapore) and the South China Sea have the dubious distinction as the most active piracy waters and will be featured in this paper. Piracy is a national security concern to the United States as it impacts the national military and security strategy."
Naval War College (U.S.)
Tokarski, Kevin M.
1993-06-18
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War with Iran: Considerations for the Next Coalition Campaign
"Western nations and moderate Arab states view Iran's resurgent military strength with concern. Allied forces may be called upon in the future to form a coalition and conduct operations to deter Iran from interfering with the affairs of other nations. Such a coalition would face many problems similar to, and many different from, those which faced the nations participating in Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Barring Iranian use of weapons of mass destruction, the coalition would likely implement a campaign plan which included political, diplomatic, economic and military measures with the limited goal of neutralizing Iran's capability to interfere in neighboring countries and adjacent air and sea space. The military sequence of events that would help achieve this end state might consist of the neutralization of key Iranian command and control nodes; the infrastructure supporting weapons of mass destruction; and offensive air, naval, and missile forces. Yet the coalition would be confronting an enemy with both the capability and will to vigorously resist. It is therefore likely that the application of limited military force, together with the questionable effectiveness of diplomatic, political and economic measures, would result in little, if any, long term change in Iranian foreign policy, and at best might offer only a short term reduction in Iran's capability to cause mischief beyond its borders."
Naval War College (U.S.)
Hoeing, Joseph B., Jr.
1993-06-18
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Presidential Decision Directive: Alien Smuggling
From the Document: "The recent increase in Asian criminal syndicate smuggling of Chinese nationals illegally into the U.S. by air, sea and across land borders is a matter of serious concern. At least until completion of the tasks set forth below, I direct that criminal-syndicate alien smuggling be dealt with[.]"
United States. White House Office; National Security Council (U.S.)
1993-06-18
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Executive Order 12851: Administration of Proliferation Sanctions, Middle East Arms Control, and Related Congressional Reporting Responsibilities
Executive Order 12851 aims to administer proliferation sanctions for Middle East arms control purposes. Congressional reporting responsibilities are also discussed.
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Clinton, Bill, 1946-
1993-06-11
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Theater Ballistic Missile Defense Policy, Missions and Programs: Current Status [June 10,1993]
"Theater missile defenses (TMD) increasingly are an important national security priority. But interest in TMD is not a recent development. Throughout the 1980s, Congress urged the executive branch to pursue a vigorous program to counter the threat of Soviet short range missiles in Europe. The result was mixed, and generally not to the satisfaction of Congress. The end of the Cold War and the rise of new challenges brought new emphasis to U.S. TMD efforts. This new effort is focused on addressing the threat arising from the global proliferation of missiles and weapons of mass destruction. The military services have identified several TMD requirements: active defenses, passive defenses, counterforce operations, and command control communications and intelligence. These requirements form the four main elements of the TMD program. The Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO), formerly the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO), is in charge of the entire TMD effort. The military services and other defense agencies largely fill a supporting role. Most of the current TMD program is focused on developing active defense systems. Each of the four military services is pursuing interceptor programs designed for deployment in the near and far term. The immediate objective is to acquire some limited capabilities for addressing potential missile threats over the next several years. Additional, advanced TMD capabilities will be acquired later in this decade and beyond. Unexpected dramatic increases in the TMD budget and the surfeit of TMD programs suggest a critical review. Such a review might lead to significant budget savings."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hildreth, Steven A.
1993-06-10
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Public Law 103-36: Central Intelligence Agency Voluntary Separation Pay Act
An Act to authorize the establishment of a program under which employees of the Central Intelligence Agency may be offered separation pay to separate from service voluntarily to avoid or minimize the need for involuntary separations due to downsizing, reorganization, transfer of function, or other similar action, and for other purposes.
United States. Government Printing Office
1993-06-08
