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Labor Market Patterns Since 2007 [October 3, 2018]
From the Document: "Labor markets are highly responsive to short-and long-term economic influences. For example, total employment, the types of jobs available, their locations, and the skills sought by employers respond in various degrees to changing cyclical and structural forces. Recessions, for example, bring about increased joblessness with stronger impacts for certain worker groups, and changes in production patterns and consumers' preferences for goods and services--examples of structural forces--further influence the size and composition of employment. Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, this report considers how such changes have affected the U.S. labor market since 2007, examining the performance of labor market indicators like employment, unemployment, and labor force participation; changes in the types of jobs available by industry and occupation; and employment outcomes for different demographic groups. Since 2007, the labor market has been affected by factors such as the Great Recession of 2007-2009, technological innovation, and an aging labor force that have altered the mix of jobs available to U.S. workers. Such trends have been of interest to Congress because they provide information about how the labor force is evolving, the resilience or sensitivity of some jobs to recession, and the changing needs of employers, and thereby inform workforce planning, income support programs, and other potential policy responses."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Donovan, Sarah A.; Labonte, Marc
2018-10-03
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Afghanistan: Legislation in the 115th Congress [October 3, 2018]
"For nearly two decades, Congress has shaped the U.S. approach to Afghanistan and the ongoing conflict there. This product provides a summary of legislative proposals considered in the 115th Congress that relate to U.S. policy in Afghanistan. These address a number of issues, including the following. [1] The size, mission, and other aspects of the U.S. troop presence in the country. [2] Types of information that the executive branch provides to Congress, largely as part of regular reporting requirements. [3] The role of women in Afghan society, government, and the military. [4] The purposes for U.S. aid, and conditions under which it can be obligated. [5] The overall U.S. strategy in Afghanistan, including prospects for a negotiated settlement. [6] Regional dynamics, including the role of Russia in Afghanistan."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Thomas, Clayton (Analyst in Middle Eastern Affairs)
2018-10-03
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Public Law 115-253: Anti-Terrorism Clarification Act of 2018
From the Document: "An Act [t]o amend title 18, United States Code, to clarify the meaning of the terms 'act of war' and 'blocked asset', and for other purposes."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2018-10-03
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 5206: Office of Biometric Identity Management Authorization Act of 2018
This is the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs on September 26, 2018. From the Document: "On September 26, the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs ordered two pieces of legislation to be reported: H.R. 5206, the Office of Biometric Identity Management Authorization Act of 2018; and H.R. 6439, the Biometric Identification Transnational Migration Alert Program Authorization Act of 2018. Each act would mostly codify a current program in the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). CBO estimates that enacting the legislation would not significantly affect spending by DHS. Enacting the legislation would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. CBO estimates that enacting the legislation would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2029."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-10-03
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Women in Law Enforcement [October 3, 2018]
From the Webpage: "Women working as law enforcement officers at ICE [U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement] fulfill the agency's public safety and security mission with integrity and strength. ICE prioritizes recruiting women candidates. The ICE Women in Law Enforcement feature section provides useful information about career tracks at ICE, employment benefits, upcoming recruiting events, application requirements and an overview of the agency. Visit each month to learn how to become a law enforcement officer at ICE."
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
2018-10-03
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 3251, Federal Acquisition Savings Act of 2018
From the Document: "S. 3251 would amend the Federal Acquisition Regulation to require agencies to acquire equipment using a method of acquisition that is most advantageous to the federal government on a case-by-case basis. This could include short- and long-term rental, leases, interagency acquisitions, or acquisition agreements with state and local governments. The bill also would require a report within two years by the Government Accountability Office on equipment acquisitions. According to the General Services Administration (GSA), agencies are already required to consider purchasing or leasing when evaluating the acquisition of equipment and proposed regulations will clarify leasing and renting as an option. In addition, GSA has proposed a similar rule. Because CBO [Congressional Budget Office] expects that S. 3251 would not materially change how agencies acquire equipment, CBO estimates that implementing S. 3251 would have no significant effect on the federal budget."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-10-03
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 3208, Federal Information Systems Safeguards Act of 2018
From the Document: "The Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) provides a framework to protect government information operations against security threats. S. 3208 would clarify that, under FISMA, federal agencies have the sole and exclusive authority to take appropriate and timely actions to secure their information technology and information systems. CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing S. 3208 would clarify Congressional intent, but it would have no significant effect on the federal budget because it would not expand the duties of executive agencies. Enacting the bill could affect direct spending by agencies not funded through annual appropriations; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures apply. CBO estimates, however, that any net change in spending by those agencies would be negligible. S. 3208 would not affect revenues."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-10-03
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Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF): Overview, Issues, and Legislation [October 2, 2018]
"The state of the nation's water infrastructure and the challenges many communities face in addressing infrastructure needs continue to receive congressional attention. In 1996, Congress authorized the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) program under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) to help public water systems finance infrastructure projects needed to comply with federal drinking water regulations and to meet the act's health protection objectives. Under this program, states receive annual capitalization grants from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to provide financial assistance (primarily subsidized loans) to water systems for drinking water projects and related activities. Through FY2018, Congress has appropriated a total of $20.41 billion for the program. From FY1997 through FY2017, states provided $35.38 billion in DWSRF assistance to water systems for 14,090 projects."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Tiemann, Mary
2018-10-02
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Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy [October 2, 2018]
"Kuwait has been pivotal to the decades-long U.S. effort to secure the Persian Gulf region because of its consistent cooperation with U.S. military operations in the region and its key location in the northern Gulf. Kuwait and the United States have a formal Defense Cooperation Agreement (DCA),under which the United States maintains over 13,000 military personnel in country and prepositioned military equipment in Kuwait to project power in the region. Only Germany, Japan, and South Korea host more U.S. troops than does Kuwait. Kuwait usually acts in concert not only with the United States but also with allies in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain,and Oman). However, Kuwait tends to favor mediation of regional issues over commitments of military force. Kuwaitis the lead Gulf mediator of the intra-GCC rift that erupted in June 2017 when Saudi Arabia, UAE,and Bahrain moved to isolate Qatar. Kuwait hosts the operational command center for U.S. - led Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) that has combatted the Islamic State. Refraining from intervening in Syria's civil war, Kuwait has instead hosting donor conferences for civilian victims of the conflict and providing aid to Jordan for its hosting of Syrian refugees. Kuwait is participating militarily in the Saudi-led coalition that is trying to defeat the Shiite 'Houthi' rebel movement in Yemen"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Katzman, Kenneth
2018-10-02
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Functional Bureau Strategy: Global Engagement Center
From the Executive Statement: "The Global Engagement Center (GEC) was codified into law by Congress in the Fiscal Year 2017 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), with the directive to 'lead, synchronize, and coordinate efforts of the Federal Government to recognize, understand, expose, and counter foreign state and non-state propaganda and disinformation efforts aimed at undermining United States national security interests.' The GEC was established pursuant to Executive Order 13721 in April 2016, with the mandate to coordinate, integrate, and synchronize government-wide communication activities directed at foreign audiences for the purpose of countering violent extremism and terrorism. The NDAA expanded the GEC's mission. As the leader of the U.S. government's efforts to counter state and non-state propaganda and disinformation, the Center's ability to operate as a forward-looking, innovative organization that shifts quickly to focus on an ever-changing adversary is increasingly more important. One of the Center's overarching strategies is to identify, cultivate, and expand a global network of partners whose voices resonate with those most vulnerable to the propaganda, and drive a wedge between susceptible audiences and those nations, groups, and terrorists seeking to influence them."
United States. Department of State. Global Engagement Center
2018-10-02
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What Public Safety Answering Points Should Know about Real-Time Text [factsheet]
From the Document: "RTT [real-time text] is a text-based mode of communication where each text character appears on the receiving device at roughly the same time it is typed on the sending device, allowing for a conversational flow of communication. With RTT, a person on a call does not need to press 'send' for the text to reach the other party. [...] In 2016, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) amended its rules to allow IP [internet protocol]-based wireless carriers and manufacturers to support RTT on IP-based wireless networks and equipment, establish basic guidelines for RTT, and set implementation dates for the transition from TTY [text telephone] to RTT. To support RTT, wireless carriers and manufacturers must enable users to initiate, send, transmit, receive, and display RTT communications in accordance with Commission rules."
United States. Federal Communications Commission
2018-10-02
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Mexico: Background and U.S. Relations [Updated October 2, 2018]
From the Document: "Congress has maintained significant interest in Mexico, an ally and top trade partner. In recent decades, U.S.-Mexican relations have grown closer through cooperative management of the 2,000-mile border, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and security and rule of law cooperation under the Mérida Initiative. Relations have been tested, however, by President Donald J. Trump's shifts in U.S. immigration and trade policies."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Seelke, Clare Ribando
2018-10-02
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S. Rept. 115-342: Precision Agriculture Connectivity Act of 2018, Report to Accompany S. 2343, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, October 2, 2018
"S. 2343 would require the Federal Communications Commission ('FCC' or 'Commission') to establish a task force to make recommendations to the Commission and others on gaps in broadband availability on agricultural lands and ways to close those gaps in order to support precision agriculture technologies."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2018-10-02
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 3476, PEPFAR Extension Act of 2018
From the Document: "S. 3476 would reauthorize, through 2023, certain expired provisions of foreign assistance programs to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis (commonly known as the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief or PEPFAR). CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing the bill would cost $15 million over the 2019-2023 period, assuming appropriation of the necessary amounts. [...] Enacting S. 3476 would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. CBO estimates that enacting S. 3476 would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2029. S. 3476 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-10-02
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 141, Space Weather Coordination Act
From the Summary: "S. 141 would authorize the annual appropriation of $6 million over the 2019-2022 period for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to implement a pilot program to gather data on space weather. The legislation also would transfer the responsibility to coordinate inter-agency activities related to space weather from the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) to the National Space Council (NSC). CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing S. 141 would cost $23 million over the 2019-2023 period, assuming appropriation of the authorized amounts. Enacting S. 141 would not affect direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. CBO estimates that enacting S. 141 would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2029. S. 141 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2018-10-02
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Fire Safety for Older Adults
From the Document: "As we grow older, our bodies change. Poor eyesight, loss of hearing, arthritis, dementia and side effects from medicine can make it more difficult to react to a fire. We need to consider these changes and how they may affect our abilities. In comparison to the population at large, starting at age 65, people are twice as likely to be killed or injured by fires. This booklet is designed to help you learn about fire safety."
United States Fire Administration; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2018-10
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Public Safety Officers' Benefits (PSOB) and Public Safety Officers' Educational Assistance (PSOEA) Programs [October 1, 2018]
"The Public Safety Officers' Benefits (PSOB) program provides cash benefits to federal, state, and local law enforcement officers; firefighters; employees of emergency management agencies; and members of emergency medical services agencies who are killed orpermanently and totally disabled as the result of personal injuries sustained in the line of duty. The Public Safety Officers' Educational Assistance (PSOEA) program, a component of the PSOB program, provides higher-education assistance to the children and spouses of public safety officers killed or permanently disabled in the line of duty."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Szymendera, Scott
2018-10-01
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Department of State, Foreign Operations and Related Programs: FY2019 Budget and Appropriations [October 1, 2018]
"The Trump Administration submitted to Congress its FY2019 budget request on February 12, 2018. The proposal includes $41.86 billion for the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (SFOPS). Of that amount, $13.26 billion would be for State Department operations, international broadcasting, and related agencies, and $28.60 billion for foreign operations. With the enactment of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (BBA; P.L. 115-123, February 9, 2018), which raised discretionary spending limits set by the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25), the Administration's FY2019 foreign affairs funding request is entirely within enduring (base) funds; no Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) funding is in the SFOPS request for the first time since FY2012."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Epstein, Susan B.; Lawson, Marian Leonardo; Gill, Cory R.
2018-10-01
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Army Corps of Engineers Annual and Supplemental Appropriations: Issues for Congress [October 1, 2018]
"The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is an agency within the Department of Defense with both military and civil works responsibilities. Congress directs USACE's civil works activities through authorizations legislation, annual and supplemental appropriations, and oversight activities. This report summarizes USACE's annual discretionary appropriations for civil works activities and its supplemental appropriations, principally following major flood and hurricane disasters. The appropriations described are for those accounts and activities that typically are funded through Title I of annual Energy and Water Development appropriations acts."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Carter, Nicole T.
2018-10-01
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Military Survivor Benefit Plan: Background and Issues for Congress [October 1, 2018]
"This report describes the categories of beneficiaries eligible for survivor benefits under the military Survivor Benefit Plan (SBP), the formulas used in computing the income level (including the integration of SBP benefits with other federal benefits), and the costs of SBP participation incurred by the retiree and/or the beneficiary. While this report focuses primarily on SBP, survivors of military members may be eligible for other benefits, including life insurance, TRICARE health benefits, Annuity for Certain Military Surviving Spouses (ACMSS), the Minimum Income Widow Annuity, Department of Defense (DOD) death gratuity, commissary and exchange privileges, and other federal benefits, such as Social Security."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kamarck, Kristy N.; Torreon, Barbara Salazar
2018-10-01
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Advanced Pilot Training (T-X) Program [October 1, 2018]
"On September 27, 2018, the United States Air Force (USAF) awarded The Boeing Company a contract, worth up to $9.2 billion, to procure 351 Advanced Pilot Training (APT T-X) aircraft and 46 Ground-Based Training Systems (GBTS) to replace the existing fleet of T-38C jet trainers. The Air Force had originally valued the contract at roughly $19.7 billion. Information on the value of other competitors' bids was not available. The FY2019 Administration budget request included $265.465 million for the T-X. According to the USAF, the T-38C trainer fleet is old, costly, and outdated, and lacks the technology to train future pilots for fifth-generation fighter and bomber operations. Based on Air Education Training Command's evaluation of the required capabilities to train future pilots for fifth-generation fighters and bombers, the T-38C falls short in 12 of 18 capabilities, forcing the USAF to train for those capabilities in operational units where flying hours are costly and can affect fleet readiness."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Gertler, Jeremiah
2018-10-01
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Cybersecurity Resource Guide for Financial Institutions
From the Document: "This guide provides resources designed to assist in financial sector resilience. Use of these resources is voluntary. FFIEC [Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council] members do not endorse the listed organizations."
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (U.S.)
2018-10
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Recurring Problems Hinder Federal Disaster Response and Recovery Efforts, Majority Staff Report, U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, 115th Congress, October 2018
From the Executive Summary: "The Committee began FEMA oversight after hearing numerous concerns about the federal response to the August 2016 Baton Rouge, Louisiana flood. Committee Members and staff traveled to the area in the immediate aftermath of the disaster, and in the ensuing months the Committee sent additional staff to Louisiana and held two hearings on the matter."
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (2007-)
2018-10
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ASPR TRACIE Evaluation of Hazard Vulnerability Assessment Tools
From the Document: "The Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR) Technical Resources, Assistance Center, Information Exchange (TRACIE) Evaluation of Hazard Vulnerability Assessment Tools provides a comparison chart showing the similarities and differences among several of the primary and other sample hazard vulnerability tools used by public health and healthcare organizations, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Threat and Hazard Identification Risk Assessment (THIRA). Each description includes a summary of its primary use/purpose; as well as information on who developed the tool and how; the format of the tool; a basic overview of the calculations approach; and the benefits and limitations of the tool."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response; United States. Technical Resources, Assistance Center and Information Exchange
2018-10
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Challenges and Strategies for Serving Unstably Housed Veterans in Rural Areas: Evidence from the Supportive Services for Veteran Families (SSVF) Program
From the Introduction: "Although rural Veterans account for roughly one of seven Veterans experiencing homelessness on a given night, there is limited research about the nature of their housing instability and homelessness. Most research that seeks to understand 'what works' for serving Veterans experiencing homelessness has been conducted in urban settings. Based on interviews with Supportive Services for Veteran Families (SSVF) grantees, this report addresses challenges to serving Veterans in rural areas and proposes strategies and needed resources for overcoming them."
National Center on Homelessness among Veterans (U.S.)
Byrne, Tom; Cusack, Meagan; Montgomery, Ann Elizabeth . . .
2018-10
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DHS OEC FY2019 TA/SCIP Guide: Highlights & Offerings
From the Foreword: "The Office of Emergency Communications (OEC) is pleased to publish the Fiscal Year (FY) 2019 Technical Assistance (TA)/Statewide Communication Interoperability Plan (SCIP) Guide. This year's Guide includes new or enhanced offerings and approaches to help public safety and government officials meet the challenges in the rapidly changing voice and data interoperability landscape and the expanding communications ecosystem. Public safety has seen a rapid expansion in recent years in the type and manner of information sharing among responders and government officials. New applications and systems have created new challenges for interoperability. It demands good governance to drive standard operating procedures on how to use these technologies, and then joint training and exercises to ensure interoperability is achieved when needed most - at the next incident or event. In FY2019, OEC will continue delivering products and services that support interoperability in this evolving emergency communications ecosystem."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Emergency Communications
2018-10
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Prevent, Counter, and Respond--A Strategic Plan to Reduce Global Nuclear Threats FY 2019-FY 2023
"The Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE/NNSA) plays a central and vital role in providing for the safety and security of the United States, its partners,and its allies. The 'Fiscal Year 2019 Nuclear Prevent, Counter, and Respond - A Strategic Plan to Reduce Global Nuclear Threats - Biennial Plan Summary' (NPCR) describes DOE/NNSA's plans and programs to prevent, counter, and respond to nuclear nonproliferation, counterproliferation, and nuclear security threats. [...] DOE/NNSA pursues programs designed to respond to both current and emerging threats by organizing threat reduction activities into three functional areas - prevent, counter, and respond[.]"
United States. Department of Energy; United States. National Nuclear Security Administration
2018-10
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FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin: October 2018
This October 2018 edition of the FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin contains the following articles: "Managing a Changing Workforce" by Karen Dietrich, M.S.; "Bulletin Honors: Pikes Peak Region Peace Officers' Memorial"; "Leadership Spotlight: Confidence in the Face of Challenges"; "Madison, Florida, Police Department"; "Urbana, Ohio, Police Division"; "Unidentified Person: Jane Doe - Pike National Forest, Colorado"; and "Missing Person: William Gary Morris - Nashville, Tennessee."
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
2018-10
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Preparing for the Future of Transportation: Automated Vehicles 3.0
From the Executive Summary: "'Preparing for the Future of Transportation: Automated Vehicles 3.0 (AV 3.0)' advances U.S. DOT's [Department of Transportation] commitment to supporting the safe, reliable, efficient, and cost-effective integration of automation into the broader multimodal surface transportation system. AV 3.0 builds upon--but does not replace--voluntary guidance provided in 'Automated Driving Systems 2.0: A Vision for Safety.' Automation technologies are new and rapidly evolving. The right approach to achieving safety improvements begins with a focus on removing unnecessary barriers and issuing voluntary guidance, rather than regulations that could stifle innovation. In AV 3.0, U.S. DOT's surface transportation operating administrations come together for the first time to publish a Departmental policy statement on automation. This document incorporates feedback from manufacturers and technology developers, infrastructure owners and operators, commercial motor carriers, the bus transit industry, and State and local governments. This document considers automation broadly, addressing all levels of automation (SAE [Society of Automotive Engineers] automation Levels 1 to 5), and recognizes multimodal interests in the full range of capabilities this technology can offer."
United States. Department of Transportation
2018-10
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Fire Management Today: Communities Adapting to Wildland Fire (Volume 76 No.4, 2018)
This issue of Fire Management Today features an article about educating communities about the need to adapt to wildfires titled "The Urgency of Community Adaptation to Wildland Fire" by Shawna A. Legarza. Other articles include "Helping Communities Adapt to Wildland Fire: Some Pointers" by Pam Leschak; " Wildfire Risk Mitigation: Local Solutions to a National Problem" by Jonathan Bruno; "Community Mitigation Assistance Teams: A Proven Approach" by Pam Leschak; "Reducing the Vulnerability of Homes to Wildfire" by Stephen L. Quarles; "Prescribed Fire Training Exchanges: Training, Treatment, and Outreach" by Jeremy Bailey and Lenya Quinn-Davidson; "International Association of Fire Chiefs: Reducing Wildfire Risk Through Leadership, Education, and Mitigation" by Kaitlin Lutz; "Wildfire Mitigation Through Home Assessments-Compliments of Your Local Volunteer Fire Department" by Lori Shirley; "Advancing Fire Adaptation by Engaging Practitioners" by Michelle Medley-Daniel; "Residents Reducing Wildfire Risks Through the Firewise USA™ Program" by Cathy Prudhomme; "Fire Prevention/Education Team at Work in the Northern Rockies" by Rita Chandler; "Collaboration Across Boundaries: A Policy Perspective on the State of Wildland Fire" by Vicki Christiansen; "Fire in America 2.0: Updating the Past" by Stephen J. Pyne; "Next-Generation Fire Modeling for Advanced Wildland Fire Training" by James H. Furman; and "A Fire Imagined" by Stephen Fillmore.
United States. Department of Agriculture; United States. Forest Service
2018-10
