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[June 28, 2018 Letter to the President of the U.S. Donald J. Trump]
From the Letter: "We have repeatedly expressed our disagreement with your Administration's decision to separate families at the Southern border. We remain opposed to any policy that separates children from their parents or legal guardians in order to deter future migrant flows. Such a policy is inhumane, cruel, and un-American. We have concerns not only with the policy itself, but with the chaos and confusion that this Administration displayed in its implementation. [...] The human cost of this incompetence is evidenced by the pandemonium in immigration detention centers across the country, as desperate parents and traumatized children attempt to locate each other with minimal success."
United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary
Nadler, Jerrold; Lofgren, Zoe, 1947-; Johnson, Henry, Jr. . . .
2018-06-28
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U.S. Postal Service: Projected Capital Spending and Processes for Addressing Uncertainties and Risks, Report to Congressional Requesters
"USPS (United States Postal Service) faces significant financial challenges as it continues to experience declining mail volumes and revenues. Capital spending is needed to support USPS's operations, but can be affected by various uncertainties and risks, such as those related to future business activities and revenues. I n the past, USPS has reduced its capital spending in response to declining revenues. GAO (Government Accountability Office) was asked to review USPS'scapital-spending plans and examine how its capital-spending processes address uncertainties and risks. This report: (1) describes USPS's projected capital spending over the next 10 years and (2) assesses whether USPS's processes support its ability to address uncertainties and risks that affect its capital spending."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2018-06-28
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Conflict Minerals: Company Reports on Mineral Sources in 2017 Are Similar to Prior Years and New Data on Sexual Violence Are Available, Report to Congressional Committees
"Over the past decade, the United States and the international community have sought to improve security in the DRC (Democratic Republic of the Congo). In the eastern DRC, armed groups have committed severe human rights abuses, including sexual violence, and reportedly profit from the exploitation of 'conflict minerals'-- in particular, tin, tungsten, tantalum, and gold, according to the United Nations. Congress included a provision in the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act that, among other things, required the SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) to promulgate regulations regarding the use of conflict minerals from the DRC and adjoining countries. The SEC adopted these regulations in 2012. The act also included a provision for GAO (Government Accountability Office) to annually assess the SEC regulations' effectiveness in promoting peace and security and report on the rate of sexual violence in the DRC and adjoining countries."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2018-06-28
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Annual Report 2018: Citizenship and Immigration Services, Ombudsman
From the "Message from the Ombudsman": "I am pleased to present to you the Ombudsman's 2018 Annual Report to Congress. This report is required by Section 452 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, which established the Office of the Citizenship and Immigration Services Ombudsman. It also charged us with the responsibility of helping applicants and employers solve difficulties encountered when applying for immigration benefits and working to improve systemic problems in the delivery of immigration services. The year 2017 was one of significant change in immigration policy. Inaugurated in January, President Trump quickly signed multiple immigration-related executive orders for the purpose of ensuring that the nation's immigration laws are faithfully executed. Immediately, the various immigration agencies within the Department of Homeland Security--including Customs and Border Protection, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)--set out to execute those orders through draft regulations, new policy guidance, and revised processes."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2018-06-28
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 2800: America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018
"S. 2800 would authorize the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) to construct projects to improve navigation and flood management, to mitigate storm and hurricane damages, and to restore aquatic ecosystems. The bill also would authorize the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) to address deferred maintenance of Indian dams and irrigation systems. Other provisions in the bill would authorize the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to assist state and local governments with mitigating flood risks from aging dams and levees. Finally, the bill would authorize the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to provide grants and loans to state and local governments, public water systems, and other entities to support a wide range of water infrastructure projects and programs to improve water quality. CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing S. 2800 would cost about $4.5 billion over the next five years and $6.9 billion over the 2019-2028 period, assuming appropriation of authorized and necessary amounts."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-06-28
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 5766: Securing Public Areas of Transportation Facilities Act of 2018
"H.R. 5766 would direct the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish a working group to develop, in collaboration with public and private stakeholders, recommendations for enhancing the security of public areas of transportation facilities. The bill also would authorize the secretary to provide technical assistance to owners and operators of surface transportation systems and facilities and specify a variety of administrative and reporting requirements. Assuming appropriation of the necessary amounts, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing H.R. 5766 would cost $23 million over the 2019-2022 period. Enacting the bill would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-06-28
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 5729: Transportation Worker Identification Credential Accountability Act of 2018
"H.R. 5729 would prohibit the U.S. Coast Guard from implementing a rule that, under current law, will take effect on August 23, 2018. The rule requires owners and operators of certain vessels and facilities regulated by the Coast Guard to check biometric security credentials allowing access to certain secure areas. H.R. 5729 would suspend implementation of the rule until 60 days after the Secretary of Homeland Security has reported to the Congress on the efficacy of such credentials for enhancing security. The bill also would require the Secretary to periodically update the Congress on the status of that assessment. CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that enacting H.R. 5729 would not significantly affect the federal budget."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-06-28
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 5730: Transportation Security Technology Innovation Reform Act of 2018
"H.R. 5730 would require the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to develop programs to test and evaluate advanced screening technologies related to the agency's mission. Using information from TSA, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] expects that meeting the bill's requirements would not add significantly to the cost of existing and similar activities related to transportation security. CBO estimates that any change in federal spending under the bill--which would be subject to appropriation--would total less than $500,000 annually. Enacting H.R. 5730 would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-yougo procedures do not apply. CBO estimates that H.R. 5730 would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2029."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-06-28
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 2397: Department of Homeland Security Data Framework Act of 2018
"S. 2397 would require the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to integrate its datasets and information systems to facilitate access to these systems by authorized personnel. DHS is currently carrying out activities similar to those that would be required by the bill; thus, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing S. 2397 would have no significant effect on DHS spending. Enacting S. 2397 would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. CBO estimates that enacting S. 2397 would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2029."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-06-28
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 18 Issue 26, June 28, 2018
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following articles: "Two firefighters shot, one killed during fire at nursing home"; "Office of Bombing Prevention schedule of virtual training"; "JTIC expands public safety UAS resources"; and "NG9-1-1 Interstate Playbook Chapter 2 now available".
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2018-06-28
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S. Doc. 115-8: The Constitution of the United States of America Analysis and Interpretation: 2018 Supplement Analysis of Cases Decided by the Supreme Court of the United States, June 28, 2018
This Senate Document presents analyses of constitutional law based on cases heard in 2018 through June 28, 2018.
United States. Government Printing Office
2018-06-28
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H. Rept. 115-794: Cyber Sense Act of 2018, Report to Accompany H.R. 5239, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, June 28, 2018
From the Purpose and Summary: "H.R. 5239, Cyber Sense Act of 2018, was introduced by Rep. Robert Latta (R-OH) and Rep. Jerry McNerney (D-CA) on March 9, 2018. H.R. 5239 would establish a voluntary Department of Energy (DOE) program that tests the cybersecurity of products and technologies intended for use in the bulk-power system, including products related to industrial control systems. The legislation instructs DOE to provide technical assistance to electric utilities, product manufacturers, and other electricity sector stakeholders to help mitigate cybersecurity vulnerabilities. In addition, the bill requires the Secretary of Energy to establish cybersecurity vulnerability re-porting processes and maintain a related database. [...] H.R. 5239 directs the Secretary to provide reasonable notice and solicit comments from the public prior to establishing or revising the Cyber Sense testing process. The legislation provides that any cybersecurity vulnerability reported pursuant to this program, the disclosure of which the Secretary of Energy reasonably foresees would cause harm to critical electric infrastructure, shall be deemed 'critical electric infrastructure information' as defined by section 215A(d) of the Federal Power Act. The legislation also includes Federal government liability protections by noting that nothing shall be construed to authorize the commencement of an action against the United States government with respect to the testing of a product or technology under the Cyber Sense program."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2018-06-28
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S. Rept. 115-290: Department of Defense Appropriations Bill, 2019, Report to Accompany S. 3159, June 28, 2018
From the Purpose of the Bill: "This bill makes appropriations for the military functions of the Department of Defense for the period October 1, 2018, through September 30, 2019. Functional areas include the pay, allowances, and support of military personnel, operation and maintenance of the forces, procurement of equipment and systems, and research, development, test and evaluation. Appropriations for foreign military assistance, military construction, family housing, nuclear weapons programs, and civil defense are provided in other bills."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2018-06-28
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Information Technology: IRS Needs to Take Additional Actions to Address Significant Risks to Tax Processing, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "IRS (Internal Revenue Service's) relies extensively on IT (information technology) investments to annually collect more than $3 trillion in taxes, distribute more than $400 billion in refunds, and carry out its mission of providing service to America's taxpayers in meeting their tax obligations. For fiscal years 2 016 and 2017, the agency reported spending approximately $2.7 billion and $2.6 billion, respectively, for IT investments. GAO (Government Accountability Office) was asked to review IRS's IT operations. GAO's specific objectives were to (1) evaluate the performance of selected IRS IT investments, (2) summarize any risks associated with selected legacy systems and evaluate the steps the agency has taken to manage such risks, and (3) determine the extent to which IRS has implemented key IT workforce planning practices."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2018-06-28
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Letter from CBO Director Keith Hall to Chairman Michael McCaul Regarding [H.R. 5206, The Office of Biometric Identity Management Authorization Act of 2018 and H.R. 5207, Immigration Advisory Program Authorization Act of 2018] [June 28, 2018]
From the Letter: "The Congressional Budget Office [CBO] has reviewed the following bills that were reported by the House Committee on Homeland Security on June 21, 2018: [1] H.R. 5206, the Office of Biometric Identity Management Authorization Act of 2018; and [2] H.R. 5207, the Immigration Advisory Program Authorization Act of 2018. Both H.R. 5206, and H.R. 5207 would codify programs that currently exist at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). CBO estimates that enacting the bills would not significantly affect DHS spending. Because they would not affect direct spending or revenues, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-06-28
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Letter from CBO Director Keith Hall to Honorable Michael McCaul Regarding [Cost Estimates for H.R. 4991, H.R. 4627 and H.R. 5762] [June 28, 2018]
From the Letter: "The Congressional Budget Office [CBO] has reviewed the following pieces of legislation that were passed by the House of Representatives on June 19, 2018: [1] H.R. 4991, the Supporting Research and Development for First Responders Act; [2] H.R. 4627, the Shielding Public Spaces from Vehicular Terrorism Act; and [3] H.R. 5762, the Joint Task Force to Combat Opioid Trafficking Act of 2018. H.R. 4991 would codify programs that currently exist at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). H.R. 4627 would confirm the authority of DHS to establish a task force to disrupt drug trafficking, and H.R. 5762 would clarify the scope of the department's research and development program. CBO estimates that enacting these pieces of legislation would not significantly affect DHS spending. Because the legislation would not affect direct spending or revenues, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. CBO estimates that enacting the acts would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2029."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-06-28
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Efforts to Preserve Economic Benefits of the Iran Nuclear Deal [June 27, 2018]
"On May 8, 2018, President Donald Trump announced that the United States would cease implementing U.S. commitments under the 2015 multilateral Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with Iran. He indicated that, by the end of a 'wind down period' (by November 4, 2018), all U.S. sanctions in place prior to the JCPOA--which target foreign firms that conduct transactions in all of Iran's core economic sectors, including energy, banking, shipping, insurance, manufacturing, and hard currency trading--would go back into effect. These include sanctions on 'petroleum-related transactions' and transactions by foreign banks with Iran's Central Bank. Several hundred Iranian and third country entities will again be designated by the United States as sanctioned entities, meaning that foreign firms that transact business with these entities could face exclusion from the U.S. economy and financial system."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Katzman, Kenneth; Mix, Derek E.
2018-06-27
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TRICARE Modernization: Eligibility for the Federal Employee Dental and Vision Insurance Program [June 27, 2018]
"In an effort to improve TRICARE dental and vision coverage through 'enhanced benefits,' in 2016 Congress expanded (P.L. 114-328) eligibility for the Federal Employees Dental and Vision Insurance Program (FEDVIP) to certain TRICARE beneficiaries. FEDVIP is a dental and vision benefit program for federal employees and annuitants. Uniformed services retirees and their family members are to be eligible to enroll in FEDVIP in November 2018, with coverage beginning on January 1, 2019. Non-active duty TRICARE beneficiaries (i.e., family members of uniformed service members, reserve component members, and survivors) enrolled in a TRICARE health plan are to be eligible to enroll in only a FEDVIP vision plan."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Mendez, Bryce H. P.
2018-06-27
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UPDATE: Public Sector Union Dues: Grappling with Fixed Stars and Stare Decisis (Part I) [June 27, 2018]
"The Supreme Court long ago described the First Amendment's protection against compelled speech as a 'fixed star in our constitutional constellation.' This Term, the Court may decide whether it has steered too far from that shining precept in the area of public employee union dues (or agency fees) in Janus v. American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees, Council 31. Specifically, the Court will consider whether to overrule its 1977 decision in Abood v. Detroit Board of Education, in which the Court announced the basic test for determining the validity of 'agency shop' arrangements between a union and a government employer. Agency shop arrangements (sometimes called 'fair share' provisions) require employees to pay a fee to the union designated to represent their bargaining unit even if the employees are not members of that union. The Abood Court held that these arrangements do not violate the First Amendment insofar as the union uses the fees for 'collective bargaining activities' and not 'ideological activities unrelated to collective bargaining.' In its October 2015 Term, the full Court heard oral argument on whether to overrule Abood, but ultimately divided four-to-four on this question following the death of Justice Scalia. Now that Justice Gorsuch has joined the bench, it remains to be seen whether a majority of the Court will reaffirm Abood or chart a new course."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
2018-06-27
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Federal Assistance for Wildfire Response and Recovery [June 27, 2018]
From the Document: "Wildfires are unplanned and unwanted fires. Wildfires can have some beneficial impacts on an ecosystem, but also often threaten homes and communities and force the evacuation of thousands of people. Wildfires are often caused by lightning strikes, and may also occur when a prescribed burn escapes control or through unauthorized human activities (deliberate or accidental). Over the last 10 years (2008-2017), wildfires have burned 6.6 million acres annually on average in the United States. In 2017, more than 71,500 wildfires burned 10.0 million acres and destroyed more than 12,300 structures nationwide. More than 65% (8,065) of the structures destroyed were residences, and nearly 90% of the structures destroyed (11,000) were in a single state, California. Congress and other stakeholders have considered options for federal support and assistance to address wildfire suppression during a fire, post-wildfire recovery in the aftermath, and land management activities to reduce the risk of future catastrophic wildfires."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hoover, Katie
2018-06-27
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Foreign Relations Reauthorization: Background and Issues [June 27, 2018]
From the Document: "Historically, the activities of the Department of State, related agencies, the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG), and foreign assistance have been authorized by two separate pieces of legislation. One, covering the day-to-day operations of the Department of State, diplomacy, and international broadcasting, is referred to as foreign relations authorization or State Department authorization. The second is referred to as foreign assistance authorization and provides for the spending of monies on promoting U.S. foreign policy objectives around the world through economic development programs, security assistance, refugee and disaster assistance, and multilateral aid."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Epstein, Susan B.; Gill, Cory R.
2018-06-27
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U.S. Intelligence Community Elements: Establishment Provisions [June 27, 2018]
"The concept of a U.S. Intelligence Community (IC) of integrated component departments and agencies began to take shape after World War II, in part through the establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency. Prior to that time, U.S. intelligence organizations existed within the military services and largely operated independently of one another. References to an Intelligence Community first appear in the mid-1950s. The components of the IC were first specified in statute by the Intelligence Organization Act of 1992 (Title VII of P.L. 102-496). The IC has since evolved into a federated community of 17 components spread across 2 independent agencies and 6 separate departments of the federal government."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
DeVine, Michael E.; Peters, Heidi M.
2018-06-27
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Venezuela: Background and U.S. Relations [June 27, 2018]
"Venezuela remains in a deep political crisis under the authoritarian rule of President Nicolás Maduro of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). On May 20, 2018, Maduro defeated Henri Falcón, a former governor, in a presidential election boycotted by the Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD) of opposition parties and dismissed by the United States, the European Union, and 18 Western Hemisphere countries as illegitimate. Maduro, who was narrowly elected in 2013 after the death of President Hugo Chávez (1999-2013), is unpopular. Nevertheless, he has used the courts, security forces, and electoral council to repress the opposition."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando; Nelson, Rebecca M.; Brown, Phillip (Specialist in Energy Policy) . . .
2018-06-27
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Defense Primer: RDT&E [June 27, 2018]
From the Document: "Advanced technology plays a critical role in ensuring U.S. national security. To maintain technological superiority on the battlefield, the Department of Defense (DOD) relies on scientific and technical knowledge developed in large measure through research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) funded by the department and performed by industry, universities, federal laboratories, and others. DOD also relies on technology developed by the private sector for commercial markets. This In Focus describes DOD's RDT&E appropriations structure and funding levels. DOD appropriations are provided annually through the defense appropriations act, one of the 12 regular appropriations acts that provide most of the discretionary funding for operation of the federal government. DOD RDT&E funding is provided in four of this act's titles (see box). Congress also sometimes provides DOD RDT&E funding through supplemental appropriations acts. Congress appropriated a total of $93.5 billion for DOD RDT&E for FY2018, including $92.1 billion in the Defense Appropriations Act, 2018 (P.L. 115-141) and $1.3 billion in the Department of Defense Missile Defeat and Defense Enhancements Appropriations Act, 2018 (P.L. 115-96)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sargent, John F., Jr.
2018-06-27
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Organizing Executive Branch Agencies: Who Makes the Call? [June 27, 2018]
"In a series of executive orders, directives, and publicly released recommendations, the Trump Administration has proposed reorganizing the executive branch. The reorganization proposals range from restructuring entities within an existing agency, to moving entities from one existing agency to another, to consolidating existing agencies into newly created departments, to privatizing certain government agencies. The Administration has indicated that it considers some of these proposals to be within its existing authority, while others may require new legislation authorizing such action. These orders and proposals have prompted a recurring question concerning the composition of the federal government: who decides how to organize agencies and departments within the executive branch? The ultimate answer to this question is Congress. Legislative enactments create executive agencies and delegate authority to those entities to carry out various statutory functions and duties. But executive branch agencies also typically enjoy some discretion in determining how best to structure themselves to carry out their statutory responsibilities, provided that reorganization does not conflict with their governing statutes or legislative funding restrictions."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cole, Jared P.
2018-06-27
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Rule XIX Call to Order for Disorderly Language in Senate Debate [June 27, 2018]
"The Senate has, from the 1st Congress (1789-1790), valued the importance of decorum in debate and included a 'call to order' mechanism in its rules to sanction Senators who use 'disorderly' language. The rules adopted in 1789 contained such a call-to-order provision, and its language has been amended multiple times over the years. Table 1 of this report details the historical evolution of the rule. The present form of the Senate's call-to-order provision was adopted on June 14, 1962. Senate Rule XIX identifies specific language that is considered disorderly. This includes language directly or indirectly imputing to another Senator or Senators 'any conduct or motive unworthy or unbecoming a Senator' (paragraph 2) and referring 'offensively to any State of the Union' (paragraph 3). Rule XIX prohibits imputing conduct or motive 'by any form of words' to a sitting Senator, which includes not just original words spoken in debate but quotes, news articles, and other materials. The statements in paragraphs 2 and 3 are not considered to be a comprehensive recitation of language that may violate decorum in Senate debate. Although precedents on the subject are mixed, Senators have at times also been called to order for making disparaging references in debate to the House of Representatives or its Members."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Davis, Christopher M., 1966-; Greene, Michael
2018-06-27
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Legislative Actions to Modify the Affordable Care Act in the 111th-115th Congresses [June 27, 2018]
From the Document: "The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148) was signed into law on March 23, 2010. The law comprises numerous provisions in 10 titles. The provisions in Titles IVIII largely relate to how health care in the United States is financed, organized, and delivered. Title IX contains revenue provisions. Title X reauthorizes the Indian Health Care Improvement Act, establishes some new programs and requirements, and amends provisions included in the other nine titles of the ACA. On March 30, 2010, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (HCERA; P.L. 111-152) was signed into law, which included new provisions and amended several ACA provisions. Since enactment of the ACA and HCERA, lawmakers have repeatedly debated the laws' implementation and considered bills to repeal, defund, or otherwise amend them. This report summarizes legislative actions taken during the 111th-115th Congresses to modify the health care-related provisions of the ACA and HCERA."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Mach, Annie L.; Kinzer, Janet
2018-06-27
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Contingency Medical Countermeasures for Treating Nerve Agent Poisoning
"This document provides guidance to medical personnel and first responders to include information on contingency medical countermeasures for treating nerve agent-exposed patients in the case that standard medical countermeasures are in short supply. It includes flow charts for both adult and pediatric patient nerve agent medical countermeasure treatment protocols."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
2018-06-27
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Supreme Court Appointment Process: President's Selection of a Nominee [June 27, 2018]
"The appointment of a Supreme Court Justice is an event of major significance in American politics. Each appointment is of consequence because of the enormous judicial power the Supreme Court exercises as the highest appellate court in the federal judiciary. Appointments are usually infrequent, as a vacancy on the nine-member Court may occur only once or twice, or never at all, during a particular President's years in office. Under the Constitution, Justices on the Supreme Court receive what can amount to lifetime appointments which, by constitutional design, helps ensure the Court's independence from the President and Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McMillion, Barry J.
2018-06-27
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President's Selection of a Nominee for a Supreme Court Vacancy: Overview [June 27, 2018]
"On June 27, 2018, Justice Anthony Kennedy, after serving on the Supreme Court as an Associate Justice since 1988, announced his intention to retire from the U.S. Supreme Court. Justice Kennedy indicated that his retirement would be effective July 31, 2018. This Insight provides an overview of several issues related to the selection of a nominee by a President for a vacancy on the Court. For additional information and analyses on these and other issues, see CRS Report R44235, Supreme Court Appointment Process: President's Selection of a Nominee."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McMillion, Barry J.
2018-06-27
