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Future of Airborne Reconnaissance
"Airborne reconnaissance has progressed rapidly, hand in hand with technology; however, current investments and plans fall short of fulfilling the future role of aerial reconnaissance in supporting the United States' national security and the intelligence requirements of the warfighter. Historical deficiencies and current shortfalls, including an inadequate force structure (lack of commonality between service platforms, sensors, and ground stations), poor dissemination architectures, and a disjointed tasking process require changes in the four pillars that embody airborne reconnaissance: equipment, doctrine, organization, and training." -- Thesis
Marine Corps Command and Staff College (U.S.)
Gentile, Keith E.
1996-03-27
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OSCE: New Tasks and Options in the XXI Century
"Significant changes in political, security and economic affairs are taking place in Europe. They will have tremendous influence on the future order in this part of the world. Europe is especially discussing a new cooperative security structure. This study is designed to provide a overview of possible developments of the OSCE, its functions, and consider its future as Europe moves into the XXI Century. It does not deal with the historical and political background of CSCS and OSCE."
Army War College (U.S.)
Commenda, Othmar
1996-03-22
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Strategy Turned Upside Down: The Bottom-Up Review and the Making of U.S. Defense Policy
The Bottom-Up Review's mandate was to conduct a 'comprehensive review of the nation's defense strategy, force structure, modernization, infrastructure, and foundations.' Sadly, these high goals were not achieved. The steering committee correctly described the post-Cold War environment that the U. S. faces, but proceeded to propose a military force ill-designed to confront the four dangers identified: proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; democratic reform in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union; dangers to the U.S. economy; and, the threat of regional aggressors. Only the threat posed by regional aggression is confronted by the BUR force. This paper reviews the rationale behind the review, the politics behind the process, the implications of review recommendations and proposes other considerations for achieving U.S. national security objectives not addressed adequately by the Bottom-Up Review.
Army War College (U.S.)
Ringgold, Timothy D.
1996-03-21
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Presidential Decision Directive: Nuclear Scientific and Technical Cooperation with Russia Related to Stockpile Safety and security and comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) Monitoring and Verification
"This Presidential Decision Directive establishes and directs the implementation of U.S. policy on nuclear scientific and technical cooperation with Russia related to stockpile safety and security and Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) monitoring and verification."
United States. White House Office; National Security Council (U.S.)
1996-03-21
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Secretary of the Army's Task Force on Extremist Activities: Defending American Values
"The Task Force concludes that there is minimal evidence of extremist activity in the Army. However, other areas of concern were identified. While leaders and soldiers perceive that extremist activity is minimal in the Active Army, all soldiers agree that the Army is no place for extremists. Extremist groups are visible and active in communities outside some Army installations; however, local law enforcement authorities state that extremist groups do not seem to be specifically targeting soldiers for recruitment. The Army regulation on participation in extremist organizations is misunderstood and to soldiers and junior leaders. Existing Army training programs and assessment tools do not adequately address extremism. Gang-related activities appear to be more pervasive than extremist activities on and near Army installations and are becoming a significant security concern for many soldiers. Existing open installations combined with less regulated barracks policies have degraded the commander's knowledge about potential illegal activities after duty hours."
United States. Department of the Army
1996-03-21
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Executive Order 12992: President's Council on Counter-Narcotics
This executive order establishes the President's Council on Counter-Narcotics. It provides a list of membership, as well as an outline of its functions.
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Clinton, Bill, 1946-
1996-03-15
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Polish Views on Central and East European Security
"A spectacular change has taken place with regard to Poland's views on European security since the bloodless Polish revolution in 1989. These views evolved from an initial concept of maintaining the Cold War status quo, to a radical reorientation toward recognizing the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a former adversary, as the basic architecture for future European security. This essay offers a brief review of Poland's unique historical experiences which lay the foundation for its current security policy. Additionally a critical analysis of Poland's evolving views for alternative concepts of European security architecture are provided."
Army War College (U.S.)
Pieciukiewicz, Tadeusz
1996-03-15
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National Guard Enhanced Brigades: The Past, the Present, and the Future
From the thesis abstract: "The National Guard Enhanced Brigades are a result of the Bottom-Up Review and are to represent the greater share of rapid deployable combat forces found in the Army National Guard. A special task force, comprised of all components of the U.S. Army was tasked with designing the Enhanced Brigades. The mission of the Enhanced Brigades is to support our active combat force and provide the strategic hedge against an adverse conflict; especially to be able to fight and win two major regional conflicts nearly simultaneously. The Enhanced Brigade concept is new and therefore the strategy used to build them, train them and deploy them has been created exclusively for their purpose. That training strategy is guided on several key factors, most of which are centered on readiness, ensuring that the brigades will be ready to deploy within 90 days of post-mobilization training. This report depicts the history of the Enhanced Brigades, analyzes their structure, mission and enhancements and then discusses future decisions and concerns which need to be addressed before the Enhanced Brigades can successfully accomplish the mission. The Enhanced Brigades are a critical piece in our nations National Military Strategy and decisions affecting their future are no less critical."
Army War College (U.S.)
Robinson, Terry L.
1996-03-12
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Nuclear Nonproliferation: Status of U.S. Efforts to Improve Nuclear Material Controls in Newly Independent States
Over the years, the Soviet Union produced about 1,200 metric tons of highly enriched uranium and plutonium. U.S. efforts to help the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union better protect their stocks of this deadly material--which are vulnerable to theft and diversion because of antiquated security systems--got off to a slow start but are now gaining momentum. Many independent states lack modern equipment to detect unauthorized removal of highly enriched uranium and plutonium from nuclear facilities. Seizures of nuclear material in Russia and Europe have heightened concerns about a possible black market for this material. The Defense Department (DOD) has obligated $59 million and spent about $4 million during fiscal years 1991-95 for security improvements in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Belarus. Initially the program moved slowly because Russian officials had refused access to their facilities, and DOD projects at facilities in Ukraine, Kazakstan, and Belarus were just getting under way. The program gained momentum in January 1995 when U.S. and Russian officials agreed to upgrade nuclear materials controls at five high-priority facilities. The Energy Department plans to request $400 million over seven years to improve controls at nuclear facilities in the newly independent states. However, the expanded program faces uncertainties involving its overall costs and U.S. ability to verify that the assistance is being used as intended. GAO summarized this report in testimony before Congress; see; Nuclear Nonproliferation: U.S. Efforts to Help Newly Independent States Improve Their Nuclear Materials Controls, by Harold J. Johnson, Associate Director for International Relations and Trade Issues, before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Senate Committee on Government Affairs. GAO/T-NSIAD-96-119.
United States. General Accounting Office
1996-03-08
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National Drug Control Strategy: Guidance Determines the Level of Involvement for the Department of Defense
"The Department of Defense in addition to supporting U.S. military goals and objectives around the globe is also expected to play a major role in the U.S . Counterdrug effort. The current roles and missions of the U.S. military are the result of the guidance received from the National Drug Control Strategy. This guidance regulate's the U.S. military to a support role primarily focused on the interdiction side of the Counterdrug effort. The military's roles and missions determine its level of involvement. This level of involvement satisfies the envisioned role delineated in the National Drug Control Strategy. An increase in the level of involvement by the U.S. military should not be undertaken until the National Drug Control Strategy clearly defines its desired end state."
Naval War College (U.S.). Joint Military Operations Department
Chicoine, E. Mark
1996-03-08
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Eligibility of Citizens of Freely Associated States for HUD Financial Assistance: Letter Opinion for the General Counsel, Department of Housing and Urban Development [March 7, 1996]
"The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development may not make financial assistance, including assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937, available for the benefit of citizens of the Freely Associated States (Federated States of Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Republic of Palau) who have entered the Territory of Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands as non-immigrants pursuant to section 141 of the Compact of Free Association. I am replying to your letter of October 3, 1995, in which you inquire whether section 214 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1980 (codified as amended at 42 U.S.C. § 1436a) ('section 214') precludes the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development from making financial assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 available for the benefit of citizens of the Freely Associated States (Federated States of Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Republic of Palau) who are present in the Territory of Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands pursuant to section 141 of the Compact of Free Association. We conclude that it does."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Legal Counsel
1996-03-07
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Challenge of Netwar for the Operational Commander
"The threat of intrusions to U.S. domestic and military infrastructure and information systems is very real and may affect our national security now and in the future. Information has become a new center of gravity that must be protected. Netwar is one tool of Information Warfare that the operational commander can use in defensive and offensive operations to gain information dominance. Netwar targets military or civilian non-weapons computer networks to gain a military advantage while it protects one's own systems from attack. With an overview of Netwar concepts, this paper explores the benefits of Netwar for the commander, the defensive and offensive decisions that must be made, and some prescriptions for the future that will enable the commander to fight and win conflicts effectively in the twenty-first century."
Naval War College (U.S.)
Poole, James A.
1996-03-06
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EAGLES and DRAGONS at Sea: The Inevitable 'Strategic Collision' between the United States and China
"Collision is imminent. To advance China's expanding maritime interests, the Chinese Navy is altering its strategic direction from ground-support missions to open-water operations. Meanwhile, the U.S. Navy is maintaining a steady course to strongly affirm the U.S. continuing commitment in the region. Thus, on the 'offshore' waters of the Western Pacific, the strategies of these two navies will inevitably collide. East Asia remains vital to America's economic renewal. It has the world's fastest-growing economies. It is also the U.S. biggest export market. Therefore, America's continued economic growth is tied to the region's enduring prosperity and security. But, all is not well in East Asia. There are a number of 'hot spots' that threaten regional stability. More importantly, behind almost every flash point in the area, China's shadow looms large in the distance. China is an emerging maritime power with towering aspirations. Clearly, the Chinese Navy will play a crucial role in promoting those ambitions. However, as the Chinese fleet prepares to sail away from its familiar shores, it is quickly discovering that the U.S. Navy's shadow looms even larger in the not too distant horizon."
Naval War College (U.S.)
Zalamea, Ulysses O.
1996-03-06
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Legal Authority to Approve Changes in use of Property Under Section 414 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969: Memorandum Opinion for the General Counsel, General Services Administration [March 5, 1996]
"The proposed sale of property at its fair market value in order to raise funds to build low and moderate income housing on different property constitutes a change in the use of property under section 414 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969 and the terms of the deed of the 1974 sale of the property. The Department of Housing and Urban Development and the General Services Administration could approve the proposed sale of property to a public body without violating section 414."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Legal Counsel
1996-03-05
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[Constitutionality of 13 C.F.R. § 124.103 Establishing Citizenship Requirement for Participation in 8(a) Program: Memorandum for Eric S. Benderson, Associate General Counsel, U.S. Small Business Administration, March 4, 1996]
"You have requested our opinion as to the constitutionality of a regulation of the Small Business Administration ('SBA'), 13 C.F.R. § 124.103, that limits eligibility for the SBA's 8(a) program for disadvantaged contractors to businesses owned by U.S. citizens. The SBA has defended the validity of its 8(a) citizenship requirement on the grounds that such a requirement is consistent with congressional intent. We agree with this conclusion, although we do so based upon a different legal analysis than the one relied upon by the SBA."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Legal Counsel
1996-03-04
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AF Policy Directive 16-6: Arms Control Agreements
The Air Force must comply with international treaties and arms-control related agreements made by the US Government. This directive establishes Air Force policy to ensure comprehensive implementation and full compliance with all relevant arms control and related agreements while maintaining US national defense goals and objectives. The Air Force will implement these treaties/agreements by integrating their requirements into the Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System at all levels. Additionally, continual review of policy, operations, force structure, and research, development, test and evaluation planning is mandatory to ensure Air Force interests are protected to the greatest extent possible. The following authorities and responsibilities are established: 4.1. The Deputy Chief of Staff, Plans and Operations (HQ USAF/XO) is the Air Force executive agent for arms control. 4.2. HQ USAF/XOXI is responsible for managing all aspects of the Air Force arms control process, including negotiations support, policy formulation, implementation, compliance, education and training, and overall budgeting. This directive implements national policies reflected in existing arms control agreements and treaties to which the United States is a party. This directive also implements DoD Directive 2060.1, "Implementation of, and Compliance With, Arms Control Agreements." Interfacing publications include AFI 16-601, "Arms Control Agreement Implementation and Compliance Guidance"; AFPD 10-6, "Mission Needs and Operational Requirements"; and AFI 10-601, "Mission Needs and Operational Requirements Guidance and Procedures". This document supersedes AFPD 16-6, from 12 March 1993. This publication is available digitally on the SAF/AAD WWW site at: http://afpubs.hq.af.mil.
United States. Department of the Air Force
1996-03-01
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Fireground Radio Communications and Firefighter Safety
"Concerns over radio channel overloading prompted the Providence Fire Department to obtain additional radio channels to supplement the existing single channel. The problem prompting this research was that the dispatch office was not staffed to monitor the use of additional channels. As a result, concerns were raised about the safety of operational personnel if the additional channels were not monitored by dispatchers. The purpose of this research was to develop a plan to implement the additional channels. The evaluative research method was used. The research questions were: 1. Is the existing single radio channel used by the Providence Fire Department adequate given the volume of radio traffic that the system is expected to handle? 2. Are there documented cases of firefighters being killed or injured where the fact that radio channels were too busy with other traffic was found to be a contributing factor? 3. Are there documented cases of firefighters being killed or injured where the lack of monitoring of the radio channel by dispatch personnel was found to be a contributing factor? 4. Do most fire departments that use multiple radio channels have dispatchers monitor all channels being used? 5. What procedures do fire departments that use unmonitored fireground channels use so that critical messages are properly transmitted, received, acknowledged and acted upon?"
National Fire Academy
Varone, J. Curtis
1996-03
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AF Instruction 16-601: Implementation of, and Compliance with, Arms Control Agreements
This instruction implements AFPD 16-6, "Arms Control Agreements", and Department of Defense (DoD) Directive 2060.1, "Implementation of, and Compliance With, Arms Control Agreements", July 31, 1992. It gives the directive requirements for implementing and complying with arms control agreements. It applies to all organizations involved in the acquisition, operation, and support of weapon systems or items that are affected by arms control and related agreements. Additional related publications include: AFPD 10-6, "Mission Needs and Operational Requirements and AFI 10-601, Mission Needs and Operational Requirements Guidance and Procedures". This revision adds education and training responsibilities to HQ USAF/XOXI (paragraph 1.1.10.); adds education and training responsibilities to MAJCOM Arms Control Offices (paragraph 1.2.); adds three treaties/agreements: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), and the Biological Weapons (BW) Trilateral Agreement (Table A1.1.); and deletes Air Force Arms Control Review Board and Security Policy Review Group. This instruction supercedes AFI 16-601, from 22 March 1994. This publication is available digitally on the AFDPO/PP WWW site at: http://afpubs.hq.af.mil.
United States. Department of the Air Force
1996-03-01
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Preparing for the 21st Century: An Appraisal of U.S. Intelligence
It is prudent to reexamine a costly government activity closely tied to that era. Legislative attempts in the early 1990s to restructure and reform intelligence had not been seen as producing significant change. Reform efforts within the Executive branch had proceeded by fits and starts. Intelligence agencies touted new forays into areas such as intelligence on the environment, leading many observers to conclude they had lost focus and were searching for reasons to justify their existence. In addition, new questions arose about the competence and accountability of intelligence agencies. The Ames espionage case, in particular, raised concerns not only about the failure of the CIA to detect a rather clumsy spy in its midst, but also about the degree to which the agency holds accountable those responsible. By the fall of 1994, Congress decided the time had come for a "credible, independent, and objective review of the Intelligence Community" and established this Commission to perform it. Nineteen separate areas were identified for assessment. The Commission began operations on March 1, 1995 and conducted a rigorous inquiry during the following twelve months. It received formal testimony from 84 witnesses, and its staff interviewed over 200 other individuals. Members of the Commission visited several foreign countries with which the U.S. has cooperative relationships in the intelligence area, and the Commission reviewed a large amount of written opinion on intelligence issues. The results of its inquiry are reflected in the fourteen chapters that follow this summary.
United States. Government Printing Office
1996-03-01
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Fire and Emergency Medical Services Ergonomics: A Guide for Understanding and Implementing An Ergonomics Program in Your Department
Details ways local fire and rescue departments can develop or enhance effective programs designed to avoid or minimize injuries that are common in the workplace.
United States Fire Administration
1996-03
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Annual Report to Congress: Department of Energy Activities Relating to the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board: Calendar Year 1995
"This is the sixth Annual Report to the Congress describing Department of Energy (Department) activities in response to Recommendations and other interactions with the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (Board). The Board, an independent executive-branch agency established in 1988, provides advice and recommendations to the Secretary of Energy regarding public health and safety issues at the Department's defense nuclear facilities. The Board also reviews and evaluates the content and implementation of health and safety standards, and other requirements, relating to the design, construction, operation, and decommissioning of the Department's defense nuclear facilities. The Department has made significant progress on health and safety issues during 1995. The Department has established a number of broad-based initiatives to increase health and safety assurance. Key Department initiatives include the Strategic Alignment, Directives Reform, Contract Reform, the Department Standards Program, Integrated Safety Management of Research and Development Activities, and the Advisory Committee on External Regulation. The Department has also reduced the number of open Board Recommendations by 19 percent (from 21 to 17). Six Board Recommendations were closed as a result of Department activities while only two new Board Recommendations were received. In addition, the Department continues to make progress at improving the quality of communication and interaction between the Department and the Board."
United States. Department of Energy
1996-03
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Two Firefighter Deaths in Auto Parts Store Fire: Chesapeake, Virginia
"On March 18, 1996, two firefighters were killed in Chesapeake, Virginia when they became trapped by a rapidly spreading fire in an auto parts store and pre-engineered wood truss roof assembly collapsed on them. The cause of the fire was an electrical short created when a power company truck working in the rear of the building drove away with its boom in an elevated position, accidentally pulling an electrical feed line from the main breaker panel at the rear of the store. Post-incident investigations indicate that the electrical fault may have sparked multiple points of fire origin throughout the roof structure of the building, due to improperly grounded wiring."
United States Fire Administration
Routley, J. Gordon; Stern, Jeff
1996-03
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Combating Violence and Delinquency: The National Juvenile Justice Action Plan Report
"The Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention's National Juvenile Justice Action Plan (Action Plan) presents innovative and effective strategies designed to reduce violence and victimization. Through these efforts, communities and citizens are working to bring about positive change. They are establishing neighborhood watches and citizen patrols and working with law enforcement and other agencies to close down drug houses. They are cleaning up playgrounds and parks and creating drug- and weapon-free school zones. They are forming community planning teams to identify risk factors for delinquency, assess resources and needs, and provide programs designed to prevent juvenile involvement in delinquency and crime. They are creating opportunities for youth to take part in community-building activities. In concert with community oriented policing and strict accountability for offenders, these local prevention efforts are our Nation's most effective long-term weapons against crime and violence. [...] The Action Plan describes how communities can generate solutions and how individuals and groups can prevent or reduce violence in their own block, public housing unit, or neighborhood. Cooperative partnerships among justice, health, child welfare, education, and social service systems can lay the foundation for measurable successes. Working together, individuals, groups, and communities can make real and sustained changes. The Action Plan also provides important information about Federal training, technical assistance, grants, research, evaluation, and other resources that support these efforts."
United States. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (U.S.)
1996-03
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Land Mine Warfare: Detection and Clearance
Land mines have become an integral part of twentieth century warfare; but unlike other weapons, blind terrorism remains long after the war. This compilation of citations highlights the major technological efforts presently available or being developed in the world of land mine warfare, mine detection, and mine clearance from the Defense Technical Information Center (DTlC). The authors of the following papers describe the nature of many varieties of both plastic and metal land mines and the measures being developed to clear them in a safe humanitarian manner.
Defense Technical Information Center (U.S.)
Cupp, Christian M.; Levine, Phyllis; Lee, Catheryn
1996-03
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Readiness Training Program for Nursing Personnel in the AMEDD, Volume II, Training Support Package
This U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine Training Support Package provides a detailed overview for nursing personnel to develop and maintain skills proficiencies in "...a deployed or field status.' 'The Readiness Training Program has been developed to help nursing personnel develop and sustain their proficiencies in clinical skills and functions critical to the successful performance of their roles in a deployed or field status. 2. In keeping with the Army Medical Department (AMEDD) mission of maintaining the medical, clinical, and technical readiness of medical units and personnel to support the Army in the theater of operations, each of you is asked to support the widest possible implementation of the Readiness Training Program among all nursing personnel in the AMEDD. 3. The Training Support Package contains training guidelines and actual training objectives that will facilitate use of the program among nursing personnel in both the Active and Reserve Components of the AMEDD. Additionally, videotapes for the Readiness Training Program are available at training and audiovisual support centers to assist trainers with planning an initial assessment of the skill and knowledge proficiency of nursing personnel in their unit. Nursing personnel responsible for conserving the fighting strength need to maintain their competencies in skills and functions critical to their roles in a deployed or field status. In the past, nursing personnel have relied on their everyday experiences in fixed healthcare facilities to maintain their competencies in field nursing practice. However, there is now a widening gap between nursing practice in high-technology, automated fixed healthcare facilities and nursing practice in field medical treatment facilities. Therefore, the Joint Services Nursing Advisory Group (JSNAG), which is a tri-service advisory group to the Defense Medical Standardization' Board (DMSB), recommended that a study be conducted to examine the extent to which job-related and training experiences currently prepare nursing personnel for patient care in a deployed or field status. The purpose of this TSP is to provide leaders and trainers with information and materials needed to implement the RTP for nursing personnel in their unit. Included in the TSP are an explanation of the training program as well as task summaries for clinical skills and battle-focused functions (BFFs). Principles of training as well as management of the training program are discussed."
U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine
1996-03
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Border Patrol: Staffing and Enforcement Activities, Report to Congressional Committees
"At the end of fiscal year 1994, according to INS data, the Border Patrol had assigned 3,911 of its 4,260 Border Patrol agents to its 145 Border Patrol stations. As of September 13, 1995, according to INS data, it had hired and finished training 530 Border Patrol agents and had an additional 369 agents in training. These new agents are estimated to represent 22 percent of INS expected overall increase. These 899 new hires were not included in our analysis because they were not deployed at the end of fiscal year 1994. Of the 3,911 agents at Border Patrol stations at the end of fiscal year 1994, 3,088 (79 percent) were located at 85 stations that were within 25 miles of the nations border, including 2,543 agents who were located at the 32 Southwest Border stations. Of the 3,911 agents, 701 agents (18 percent) were located at 41 stations that were between 26 and 100 miles from the border, and 122 agents (3 percent) were located at 19 stations that were over 100 miles from the border."
United States. Government Accountability Office
1996-03
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CBO Paper: Costs of Expanding the NATO Alliance
"The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has made the decision to expand its membership. The alliance has not chosen which nations to admit and thus has not estimated the costs of expansion. The public debate, however, has centered around admitting Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. This Congressional Budget Office (CBO) paper, prepared at the request of the House Committee on International Relations, examines hypothetical options to defend those four nations if they were admitted to the alliance and estimates the cost of undertaking each option."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
1996-03
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Modelling Terrorist Behavior: Developing Investigative Decision Making through the Analysis of Empirical Databases
"This report outlines further developments in the behavioral modelling and elucidates further developments in the theoretical underpinning of this project, which is aimed at developing multidimensional models of hostage-taking interactions to predict outcome from patterns of interrelated behaviors observable during an incident. In addition to the continued analysis of actions observed during terrorist hostage taking, the theoretical psychological rationale of the models produced has been greatly advanced. As the models of behavior are developed, it is seen as particularly important to drive their evolution with sound psychological theory."
U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences
Canter, David; Wilson, Margaret; Smith, Alaster
1996-03
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Ballistic Missile Defenses and Russian Retaliation Issues
"An examination of the degradation of a Russian retaliatory nuclear strike if the U.S. and Russia were to deploy theater or anti-ballistic missile defenses in their homelands. Consideration is given to efforts for restoring the effectiveness of a Russian retaliation, and the effects on first strike stability of deployments of theater missile defenses in one or both homelands."
United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency
Nyland, F. S.; Nyland Enterprises (U.S.)
1996-03
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DOE Handbook: Establishing Nuclear Facility Drill Programs
"The purpose of DOE Handbook, 'Establishing Nuclear Facility Drill Programs', is to provide DOE contractor organizations with guidance for development or modification of drill programs that both train on and evaluate facility training and procedures dealing with a variety of abnormal and emergency operating situations likely to occur at a facility. The Handbook focuses on conducting drills as part of a training and qualification program (typically within a single facility), and is not intended to included responses of personnel beyond the site boundary, e.g. Local or State Emergency Management, Law Enforcement, etc. Each facility is expected to develop its own
facility specific scenarios, and should not limit them to equipment failures but should include personnel injuries and other likely events."
United States. Department of Energy
1996-03
