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Security Assistance in an Age of Terror
This paper will focus on the important and ever increasing role Security Assistance must play in support of US national goals and objectives in this new age of terror. It will further define the components which comprise Security Assistance, discuss some of the inherent risks and benefits associated with it, compare regional Security Assistance priorities, discuss the political ramifications associated with it and offer analysis and conclusions concerning policy implementation.
Army War College (U.S.)
Willey, Jeffrey D.
2002-04-09
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Information Operations and Asymmetric Warfare...Are We Ready?
Events of Sept 11th, 2001 have made clear one inescapable fact. Because of rapid advances in technology, particularly in the information arena, global communications now enable us to hear and see first hand issues, events and concerns from around the world. These in turn raise passions and compel people to rethink their own closely held beliefs, prejudices and hatreds, and in some cases morphing into actions such as espionage, sabotage or terrorism. Information Operations and future Asymmetric Warfare will have a major impact on the U.S. Army's ability to remain a viable warfighting entity as well as our simple survivability against future adversaries. Currently, the Army's Field Manual FM 100-6 (dated August 1996) is the most up-to-date guide on Information Operations available to the rank and file field soldier and leader. While at the same time, the Army's newest doctrinal publications, FM-1 and FM 3-0, address the Army's future in terms of who we are, what we do, how we do it today, tomorrow, jointly and within the full spectrum of operations that is the asymmetric warfare environment. It is, therefore, tantamount that our policies and future Army vision ensure Information Operations as a tool against asymmetric warfare remain on the forefront of Army strategic planning.
Army War College (U.S.)
Patterson, LaWarren, V.
2002-04-09
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Political Assassination, The Strategic Precision Weapon of Choice
In the dark environment of the new millennium where asymmetric forms of warfare will be the choice of attack by rogue states and non-state entities, political assassination offers the prospect of being the ultimate precision weapon to counter the agents that would wage such a war. This paper explores the history of assassination as a tool of US foreign policy, reviews the current US policy that limits the US government's use of assassination, and argues that the policy should be discarded for a more pragmatic approach given the age in which Americans live.
Army War College (U.S.)
Irvin, Victor D.
2002-04-09
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Impact of International Organized Crime on U.S. National Security Strategy
International organized crime is a growing problem that poses a direct threat to the stability of many regions throughout the world. It challenges the viability of nascent democratic states and undermines their economic prosperity. As such, international crime organizations endanger important U.S. national interests and must be given serious consideration by those who make or implement our national security policy.
Any national security strategy that ignores the pervasive effects of this threat, or fails to recognize its transnational nature is, "fundamentally flawed and doomed to failure."
Army War College (U.S.)
Pelley, Steven R.
2001-03-15
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and Vapor Detector Against Chemical Warfare Agents--Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available SABRE 2000 Handheld Trace and Vapor Detector. This instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapors under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these instruments.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2001-08
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of the VaporTracer Against Chemical Warfare Agents - Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available VaporTracer. The VaporTracer instruments were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the VaporTracer.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Baranoski, John M.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2002-05
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of MIRAN SapphIRe Portable Ambient Air Analyzers Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available MIRAN SapphIRe Portable Ambient Air Analyzer. These detectors were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detectors.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L.
2000-07
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of SAW MiniCAD mkII Detector Against Chemical Warfare Agents--Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available SAW MiniCAD mkII. The instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the SAW MiniCAD mkII.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Johnson, Marcia A.
2001-09
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of RAE Systems ppbRAE Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Monitor Photo-Ionization Detector (PID) Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available ppbRAE Photo-ionization Detector (PID). The instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the ppbRAE PID.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2001-09-19
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Domestic Preparedness Report: Testing of MSA Detector Tubes Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available MSA Detector tubes. These detectors were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detector tubes.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L. . . .
2000-07
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of the SCENTOSCREEN Gas Chromatograph Instrument Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available SCENTOSCREEN by Sentex. The instrument was tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor under various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of the SCENTOSCREEN.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Baranoski, John M.; Ong, Kwok Y.
2002-08
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Domestic Preparedness Program: Testing of Photovac MicroFID Handheld Flame Ionization Detectors Against Chemical Warfare Agents: Summary Report
This report characterizes the chemical warfare (CW) agent detection potential of the commercially available Photovac MicroFID Handheld Flame Ionization Detector. These detectors were tested against HD, GB, and GA vapor at various conditions. This report is intended to provide the emergency responders concerned with CW agent detection an overview of the detection capabilities of these detectors.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Longworth, Terri L.; Ong, Kwok Y.; Barnhouse, Jacob L. . . .
1999-10
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Communicating Warfighting Requirements to Systems Engineers, Part I
A Presentation made at the World Wide Chemical Conference XIX from the U.S. Army Defense Modeling and Simulation Office about the most efficient means of communicating warfighting information to system engineers. Includes requirements definitions, conceptual model development, design development, integration and testing, and execution and results analysis.
United States. Defense Modeling and Simulation Office
Dougherty, Fran; Wong, Alex; Haddix, Furman . . .
2002-02-25
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Installation Antiterrorism Program and Planning Tool
Welcome to the Installation Antiterrorism Program and Planning
Tool. The purpose of this tool is to provide Installation Commanders
and DOD Antiterrorism Officers (ATOs) and other planners a tool to
educate and to assist in the development of Antiterrorism (AT) Plans. This Installation AT Program and Planning Tool is Version 2--an
expansion and update of the Joint Staff Installation AT Planning
Template, Version 1, initially published in September 1998, and the
Weapons of Mass Destruction Appendix to the template, published the
following year. The new version not only consolidates the template and
appendix into one planning document, but also includes a NEW series of
AT foundational information papers, suggestions on how to develop a
solid AT Program in a NEW programming section, an expanded Toolbox, and includes observations and improvements from field users worldwide.
United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff
2000
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Emergency Response to Terrorism: Self-Study Guide
This self-study course is designed to
provide you with a general introduction to the basic concepts for first-responder awareness at the scene of a potential terrorist incident. To master the basics
more thoroughly, it is recommended
that you complete this course as well as the NFA's corresponding 16-hour course, Emergency Response To
Terrorism: Basic Concepts (ERT:BC)
(available as of September 1997). This course includes five modules, a
Glossary, a Curriculum Guide, Appendix A: Terrorism Annex to the
Federal Response Plan, Appendix B:
Presidential Decision Directive 39
(Unclassified), and Appendix C: Related Course List.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
1999-06
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National Response Team's Integrated Contingency Plan Guidance (Part II)
This one-plan guidance was developed through a cooperative effort among numerous NRT agencies, state and local officials, and industry and community representatives. The NRT and the agencies responsible for reviewing and approving federal response plans to which the ICP option applies agree that integrated response plans prepared in the format provided in this guidance will be acceptable and be the federally preferred method of response planning. The NRT realizes that alternate formats for integrating multiple plans already exist and that others likely will be developed. Certain facilities may find those formats more desirable than the one proposed here. The NRT believes that a single functional plan is preferable to multiple plans regardless of the specific format chosen. While they are acceptable, other formats may not allow the same ease of coordination with external plans. In any case, whatever format a facility chooses, no individual NRT agency will require an integrated response planning format differing from the ICP format described here. The NRT anticipates that future development of all federal regulations addressing emergency response planning will incorporate use of the ICP guidance. Also, developers of state and local requirements will be encouraged to be consistent with this document.
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
1996-06-05
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CONPLAN: United States Government Interagency Domestic Terrorism Concept of Operations Plan
The purpose of this plan is to facilitate an effective Federal, response to all threats or acts of terrorism within the United States that are determined to be of sufficient magnitude to warrant implementation of this plan and the associated policy guidelines established in PDD-39 and PDD-62. To accomplish this, the CONPLAN: establishes a structure for a systematic, coordinated and effective national response to threats or acts of terrorism in the United States; defines procedures for the use of Federal resources to augment and support local and State governments; and encompasses both crisis and consequence management responsibilities, and articulates the coordination relationships between these missions. The CONPLAN is a strategic document that: applies to all threats or acts of terrorism within the United States; provides planning guidance and outlines operational concepts for the federal crisis and consequence management response to a threatened or actual terrorist incident within the United States; serves as the foundation for further development of detailed national, regional, state, and local operations plans and procedures; includes guidelines for notification, coordination and leadership of response activities, supporting operations, and coordination of emergency public information across all levels of government; acknowledges the unique nature of each incident, the capabilities of the local jurisdiction, and the activities necessary to prevent or mitigate a specific threat or incident; and illustrates ways in which Federal, State and local agencies can most effectively unify and synchronize their response actions.
United States. Department of Defense
2001-01
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EPA Capabilities: Responding to Nuclear-Biological-Chemical (NBC) Terrorism
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has statutory authorities and responsibilities to
prepare for and respond to emergencies involving oil and hazardous substances, pollutants or
contaminants, which include chemical, biological and radiological materials that could also be components of a weapon of mass destruction (WMD). A WMD is defined as a weapon, device, or
large conventional explosive that produces catastrophic loss of life or property. EPA carries out its preparedness and response efforts primarily under the mandate of the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) and the Radiological Response Program.
EPA provides technical support, response coordination and management, and resource assistance to local and state first responders under the National Response System (NRS). The NRS is the federal government's mechanism for emergency response to releases of hazardous substances,
pollutants, and contaminants and discharges of oil that threaten human health and the environment. The NRS is fully described in the NCP at 40 CFR Part 300.
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
2000-05
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Meeting the Homeland Security Challenge: A Principled Strategy for a Balanced and Practical Response
"Homeland Security" appears poised to be the next growth industry in the National Security realm. So what happened? How did it get this way? More important: What are the threats? What can the United States reasonably do about them? Complete answers to these questions are beyond the scope of this article. Some aspects of the Homeland Security topic are so complex that entire volumes would be necessary to explore narrow issues in anything like the depth necessary. Rather than succumb to the temptation to jump right into details on areas of particular concern to the Coast Guard, we have chosen to step back, to look at Homeland Security in a more comprehensive, holistic
manner to see if there aren't some higher order principles to guide the nation. Our analysis reveals an existing but discounted National Security "Lever of Power" - Civil Authority - that must be used creatively if America is to successfully meet the Homeland Security challenge. We also identify four principles essential to crafting an effective and affordable response to this multi-faceted problem. Among these are adherence to the Constitution and the Rule of Law, as well as the use of Risk Management concepts in selecting those actions and capabilities to implement.
United States. Coast Guard
Loy, James M., 1942-; Ross, Robert G.
2001
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Communicating Warfighting Requirements to Systems Engineers, Part II
A Presentation made at the World Wide Chemical Conference XIX from the U.S. Army Defense Modeling and Simulation Office about the most efficient means of communicating warfighting information to system engineers. Includes requirements definitions, conceptual model development, design development, integration and testing, and execution and results analysis.
United States. Defense Modeling and Simulation Office
Dougherty, Fran; Wong, Alex; Haddix, Furman . . .
2002-02-25
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Terrorism Backgrounder
This document provides background information on terrorism including a definition of terrorism. Emergency information, biological and chemical weapons information, and facts about terrorism are all outlined in this record. Most terrorist incidents in the United States have involved small extremist groups who use terrorism to achieve a designated objective.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2001
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Improving Local and State Agency Response to Terrorist Incidents Involving Biological Weapons: A Planning Guide
This planning guide acts as a first step in assisting your community in analyzing your current Emergency Operations Plans (EOPs) and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to prevent a biological terrorist attack from quickly overwhelming state and local emergency resources. Using the principles from this guide, your community can begin a conversation to incorporate additional planning actions so that you can respond effectively and quickly to a terrorist incident involving biological weapons.
United States. Department of Defense
2000-09-12
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Strategic Plan: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
This report responds to the requirement in Senate Report 107-151 for the Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to develop a strategic plan. Its purpose is to describe, in
broad terms, DARPA's current top-level strategy to Congress, other elements in the Department
of Defense (DoD), the research community, and other interested parties.
United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
2003-02
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National Airspace System: Reauthorizing FAA Provides Opportunity and Options to Address Challenges: Statement of Gerald L. Dillingham, Director, Civil Aviation Issues: Testimony before the Subcommitee on Aviation, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives
The reauthorization of AIR-21 provides an opportunity for Congress and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to focus on several challenges to improving the national airspace system. These challenges include (1) funding planned airport capital development, (2) increasing capacity and efficiency, (3) implementing human capital and procurement reforms, and (4) ensuring aviation safety. This is testimony of Gerald L. Dillingham, Director of Physical Infrastructure Issues, before the Subcommittee on Aviation, House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
United States. General Accounting Office
2003-02-12
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Annual Report on FY 1997 Intelligence Community Activities
This report responds to a Congressionally directed action contained in the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998. Referencing section 109 (as amended in 1996) of the National Security Act of 1947, the Act directs the President to submit an unclassified report ''on the requirements of the United States for intelligence and the activities of the Intelligence Community.'' In keeping with this requirement, this report identifies areas where intelligence is required to meet the national security interests of the United States, and reflects the priorities established by the Administration for implementation by the Director of Central Intelligence for FY 1997. The report includes significant accomplishments as well as initiatives that are being undertaken to strengthen the Community's performance. A classified annex also will be provided to the Congress to supplement information contained in this unclassified report.
United States. Central Intelligence Agency
1998-03-10
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Homeland Security: Challenges Facing the Coast Guard as it Transitions to the New Department, Statement of JayEtta Z. Hecker, Director Physical Infrastructure, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, and Fisheries, Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, U.S. Senate
The Coast Guard is one of 22 agencies being placed in the new Department of Homeland Security. With its key roles in the nation's ports, waterways, and coastlines, the Coast Guard is an important part of enhanced homeland security efforts. But it also has non-security missions, such as search and rescue, fisheries and environmental protection, and boating safety. GAO has conducted a number of reviews of the Coast Guard's missions and was asked to testify about the Coast Guard's implementation challenges in moving to this newly created Department. This is the testimony of JayEtta Z. Hecker, Director of Physical Infrastructure Issues, before the Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, and Fisheries, Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.
United States. General Accounting Office
2003-02-12
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Potential Terrorist Attacks: More Actions Needed to Better Prepare Critical Financial Markets: Statement of Davi M. D'Agostino, Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment: Testimony before the House Committee on Financial Services, Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government Sponsored Enterprises
The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks exposed the vulnerability U.S. financial markets to wide-scale disasters. Because the markets are vital to the nation's economy, GAO s testimony discusses (1) how the financial markets were directly affected by the attacks and how market participants and infrastructure providers worked to restore trading; (2) the steps taken by 15 important financial market organizations to address physical security, electronic security, and business continuity planning since the attacks; and (3) the steps the financial regulators have taken to ensure that the markets are better prepared for future disasters. This is the statement of Davi M. D'Agostino, Director, Financial Markets and Community Investment, before the House Committee on Financial Services, Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government Sponsored Enterprises.
United States. General Accounting Office
2003-02-12
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Biological Warfare Improved Response Program (BW-IRP) Response Decision Tree Workshop
"Based on PL 104-201, the Biological Warfare Improved Response Program (BW-IRP) was established in 1998 to identify, evaluate, and demonstrate the best practical approaches to improve domestic preparedness
for incidents of biological warfare (BW). The BW-IRP is a multi-year program under the auspices of the
Department of Defense and operated by the US Army Soldier Biological and Chemical Command (SBCCOM). During its first year of operation, the BW-IRP assembled an experienced, multi-agency team from the medical and responder communities to develop two primary products: a BW Response Template summarized in Figure 1 and a prioritized list of response gaps and improvements that would be the basis for additional study. The workshop participants concluded that development of the BW Decision Tree was a significant aid in
identifying and tracking the difficult but necessary decisions that must be made during an ongoing large scale medical emergency. Additionally, the participants concluded that the BW Decision Tree is
extremely helpful in providing a quick overview of the BW Response Template, facilitating its use, and
understanding the rationale for why it is needed."
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
1999-08
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Cyanide (USAMRICD Presentation)
The objectives of this presentation on cyanide are its distribution (occurrence) and history, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of action, clinical presentation and treatment. Harmless in low concentrations, it is poisonous in higher concentrations and a favorite of assassins and terrorists. A history of its military use is given, beginning in ancient Egypt and Rome. Cyanogenic glycocides in plants is also covered in this presentation, as well as diseases related to cyanide exposure.
United States. Department of Defense
2001
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Medical Management of Chemical Casualties: Nerve Agents and Pretreatment (USAMRICD Presentation)
This presentation gives a definition, examples, lists nerve agents with detailed chemical diagrams, and gives a history of nerve agents from World War II forward. Also included is information on terrorist use of nerve agents, beginning with Matsumoto in 1994. Physical properties of nerve agents as well as toxicity is outlined. A listing of exposure indicators is given, physiology, nerve transmission and effect on organs for various nerve agents is outlined as well. Management and detection methods are crucial.
United States. Department of Defense
2001
