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Executive Education Program: What Does 'Strategic Planning' for Reopening Look Like When You Can't Strategically Plan? [video]
From the Video Description: "Organizational leaders have seen their plans for 2020 upended by the pandemic. As the country begins to reopen, leaders are facing a multitude of uncertainties about the Nation's health, the economy, and ever-changing public expectations. In this webinar, panelists discuss how U.S. communities, businesses, and government agencies approach reopening decisions when so many questions remain unanswered about the 'new normal.'" The duration of this video is 1 hour, 12 minutes, and 12 seconds.
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Crouch, George; Lanier, Cathy L.; Rosen, Frederik . . .
2020-06-17
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Executive Education Program: Frameworks for Governing: 2021 and Beyond [video]
From the Video Description: "In this two-part webinar series, legal and public policy experts discuss how government roles, responsibilities, and authorities have evolved in recent years and what homeland security professionals might anticipate next with a new presidential administration, Congress and U.S. Supreme Court majority. Looking back at the major events of 2020, the panel explores what this could mean for local, state and federal government." The duration of part 1 of this two-part webinar series, "Whose Pandemic is it Anyway? Response to the Next Public Health Crisis," is 1 hour, 9 minutes, and 30 seconds. The duration of the second part of this webinar series, "Blurred Lines: Civil Protest, Uncivil Unrest, and Government Response," is 1 hour, 13 minutes, and 37 seconds.
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Decker, Eileen M.; Farber, Daniel A., 1950-; Yoo, John
2021-03-31
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Executive Education Program: Avoiding Catastrophe: Strategies for Enhancing Supply Chain Resilience [video]
From the Video Description: "The past 18 months have seen a near constant stream of supply chain disruptions affecting everything from medical equipment and PPE [personal protective equipment] to toilet paper, canned soup, and now the upcoming holiday season. Why are these supply chain issues continuing? Are there meaningful implications for homeland security and emergency management? What can we do right now in our own communities to avoid a crisis? Please join us November 16th as we explore these and other questions with our panel of national supply chain experts." The duration of this video is 1 hour and 4 minutes.
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Kaufman, David; Fulton, Kathy; Featherstone, James . . .
2021-11-16
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Global Arms Trade: Commerce in Advanced Military Technology and Weapons
Congress faces two very important and interconnected issues: 1) controlling the
proliferation of modern weapons and defense technology and 2) the health of the U.S. defense industries. This report, the final evaluation by the Office of Technology Assessment, on international collaboration in defense technology, explores the form and dynamics of the international defense industry, the intricacies of technology transfer and equipment sales, and the implications for U.S. policy.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1991-06
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Verification Technologies: Cooperative Aerial Surveillance in International Agreements
This report examines the potential and limitations of cooperative aerial surveillance as a means of supporting the goals of a variety of international agreements. It surveys the types of aircraft and sensors that might be used. It reviews the status of and issues raised by the Open Skies Treaty negotiations as an extended example of an aerial surveillance regime. The report concludes with a quantitative analysis of one possible use of cooperative overflights: the search for potential arms control violations.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1991-07
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Technology Against Terrorism: The Federal Effort
This report investigates the status of research on technological means used to protect ourselves against terrorist threats. It deals with the Federal research and development effort in countering terrorism, and with the state of attempts to use technology to aid in detecting and preventing attempts to introduce explosives aboard aircraft.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1991-07
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Redesigning Defense: Planning the Transition to the Future U.S. Defense Industrial Base
The objectives of the report are to provide a framework for the debate over the size and character of the future defense technology and industrial base (DTIB), and to assist Congress in selecting criteria for making the difficult policy and budget choices that will be required to facilitate the transition. The industrial base characteristics proposed in this report differ significantly from those of the current base. Probably the most fundamental difference is the separation of the R&D process from the expectation of major production runs. To maintain both technological development and manufacturing skills in a period of reduced defense budgets, OTA describes a process of continuous competitive prototyping that tests new concepts, incorporates new technology into fielded systems, but results in the manufacture and deployment of new systems only when required. These steps, and others examined in the Report, carry risks to both the R&D and manufacturing elements of the base. However, the new fiscal and security realities facing the Nation force difficult tradeoffs that include such risks. It is also clear that managing this change will require improved and better-integrated management in the future.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1991-07
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FBI Fringerprint Identification Automation Program: Issues and Options--Background Paper
"Automated fingerprint identification and criminal history records are vital for effective law enforcement and criminal justice. These records also are increasingly used for a range of noncriminal justice purposes, such as background checks of applicants for employment, licenses, or security clearances. Fingerprint checks are essential to ensure positive identification, detect or deter persons using aliases or phony identification documents, and protect the civil liberties of arrestees, applicants, or employees. Manual fingerprint and record systems are incapable of meeting today's needs for timely and accurate information. Many States and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) have made significant progress over the last decade in automating these systems. But the extent of automation and quality of records varies widely, and significant gaps in automation and record quality exist. Criminal justice activities are being hindered as a result. Proposed new national criminal record checks will be difficult or impossible to implement until further improvements are in place."
United States. Government Printing Office
1991-11
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Adjusting to a New Security Environment: The Defense Technology and Industrial Base Challenge
The size, form, and purpose of the United States anneal forces are all being examined along with questions of how much defense the Nation needs and how much it can afford. While no clear answers have yet emerged, there is a consensus that-despite Operation Desert Storm-as long as positive trends in U.S.-Soviet relations continue, U.S. defense procurement during the coming decade will be much less than in the preceding one. As a result, the defense technology and industrial base that develops and produces our military systems is currently in flux, changing in both size and form. OTA has been asked by several congressional committees and individual Members of Congress to conduct an assessment of what form the future defense technology and industrial base might take; what form it ought to take; what government policies can do to draw these two together; and how the sweeping changes expected in the base can be managed to minimize adverse economic effects and ensure sufficient future technology and industrial capability to meet the Nation's needs. To set the context for this assessment, this background paper outlines the complex defense technology and industrial base challenges that confront the Nation in adjusting to a new security environment. It examines the role of the defense technology and industrial base in maintaining America's security, and the major factors affecting the country's evolving security posture.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1991-02
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Verification Technologies: Managing Research and Development for Cooperative Arms Control Monitoring Measures
Cooperative monitoring measures, including on-site inspections, are now a regular feature of international arms control agreements. The Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, the Threshold Test Ban Treaty, the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty, the prospective Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) Treaty, and the proposed Chemical Weapons Convention all contain such measures. This new element of arms control verification is likely to be a part of any future arms control arrangements in which the United States becomes involved. How well prepared are we for this new era? This report examines the management of the research and development process from which the new technologies are emerging and identifies a range of organizational options that might help improve the balance of research emphasis.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1991-05
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American Military Power: Future Needs, Future Choices
This background paper, part of OTA's ongoing assessment of the future defense technology and industrial base, outlines some of the issues of importance for making choices about the future nature and role of U.S. armed forces, and suggests how these choices will affect defense base requirements. The final report of the assessment, to be delivered in the spring of 1992, will address specific policy options arising from the strategic choices and tactical decisions discussed here. In preparing this background paper, OTA sought information and advice from a broad spectrum of knowledgeable individuals and organizations whose contributions are gratefully acknowledged. As with all OTA studies, the content of the background paper is the sole responsibility of the Office of Technology Assessment and does not necessarily represent the views of our advisers and reviewers.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1991-10
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Anti-Corruption Efforts in Latin America and the Caribbean [February 1, 2022]
From the Document: "Corruption of public office holders remains an issue for countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), and an increasing area of focus for U.S. foreign policy and congressional interest. The region is struggling to overcome governance challenges that have worsened over the past two years, as the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented new opportunities for corruption and has frustrated efforts to combat it. The annual Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) of the nongovernmental organization Transparency International compares perceived public sector corruption among 180 countries; the 2021 CPI notes, 'countries of the Americas have ground to a halt in the fight against corruption.' Of the 30 nations surveyed in LAC, 18 (shown in 'Figure 1') have stayed in roughly the same relative order for the past five years. The CPI measures 'perceived' rather than 'actual' corruption; actual corruption is difficult to measure because of its opaque nature and different definitions for the phenomena. However, numerous U.S. and global agencies use the CPI as a benchmark and diagnostic tool for comparing relative levels of transparency."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Beittel, June S.; Martin, Rachel L.
2022-02-01
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Diplomacy with North Korea: A Status Report [Updated February 03, 2022]
From the Overview: "Since the early 1990s, the United States periodically has engaged in diplomacy with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK, North Korea's official name). A focus of these efforts has been the DPRK's nuclear and missile programs, which have emerged as threats to the U.S. homeland and U.S. East Asian allies, particularly South Korea and Japan. Over the decades, the United States and North Korea also have discussed normalizing relations, officially ending the Korean War after nearly 70 years, and improving human rights conditions in North Korea. Since 2019, following the collapse of personal diplomacy between former President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un, Pyongyang largely has ignored attempts by the Trump and Biden Administrations to resume dialogue. Kim's reluctance to engage also may be due to his response to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); North Korea has closed its borders since early 2020."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Manyin, Mark E.; Chanlett-Avery, Emma; Nikitin, Mary Beth Dunham . . .
2022-02-03
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Executive Education Program: Governmental Decision-Making During a Pandemic [video]
From the Video Description: "Decisions are being made every day to close and re-open the economy. Travel restrictions are in place in some areas but not in others, beaches are opening and/or ordered closed, barbershops and floral shops are on different re-opening schedules, and orders have been issued and rescinded about wearing masks in public. Who gets to decide and why? This webinar discusses the power held at the federal, state, and local level for each of these decisions, how the power is being exercised, and the impact these decisions have on first responders and the people they serve." The duration of the video is 1 hour, 10 minutes, and 45 seconds.
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Yoo, John; Farber, Daniel A., 1950-; Decker, Eileen M.
2020-05-13
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Public Assistance: Debris Management Guide [April 1999]
From the Foreword: "Each year, local officials from hundreds of communities are faced with the task of removing debris caused by natural disasters. In the past 20 years alone, over 700 major disasters have been declared by the President to facilitate Federal assistance to communities struck by hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, earthquakes, wild fires and other natural disasters. In some cases, debris clearance, removal and disposal actions can be accomplished quickly using community resources augmented by assistance from neighboring communities, State agencies and contractor resources. In many other cases, however, the damage and debris are so extensive that a comprehensive debris clearance, removal and disposal management plan is required to efficiently and effectively control the operations. We have developed this document to provide guidance to community leaders in planning, mobilizing, organizing and controlling a large-scale debris clearance, removal and disposal operation. Although this manual has been developed for large-scale debris clearance, removal and disposal operations, portions of all chapters can be utilized on smaller operations."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
1999-04
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Integrated Intelligence and Crime Analysis: Enhanced Information Management for Law Enforcement Leaders, Second Edition
From the Executive Summary: "Law enforcement executives are increasingly recognizing that they are no longer in an information-poor world: data and information about the criminal environment and criminal activity abound. The challenge is to corral this wealth of data into knowledge that can enhance decision making, improve strategies to combat crime, and increase crime prevention benefits. In other words, the aim is to convert data and information into actionable intelligence. [...] While many executives get access to crime analysis, sometimes through Compstat meetings or similar briefings, criminal intelligence is not integrated into the picture and executives make key decisions without access to all of the pertinent knowledge available within their organization. [...] As we learn more about the abilities of organized crime groups to involve themselves in a range of criminal enterprises such as street crime, narcotics, human smuggling, and money laundering, it has become necessary to restructure law enforcement analytical services to better reflect this criminal environment. The risks are too high to stick with unit isolation and specialization out of simple bureaucratic convenience. To change this situation will require executive leadership within policing. The purpose of this report is to provide the necessary information for police managers to implement change and embrace the information-rich environment of modern policing. The document is also of value to intelligence analysts and crime analysts wishing to get greater traction from the intelligence they produce."
Police Foundation (U.S.); United States. Department of Justice. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
Ratcliffe, Jerry H.
2007-08
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NIAID Pandemic Preparedness Plan
From the Introduction: "The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases continues to threaten the health of Americans and people worldwide. In the past two decades NIAID [National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases] has mounted major research responses and developed effective countermeasures to emerging infectious diseases including those caused by SARS-CoV-1 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1], the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Ebola virus, Zika virus, and most recently SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]. The ongoing 2020 global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 further has underscored the continual threat of newly emerging and re-emerging pathogens and the critical value of research in pandemic preparedness efforts. To prepare for future public health emergencies caused by infectious diseases, NIAID has developed a Pandemic Preparedness Plan that leverages its broad research portfolio, long-standing expertise in product development, capacity to engage both domestic and international partners, and flexible infrastructure. While it is recognized that pathogens other than viruses could lead to public health emergencies, the NIAID Pandemic Preparedness Plan focuses on viruses that could cause epidemics or pandemics."
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.)
2021-12
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Overview of Community Engagement in Targeted Violence and Terrorism Prevention (TVTP)
From the Overview: "Prevention practitioners and community leaders share a common goal: protecting our communities and families from those who wish to commit violent acts, and helping those who might be radicalizing to violence to get the wrap-around support they need before a violent act is committed. Engaging members of your community--including peers, teachers, law enforcement, and community leaders--is critical for empowering bystanders--those who observe concerning behavior--to identify and prevent susceptible individuals from radicalizing and mobilizing to violence 'before' it becomes a law enforcement matter. This guide provides practical information for conducting effective community engagement in this realm."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2021-05-26
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 5029, Expanding the Families of Veterans Access to Mental Health Services Act
This is the Congressional Budget Office [CBO] Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs on November 4, 2021. From the Document: "Under current law, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides bereavement counseling to family members when an active-duty service member's death is determined to have occurred in the line of duty. H.R. 5029 would require VA to provide counseling to families of veterans or service members who die by suicide, and the bill would apply to deaths that occur before, on, or after the date of enactment. Suicides by service members are generally considered to occur in the line of duty; therefore, most survivors of service members are eligible under current law. Using data from VA, CBO estimates that under H.R. 5029, roughly 3,000 of the 6,000 families of veterans that would be newly eligible each year would use counseling services. CBO expects that, on average, each family would attend 12 counseling sessions, at a cost of about $190 per session. CBO assumes that the bill will be enacted in the middle of fiscal year 2022 and expects that the families of some veterans who died in 2021 would seek counseling in 2022 and 2023. After adjusting for inflation, CBO estimates that meeting the bill's requirements would cost $29 million over the 2022-2026 period. Such spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-02-08
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Anti-Satellite Weapons, Countermeasures, and Arms Control
This report discusses implications of Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) technology. The report examines U.S. options for countering Soviet military satellite capabilities and explores both unilateral and cooperative measures for limiting the anti-satellite weapons threat (ASAT). The report also examines the pros and cons of several illustrative "arms control regimes" for space weapons, ranging from lesser to greater limitations than now exist. It suggest that some combinations of unilateral and cooperative measures might provide more military security than either type alone.
United States. Government Printing Office
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
1985-09
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List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor [2016]
From the Introduction: "This seventh edition of the List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor, mandated by the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA) of 2005 (TVPRA List), is one of the U.S. Government's (USG) key contributions to this growing body of information. This 2016 update adds 27 new line items to the list, for a total of 379 line items. (A line item is a unique combination of a country and a good.) These include three new goods - potatoes, pepper, and silk cocoons - that have not appeared on the List before, as well as two new countries, Costa Rica and Sudan. This edition also removes one line item, garments from Jordan, from the List. With these changes, the List has a total of 139 goods produced by child labor and/or forced labor in violation of international standards in 75 countries around the world. In this edition, for the first time, we include narrative descriptions of the child labor or forced labor occurring in the mining, production, or manufacture of each of the new line items."
United States. Department of Labor
United States. Bureau of International Labor Affairs. Office of Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking
2016
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List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor [2012]
From the Introduction: "The List's primary purposes are to raise public awareness about forced labor and child labor and to promote efforts to address them. The List is not intended to be punitive, but rather as a starting point for individual and collective action. Publication of the List has provided ILAB [Bureau of International Labor Affairs] new opportunities to engage in technical cooperation with foreign governments to combat child labor and forced labor and has also been a valuable resource to many companies in carrying out risk assessment and due diligence on labor rights in their supply chains. [...] This edition of the List adds four new goods and three new countries to the List. The List now includes a total of 134 goods from 74 countries. Given the current state of research on child labor and forced labor, the List - while as comprehensive as possible - includes only those goods for which ILAB is able to document that there is reason to believe that child or forced labor is used in their production. It is likely that many more goods are produced through these forms of labor abuse."
United States. Department of Labor
United States. Bureau of International Labor Affairs. Office of Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking
2012
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List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor [2011]
From the Abstract: "ILAB [Bureau of International Labor Affairs] examined 77 countries for the initial List in 2009, 39 additional countries for the 2010 update, and 60 countries, non-independent countries and territories for this year's update, completing an initial examination of most countries in the world. The 2011 update adds 2 new goods and 1 new country, for a total of 130 goods from 71 countries that iLAB believes are produced with child labor or forced labor. The countries on the List span every region of the world and are at different stages of development. More goods were found to be made with child labor than forced labor. By sector, agricultural crops comprise the largest category, followed by manufactured goods and mined or quarried goods. The most common agricultural goods listed are cotton, sugarcane, tobacco, coffee and cattle; the most common manufactured goods listed are bricks, garments, carpets and footwear; and the most common mined goods listed are gold, diamonds and coal. The 2011 report adds a new section describing the process by which goods may be removed from the List, based on ILAB's procedural guidelines."
United States. Department of Labor
United States. Bureau of International Labor Affairs. Office of Child Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking
2011
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Afghanistan and Pakistan: Accountability Community Oversight of a New Interagency Strategy, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, First Session, September 9, 2009
From the opening statement of John F. Tierney: "Congress will consider final passage of a bill to triple U.S. aid to Pakistan to almost $11⁄2 billion a year. In short, the United States is on the verge of doubling down on a commitment of troops and treasure to Afghanistan and Pakistan. As we have learned in Iraq, however, a sudden increase in conflict resources exponentially increases the likelihood of waste, fraud and abuse. Unfortunately, some of our programs in Afghanistan and Pakistan to date have been flawed and have lacked basic accountability measures. For example, last year the subcommittee and the Government Accountability Office conducted major investigations of the Coalition Support Funds Program by which the United States reimburses Pakistan for expenses it incurs in certain counterterrorism operations. This program has represented the bulk of the U.S. aid to Pakistan in the past 7 years, some $6.7 billion to date. The investigations found that there were no receipts for a significant portion of the U.S. reimbursements to Pakistan and that the program lacked basic accountability provisions. Further, the reimbursement program isn't really designed to improve the Pakistani military's capabilities for counterterrorism and counterinsurgency operations. In Afghanistan in January 2009, the Government Accountability Office report brought attention to the significant lack of accountability for 242,203 small arms provided to the Afghan National Security Forces. The Department of Defenses Combined Security Transition Command in Afghanistan [CSTC--A], could not provide records, did not track serial numbers, or could not locate a significant portion of the weapons provided. In addition, the report drew attention to the inability of the Afghan National Security Forces to safeguard those weapons." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Arnold Fields, Gordon Heddell, Donald Gambatesa, Harold Geisel, Jacquelyn Williams-Bridgers, and John F. Tierney.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (2007-)
2009-09-09
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Research Documents Harm of Public Charge Policy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
From the Document: "The Biden Administration recently ended the Trump-era public charge policy. This is a critical first step toward addressing the damage it has caused. However, more must be done to overcome its lasting 'chilling effect.' Research has confirmed that the lead up to and rollout of the Trump public charge policy created a pronounced and persistent 'chilling effect,' with immigrants and their family members disenrolling from or failing to enroll in critical health, nutrition, and economic supports for which they were eligible. The Trump policy took effect just weeks before the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic hit the United States, which has amplified the health and economic harm of the pandemic. Public health experts now warn that its lasting effects threaten COVID-19 vaccination efforts. This fact sheet describes research documenting the damage done by public charge. It strongly supports swift rulemaking -- to cement and clarify the policy details -- as well as accompanying outreach efforts by the Biden administration to make clear that it is safe for immigrant families to access health care, nutrition, housing, and other economic support programs."
Protecting Immigrant Families
2021-08
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Telehealth as a Bright Spot of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Recommendations from the Virtual Frontlines ('Frontweb')
From the Abstract: "The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has accelerated the telehealth tipping point in the practice of family medicine and primary care in the United States, making telehealth not just a novel approach to care but also a necessary one for public health safety. Social distancing requirements and stay-at-home orders have shifted patient care from face-to-face consultations in primary care offices to virtual care from clinicians' homes or offices, moving to a new frontline, which we call the 'frontweb.' Our telehealth workgroup employed the Clinical Transformation in Technology implementation framework to accelerate telehealth expansion and to develop a consensus document for clinician recommendations in providing remote virtual care during the pandemic. In a few weeks, telehealth went from under 5% of patient visits to almost 93%, while maintaining high levels of patient satisfaction. In this paper, we share clinician recommendations and guidance gleaned from this transition to the frontweb and offer a systematic approach for ensuring 'webside' success." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2020/2/e19045].
JMIR Publications
Olayiwola, J. Nwando; Magaña, Candy; Harmon, Ashley . . .
2020-06-25
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Prediction of the COVID-19 Pandemic for the Top 15 Affected Countries: Advanced Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Model
From the Abstract: "The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected more than 200 countries and has infected more than 2,800,000 people as of April 24, 2020. It was first identified in Wuhan City in China in December 2019. [...] The aim of this study is to identify the top 15 countries with spatial mapping of the confirmed cases. A comparison was done between the identified top 15 countries for confirmed cases, deaths, and recoveries, and an advanced autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used for predicting the COVID-19 disease spread trajectories for the next 2 months." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2020/2/e19115/].
JMIR Publications
Siṃha, Rāmakumāra; Rani, Meenu; Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth . . .
2020-05-13
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Collateral Crises of Gun Preparation and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemiology Study
From the Abstract: "In the past, national emergencies in the United States have resulted in increased gun preparation (ie, purchasing new guns or removing guns from storage); in turn, these gun actions have effected increases in firearm injuries and deaths. [...] The aim of this paper was to assess the extent to which interest in gun preparation has increased amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic using data from Google searches related to purchasing and cleaning guns. [...] We fit an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model over Google search data from January 2004 up to the week that US President Donald Trump declared COVID-19 a national emergency. We used this model to forecast Google search volumes, creating a counterfactual of the number of gun preparation searches we would expect if the COVID-19 pandemic had not occurred, and reported observed deviations from this counterfactual." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2020/2/e19369/].
JMIR Publications
Caputi, Theodore L.; Ayers, John W.; Dredze, Mark . . .
2020-05-28
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Distribution of Patients at Risk for Complications Related to COVID-19 in the United States: Model Development Study
From the Abstract: "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread exponentially across the United States. Older adults with underlying health conditions are at an especially high risk of developing life-threatening complications if infected. Most intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and non-ICU hospitalizations have been among patients with at least one underlying health condition. [...] The aim of this study was to develop a model to estimate the risk status of the patients of a nationwide pharmacy chain in the United States, and to identify the geographic distribution of patients who have the highest risk of severe COVID-19 complications." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2020/2/e19606].
JMIR Publications
Smith-Ray, Renae; Roberts, Erin E.; Littleton, Devonee E. . . .
2020-06-18
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Role of the Global Health Development/Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network and the Eastern Mediterranean Field Epidemiology Training Programs in Preparedness for COVID-19
From the Abstract: "This viewpoint article aims to highlight the contribution of the Global Health Development (GHD)/Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (EMPHNET) and the EMR [Eastern Mediterranean Region]'s Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETPs) to prepare for and respond to the current COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] threat. GHD/EMPHNET has the scientific expertise to contribute to elevating the level of country alert and preparedness in the EMR and to provide technical support through health promotion, training and training materials, guidelines, coordination, and communication. The FETPs are currently actively participating in surveillance and screening at the ports of entry, development of communication materials and guidelines, and sharing information to health professionals and the public. However, some countries remain ill-equipped, have poor diagnostic capacity, and are in need of further capacity development in response to public health threats. It is essential that GHD/EMPHNET and FETPs continue building the capacity to respond to COVID-19 and intensify support for preparedness and response to public health emergencies." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2020/1/e18503].
JMIR Publications
Al-Nsour, Mohannad; Bashier, Haitham; Al Serouri, Abulwahed . . .
2020-03-27
