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Interventions to Mitigate the Reduced Ability and Willingness to Work of Health Care Workers During a Pandemic Influenza Public Health Emergency
From the Document: "Several widely publicized articles were released in the past two years which suggest that health care and public health employees may be unable or unwilling to report to work during a public health emergency involving contagion or contamination such as pandemic influenza, SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome], smallpox, or a terrorist attack using disease or radiation: [1] A 2006 study of public health department workers, only 54% of those surveyed indicated that they would 'likely report to work' during a pandemic influenza outbreak. [2] In 2005 a national survey of pre-hospital care workers indicated that only 65% of EMTs [emergency medical technicians] were willing to report for duty during a smallpox outbreak. [3] Also in 2005, only 48% of health care workers in the greater New York City area reported that they were 'willing to work' during a widespread outbreak of SARS-like illness. Although a recurrence of pandemic influenza is inevitable, it was not until recently that there has been a very public acknowledgement of the impact it will potentially place upon society in terms of the delivery of medical care."
National Center for Disaster Preparedness
Garrett, Andrew L.; Gill, Kimberly
2007-01-12
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Managing an Infectious Disease Outbreak in a School
This document highlights a Tuscan School District incident that provides valuable insight for state and local health officials, school administrators, school nurses, teachers, families and students nationwide as they work to create and implement an all-hazards emergency management plan that includes partnerships with multiple agencies' response to infectious diseases of all magnitudes. Lessons learned include: revise district and school-based emergency management plans following and incident; implement an incident command system to identify roles and responsibilities; incorporate a communications component into the emergency management plan; establish a partnership with media before an event occurs; develop a continuity of operations (COOP) plan; plan for alternative school uses; and enlist staff familiar to families to support response and recovery efforts.
United States. Department of Education
2007
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Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Guidance for Healthcare Workers and Healthcare Employers [2007]
"The guidance document is organized into four major sections: Clinical background information on influenza; Infection control; Pandemic influenza preparedness; and OSHA standards of special importance. Given the technical nature and breadth of information available in the document, each section has been subdivided (see Table of Contents) in order to allow readers to quickly focus on areas of interest. The document also contains appendices which provide pandemic planners with samples of infection control plans, examples of practical pandemic planning tools and additional technical information. Topic areas include Internet resources, communication tools, sample infection control programs, selftriage and home care resources, diagnosis and treatment of staff during a pandemic, planning and supply checklists and risk communication. This educational material has been provided for informational purposes only and should be used in conjunction with the entire document in order to ensure that healthcare workers are adequately protected during a pandemic. OSHA does not recommend one option over the many effective alternatives that exist. OSHA has prepared additional, general information to assist workplaces in their preparation for an influenza pandemic entitled, Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for an Influenza Pandemic which is available at www.osha.gov."
United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
2007
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SFDPH Isolation and Quarantine Plan
This presentation details San Francisco Department of Public Health's isolation and quarantine plan and its relevance to business owners in the city. The PowerPoint lists diseases requiring quarantine and the possible effect this would have on the private sector.
San Francisco (Calif.). Department of Public Health
Cardenas, Celina
2007-01-01?
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World Health Report 2007: A Safer Future, Global Public Health Security in the 21st Century
"The World Health Report 2007 is dedicated to promoting global public health security - the reduced vulnerability of populations to acute threats to health. This year's World Health Day, celebrated in April, launched WHO's discussion on global public health security. Around the world, academics, students, health professionals, politicians and the business community are engaged in dialogue on how to protect the world from threats like pandemic influenza, the health consequences of conflict and natural disasters, and bioterrorism. The World Health Report 2007 addresses these issues, among others, in the context of new tools for collective defence, including, most notably, the revised International Health Regulations (2005). These Regulations are an international legal instrument designed to achieve maximum security against the international spread of diseases. They also aim to reduce the international impact of public health emergencies."
World Health Organization
2007
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Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges -- Finding Solutions, Workshop Summary
"Early detection is essential to the control of emerging, reemerging, and novel infectious diseases, including agents of bioterrorism. Containing the spread of such a disease in a profoundly interconnected world requires active vigilance for signs of an outbreak, rapid recognition of its presence, and diagnosis of its microbial cause, as well as strategies and resources for an appropriate and efficient response."
National Academies Press (U.S.)
Hamburg, Margaret A.; Lemon, Stanley M.; Sparling, P. Frederick . . .
2007
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Privacy & Pandemic Flu Guide
"The Privacy and Pandemic Flu Guide is designed to aid public health professionals when privacy concerns are raised about activities related to pandemic flu planning and response. The guide describes four steps that will walk a public health professional through an analysis of the activities. The guide was developed as a result of a May 2007 discussion among a small group of experts in privacy and preparedness. This guide is intended to be a dynamic document, and it is hoped that feedback from the field on its utility will inform future iterations. In recent years, much attention has been given to public health legal preparedness, including emergency powers and quarantine and isolation implementation. Public health legal preparedness also involves awareness of federal and state laws that relate to the collection, protection, use, and disclosure of information during public health emergency planning and response. In May 2007, ASTHO convened a group of subject matter experts to discuss privacy issues related to pandemic flu preparedness and response. The group was made of representatives from ten public health jurisdictions, as well as the private sector, national organizations, and federal agencies. This guide is a product of that discussion. It is designed to support public health professionals in protecting the public's health while balancing the need to protect information from wrongful or harmful disclosure."
Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (U.S.)
2007
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Law Enforcement Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Checklist
This checklist from Seattle & King County's Public Health department provides guidance for law enforcement agencies in developing and improving influenza pandemic response and preparation plans. LLIS Core Capability: Community Preparedness Please Note: This record has been imported to the HSDL as part of the LLIS Consolidation project and has not yet been reviewed by HSDL staff. Some information may be incomplete, missing, or inaccurate. For more information on the LLIS Consolidation project, please see here: [http://www.hsdl.org/?llis]
Seattle and King County Department of Public Health
2007-01-01?
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Ethical Considerations in Developing a Public Health Response to Pandemic Influenza
"The purpose of this document is to assist social and political leaders at all levels who influence policy decisions about the incorporation of ethical considerations into national influenza pandemic preparedness plans (for link to national plans see Annex). The document focuses on priority setting and equitable access to resources, restriction of individuals' movements as a result of non-pharmaceutical interventions (including isolation of cases, quarantine of contacts, and limitation of social gatherings), the respective obligations of health-care workers and their employers and governments, and the obligations of countries vis-à-vis each other. Key ethical principles emphasized include equity, utility/efficiency, liberty, reciprocity, and solidarity. The document also addresses the need for transparent and timely sharing of information to improve evidence-based policy design and facilitate public engagement in the decision-making process. This document addresses issues related to public health, primarily those likely to arise during the pandemic alert period and the pandemic period (see Glossary). Since specific decisions will depend on local circumstances and cultural values, it will be necessary to adapt this global guidance to the regional and country-level context, with full respect to the principles and laws of international human rights."
World Health Organization
2007
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Financial Services Sector Coordinating Council; 2006 Annual Report
The finance and banking industry is critically for the operations within and without the United States and provides a potential target for terrorist organizations. Keeping the financial sector operating whether it be terrorists, power outages or pandemic flu requires a well coordinated strategy among the principle organizations. This report identifies the risks and strategy for keeping the financial sector operating in times when its continuity could be compromised.
Financial Services Sector Coordinating Council
2007
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Influenza Pandemic Preparedness in Ireland: Joint Assessment Report, 2007
This report was created "to support national Irish authorities in jointly evaluating and improving the status of pandemic influenza preparedness in Ireland, including the interoperability of its plans with other countries in Europe" and to evaluate the current status of preparedness for influenza. The report has a special focus on "strengths of pandemic influenza preparedness and areas where further work is needed and specific steps for improvement and areas where support from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and other organizations may be requested. The end product is an agreed recommended action list for improvement and a follow-up programme which also clarifies the further support needed from the ECDC."
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2007
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Talking To Your Patients About Pandemic Flu
This guide summarizes common questions and concerns patients may have about a pandemic flu outbreak.
Johns Hopkins University
2007
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Blue Cascades IV: Critical Infrastructure and Pandemic Preparedness
"Participants in the BLUE CASCADES IV tabletop exercise held January 26, 2007 in Seattle, WA, reconvened on June 5 at the WaMu Center in Seattle for a Puget Sound Partnership Quarterly Meeting and to develop a pandemic resilience Action Plan based on the exercise results. After hearing updates on state, local and regional federal infrastructure security activities, attendees participated in breakout group sessions to discuss the exercise findings and recommendations and identify and prioritize projects and other activities to address them. […] Topics for the breakout sessions were: Understanding vulnerabilities, consequences, and interdependencies-related impacts/communications and critical IT reliability, resilience and security; Cross-jurisdiction, cross-sector coordination, cooperation and information-sharing/roles and responsibilities; Response, recovery and reconstitution challenges/business continuity and supply chain assurance, and Public information, the media/education and training. Each breakout group had a public and private co-moderator who reported the outcome of their respective breakout group deliberations and recommended projects to the collective participants. Participants further revised and finalized them for the Action Plan, noting whether they were short-term activities (less than a year in duration), medium-term (two years), or longer-term. It was determined that lead organizations for each identified activity would be determined after the Action Plan was finalized. The top priority identified was the development of a regional holistic pandemic resilience strategy for which key stakeholders with local, state, federal agency partners would develop detailed requirements and then implement. Workshop participants also called for creation of various working groups and subgroups within the Puget Sound Partnership to focus on 'low hanging fruit' activities and to hold further workshops and targeted exercises to explore pandemic preparedness and management challenges."
Puget Sound Partnership for Regional Infrastructure Security; Pacific NorthWest Economic Region (Organization)
2007
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Are You Ready? Implementing the National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza: Full Hearing Before the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, Second Session, Mary 16, 2006
From the opening statement of John Linder: "The pillars that are laid out in the President's implementation plan are a good start. We need to ensure plans are being made for a potential pandemic everywhere, and what every American should be doing, and how the Federal Government will help them. Communication of rules and responsibility is very important. We need to have the most effective surveillance tools to detect possible outbreaks, and we must be able to quickly respond and hopefully contain the spread of any outbreak. I look forward to the testimony of our witnesses as they lay out their respective roles for preparing for potential pandemic. We need to be able to separate fact from fiction and make the public more confident that we will be ready in the case of a influenza pandemic." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Peter T. King, Donna M. Christensen, Peter A. DeFazio, Norman D. Dicks, Bob Etheridge, John Linder, Eleanor Holmes-Norton, Mike Rogers, Rob Simmons, John Agwonubi, John Clifford, Jeffrey W. Runge, Peter F. Verga.
United States. Government Printing Office
2007
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Pandemic Influenza Preparedness: Hearing Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, One Hundred Ninth Congress, Second Session, Special Hearing, January 31, 2006
From the opening statement of Arlen Specter: "This hearing is designed to acquaint the public with the scope of the potential problem. It could be enormous, or it might not be a major problem. That will depend upon what happens in many distant places around the world, what happens in Asia, what happens in Turkey and what happens by way of an influenza-contagious outburst. We have already seen some 160 people infected by bird flu. We have seen some 85 die. We have seen the problem move in a number of directions from Asia to Turkey. We are concerned about the problem of transmission from birds to humans and then from humans to humans and the complex question of mutation and the fact that we are not prepared at this moment for what could occur. We are looking at issues of vaccines where we are not prepared, and we'll get into the details of that. We're looking at antiviral drugs, again, where we are not prepared. The pandemics have a cyclical effect. In 1918, a pandemic-it is estimated it killed some 50 million people around the world. We have had one as recently as 1968." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Tom Harkin, John Agwunobi, Julie L. Gerberding, John M. Barry, Richard Webby, George B. Abercrombie, Daniel Soland, Christopher Viehbacher, Mary Mincer Hansen, Calvin B. Johnson, Bruce W. Dixon, Joanne Godley, and Larry Craig.
United States. Government Printing Office
2007
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Pandemic Influenza Preparedness in the Financial Services Sector: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Financial Services U.S. House of Representatives. One Hundred Ninth Congress. Second Session. June 29, 2006.
From the opening statement of Sue W. Kelly: "This morning, we will discuss the state of preparedness in the financial services sector for an influenza pandemic. We are all aware of growing awareness and concern over bird flu and its potential development into a global pandemic. The term 'bird flu' is used for a type of influenza common among wild birds and easily transmitted to domestic fowl, and as such, is a major concern to the poultry industry. In its present genetic form, it can be transmitted from birds or other host animals to humans, and can cause very serious illness and death. It is a most critical health concern, however, with its potential problem to mutate into a form that could readily pass from human to human. Should this mutation occur and should the disease then spread widely throughout the globe, we would face a true pandemic, something we have not dealt with in this country since 1918. Presently, the H5N1 strain of the avian flu has not become a pandemic. It has, however, cropped up in humans in various locations, primarily in Asia." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Edwin J. Collins, Gregory J. Ferris, Robert Gleeson, Scott D. Parsons, Edward L. Yingling, and Andrew J. Cataldo.
United States. Government Printing Office
2007
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Protecting the Homeland: Fighting Pandemic Flu from the Front Lines: Joint Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attack Joint With the Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Science, and Technology of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, Second Session, February 8, 2006
"The subcommittees are meeting today to hear testimony on protecting the homeland in fighting pandemic flu on the frontlines. I would like to welcome and thank our distinguished panel of witnesses for appearing today before this joint hearing of these two subcommittees. Imagine this scenario. On September 29, seven deaths were reported in Washington. By October 2, there had been a total of 35. By the middle of October, 60 to 90 people were dying each day. By then, the city's commissioners had taken drastic steps, first closing the schools, then prohibiting any large indoor public gatherings, including church services. The Red Cross nurses were caring for the sick, who were flooding area hospitals, or worse, suffering unattended in their homes. Disposal of bodies became a particular problem. On October 12, the U.S. Capitol shut its door to visitors. Ladies and gentlemen, this is an account of life in the fall of 1918 here in Washington, D.C., reported in The Washington Post. The United States, like most of the rest of the world, was gripped with a pandemic of Spanish influenza. With over 50 million deaths worldwide, it was the third-largest epidemic in recorded history, and the largest since the Middle Ages. Today, the possibility exists that the world may face yet another deadly outbreak, this time from an avian influenza strain known as H5N1. While the virus has not yet evolved into a form easily transmissible between humans, should it acquire that capability, it is similar to the 1918 pandemic."
United States. Government Printing Office
2007
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Pandemic Preparedness Handbook
This Pandemic Preparedness Handbook was created to provide detailed guidance to government, corporate, and international planners charged with the development of their pandemic readiness and response plan. Don Philpott, Senior Editor of Homeland Defense Journal authored this handbook with input from federal, state and local emergency response and public health managers.
Homeland Defense Journal (Firm)
Philpott, Don
2007-01-01
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Pandemic Preparedness Planning for US Businesses with Overseas Operations
"In the event of pandemic influenza, businesses will play a key role in protecting employees' health and safety as well as limiting the negative impact to the economy and society. The United States Government has created the following guide to help U.S. businesses with overseas operations prepare and implement pandemic business continuity. This is a list of suggestions and can serve as a starting point for developing a comprehensive plan." Please Note: This record has been imported to the HSDL as part of the LLIS Consolidation project and has not yet been reviewed by HSDL staff. Some information may be incomplete, missing, or inaccurate. For more information on the LLIS Consolidation project, please see here: [http://www.hsdl.org/?llis]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2007-01
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Preparing for Pandemic Flu: A Community Guide
"This Community Guide is a way to help educate and prepare you and all Missourians for pandemic flu. This guide will help you LEARN more about influenza, PLAN how to respond to the next major flu pandemic, and find the best ways to PROTECT yourself against this serious health threat."
Missouri. Department of Health & Senior Services
2007?
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Pandemic Influenza Toolkit for Ohio Schools
"The information contained in this toolkit is a compilation of materials representing the current knowledge of planning considerations for schools for a pandemic influenza event. As preparing for a pandemic requires broad community planning, schools are strongly encouraged to work with their local health department and other local emergency planning agencies as they develop their individual plans. It is important to note that each board of education will have unique local issues to consider as they develop school policies and procedures for their specific district. The information in this resource is not meant to supersede local school board policies or local health department initiatives, but rather to inform and provide guidance."
Ohio. Department of Health
2007-01
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Pandemic Influenza Mitigation Strategies and Their Economic Impacts
From the Abstract: "The current avian influenza in Asia, Africa, and Europe has sparked discussions of a new human pandemic influenza perhaps hitting the world. While the current influenza is not spread by human-to-human contact--a necessary characteristic for a human pandemic--there is a potential that it may become so. Since the pandemic does not currently exist, it is not known what characteristics--such as infectiousness and death rate--the disease will exhibit. The study conducted by the Critical Infrastructure Protection Decision Support System (CIPDSS) explores the possible mitigation strategies and their effect on the US economy. Results show that while many people may be infected, the economic costs for the US are relatively low especially in comparison to past economic perturbations. "
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Ewers, Mary; Dauelsberg, Lori R.
2007?
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US Pandemic Influenza Implementation Plan at Six Months
"There has been great concern recently about pandemic influenza. The US government developed a National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza in November 2005, followed by an implementation plan in May 2006. A sixmonth progress report was published in late December. The current strategies are intended to improve preparedness and response for the next influenza pandemic. In comparison with the optimistic neglect that often characterized past planning for pandemic influenza, there has been considerable progress on a number of fronts in the past year. Despite this progress, major gaps remain. These include the coordination, encouragement and funding of international surveillance and cooperation; the need for new and more agile vaccine technologies; limitations in the use and distribution of antiviral agents; and communication with, and resources for, local responders and the public. One question is why, despite an estimated 36,000 seasonal influenza deaths annually in the United States alone, and a much greater number during pandemics, relatively little new basic research has been done for decades. This emphasizes both the need for and the difficulty of sustaining pandemic preparedness."
Nature Publishing Group
Morse, Stephen S.
2007
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Pandemic Preparedness for the Bedford Heights Fire Department
"The problem is the Bedford Heights Fire Department (BHFD) does not have a standard operating guideline (SOG) to manage the daily operations of the fire department during a pandemic influenza outbreak. The purpose was to identify the critical components of a pandemic SOG that will assist the BHFD in managing its operations during a pandemic. Descriptive research was used to answer the following research questions. What is a pandemic? What recommendations have been made by national, state, and local health agencies to assist fire departments? What standard operating guidelines do similar sized departments have for a pandemic? Pandemic influenza is not a new infectious disease in the United States. Pandemic information changes almost daily and Internet research proved to be the most reliable and current source. Results showed that fire departments in Cuyahoga County do not have a pandemic SOG. It was recommended that the BHFD establish a Planning Committee to identify the critical components of a pandemic SOG."
National Fire Academy
Ledford, Kenneth L., Jr.
2007-01
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U.S. Nuclear Regular Commission Interim Pandemic Response Plan
The NRC's [Nuclear Regulatory Commission] Pandemic Response Plan is intended to equip NRC managers and staff to maintain adequate protection of public health and safety, promotion of the common defense and security, and protection of the environment through the continuity of the agency's more important functions, identified as Pandemic Priority Functions (PPFs), in the event of a pandemic that could significantly increase absenteeism at NRC and in licensed activities.
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
2007-01-01?
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LLIS Lesson Learned: School Pandemic Influenza Preparedness: Incorporating Inventory Information into Emergency Plans
"Higher education institutions should consider including up-to-date inventory information about personal protective equipment (PPE) and other emergency supplies in their emergency plans. The plans can detail current stockpile levels as well as provide projections of how long the stockpiles would last during an emergency. [...] On October 10, 2007, the University of North Carolina Wilmington (UNCW) held a tabletop exercise (TTX) simulating the effect of a worldwide pandemic influenza outbreak on its Wilmington campus. The TTX scenario included the identification of a suspected avian influenza case on the UNCW campus. The TTX evaluated the UNCW pandemic influenza response plan and helped to prepare UNCW emergency responders. The TTX included 15 participants representing 12 UNCW departments."
Lessons Learned Information Sharing (LLIS); United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2007?
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Pandemic Influenza Response Plan for Seattle & King County, Version 14
"Seasonal influenza epidemics recur yearly due to subtypes of influenza that circulate worldwide. These epidemics are responsible for an average of 36,000 deaths annually in the United States. Seasonal influenza primarily impacts those in the community with weaker immune responses (the very young, old and chronically ill) since most people develop some degree of immunity to the viruses through annual illness or vaccine. This immune response helps protect from the serious consequences of influenza. Influenza pandemics, however, are distinct from seasonal influenza epidemics and represent one of the greatest potential threats to the public's health. Pandemic influenza refers to a worldwide epidemic due to a new, dramatically different strain of influenza virus. A pandemic virus strain can spread rapidly from person to person and, if severe, can cause high levels of disease and death around the world."
King County (Wash.)
2007-01-01
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Pandemic Influenza Workbook: A Planning Guide for American Indian/Alaskan Native Communities
"IHS National headquarters, Area, local, and community planning for responding to pandemic influenza is critical. To assist you in your efforts, the Indian Health Service (IHS) has developed the following planning guide, based on materials developed by the Department of Health and Human Services (State and Local Pandemic Influenza Planning Checklist), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Public Health Agency for Canada (Pandemic Influenza Planning Considerations in On-reserve First Nations Communities). It identifies important, specific activities that can be completed now to prepare at local (service unit/health care facility), and community levels. Although based on national recommendations, this planning guide is not intended to set forth mandatory requirements; rather it provides guidance that, if followed, will ensure a standard level of preparedness. Each local and community jurisdiction should determine whether this standard level is adequate and sufficient for pandemic influenza or other disease outbreaks in accordance with community expectations, laws, and procedures. [...] This planning guide outlines key activities needed to plan an appropriate response to pandemic influenza at the local (service unit/facility), and community level ."
United States. Indian Health Service
2007-01-01?
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Understanding the Impact of Pandemic Influenza on the Clinical Laboratory
This document is a presentation on the impact of a pandemic on clinical laboratories. It was presented by Josh Rowland of the University of Nebraska Medical Center at the 2007 Biopreparedness Symposia Series.
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Rowland, Josh
2007
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London Regional Resilience Flu Pandemic Response Plan: Special Arrangements for Dealing with Pandemic Influenza in London
The London Regional Resilience Flu Pandemic Response Plan aims to provide the agencies that make up the London Resilience Partnership with a strategic framework to support their integrated preparedness and response to pandemic influenza. This document will inform and support the development of community and organisational responses that are appropriate to local circumstances and sufficiently consistent to ensure a robust regional response to pandemic influenza.
London Resilience Partnership
2007-01
