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ITL Bulletin: Improving the Trustworthiness of Email, and Beyond! (April 2018)
This document is the Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) Bulletin for April 2018 from the National Institute of Standards and Technology. From the introduction: "Each of us relies heavily on electronic mail (email) exchanges at home and at work, but the integrity of these transactions is often at risk. By one count, in the time it takes to read this sentence, 18,730,509 emails will have been sent somewhere on the Internet. (Unfortunately, 12.5 million of those will likely be spam!) Many emails include financial, proprietary, and privacy-related information that needs to be protected.This article introduces some of the work that is being done to address solutions for providing digital signature technologies to authenticate and protect the integrity of email on an end-to-end basis, protecting confidentiality of email in transit among organizations. These tools have been available but not widely adopted in the past. Yet, operating an email system without taking advantage of these security and privacy tools increases risks unnecessarily. NIST's [National Institute of Standards and Technology] Information Technology Laboratory, through the National Cybersecurity Center of Excellence (NCCoE), recently published Special Publication (SP) 1800-6, Domain Name System-Based Electronic Mail Security, as a guide for how to architect, install, and configure a security platform for trustworthy email exchanges across organizational boundaries."
National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.); Information Technology Laboratory (National Institute of Standards and Technology). Computer Security Division
Rose, Scott; Feldman, Larry; Witte, Greg
2018-04
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United States Attorneys' Bulletin: Delivering Effective and Engaging Training, Volume 66 Number 3, April 2018
This edition of the United States Attorneys' Bulletin covers Training. The following articles are included: "Training's Role"; "Designing Training to Improve Employee Performance"; "Tips for Effective and Engaging Presentations"; "Developing Effective Materials and Slides"; "Lessons Learned: Confessions of a Training Officer"; "Practical Tips for Effective Panels"; "How to Build a Smoking Gun"; "Lessons for Trials from Cognitive Research"; "Keys to Successful Webinars"; "Testing Students to Improve Learning: A Practical Academic Perspective"; "Effective Training: The Students' Perspective"; and "International Training: Challenges and Rewards."
Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys
2018-04
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SCADA Fusion with Commercial Fission
"Nuclear power plants rely on digital components, like supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) devices, to perform daily operations. These devices can contain software vulnerabilities. To address SCADA and other cyber threats, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has issued directives for licensed operators to submit cybersecurity plans for their facilities. While the guidance is on par with other sectors, the application may be inadequate. Protection against cyber-attacks becomes more important as SCADA systems become more standardized and connected to other networks. In addition to resilient components, improvements like redundancy, whitelisting, and intrusion detection systems can help improve a SCADA network. Ultimately, the nuclear power industry may need to undergo a culture shift in order to reduce the vulnerability of these systems. An information- sharing and analysis center can also provide lessons learned and expertise to the NRC and nuclear power plants in the U.S."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Horner, Matthew
2018-04
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Program Aimed at Combating the Storm
"A hurricane can leave a trail of devastation that includes loss of life and property. It can also have a major impact on the economy. Florida's Division of Emergency Management created the Hurricane Loss Mitigation Program in response to the damage Hurricane Andrew caused to Florida's insurance market in 1992. Its aim is to minimize some of the risks associated with a storm. The Florida Legislature initiated the Hurricane Catastrophe Trust Fund, which subsequently authorized the HLMP to encourage local partners to engage in best practices to reduce risk and losses."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2018-04
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FEMA Mitigation Best Practices: Mitigation: A Tale of Two Restaurants
"When the floodwaters receded from Texas' Gulf Coast in September 2017, the damage from Hurricane Harvey was massive and far-reaching. Restaurateur Keith Lilley had lived through other catastrophic storms and was not surprised when tons of water were dumped on his tiny hometown of Dickinson, about 30 miles south of Houston. [...] Floods are the most common and destructive natural disaster in the United States. About 90 per cent of all natural disasters involve flooding, and all 50 states have experienced floods in the past five years. Damages from floods are not covered under a standard homeowner's insurance policy."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2018-04
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Africa's Active Militant Islamist Groups
This map depicts active African militant Islamist groups, broken down by country and fatalities: "Violent events linked to militant Islamist groups in Africa rose by 38 percent over the past year. All major groups show an increase in activity."
National Defense University. Africa Center for Strategic Studies
2018-04
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Medical Surveillance Monthly Report [April 2018]
"Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR), in continuous publication since 1995, is produced by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch (AFHSB). The MSMR provides evidence-based estimates of the incidence, distribution, impact and trends of illness and injuries among United States military members and associated populations. Most reports in the MSMR are based on summaries of medical administrative data that are routinely provided to the AFHSB and integrated into the Defense Medical Surveillance System for health surveillance purposes.' This edition includes the following articles: "Coccidioidomycosis, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2007-2017" by Valerie F. Williams, MA, MS; Shauna Stahlman, PhD, MPH; Gi-Taik Oh, MS; "Update: Heat illness, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2017"; "Update: Exertional rhabdomyolysis, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2013-2017"; "Update: Exertional hyponatremia, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2002-2017."
Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (U.S.)
Williams, Valerie F.; Stahlman, Shauna; Oh, Gi-taik
2018-04
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HIV Infection, Risk, Prevention, and Testing Behaviors Among Heterosexuals at Increased Risk for HIV Infection: National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 17 U.S. Cities, 2016
"This report summarizes findings from the fourth NHBS [National HIV Behavioral Surveillance] data collection among heterosexuals at increased risk for HIV infection, which was conducted in 2016; previous years of data among heterosexuals at increased risk for HIV infection (2007, 2010, 2013) have been published. The report provides descriptive, unweighted data that can be used to describe HIV infection among heterosexuals at increased risk for HIV infection and the percentages reporting specific risk behaviors, HIV testing, and participation in prevention programs. Monitoring these outcomes is useful for assessing risk behaviors and the use of prevention efforts over time and for identifying new HIV prevention opportunities for this population."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
Sionean, Catlainn; Doyle, Kate; Xia, Mingjing . . .
2018-04
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CTC Sentinel [April 2018]
This CTC Sentinel published by the Combating Terrorism Center (CTC) at West Point features the following articles: "NYPD [New York Police Department] vs. Revolution Muslim: The Inside Story of the Defeat of a Local Radicalization Hub," by Jesse Morton and Mitchell Silber; "A View from the CT [Counter-Terrorism] Foxhole: Five Years After the Boston Marathon Bombing," by Nicholas Tallant; "The Islamic State's Lingering Legacy among Young Men from the Mosul Area," by Scott Atran, Hoshang Waziri, Ángel Gómez, Hammad Sheikh, Lucía López-Rodríguez, Charles Rogan, and Richard Davis; "Challenging the ISK [Islamic State Khorasan] Brand in Afghanistan-Pakistan: Rivalries and Divided Loyalties," by Amira Jadoon, Nakissa Jahanbani, and Charmaine Willis; and "The British Hacker Who Became the Islamic State's Chief Terror Cyber-Coach: A Profile of Junaid Hussain," by Nafees Hamid.
Combating Terrorism Center (U.S.)
2018-04
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Department of Health and Human Services: Office of Inspector General's Use of Agreements to Protect the Integrity of Federal Health Care Programs, Report to Congressional Requesters
"HHS-OIG [Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Inspector General] has the authority to exclude providers and other entities that have committed certain acts, such as submitting false or fraudulent claims, from participation in federal health care programs. However, HHS-OIG can enter into agreements--CIAs [Corporate Integrity Agreements] and IAs [Integrity Agreements]--with providers and other entities as an alternative to exclusion. HHS-OIG is responsible for negotiating such agreements--which it typically does at the same time the Department of Justice [DOJ] is negotiating a legal settlement to resolve related allegations--and then monitoring the entities' compliance with them. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to review HHS-OIG's use of these agreements. This report describes (1) the number of agreements and their general characteristics; (2) the circumstances that may lead to an agreement and the standard provisions of agreements; and (3) monitoring efforts and actions taken, if any, in response to noncompliance with the agreements. GAO examined agreements entered into from July 2005 (when HHS-OIG created its database) through July 2017 (most current at the time of GAO's analyses) and used HHS-OIG data to describe agreements' characteristics and actions to address noncompliance. GAO reviewed HHS-OIG documentation, including agreement templates and a selection of agreements to identify standard provisions. GAO also interviewed HHS-OIG and DOJ officials. GAO provided a draft of this report to HHS and DOJ. The agencies provided technical comments, which were incorporated as appropriate."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2018-04
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HayWired Earthquake Scenario -- We Can Outsmart Disaster
From the Document:"The HayWired earthquake scenario, led by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), anticipates the impacts of a hypothetical magnitude-7.0 earthquake on the Hayward Fault. The fault is along the east side of California's San Francisco Bay and is among the most active and dangerous in the United States, because it runs through a densely urbanized and interconnected region. One way to learn about a large earthquake without experiencing it is to conduct a scientifically realistic scenario. The USGS and its partners in the HayWired Coalition and the HayWired Campaign are working to energize residents and businesses to engage in ongoing and new efforts to prepare the region for such a future earthquake."
United States. Department of the Interior; Geological Survey (U.S.)
Hudnut, Kenneth W. (Kenneth Watkins); Wein, Anne M.; Cox, Dale A. . . .
2018-04
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Alabama Marine Debris Emergency Response Guide: Comprehensive Guidance Document [April 2018]
"The purpose of this document is to improve preparedness for response and recovery operations following an acute waterway debris incident in coastal Alabama. The term acute waterway debris incident is used to describe an incident - either natural or anthropogenic - that results in the release of large amounts of waterway debris. This document outlines existing response structures at the local, state, and federal levels to facilitate a coordinated, well-managed, and immediate response to potential waterway debris incidents impacting coastal areas in the state of Alabama. [...] The Guide addresses potential acute waterway debris incidents affecting Alabama's two coastal counties, Mobile and Baldwin."
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Marine Debris Program (U.S.); United States. Department of Commerce
2018-04
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Mississippi Marine Debris Emergency Response Guide: Comprehensive Guidance Document
"The purpose of this document is to improve preparedness for response and recovery operations following an acute waterway debris incident in coastal Mississippi. The term acute waterway debris incident is used to describe an incident - either natural or anthropogenic - that results in the release of large amounts of waterway debris. This document outlines existing response structures at the local, state, and federal levels to facilitate a coordinated, well-managed, and immediate response to waterway debris incidents impacting the state of Mississippi. [...] The 'Guide' addresses potential acute waterway debris incidents affecting Mississippi's coastal areas with a focus on Hancock, Harrison, and Jackson counties."
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Marine Debris Program (U.S.); United States. Department of Commerce
2018-04
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Public Assistance Program and Policy Guide
Form the Foreword: "On February 9, 2018, Congress passed and the President signed the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (P.L. 115-123). The Act includes a provision amending the Stafford Act in a manner that largely codifies the changes related to houses of worship which were made in Version 3.0 of this Guide. [...] This Version 3.1 makes the following additional revisions to align with the changes made by the Bipartisan Budget Act: [1] Changes the terms 'essential governmental services' and 'essential governmental-type services' to 'essential social services' and 'essential social-type services.' [2] Adds houses of worship as eligible private nonprofit facilities, distinct from community centers. [3] Clarifies that houses of worship cannot be deemed ineligible because leadership or membership in the organization operating the house of worship is limited to persons who share a religious faith or practice. [4] Removes the exclusion of buildings and items used primarily for religious purposes or instruction from the definition of eligible private nonprofit educational facilities and makes clear that such facilities are eligible regardless of their religious character or use for religious instruction."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2018-04
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Fire Management Today: Fire Impacts on Water Quality, Smoke Science Plan, Ordering on a Fire, and More… (Volume 76 No.1, 2018)
This issue of Fire Management Today features an article about staying vigilant when dealing with change titled "Coping With Change" by Shawna Legarza. Other articles include "Learning To Live With Fire" by Thomas L. Tidwell; "Water Quality Impacts of Wildland Fires" by Aregai Tecle and Daniel Neary; "Joint Fire Science Program Smoke Science Plan, 2010-2016: Results and Impacts" by Allen Riebau, Douglas Fox, and Cindy Huber; "Ordering on a Fire: Getting What You Need" by Ed Delaney; "Saving Lives, Property, and Tax Dollars in Nebraska" by Deloris Pittman; "Minnesota Programs Benefit Rural Fire Departments" by Christi Powers; "Assessing Fire Management Needs in the Pacific Islands: A Collaborative Approach" by Clay Trauernicht, Elizabeth Pickett, Pablo Beimler, Christian P. Giardina, Susan Cordell, J.B. Friday, Eric Moller, and Creighton M. Litton; "Fire Control and the 2015 Canyon Creek Complex Fire" by Hutch Brown; "The Role of Trust in Homeowner Firewise Actions" by Josh McDaniel; and "50th Meeting of the Northeast Forest Fire Supervisors" by Maris G. Gabliks.
United States. Department of Agriculture; United States. Forest Service
2018-04
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Statistical Transparency Report Regarding Use of National Security Authorities: Calendar Year 2017
"Today, consistent with the USA FREEDOM Act and the FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017 (the reauthorized FAA) requirements to release certain statistics (codified in 50 U.S.C. § 1873(b)) and the Intelligence Community's (IC) Principles of Intelligence Transparency, we are releasing our fifth annual 'Statistical Transparency Report Regarding Use of National Security Authorities' presenting statistics on how often the government uses certain national security authorities. Providing these statistics allows for an additional way to track the use of Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) authorities and gives further context to the IC's rigorous and multi-layered oversight framework that safeguards the privacy of United States person information acquired pursuant to FISA. The report goes beyond its statutory duty of providing statistics and further provides the public with detailed explanation as to how the IC uses these national security authorities."
United States. Office of the Director of National Intelligence
2018-04
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Intercomparison of 7 Planetary Boundary-Layer/Surface-Layer Physics Schemes Over Complex Terrain for Battlefield Situational Awareness
From the abstract: "This study considers the performance of 7 of the Weather Research and Forecast model boundary-layer (BL) parameterization schemes in a complex terrain environment. These BL/surface-layer options were compared and represent local, nonlocal, and hybrid approaches. Based on surface parameter root-mean-square error and bias measures, there is no clearly superior scheme; however, the BouLac, Quasi-normal Scale Elimination, and Yonsei University (YSU) schemes performed best. The surface parameters, planetary BL structure, and vertical profiles are important for US Army Research Laboratory applications, including in the formulation of some weather impact decision aids. Both the YSU and Mellor-Yamada-Janjic schemes, used in the common Weather Running Estimate-Nowcast model configurations and in operational configurations, appear to perform reasonably well in this environment. While the scale-aware scheme addresses the scale dependency problem, we have found no clear improvement when using this scheme with a 1-km inner mesh in this study. There is little variation between the schemes in the daytime BL, but at nighttime the schemes differ notably. The model's greatest difficulty is in simulating the transition between daytime and nighttime BLs. There is insufficient statistical spread in the members tested to consider a BLphysics-only-based ensemble to quantify model uncertainty."
U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Penc, Richard S.; Smith, Jeffrey A.; Raby, John . . .
2018-04
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Supply Chain Vulnerabilities from China in U.S. Federal Information and Communications Technology
"The U.S. government needs a national strategy for supply chain risk management (SCRM) of commercial supply chain vulnerabilities in U.S. federal information and communications technology (ICT), including procurement linked to the People's Republic of China (China or PRC). This strategy must include supporting policies so that U.S. security posture is forward-leaning, rather than reactive and based on responding to vulnerabilities, breaches, and other incidents after they have already damaged U.S. national security, economic competitiveness, or the privacy of U.S. citizens."
U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission
Beeny, Tara; Bisceglie, Jennifer; Wildasin, Brent . . .
2018-04
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San Francisco Bay Integrated Flood Forecasting Project Summary Report
"This project involves state-of-the-art coupling of a NWS [National Weather Service] Distributed Hydrologic Model (DHM) with the USGS Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS). [...] This report focuses on assessment of the various flood forecast information products generated by the integrated flood forecast modeling system. The tributary DHM [Distributed Hydrologic Model] generates forecast information for each grid that are portrayed as discharge, flow hydrographs (peak flow, time-to-peak, duration of high flow), soil moisture, and flood recurrence level. The CoSMoS portrays flood inundation and timing, and duration. Both models can help identify flood impact features such as road-stream crossings, and other critical facilities. A workshop was held with state, federal and local agency staff involved with flood forecasting and warning, and flood mitigation. As part of the workshop, we asked participants to review Hydro-CoSMoS outputs and rate how useful these products would be for theirs jobs. Results of these reviews are presented, and discussion is directed to how users' assessments could influence design of the real-time operational system to be implemented."
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Kim, Jungho; Johnson, Lynn E.; Coleman, Tim . . .
2018-04
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FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin: April 2018
This issue of the FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin contains the following articles: "Bulletin Honors: Indian Country Law Enforcement Officers Memorial"; "Leadership Spotlight: Spiritual Wellness in Law Enforcement"; "Perspective: Fairness in Law Enforcement"; "Protected Health Information and Use-of-Force Investigation"; "Carroll, New Hampshire, Police Department"; and "Boxford, Massachusetts, Police Department". The FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin is an official publication of the FBI, and is published monthly in an online format.
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
2018-04
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2015-2016 National Report Medical Countermeasure Readiness
"The 2015-2016 National Report of Medical Countermeasure Readiness provides insights into the ability of the United States to plan and successfully execute a public health response requiring life-saving medical countermeasures. This report identifies key findings and recommended steps to advance our nation's health security."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2018-04
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Adherence to and Compliance with Arms Control, Nonproliferation, and Disarmament Agreements and Commitments [April 2018]
From the Document: "This Report assesses U.S. compliance with and adherence to arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament agreements and related commitments in 2017, including Confidence- and Security-Building Measures (CSBMs), as well as the compliance and adherence in 2017 of other nations to arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament agreements and related commitments, including CSBMs and the Missile Technology Control Regime, to which the United States is a participating State. The issues addressed in this Report primarily reflect activities from January 1, 2017, through December 31, 2017, unless otherwise noted."
United States. Department of State; United States. Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance
2018-04
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South Carolina: DEA Data Indicates Cocaine is the Number One Seized Drug by Law Enforcement Authorities
"As of October 2017, a review of Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) National Forensic Laboratory Information System (NFLIS) data show that cocaine submissions indicate it is the number one seized substance by incident by law enforcement officials in South Carolina. The number of submissions has fluctuated with a high of 4,764 (in 2010) and a low of 3,492 (in 2012). The percent of cocaine submissions has declined every year since 2011 when compared to all South Carolina submissions."
United States. Drug Enforcement Administration
2018-04
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Synthetic Cathinone Sold as Crack Cocaine in Baltimore
"In June and July 2017, law enforcement authorities made multiple undercover purchases of crack cocaine from one dealer in Baltimore, MD. In September 2017, official laboratory results indicated that two of these purchases tested as N-ethylpentylone Hydrochloride, a synthetic cathinone ('bath salts') derivative classified as a Schedule I Controlled Substance Analogue. [...] Although there have been no previous reports indicating that N-ethylpentylone has been sold as crack cocaine, these recent laboratory and open source reports underscore the lack of quality control in synthetic street drugs and one of the many dangers of using illicit drugs, whose contents are easily misrepresented."
United States. Drug Enforcement Administration
2018-04
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South Carolina: Drug Enforcement Administration Data Fall 2017 Marijuana Update
"As of October 2017, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) South Carolina-related National Forensic Laboratory Information System (NFLIS) data show that marijuana submissions indicate it is the second-most submitted illegal substance by incident by South Carolina law enforcement officials 2015. With preliminary reporting from 2016-17, the ranking of marijuana has slightly decreased."
United States. Drug Enforcement Administration
2018-04
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Book Review: Illusions of Terrorism & Counter-Terrorism by Richard English
This is a book review of "Illusions of Terrorism & Counter-Terrorism" by Richard English. From the opening paragraph: "Terrorism, counter-terrorism, and their intersection have produced painful experiences for peoples and communities in many societies. The convergence of terrorist attempts to harm states and states' attempts to prevent their efforts raises important questions about the influence they have on each other. This relationship forms the core focus of Illusions of Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism, proceedings of the British Academy edited by renowned terrorism scholar, Professor Richard English. The nine chapters in this volume are unified by the deceptively simple question: how does one shape the other? If scholars were to take stock of what we have learned about this intimate relationship, they would find that very little actually is known about the interaction between powerful states and individuals, groups, and loose networks of violent extremists devoted to violent acts of aggression."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security
Romaniuk, Scott Nicholas
2018-04
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Military Review: The Professional Journal of the U.S. Army [March-April 2018]
This issue of the Military Review, The Professional Journal of the U.S. Army, contains the feature articles: "Victory for Russia in Syria?" by Michael Kofman and Matthew Rojansky; "Diasporas, Foreign Governments, and American Politics" by Samuel P. Huntington; "Russian Diaspora as a Means of Russian Foreign Policy" by Oncel Sencerman; "Rethinking the U.S. Army Infantry Rifle Squad" by Hassan Kamara.
Army University Press (U.S.)
2018-04
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ELAP: Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honeybees and Farm-Raised Fish Program
"The 2014 Farm Bill authorized up to $20 million in a fiscal year for the Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honeybees and Farm-Raised Fish Program (ELAP). ELAP provides emergency assistance to eligible producers of livestock, honeybees and farm-raised fish. It covers losses due to an eligible adverse weather or loss condition, including blizzards and wildfires, as determined by the Secretary. ELAP covers losses that are not covered under other disaster assistance programs authorized by the 2014 Farm Bill, such as the Livestock Forage Disaster Program (LFP) and the Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP)." This Factsheet provides information on the ELAP program.
United States. Farm Service Agency; United States. Department of Agriculture
2018-04
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FEMA Daily Operations Briefings, April 1 - 7, 2018
This document is a compilation of all the FEMA Daily Operations Briefings from April 1 - 7, 2018. The FEMA Daily Operations Briefing provides an overview of the current emergency management situation nationwide and includes a summary of current significant events, weather activity, recent emergency declarations and projections for the coming week.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2018-04-01?
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Drug Enforcement Administration, Office of Forensic Sciences: Analysis of Drugs Manual [April 2018]
From the Scope: "The quality assurance program for drug analysis includes: [1] Testing proficiency [2] Validating methods [3] Verifying and maintaining instruments and equipment [4] Verifying and properly handling reference materials (RMs) [5] Monitoring storage conditions [6] Peer review[.]"
United States. Drug Enforcement Administration
2018-04
