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ICE Needs to Address Concerns About Detainee Care and Treatment at the Howard County Detention Center
From the Highlights: "As directed by Congress, we conduct annual unannounced inspections of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention facilities to ensure compliance with detention standards. In December 2019, we inspected Howard County Detention Center (HCDC) in Jessup, Maryland, to evaluate compliance with ICE detention standards. We made two recommendations to improve ICE's oversight of detention facility management and operations at HCDC."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
Shiffer, John D.; Burns, Amy; Christian, Stephanie . . .
2020-10-28
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Europe, COVID-19, and U.S. Relations [Updated October 28, 2020]
From the Document: "Like most of the rest of the world, European governments and the European Union (EU) have struggled to manage the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. European leaders have characterized the pandemic as Europe's biggest challenge since the Second World War, with potentially far-reaching political, social, and economic consequences beyond the public health impact. COVID-19 also has added new tensions to an already strained U.S.- European partnership. Members of Congress may be interested in COVID-19's implications for U.S. relations with Europe, including in NATO and with the EU, and in how the pandemic might alter certain U.S.-European dynamics, especially vis-à-vis China."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin; Belkin, Paul; Garding, Sarah E. . . .
2020-10-28
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Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act [Updated October 28, 2020]
From the Document: "The Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act (Global Magnitsky Act, Title XII, Subtitle F of P.L. 114- 328; 22 U.S.C. §2656 note) authorizes the President to impose economic sanctions and deny entry into the United States to any foreign person identified as engaging in human rights abuse or corruption."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weber, Michael A.; Collins-Chase, Edward J.
2020-10-28
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Joint Cybersecurity Advisory: Ransomware Activity Targeting the Healthcare and Public Health Sector
From the Summary: "This joint cybersecurity advisory was coauthored by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). This advisory describes the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) used by cybercriminals against targets in the Healthcare and Public Health Sector (HPH) to infect systems with ransomware, notably Ryuk and Conti, for financial gain. CISA, FBI, and HHS have credible information of an increased and imminent cybercrime threat to U.S. hospitals and healthcare providers. CISA, FBI, and HHS are sharing this information to provide warning to healthcare providers to ensure that they take timely and reasonable precautions to protect their networks from these threats."
United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency; United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation; United States. Department of Health and Human Services
2020-10-28
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Respondendo á COVID-19 na África: Usando dados para encontrar um equilíbrio (parte II)
"Este relatório foi produzido pela Partnership for Evidence-Based Response to COVID-19 (PERC), uma parceria público-privada que apoia medidas baseadas em evidências para reduzir o impacto da COVID-19 [enfermedad del coronavirus 2019] nos Estados Membros da União Africana (UA). O objetivo deste relatório, e da parceria em geral, é ajudar os governos a determinar a aceitabilidade, o impacto e a eficácia das medidas de saúde pública e sociais (MSPSs) para a COVID-19, incluindo seus impactos secundários na saúde, segurança alimentar e economia. O relatório baseia-se nas conclusões de uma pesquisa telefônica com mais de 24.000 adultos em 18 Estados Membros da UA (realizada entre 4 e 17 de agosto de 2020), bem como dados sociais, econômicos, epidemiológicos, de circulação da população, mídia e segurança. Briefings sobre cada um dos 18 Estados Membros da UA estão disponíveis em: [https://preventepidemics.org/covid19/perc/]. Este é o segundo relatório regional da série da PERC 'Respondendo à COVID-19 na África: Usando dados para encontrar um equilíbrio'; o primeiro relatório regional da PERC, publicado em maio de 2020, combinou dados multissetoriais de forma semelhante, incluindo achados de uma pesquisa realizada em 28 cidades em 20 Estados Membros da UA. Desde o primeiro relatório, a PERC publicou uma série de atualizações quinzenais, que também podem ser acessadas no link acima ."
Partnership for Evidence-Based Response to COVID-19 (PERC)
2020-10-28?
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Role of Cities as First Responders to Pandemics: Focusing on the Case of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's Response to COVID-19
From the Abstract: "This study was conducted to discuss the role of urban governments in the future, including intercity network construction, by reviewing cases of responding to COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] in Seoul amid changes in the international situation caused by COVID-19. This paper is organized into four sections. First, this paper described the outbreak of COVID-19 in Seoul from January to August 2020 and the Seoul city's response over time. Second, the background of Alliance for Multilateralism and inter-city cooperation in accordance with the changes in the international situation due to COVID-19 was explained. Third, the response of the Seoul Metropolitan Government to the pandemic was reviewed based on the following four characteristics: (i) Social distancing; (ii) Enhanced contact tracing; (iii) Widespread testing; and, (iv) Early preparation. Finally, this paper reviewed how Seoul city cooperated with overseas cities in order to overcome the pandemic crisis, as well as the cases in which 25 autonomous districts of Seoul shared their policies using the Healthy Cities Network."
Nautilus Institute
Shon, Changwoo
2020-10-28?
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Enhanced Industry-Wide Hotel Cleaning Guidelines in Response to COVID-19
From the Document: "The hotel industry has a longstanding commitment to cleanliness and safety for our employees and guests. We continue this commitment during the public health crisis. The [included] health and safety guidelines represent best practices for the hotel industry, in accordance with CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] guidelines, during the re-opening phase of the economy. It is anticipated that these guidelines and protocols will evolve based on the recommendations of public health authorities and must be done in compliance with any federal, state and local laws."
American Hotel & Lodging Association
2020-10-28
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Inspection of Small Business Administration's Initial Disaster Assistance Response to the Coronavirus Pandemic
From the Document: "This report presents the results of our inspection to assess the Small Business Administration's (SBA's) initial disaster assistance response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. SBA's Disaster Assistance Program is the federal government's primary program for providing disaster assistance. SBA provides Economic Injury Disaster Loans (EIDLs) of up to $2 million to eligible entities such as small businesses, nonprofits, farms, etc."
United States. Small Business Administration. Office of the Inspector General
2020-10-28
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COVID-19: Considerations for First Responders [video]
This presentation explores violent extremist exploitation of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019], considerations complicating first responders' response, and provides a research project overview and resources for first responders. The duration of the video is 49 minutes and 29 seconds.
National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (U.S.)
Braniff, Bill; Koven, Barnett S.
2020-10-28
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Veterans Crisis Line Challenges, Contingency Plans, and Successes During the COVID-19 Pandemic
From the Executive Summary: "The Office of Inspector General (OIG) is conducting a series of reviews focusing on the Veterans Health Administration's (VHA) management of key clinical areas during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic that are crucial to the well-being of veterans. This review focused on select Veterans Crisis Line (VCL) operations ranging from contingency planning to quality metrics and lessons learned. The VCL is organizationally aligned under the VHA Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention and operates 24 hours per day and 7 days per week, with call centers in Canandaigua, New York; Atlanta, Georgia; and Topeka, Kansas. [...] As COVID-19 evolved, many Americans, including veterans, experienced a range of negative effects from fear and social isolation to unemployment and financial insolvency. Because of these and other stressors associated with the pandemic, an increase in the volume of incoming VCL calls, chats, and texts was expected. [...] Overall, VCL leaders repeatedly expressed that although initially reluctant, the transition to telework had improved staff morale and decreased unplanned leave usage, as well as positioned the VCL to recruit additional staff and enhance future services operations. The OIG was impressed with VCL leaders' and employees' efforts to promote employee health safety and ensure that the VCL met its mission to provide immediate access to crisis intervention services during the COVID-19 pandemic."
United States. Department of Veterans Affairs. Office of Inspector General
2020-10-28
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Cuba: U.S. Policy Overview [Updated October 28, 2020]
From the Document: "Since the early 1960s, when the United States imposed a trade embargo on Cuba, the centerpiece of U.S. policy toward Cuba has consisted of economic sanctions aimed at isolating the government. In 2014, the Obama Administration initiated a policy shift moving away from sanctions toward engagement and the normalization of relations. Changes included the rescission of Cuba's designation as a state sponsor of international terrorism (May 2015); the restoration of diplomatic relations (July 2015); and an easing of restrictions on travel, remittances, trade, telecommunications, and banking and financial services (2015 and 2016), accomplished through amendments to the Cuban Assets Control Regulations (CACR), administered by the Treasury Department, and the Export Administration Regulations, administered by the Commerce Department. The restoration of relations led to increased government-to-government engagement, with over 20 bilateral agreements and numerous dialogues."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sullivan, Mark P.
2020-10-28
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Title X Family Planning Program [Updated October 28, 2020]
From the Introduction: "The Title X Family Planning Program (Title X) was enacted in 1970 as Title X of the Public Health Service Act (PHS Act). Title X provides grants to public and nonprofit agencies for family planning services, research, and training. The Office of Population Affairs (OPA) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) administers Title X, which is the only domestic federal program devoted solely to family planning and related preventive health services. This In Focus answers questions on Title X, legislative mandates, and other family planning programs, and it identifies resources for Title X projects during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Napili, Angela
2020-10-28
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Current Data Gaps in Modeling Essential Worker Absenteeism Due to COVID-19
From the Abstract: "With the uncertain physical and mental health implications of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] infection, companies have taken a myriad of actions that aim to reduce the risk of employees contracting the virus, with most grounded in reducing or eliminating in-person interactions. Our preliminary analysis indicates that while there is some data to support modelling absenteeism, there are gaps in the available evidence, requiring the use of assumptions that limit precision and efficacy for decision support. Improved data on time-to-recovery after hospitalization, absenteeism due to family or other household member illness, and mental health's impact on returning to work will support the development of more robust absenteeism models and analytical approaches."
Cambridge University Press
White, Zackery; Schlegelmilch, Jeffrey; Ratner, Jackie . . .
2020-10-28
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Nigeria: #EndSARS Protests Against Police Brutality [October 27, 2020]
From the Document: "Since early October, large youth-led protests against police abuses have shaken cities across Nigeria, Africa's most populous country. The demonstrations emerged after video circulated on social media purporting to show an extrajudicial killing by members of the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), a unit of the national Nigeria Police Force (NPF) responsible for investigating violent offenses. SARS personnel previously had been implicated in extensive human rights abuses by what the U.S. State Department describes as 'credible international organizations.' In response to protesters' calls to disband SARS--a demand amplified on Twitter and other social media via the hashtag #EndSARS--President Muhammadu Buhari announced on October 11 that the unit would be dissolved and its officers retrained and redeployed as part of a new task force. Demonstrations and social media campaigns have continued, with activists criticizing SARS's dissolution as insufficient and calling for additional reforms, including accountability for past abuses and higher police salaries to reduce incentives for extortion. The government has cracked down on the unrest; since mid-October, security forces, including military personnel, reportedly have killed dozens of protesters."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Husted, Tomas F.
2020-10-27
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'California v. Texas': The Fate of the Affordable Care Act [October 27, 2020]
From the Document: "On November 10, 2020, the Supreme Court is scheduled to hear oral argument in 'California v. Texas' (consolidated with the related case 'Texas v. California'), a constitutional challenge to the Affordable Care Act's (ACA's) individual mandate. The suit also seeks to invalidate the ACA's many other provisions, which cover a range of issues such as the regulation of private health insurance, changes to public health care programs like Medicaid and Medicare, funding for preventive health care programs, drug regulation, and nutritional content display at restaurants. This Sidebar provides background on the ACA's individual mandate, including relevant prior litigation, followed by a discussion of the 'California v. Texas' case, including the parties' arguments in the case. It concludes with some select considerations for Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Liu, Edward C.
2020-10-27
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Federal Law Enforcement Use of Facial Recognition Technology [October 27, 2020]
From the Document: "Law enforcement agencies' use of facial recognition technology (FRT), while not a new practice, has received increased attention from policymakers and the public. In the course of carrying out their duties, federal law enforcement agencies may use FRT for a variety of purposes. [...] This report provides an overview of federal law enforcement agencies' use of FRT, including the current status of scientific standards for its use. The report includes a discussion of how FRT may be used by law enforcement agencies with traditional policing missions as well as by those charged with securing the U.S. borders. It also discusses considerations for policymakers debating whether or how to influence federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies' use of FRT."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Finklea, Kristin; Harris, Laurie A.; Kolker, Abigail F. . . .
2020-10-27
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U.S.-China Strategic Competition in South and East China Seas: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated October 27, 2020]
From the Introduction: "This report provides background information and issues for Congress regarding U.S.-China strategic competition in the South China Sea (SCS) and East China Sea (ECS). In an international security environment described as one of renewed great power competition, the South China Sea (SCS) has emerged as an arena of U.S.-China strategic competition. U.S.-China strategic competition in the SCS forms an element of the Trump Administration's more confrontational overall approach toward China, and of the Administration's efforts for promoting its construct for the Indo-Pacific region, called the Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP). [...] The issue for Congress is whether the Trump Administration's strategy for competing strategically with China in the SCS and ECS is appropriate and correctly resourced, and whether Congress should approve, reject, or modify the strategy, the level of resources for implementing it, or both. Decisions that Congress makes on these issues could substantially affect U.S. strategic, political, and economic interests in the Indo-Pacific region and elsewhere."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2020-10-27
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H. Rept. 116-563, Part 1: Climate Risk Disclosure Act of 2019, Report Together with Minority Views, to Accompany H.R. 3623, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, October 27, 2020
From the Purpose and Summary: "On July 5, 2019, Representative Sean Casten introduced H.R. 3623, the Climate Risk Disclosure Act of 2019, which requires public companies to disclose in their annual reports information relating to the financial and business risks associated with climate change. H.R. 3623 also requires the SEC [Securities and Exchange Commission] to establish, in consultation with other relevant Federal agencies, climate-related risk disclosure metrics and guidance, which will be industry-specific, and will require companies to make both quantitative and qualitative disclosures."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2020-10-27
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Guyana: An Overview [Updated October 27, 2020]
From the Document: "Located on the north coast of South America, English-speaking Guyana has characteristics of a Caribbean nation because of its British colonial heritage (the country became independent in 1966). Guyana participates in Caribbean regional organizations, and its capital Georgetown serves as headquarters for the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), a regional integration organization. In 2020, Guyana has faced two major challenges--a political crisis concerning the conduct of the March 2, 2020, elections, and a public health threat due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sullivan, Mark P.
2020-10-27
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European Union: Questions and Answers [Updated October 27, 2020]
From the Document: "The European Union (EU) is a political and economic partnership that represents a unique form of cooperation among sovereign countries. The EU is the latest stage in a process of integration begun after World War II, initially by six Western European countries, to foster interdependence and make another war in Europe unthinkable. The EU currently consists of 27 member states, including most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and has helped to promote peace, stability, and economic prosperity throughout the European continent."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin
2020-10-27
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, October 27, 2020: COVID-19 Outbreak Among a University's Men's and Women's Soccer Teams -- Chicago, Illinois, July-August 2020
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Outbreak Among a University's Men's and Women's Soccer Teams -- Chicago, Illinois, July-August 2020." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2020.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-10-27
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Connected Convenience: How People Are Finding and Fostering Togetherness Online
From the Document: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] has rapidly transformed how people connect with their friends and family, colleagues and communities. In spite of physical distancing measures, people have found a sense of togetherness through digital tools and online touchpoints. These new connections are changing the nature of relationships and long-held payment habits, and in order to stay relevant, businesses are having to adapt. Connected Convenience examines how the innate human need for connection is increasingly being expressed online with a focus on two key areas: the ways people socialize and how consumers interact with businesses. We'll take a closer look at what this shift to connected convenience means for consumer behavior and how brands can leverage new modes of communication to strengthen their relationship with consumers."
Facebook, Inc.
2020-10-27?
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 1426, Timely Review of Infrastructure Act
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the House Committee on Energy and Commerce on July 15, 2020. From the Document: "H.R. 1426 would authorize the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to increase the compensation for certain positions if the agency certifies that the compensation under current law is insufficient to retain or attract personnel. The certifications would be valid for five years and could be extended."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-10-27
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 3958, Expedited Delivery of Airport Infrastructure Act of 2020
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on July 22, 2020. From the Document: "The Airport Improvement Program (AIP) provides grants to airport sponsors for capital improvement projects related to airport safety, capacity, and security. S. 3958 would expand the definition of eligible AIP project costs for future grants to include contractor incentive payments. The payments would be capped at the lesser of $1 million or 5 percent of the project's contract value. S. 3958 would not provide additional contract authority (a mandatory form of budget authority) for the AIP or increase the program's existing obligation limitations. Under current law, however, airport sponsors are authorized to use funds from other Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) grants for contractor incentive payments, including those newly provided under the CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act (Public Law 116-136)."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-10-27
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 3152, Data Mapping to Save Moms' Lives Act
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on July 22, 2020. From the Document: "S. 3152 would require the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to incorporate data on maternal health outcomes into its most recently available broadband health mapping tools. In addition, the bill would require the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to report to the Congress on the effectiveness of Internet connectivity in reducing maternal morbidity rates."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-10-27
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Common Investigation Protocol for Investigating Suspected SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection
From the Protocol Summary: "This protocol is designed to support a common public health investigation into suspected SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] reinfection cases across jurisdictions. Confirming SARS-CoV-2 reinfection requires advanced laboratory diagnostic support built upon advanced planning to implement this protocol, or a locally adapted version, with referral of specimens to supporting laboratory networks. Data collected with this protocol will identify potential cases of reinfection, advance understanding of SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology, and inform public health response."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-10-27
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Forced Labor Imports: DHS Increased Resources and Enforcement Efforts, but Needs to Improve Workforce Planning and Monitoring, Report to Congressional Requesters
From the GAO (Government Accountability Office) Highlights: "Forced labor is a global problem in which individuals are exploited to perform labor or services. The International Labour Organization estimates that forced labor generates profits of $150 billion a year globally. CBP [Customs and Border Protection] is responsible for enforcing Section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930, which prohibits the importation of goods made with forced labor. CBP has authority to detain shipments when information indicates that forced labor produced the goods. ICE [Immigration and Customs Enforcement] is responsible for investigating potential crimes related to forced labor, and importers may be subject to prosecution. GAO was asked to review the status of DHS resources for implementing the Section 307 prohibition on forced labor imports, following an amendment of the law in 2016. This report examines (1) the extent to which CBP assessed agency needs for the enforcement of the prohibition on forced labor imports, (2) the outcome of CBP enforcement activities and monitoring of such efforts, and (3) ICE resources for investigations on forced labor. GAO reviewed CBP and ICE documents and data, and interviewed agency officials."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2020-10-27
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Connecticut Interim COVID-19 Vaccination Plan
From the Executive Summary: "Connecticut's COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Mass Vaccination Plan Appendix describes and documents the expected response by the Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH) and its local public health and healthcare partners to implement an effective statewide COVID-19 mass vaccination initiative. Connecticut has established the multidisciplinary, multi-departmental Public Health COVID-19 Vaccination Workgroup to develop this plan and coordinate planning activities."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-10-27
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COVID-19 Healthcare Resource Roadmap
From the Document: "This 'COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Healthcare Resource Roadmap' (Roadmap), as developed by FEMA, is to assist state, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) leaders and stakeholders with navigating some of the challenges, as well as the resources, associated with the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Specifically, the Roadmap describes how supplemental appropriated funds, in particular funding authorized under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, and certain ongoing annually funded federal programs, can be used to implement potential solutions. [...] The Roadmap is to assist in challenges that federal departments and agencies which work directly with SLTT partners have identified in healthcare and COVID-19 pandemic recovery. Although not an exhaustive list, the identified challenges that follow fall within five topic areas: [1] Patient Care Delivery; [2] Healthcare Workforce Protection and Expansion; [3] Hospital Operations and Financial Management; [4] Post-Acute and Long-Term Care and Other Implications of COVID-19; [5] Vaccine Administration. Each topic area consists of a flowchart of specific challenges, potential solutions, and federal department or agency resources, including federal funding and technical assistance which may be available."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2020-10-27
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CBP Has Taken Steps to Limit Processing of Undocumented Aliens at Ports of Entry
From the Highlights: "We conducted this review to determine whether U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) was turning away asylum seekers at the Southwest Border ports of entry. We made three recommendations aimed at bringing CBP operations in line with long-established practices and promoting the efficient processing of undocumented aliens."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
Martell, Tatyana; Kingma, Elizabeth; Brown, Adam . . .
2020-10-27
