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Support for Overstretched Clinicians During the Ongoing Pandemic: Literature and Practice
From the Document: "There is an emerging understanding that professional wellbeing must address multiple factors, and experts in the field recommend initiatives that improve practice workflows, facilitate a culture of respect and compassion, and promote personal resilience. The information and resources highlighted in this article, while not all published during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, are extremely relevant to healthcare workers operating in this challenging environment."
United States. Technical Resources, Assistance Center and Information Exchange
Barrett, Eileen
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National Crisis Support Hotlines and Directories: For Healthcare Workers Experiencing COVID-19-Related Stress and Burnout
This document provides the following resource information for healthcare workers: "Physician Support Line"; "Disaster Distress Helpline"; "National Suicide Prevention Lifeline"; "Crisis Text Line"; "SAMHSA's [Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration] National Helpline"; "Emotional PPE [personal protective equipment] Project"; "Behavioral Health Treatment Services Locator (SAMHSA)"; "Find A Psychiatrist"; and "Psychologist Locator."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Emotional Health and Wellbeing: For Health Providers, First Responders and Those on the Front Lines
From the Document: "Response to COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] has caused a disruption of our usual roles and routines, and adjustment to new work flows and responsibilities. Limited understanding of the virus comes with day-to-day uncertainty and concern for the health of individuals, families, and communities. Health care and frontline workers responding to COVID-19 will be under increased stress and uncertainties related to the virus can be harmful to a front line workers' mental health. [...] Disaster response is a challenging yet rewarding career. Health care workers and first responders experience stress and burnout under normal circumstances. The lifestyle and experiences associated with the profession increase risk for stress, second victim syndrome, limited exercise, perceived limited control, sleep deprivation, irregular and poor eating habits, and poor work-life balance. Developing strategies to build resilience and reduce stress can help improve the overall health and wellbeing of health care workers."
University of Missouri. Extension Division
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Tabletop Exercise: Supply Chain Integrity
From the Exercise Purpose: "The purpose of this exercise is to identify and confirm roles and responsibilities to establish effective communication and information sharing practices internally within [organization] and externally among partnering agencies, as well as support on-scene operational coordination. It is a [one-day] exercise with [senior-level participants and operators]."
Public-Private Analytic Exchange Program
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COVID-19 Field Feature: Pivoting to a COVID-19 Response in the Greater Houston Region
From the Document: "The novel coronavirus pandemic has forced health and public safety agencies across the U.S. to rethink every aspect of their day-to-day operations--and even their most reliable strategies for crisis preparedness and response. In small towns and large metropolitan areas alike, those responsible for the safety and security of their communities have had to pivot quickly to address large outbreaks and enforce a variety of mitigation actions to help 'flatten the curve' of surging infections. [...] The City of Houston and its five surrounding counties are home to 6.8 million people, spread across more than 7,000 square miles. Our metropolitan area is one of the 10 largest economies in the U.S. Since the pandemic began, the Houston Mayor's Office of Public Safety and Homeland Security has worked in close partnership with numerous law enforcement, emergency management, fire, healthcare, and other agencies in the region, alongside the private-sector companies that own a large portion of our critical infrastructure and supply chains."
Collaborative Reform Initiative Technical Assistance Center
Buenik, George T., Jr.; Hanagriff, Jack
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COVID-19 Field Feature: Keeping Montana Officers Trained During a Pandemic
From the Document: "With a population of just over one million inhabitants, served by approximately 2,500 state, local, and tribal law enforcement officers, Montana relies on one institution to train the vast majority of its peace officers: the Montana Law Enforcement Academy (MLEA). As news spread that police academies throughout the United States were shuttering and cancelling programs because of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019], MLEA's top-notch team improvised, adapted, and kept the academy fully operational. As Montana's governor began scaling back public services across the state in March 2020, a basic law enforcement class of 59 students was just a couple of weeks from graduation, and a new group of students was preparing to start shortly thereafter. Small, rural agencies were already short-handed and desperate to put officers on the street, and the larger agencies were still reeling from retirements and vacancies. Those factors combined with COVID-19 impacts made it the worst possible time for a disruption in MLEA training. Montana faced the prospect of significant long-term public safety consequences."
Collaborative Reform Initiative Technical Assistance Center
Lockerby, Bryan
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GAO Topic Collection: Homeland Security Products
This page lists the most recent GAO reports and testimonies related to homeland security issued since April 1997.
United States. Government Accountability Office
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COVID-19 Special Resource [website]
The Headington Institute, a non-profit organization specializing in psychological wellness for frontline responders, has dedicated a special section of their website to coronavirus 2019 [COVID-19] resources for job-related stress. From the Website: "As COVID-19 spreads around the world, aid workers, responders, and community intervention staff are all facing a landscape full of unknown challenges. Here at the Institute, it's our job to support you and your team, no mater what's ahead. In the coming days we will be posting more research-backed tools to help you and your team."
Headington Institute
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SECURE Program: Concept of Operations
This document provides an overview of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) SECURE (System Efficacy through Commercialization, Utilization, Relevance and Education) Program, which is "a comprehensive program to enable DHS-S&T [Department of Homeland Security-Science & Technology] to efficiently and cost-effectively leverage the resources, skills, experience and productivity of the Private Sector to develop technologies and products in alignment with specific requirements obtained from DHS Components, the First Responder Community and other End-Users involved in Homeland Security applications."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate
Cellucci, Thomas A.
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School Safety: Funding, Training and Resources
"To enhance school safety, the Department of Homeland Security offers funding, training, and resources for efforts such as providing money for emergency preparedness, training school bus drivers in security and hardening school buildings' vulnerability."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
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Federal Emergency Management Agency: Hurricanes
This Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) webpage provides general information about hurricanes as well as information about hurricane preparedness and response and the assistance provided by FEMA.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Department of Homeland Security: Secure Driver's Licenses
From the website: "Secure driver's licenses and identification documents are a vital component of a holistic national security strategy. Law enforcement must be able to rely on government-issued identification documents and know that the bearer of such a document is who he or she claims to be. Obtaining fraudulent identification documents presents an opportunity for terrorists to board airplanes, rent cars, open bank accounts, or conduct other activities without being detected. The 9/11 Commission recommended that the Federal Government work with other layers of government to solidify the security of government-issued documents. Securing state-issued identification documents is a common-sense national security and law enforcement imperative, which also helps to combat identity fraud and illegal immigration."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
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Project Safe Neighborhoods [website]
This is the official website of the United States Department of Justice's 'Project Safe Neighborhoods'. "Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN) is a nationwide commitment to reduce gun and gang crime in America by networking existing local programs that target gun and gun crime and providing these programs with additional tools necessary to be successful. Since its inception in 2001, approximately $2 billion has been committed to this initiative. This funding is being used to hire new federal and state prosecutors, support investigators, provide training, distribute gun lock safety kits, deter juvenile gun crime, and develop and promote community outreach efforts as well as to support other gun and gang violence reduction strategies. The Project Safe Neighborhoods initiative was launched in 2001, and built upon the foundations of previously-existing gun crime reduction efforts such as the Clinton-era Strategic Approaches to Community Safety Initiative (SACSI), Richmond's Project Exile, and the Boston Ceasefire program. By studying these and other efforts, the Department determined that successful gun crime reduction initiatives had three common elements: they were comprehensive, coordinated and community-based."
United States. Department of Justice
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Rural Domestic Preparedness Consortium [website]
"The nation's rural emergency responders face unique challenges when compared to their urban counterparts. In recognizing the need for consistent, quality training which addresses those challenges, Congress and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) established the Rural Domestic Preparedness Consortium (RDPC or the Consortium) to develop and deliver relevant all-hazards training in support of rural homeland security requirements.[...]. Led by Eastern Kentucky University, the Consortium is comprised of academic partners that possess extensive experience and niche capabilities in developing and delivering homeland security curriculum to the rural emergency response community. [...]. To ensure that training directly reflects the needs of rural emergency responders, the Consortium convenes a national rural preparedness summit and completes a bi-annual national survey of rural stakeholders. Data gathered from these activities is used to determine the type of training needs, the extent to which it is needed, and the best delivery methods."
Rural Domestic Preparedness Consortium
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What You and Your Family Need To Know about Your Federal Benefits during an Emergency
"This material focuses on benefits issues Federal employees, retirees and their survivors may face as a result of an emergency such as a hurricane, pandemic health crisis, or terrorist attack. The information that follows is an overview prepared by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM). More detailed information on each benefit program is available from the agency that administers the program. Employees or their survivors should seek more detailed information from their employing agency, which has the employee's records. Employing agencies also have needed forms and can provide assistance in completing them. The 1-800-307-8298 emergency phone number provided here will only be available during emergencies. Emergency information will be posted on OPM's Website at www.opm.gov. If you are unable to contact your agency during an emergency, please contact OPM at 1-800-307-8298 During non-emergency periods, please call the main OPM Retirement and Insurance phone at 1- 888-767-6738. If you are already a retiree or survivor, or if you are unable to contact your employing agency, call OPM at 1-800-307-8298. OPM will assist you in contacting your employing agency." If an updated version of this document is made available, it will be found at http://www.opm.gov/pandemic/agency/informations.asp.
United States. Office of Personnel Management
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Colorado Information Analysis Center [website]
The Colorado Information Analysis Center "is a multi agency fusion center created to help prevent terrorism incidents in Colorado. The CIAC is designed to link all stakeholders in Colorado, from local and federal law enforcement officers, to bankers and school teachers. It emphasizes detection, prevention, and information-driven response to protect the citizens and critical infrastructure of Colorado. This counterterrorism effort is centralized in order to enhance interagency cooperation and expedite information flow." The website offers links to several relevant Colorado and Federal agencies, news stories, and a way for users to report suspicious activity.
Colorado Information Analysis Center
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Deadly Virus: The Influenza Epidemic of 1918 [website]
This web-based interactive document published by the National Archives and Records Administration is the homepage to a more extensive page with selected photos and documents related to the Influenza Epidemic of 1918. The following is taken from the website: "World War I claimed an estimated 16 million lives. The influenza epidemic that swept the world in 1918 killed an estimated 50 million people. One fifth of the world's population was attacked by this deadly virus. Within months, it had killed more people than any other illness in recorded history. The plague emerged in two phases. In late spring of 1918, the first phase, known as the 'three-day fever,' appeared without warning. Few deaths were reported. Victims recovered after a few days. When the disease surfaced again that fall, it was far more severe. Scientists, doctors, and health officials could not identify this disease which was striking so fast and so viciously, eluding treatment and defying control. Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms. Others succumbed after a few days; their lungs filled with fluid and they suffocated to death. The plague did not discriminate. It was rampant in urban and rural areas, from the densely populated East coast to the remotest parts of Alaska. Young adults, usually unaffected by these types of infectious diseases, were among the hardest hit groups along with the elderly and young children. The flu afflicted over 25 percent of the U.S. population. In one year, the average life expectancy in the United States dropped by 12 years."
United States. National Archives and Records Administration
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Maryland Governor's Office of Homeland Security [website]
"The Governor's Office of Homeland Security was established on 23 June 2003. The Office serves as the direct liaison to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, as well as coordinating State departments, agencies, counties, and municipalities in matters of homeland security and emergency preparedness. The Maryland Emergency Management Agency (MEMA), which is part of the Maryland Military Department, provides logistical and infrastructure support to the Office of Homeland Security. MEMA manages many of the federal grants funding a broad range of initiatives leading to enhanced protection from and responses to the full range of natural and man-made disasters which could threaten our citizens."
Maryland. Governor's Office of Homeland Security
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Standard NEST Briefing
This undated briefing (circa 1996) comes from the Department of Energy's Nevada Operations Office and discusses the Nuclear Emergency Search Team (NEST) missions and responsibilities. From the briefing: "To assist in your understanding of NEST, I would like to address the background, capabilities, and some of the past deployments of NEST. The NEST capability is built around the Department of Energy's nuclear weapons capability and was established in 1975 in response to an increasing number of nuclear threats. Over the years, the resources of NEST have been expanded and diversified to meet actual and potential misuses of nuclear materials. NEST draws on the resources of the Department of Energy national laboratories at Los Alamos, Lawrence Livermore, and Sandia. It also includes specialized contractors such as EG&G/EM, Reynolds Electrical and Engineering, Inc. and Raytheon Services of Nevada. NEST also obtains expertise and equipment from other government agencies. To date, there have been in excess of 100 nuclear extortion threats and incidents in the United States. Only approximately a dozen of these resulted in deployment of NEST assets. All others were clearly determined to be hoaxes, not requiring further action."
United States. Department of Energy
Ronshaugen, Stephen
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Avian Influenza Action Group [website]
"The Under Secretary for Democracy and Global Affairs has developed the Avian Influenza Action Group headed by the Special Representative for Avian and Pandemic Influenza. The Avian Influenza Action Group, in close collaboration with the Departments of Health and Human Services, Agriculture, Homeland Security, Defense, the U.S. Agency for International Development, and other agencies, leads the Department's work on developing an international engagement strategy based on preparedness, prevention, and containment. The Avian Influenza Action Group is involved in efforts to: engage political leadership in affected nations through bilateral interactions and multilateral forums; strengthen transparency and international cooperation; improve surveillance and laboratory capacity; strengthen coordination between human and animal health sectors; and develop coordination of concerned countries."
United States. Department of State
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NOAA Tsunami [website]
"A tsunami is a series of ocean waves generated by sudden displacements in the sea floor, landslides, or volcanic activity. In the deep ocean, the tsunami wave may only be a few inches high. The tsunami wave may come gently ashore or may increase in height to become a fast moving wall of turbulent water several meters high. Although a tsunami cannot be prevented, the impact of a tsunami can be mitigated through community preparedness, timely warnings, and effective response. NOAA has primary responsibility for providing tsunami warnings to the Nation, and a leadership role in tsunami observations and research." This website offers a variety of information about tsunamis, from the basics to preparedness methods and hazard assessments. There are several links to other resources on the local, state, and national level.
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
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Northwest Tribal Emergency Management Council [website]
"The NWTEMC [Northwest Tribal Emergency Management Council] was formed in 2004 as a consortium of Tribes in the Northwest region of Washington State to help Tribes participate in Homeland Security and Emergency Management issues. Currently the NWTEMC is composed of and serves Tribes in Washington, Oregon and Idaho for the purposes of information sharing and solidarity in dealing with homeland security/emergency management/public health issues as they pertain to Native Nations."
Northwest Tribal Emergency Management Council
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Ohio Homeland Security [website]
"Protecting Ohioans from potential acts of terrorism is central to Public Safety's mission. Homeland Security was established as a new division within Public Safety in September 2003 to strengthen Ohio's commitment to addressing the new threats and challenges of terrorism in wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks."
Ohio. Department of Public Safety; Ohio Homeland Security
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Nevada Division of Emergency Management - Homeland Security [website]
The Nevada Governor's Office of Homeland Security (OHS) "acts as the Cabinet-level State office for the prevention of and preparation for a potential terrorist event. Nevada OHS directs and coordinates a comprehensive counter terrorism and 'all threats-all hazards' approach in its prevention, preparedness and response strategies. Nevada OHS in meeting its mission of prevention, detection, and deterrence of terrorism focuses on enhanced information collection and sharing, critical infrastructure protection, citizen preparedness, and strengthening Interoperable Communications. Nevada OHS priorities are set through a collaborative approach to the various homeland security issues. Our success depends on partnerships among federal, state, tribal and local agencies; as well as the private sector and citizenry at large."
Nevada. Division of Emergency Management
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Mississippi Office of Homeland Security [website]
"The Mississippi Office of Homeland Security (MSOHS) is leading a multi-agency task force charged with preparing state government to deal with terrorism. Immediately following the September 11 terrorist attacks, the Governor asked state agencies to re-energize their domestic preparedness efforts. As a result, the office enhanced the current capabilities and assets of state government and used this information to refine the Homeland Security components of the state's emergency response plan. To accomplish this, the Homeland Security office identified areas in need of upgrading consistent with the national response plan and began the revitalization process. Other agencies are assisting in the process as well, law enforcement responder agencies and Citizen Corps teams are currently engaged in the effort to promote and maintain a safe environment. Additionally, MSOHS is working with local agencies to establish, equip, and train Regional Response Teams capable of responding to any type of Terrorist incident. This revised plan will be supportive of both the State and National strategies."
Mississippi. Department of Public Safety
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Protect Your Property
This Federal Emergency Management Agency webpage offers a variety of short documents regarding the protection of property from disasters such as: earthquakes, fires, flooding, and highwinds.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Wet Floodproofing Requirements for Structures Located in Special Flood Hazard Areas in Accordance with the National Flood Insurance Program
"This Bulletin describes planning, design, and construction requirements for wet floodproofing certain types of structures and their uses under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). The basic characteristic that distinguishes wet floodproofing is the internal flooding of a structure as opposed to providing essential watertight protection."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Below-Grade Parking Requirements for Buildings Located in Special Flood Hazard Areas in Accordance with the National Flood Insurance Program
"The purpose of this bulletin is to provide technical guidance on the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) floodplain management requirements for below-grade parking garages for nonresidential buildings in Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHAS) shown on Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs). Below-grade parking garages are commonly found in large engineered commercial buildings and are used for parking and access to the above-grade floors of the building. Flooding of these enclosed areas may result in significant damage to the building and any mechanical, electrical, or other utility equipment located there, such as ventilation equipment, lighting, elevator equipment, and drainage pumps. The garage walls, which often are major structural components of the building's foundation, are also susceptible to flood damage. The potential for injury to anyone in the garage, the potential for damage to parked cars, and the safety issue of removing parked cars when flooding threatens are important design considerations."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Elevator Installation for Buildings Located in Special Flood Hazard Areas in accordance with the National Flood Insurance Program
"Under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), flood insurance coverage is limited for elevator equipment. New or replacement equipment relevant to an elevator, installed on or after October 1, 1987, and located below the lowest floor of an elevated building or in a basement is not covered for flood damage. This Technical Bulletin provides information on proper installation of elevators in flood hazard areas to reduce flood damage. Elevator types and their associated equipment are described, and practical methods of protecting them from flood damage are provided. The guidelines within this bulletin meet existing NFIP regulations that pertain to elevators, as well as serve to encourage the use of loss prevention measures that would reduce both the level of damage that can occur and the amount of time and work needed to make repairs. If these guidelines are followed, restoration of elevator service to the undamaged portion of the building can be accomplished as soon as possible after floodwaters recede and power is restored."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Who Noticed, Who Cares? Passenger Reactions to Transit Safety Measures
"Safety and security are important considerations for the transit operator, but few empirical studies exist that measure the effectiveness of measures taken to improve transit safety on either actual crime (or other incident) data or transit passengers' perceived safety. The current study focuses on the links between transit safety measures implemented in the Ann Arbor, Michigan region, the visibility of these improvements to transit passengers, and perceived levels of safety. The findings indicate that the characteristics of passengers' riding patterns, and whether or not a safety measure was noticed all played some role in determining perceived safety. Additionally, ridership patterns and personal characteristics also affected whether or not passengers noticed safety enhancements. Of the measures undertaken, increased police presence and increased lighting proved most effective in increasing perceived levels of safety, and these were also the most visible. Safety measures also had their largest positive effect on perceptions in association with those transit places and situations perceived as least safe. In a similar vein, while women felt less safe overall than men, they were more likely to notice safety enhancements and to feel safer as a result. Future efforts to build on this research should incorporate actual crime statistics, thereby extending the models discussed and providing a comprehensive view of the relationships between crime, safety enhancements, and passenger perceptions."
United States. Joint Program Office for Intelligent Transportation Systems
