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Best Practices for Seizing Electronic Evidence
The purpose of this document is to develop a basic understanding of key technical and legal factors regarding searching and seizing electronic storage devices and media. As computers and related storage and communication devices proliferate in our society, so does the use of those devices in conducting criminal activities. Technology is employed by criminals as a means of communication, a tool for theft and extortion, and a repository to hide incriminating evidence or contraband materials. Law enforcement officers must possess up-to-date knowledge and equipment to effectively investigate today's criminal activity. The law enforcement community is challenged by the task of identifying, investigating and prosecuting individuals and organizations that use these and other emerging technologies to support their illicit operations.
United States. Secret Service
2002
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Food-Processing Security: Voluntary Efforts are Under Way, but Federal Agencies Cannot Fully Assess their Implementation
The events of September 11, 2001,
have placed added emphasis on
ensuring the security of the
nation's food supply. GAO
examined (1) whether FDA and
USDA have sufficient authority
under current statutes to require
that food processors adopt security
measures, (2) what security
guidelines FDA and USDA have
provided to industry, and (3) what
security measures food processors
have adopted.
United States. General Accounting Office
2003-02
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1999: Space
Few industries have shown as much growth in recent years or as
much potential for increased activity as has the global space industry.
Space touches our daily lives through applications such as
telecommunications, remote sensing, surveillance, and navigation.
Despite a series of launch failures, the long-term outlook for the U.S.
space industry remains strong. However, government investment in
research and development (R&D) is dwindling at a time when major
trends for the industry include globalization, deregulation, and
privatization. The demand for low-cost launch has stimulated the
creation of innovative launch services. Yet, market uncertainties
highlight the continuing maturation process of the space industry.
Government's role is to provide enlightened export policy, superior
infrastructure, and strategic direction to stimulate continued growth.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
1999
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1998: Advanced Manufacturing
The focus of advanced manufacturing is not on product lines, but on
the processes by which products are built. Advanced manufacturing is
the methodology behind the current revolution in manufacturing affairs
that is redistributing comparative advantage worldwide. Manufacturing
has fundamentally changed with the arrival of global competition. This is
evidenced by those enterprises capable of distributing value chain
production worldwide and reducing costs by exploiting automation and
information integration. The US cannot and should not attempt to
compete on a labor cost basis. Our comparative advantage resides in
technological and process innovations that boost productivity and make
advanced manufacturing possible. Since manufacturing underpins all
aspects of the economy, its importance to national defense should not be
underestimated. A well thought out and consistent government policy on
advanced manufacturing can do much to nurture and extend America's
competitive advantage in this sector.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
1998
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1998: Agribusiness
This report addresses US agribusiness' strategic role as an
instrument of national power and the way agribusiness supports national
security and other national priorities. It begins with an analysis of the
key elements of the US agribusiness industry. The report then defines
the industry and its current condition through an analysis of the
challenges, the long-term outlook, and the role of government. Next, the
report presents conclusions related to five principal areas: optimizing
food safety, enhancing food security, feeding a growing world
population, maximizing international agricultural trade, and protecting
the environment. Finally, it concludes with recommendations for
enhancing the industry's current domestic and international agricultural
strengths. This report reflects issues and concerns examined throughout
the semester--in classroom studies, individual research, interviews with
government officials/industry representatives, domestic field visits, and
international visits to Brazil, Argentina, and Chile.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
1998
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National Church Arson Task Force: Second Year Report for the President
Since June 1996, the National Church Arson Task Force ("NCATF" or "Task Force") has successfully coordinated the efforts of Federal, state and local law enforcement officials in the battle against church arsons. The Task Force has investigated arsons dating back to January 1995, in order fully to assess and address the problem. With the assistance of Congress, which provided additional resources and enacted the Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996, the NCATF brought together the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Civil Rights Division and other Department of Justice prosecutors, United States Attorney's offices, local prosecutors, victim/witness coordinators, Community Relations Service (CRS) conciliators and other Federal, state and local law enforcement officials. This partnership continues to achieve considerable success.
United States. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms
1998-10
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1997: Construction
The construction industry, a vibrant, healthy, and stable component
of our nation's economy, is characterized by many small firms, fierce
competition, and domestic market dominance. The industry is beginning
an international expansion into new areas of economic opportunity. U.S.
high technology, new construction methods, engineering design, and
management are key strengths in obtaining a significant international
market share.
Our nation's infrastructure is in need of substantial repair and
capital development. Our roads, bridges, and facilities need
improvement to support future U.S. economic strength. Faced with
declining domestic and international resources, governments are
employing new methods to finance infrastructure development.
Privatization and Design-Build-Operate variations are vital to solving
capital shortfalls. Using automated technology can enhance construction
design, management, processes, and equipment, while simultaneously
reducing bureaucracy and overhead.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
Abbott, Gerald
1997
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1997: Biotechnology
The U.S. biotechnology industry made significant gains in 1996.
Industry revenues, health-related product approvals, market
capitalization, and employee levels surged to new highs. A previously
flat equity market produced a 132 percent single year gain in capital for
the industry. Alliances and merger activity often with larger
pharmaceutical companies, strengthened the industry. Legislative
proposals and regulatory changes signaled government support for the
industry while highlighting ethical concerns over its potential
applications. The United States continues to be the dominant global
leader in this strategic industry, with at least six timcs thc strength of its
closest rival, the European Union. Industry concerns for the 21 st century
include intellectual propcrty rights, regulatory and legislative limitations,
financing for research and development, infrastructure shortfalls, and
public relations--the need to address the ethics of human biotech
applications.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
Abbott, Gerald
1997
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1997: Education
Education is vital to a flourishing democracy--the cornerstone for
active, involved citizenship. In a rapidly changing and increasingly
competitive world, the economic advantage will belong to the nation that
has the most adaptive, creative, and ingenious people. To garner this
advantage for the United States, we must ensure a rigorous, high-quality
education for all youth, and access to meaningful life-long leaming
opportunities for other citizens. Only by improving the synergy between
our schools, higher education institutions, communities, businesses, and
government can we harness the full diversity and energy of our citizens
and meet the challenges of a changing economy and global industrial
requirements. This transformation is a challenge for the education
industry and for the entire nation.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
Abbott, Gerald
1997
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1997: Electronics
Electronics is a robust, rapidly growing industry which out-
performed the U.S. economy as a whole in 1996. The industry has, in
fact, had an increase in factory sales each year for the last quarter
century. This report confirms the strength of the industry's long-term
outlook and its ability to support the national security strategy well into
the 21st century. It also reviews recent trends in the industry's
converging computer, telecommunications, and multimedia sectors--and
predicts that a more unified electronics industry will be on the cutting
edge of the future. The multifunctional high-tech products that this
industry will design and produce in the coming years will revolutionize
the way Americans live, work, and play. The U.S. electronics industry is
poised for phenomenal growth.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
Abbott, Gerald
1997
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Reconstructing Iraq: Insights, Challenges, and Missions for Military Forces in a Post-Conflict Scenario
During the latter half of the 20th century, U.S. military leaders and planners focused heavily on winning wars, and not so much on the peacekeeping or nation-building that comes afterwards. But national objectives can often be accomplished only after the fighting has ceased. With the winds of war swirling around Iraq, it is time to begin planning for the post-conflict reconstruction of that state. This monograph presents some historical insights from past occupations and peace operations, provides some additional analysis of the unique requirements involved in remaking Iraq, and, most importantly, develops a detailed list of potential tasks to help contemporary military commanders plan for post-conflict operations there. Most analysts and commentators focus on World War II for insights about occupying states and replacing regimes. Clearly, the American experience with occupations after major wars provides valuable insights about the importance of long and detailed planning for such missions, and about just how difficult demilitarization and democratization can be, even under the best of conditions. The world has changed a great deal since 1945, however. The experiences of the 1990s are generally more relevant to shape post-conflict operations in Iraq. They reveal past inadequacies in Army planning and preparation, and the difficulties in finding competent and resourced civilian agencies to assume responsibilities from the military. Recent experiences also show that even when the Army plans and performs well in a post-crisis environment, as it did in Haiti, strategic success is not guaranteed. That state quickly reverted back to chaos when military forces left.
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Crane, Conrad C.; Terrill, W. Andrew
2003-02
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Dragon on Terrorism: Assessing China's Tactical Gains and Strategic Losses Post-September 11
Every major event in history has unintended consequences. A major unintended (and unsettling, from Beijing's standpoint) consequence of the U.S.-led War on Terrorism has not only been to checkmate and roll-back China's recent moves at strategic expansion in Central, South, and Southeast Asia but also to tilt the regional balance of power decisively in Washington's favor within a short period of time, thereby highlighting how tenuous Chinese power is when compared to that of the United States. In this sense, September 11, 2001, should be seen as a major discontinuity or nonlinearity in post-Cold War international politics. New strategic and political realities emerging in Asia put a question mark over Beijing's earlier certainties, assumptions and beliefs. This monograph offers an overview of China's foreign policy goals and achievements prior to September 11, examines Beijing's response to terrorist attacks on the U.S. mainland, provides an assessment of China's tactical gains and strategic losses following the September 11 attacks, and concludes with an evaluation of Beijing's future policy options. It argues that if China was on a roll prior to 9/11, in a complete reversal of roles post-9/11, it is now the United States that is on the move. The U.S.-led War against Terrorism has radically altered the strategic landscape, severely constricted the strategic latitude that China has enjoyed post-Cold War, undermined China's carefully projected image as the next superpower, and ushered in new geopolitical alignments whose ramifications will be felt for a long time to come.
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Malik, Mohan
2002-10
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21st Century Security Architecture for the Americas: Multilateral Cooperation, Liberal Peace, and Soft Power
The main focus of this monograph is on security cooperation within the Americas. Essentially, much emphasis has been placed on economic cooperation (free trade agreements), but little thought has been given to security cooperation. Existing collective defense systems (Rio Treaty of the Organization of American States [OAS]) are a relic of the Cold War and not sufficient for the challenges and threats of today. The Americas are evidence of liberal or democratic peace. States do not war against each other because values and trade discourage major conflicts. The greater challenge to the state is internal, particularly given the problems of natural disasters, insurgency, drugs, violent crime, poverty, and other problems. Because of spillover effects, domestic issues often become transnational, such as with the drugs, weapons, and people that move across borders. Add to these the problems of natural disasters and one can see that major changes are needed to the security architecture of the Western Hemisphere.
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Nuñez, Joseph R. (Joseph Raymond)
2002-08
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Defining and Achieving Decisive Victory
In this paper, the author explores the means and methods most conducive to achievement of decisive victory. He explains that objectively better armies tend to win (war may be the realm of chance, but the dice are loaded in favor of those who are militarily competent); that there is no magic formula which can guarantee victory (not even today's information-led revolution in military affairs [RMA], which tends to equate precise firepower with war); that technology is not a panacea, the answer to all military and strategy difficulties; that the complexity of war and strategy allows for innovative, even asymmetrical, exercises in substitution as belligerents strive to emphasize strength and conceal weakness; and that it is essential to know your enemies, especially if you require them to cooperate in a deterrent or coercive relationship. The author concludes by arguing that the concept of decisive victory is meaningful and important. Also it advises that different enemies in different wars will require the application of different military means and methods. One size in military style will not fit all cases. Readers are recommended not to think of decisive victory in terms of a simple either/or. Strategic success or advantage may serve the goals of policy quite well enough. Finally, the point is made that, among Western states at least, the United States today is surely unique in being interested in the idea of and capability for decisive military victory. America's European allies currently do not discern any serious military issues as clouds on their peaceful horizons.
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Gray, Colin S.
2002-04
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1999: Munitions
The munitions industry's precision guided munition (PGM)
component is a key tool for bringing the military element of U.S.
national power to bear. This is an industry segment whose health is
variable, with limited capability to "surge" production. Surge is a
capability especially pertinent in an era of "cruise missile diplomacy,"
where PGMs serve as force multipliers for a smaller military. Risk
aversion in product development characterizes both the Department of
Defense (DOD) and defense contractors. Surprisingly, risk in offshore
component sourcing may be unknowingly accepted due to lack of
visibility in the practice. Suppliers in the United States will be
challenged by competition from many smart, proactive defense firms
around the world and will not be protected by their current high market
share and what are today the best products in the world.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
1999
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1999: Electronics
Electronics is a growing industry with a quarter century record of
increasing sales and profitability. Each year, it becomes increasingly
central to the success of advanced economies. The U.S. electronics
industry is competitive, innovative, and profitable; it is in a dominating
leadership position in the important semiconductor, computer, and
software markets. The U.S.-based electronics industry benefits from
intense competition for new markets, willingness to invest in research
and development (R&D), the availability of venture capital, and
willingness to adapt new business models. It enjoys the synergies of
regional production networks in Silicon Valley and elsewhere, a
demanding domestic customer base, and advantageous access to the
world's single largest market for electronics products. Sales of personal
computers, one of the best indicators of overall electronics industry
performance, increased 17 percent globally in the first quarter of 1999
and 21 percent in the United States.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
Abbott, Gerald
1999
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1998: Transportation
The transportation industry continues to be central to the US
economy. The greatest increases in productivity could all be negated if
the goods don't get to market.
Individually, the transportation modes cover the nation with a
network of air routes, roads and highways, rail, canals and ports, and
pipelines. There are advantages and disadvantages related to cost and
global and domestic coverage. As such, it is critical that apportionment
of funding relates to the anticipated volume of freight throughput at these
facilities. Managing congestion, infrastructure upkeep and expansion
problems associated with this industry are paramount to any future
growth and realization of potential.
The transportation industry can do more to compress time than any
other industry, thus satisfying the manufacturer's need to make the
product when it' s needed. Movement of the right product quantity, at the
right time, to the right place will shorten the logistics time line.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
1998
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Health Effects of Embedded Depleted Uranium Fragments (Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute Workshop, 15 November 1996)
During Operation Desert Storm (ODS) friendly-fire incidents resulted in patients wounded from embedded fragments of depleted uranium (DU) metal. Existing fragment removal
guidelines dictated fragments be left in place unless they were a present or future threat to health. An Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) 1993 review of the potential health effects of allowing DU fragments to remain in place found no compelling evidence to warrant a change in the fragment removal policies. However, sufficient uncertainties existed concerning the health effects of embedded DU fragments to warrant implementation
of both patient follow-up and toxicological research programs. The Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) is conducting a joint DoD/DVA patient
monitoring effort; and the DoD is funding a DU research program at AFRRI and at the Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (ITRI). A meeting of these groups was held at AFRRI 15 November 1996 to review research efforts to date. This
report is a summary of the eight research efforts presented at the workshop.
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (U.S.)
1998-06
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Proceedings: Triage of Irradiated Personnel (Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute Workshop, 25-27 September 1996)
The workshop, "Triage of Irradiated Personnel," sponsored by the U.S. Army Office of the Surgeon General, was conducted at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) on September 25-27, 1996. This workshop focused on a reassessment of the radiation medicine section of Chapter 4, Medical Aspects of Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Warfare, of Army Field Manual 8-10-7: Health
Service Support in a Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Environment. Sixty-five speakers and guests
from the United States, Germany, Netherlands, Canada, United Kingdom, and France addressed the three issues: (1) operational effectiveness of exposed personnel with and without other injuries who receive medical care in Army echelon I and echelon II
medical facilities, (2) operational effectiveness of personnel with multiple exposures (assuming a previous total dose of
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (U.S.)
1998-03
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Toxicological Evaluation of Depleted Uranium in Rats: Six-Month Evaluation Point
The use of depleted uranium (DU) munitions during Desert Storm resulted in a unique type of battlefield casualty, DU shrapnel wounds. The toxicity associated with embedded DU may differ significantly
from other metals or other routes of uranium administration. This is a 6-month interim report of an 18- month study that is designed to assess the toxicity of implanted DU pellets. This study evaluates kidney, behavioral, and neural toxicity associated with intramuscularly
implanted DU pellets (1-mm x 2-mm) and assesses tissues for histological changes and for uranium content. Rats were assigned to five experimental groups: 1) a non-implanted sham surgical control group, 2) rats implanted with 20 tantalum (Ta) to control for fragment implantation, 3) rats implanted with low-doseDU (4DU and 16 Ta pellets), 4) rats implanted with medium-doseDU(10DU and 10 Ta pellets), and 5) rats implanted with high-dose DU (20 DU pellets). Uranium levels were high and dose-dependent in the kidney, urine, and bone. Despite high uranium levels in the kidney, no renal toxicity was evident. Between 23-26 weeks body
weight in high-DU dose animals was significantly lower than controls. Unexpectedly, uranium was found in the brain of DU-implanted animals. No
behavioral neurotoxicity was evident. Excitability of hippocampal neurons was reduced in the highDU dose animals at 6 months. These data suggest that at the 6-month time point, renal toxicity may be less of
a hazard than anticipated.While these results indicate that toxicity is not evident at 6 months with exposure
to embedded DU, there is a need to further investigate long-term effects in light of the high levels accumulated in some body tissues.
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (U.S.)
Pellmar, T. C. (Terry C.); Hogan, J. B.; Benson, K. A. . . .
1998-02
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AFRRI's Gamma-Ray, X-Ray, and Fission-Neutron Calibration Curves for the Lymphocyte Dicentric Assay: Application of a Metaphase Finder System
This paper reports dose-response or calibration curves of measured dicentric yields following exposure to 250-kVp x rays, 60Co gamma rays,
and fission neutrons, whose radiation qualities have been measured at AFRRI (Bethesda, MD) in terms of their microdosimetric parameters. In addition, we compare these dose response calibration curves with similar studies from other laboratories. Estimating radiation dose by chromosome aberration analysis requires time-demanding and labor-intensive scoring by expert cytogeneticists. Our attempt to decrease cytogenetic scoring time in biodosimetric assessment for radiation accidents is addressed by the use of satellite scoring stations used in conjunction with an automated metaphase finder.
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (U.S.)
Prasanna, P. G. S.; Loats, Harry; Gerstenberg, H. M. . . .
2002-05
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1997: Transportation
Today's transportation industry is market competitive, exploits the
efficiencies of intermodalism, information technology, and automation,
and is evolving through globalization toward a seamless worldwide
network. Challenges to its future evolution lay ahead. Improvements are
needed to modal transfer mode infrastructure at ports, terminals, and
airfields, as well as to employment policies and procedures. The federal
government will continue to influence the evolution of the nation's
commercial transportation industry. Leading the way in national
transportation planning, following a customer/supplier policy wherever
practical, and retaining and operating an adequate rapid initial response
military lift capability represent the best course for future government
interaction with transportation.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
Abbott, Gerald
1997
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1997: Strategic Materials
A fundamental shift in thinking has occurred concerning the strategic
and advanced materials industry in the United States. Historically, our
concerns, policies, and programs were directed at items that were critical
in a national emergency and difficult to supply. With the end of the Cold
War and the increased globalization of national economies, a broader
concept of strategic and advanced materials has emerged. The new
perspective recognizes that national security planning encompasses the
general welfare of a society, which includes economic and political
considerations in addition to military considerations. This broader
perspective on national security is evident in many countries. However,
because each country has a different state of economic and political
development, the role of the strategic and advanced materials industry in
cach country is different.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
Abbott, Gerald
1997
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Transforming Defense: National Security in the 21st Century
This December 1997 report of the national defense panel entitled, "Transforming Defense: National Security in the 21st Century" addresses the need for the United States to launch a transformation strategy to meet a range of security challenges in 2010 to 2020. The report focuses on the long-term issues facing U.S. defense and national security. It identifies the changes that will be needed to ensure U.S. leadership and the security and prosperity of the American people in the twenty-first century. The author stresses that the U.S. must make critical decisions and choices entailing significant investments of resources and energies. The contents include the World in 2020 (key trends, alternative worlds, implications, operational challenges to the military), U.S. National Security in 2020 (national security imperatives and alternative strategies for the 21st century), Meeting National Security of 2020 (homeland defense, regional stability, projecting military power, space operations, maintaining U.S. information superiority, countering weapons of mass destruction, Force Capabilities (conventional forces, strategic nuclear forces, and reserve components), Transformation Strategy (broad national security approach, institutionalizing innovation, experimentation, transforming the unified command plan, transforming the industrial base, and transforming infrastructure.
United States. National Defense Panel
1997-12
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Chemical Weapons Convention Compliance Policy Guidance
This instruction provides uniform and consistent military guidance and establishes military policy for compliance with the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). It outlines administrative and operational policy concerning compliance with the CWC.
United States. Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
2001-08-09
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JS Guide 5260: Service Member's Personal Protection Guide: A Self-Help Handbook to Combat Terrorism While Overseas
This guide is designed to assist in making families less vulnerable to terrorists while stationed or traveling overseas. Travelers, as well as people here at home, should become familiar with its contents and incorporate protective measures that are applicable to their particular situation. Terrorism is an indiscriminate crime that strikes in varying forms of threats and violence. Terrorists generate fear through intimidation, coercion, and acts of violence such as hijackings, bombings, or kidnappings, which usually occur more frequently in certain parts of the world, making travelers to foreign countries more likely potential victims. As past events have shown, terrorists have reached new levels of organization, sophistication, and violence. Their tactics and techniques are always changing and will continue to be a challenge to neutralize. Accordingly, we must remain diligent in applying the proper protective measures.
United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff
2000-04
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Rules on the Use of Force by DoD Personnel Providing Support to Law Enforcement Agencies Conducting Counterdrug Operations in the United States
"This instruction establishes and provides rules regarding the use of force by DOD personnel during military operations that provide support to law enforcement agencies (LEAs) conducting CD operations in the United States. This includes the land area, internal waters, territorial sea, and airspace of the 50 states of the United States, as well as that of US territories, possessions, and commonwealths."
United States. Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
2000-05-31
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International Transfer of US Defense-Related Technology and Munitions
This instruction implements the references and establishes Joint Staff procedures for reviewing the international transfer of US Defense-related technology. DOD policy is to treat defense-related technology as a valuable, limited national security resource, to be husbanded and invested in pursuit of national security objectives. Consistent with this policy and in recognition of the importance of international trade to a strong US defense industrial base, the Department of Defense will apply export controls in a way that minimally interferes with the conduct of legitimate trade and scientific endeavor. Within the DOD review process, the Joint Staff, in coordination with the combatant commanders, represents the operational interest and perspective of the war fighter. Issues in technology transfer and specific proposals for the transfer of defense related technology, goods, or services are evaluated at The Joint Staff and unified command level from the perspective of providing the best military advice possible to the National Command Authorities and from the viewpoint of the potential impact on operations and war fighting.
United States. Department of Defense
2000-03-01
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1999: Shipbuilding
The U.S. shipbuilding industry continues to lead the world in the
design and construction of advanced military vessels. The United States
is not now, nor has it historically been, a major producer of commercial
passenger or cargo ships, however. There will be no significant growth
in the commercial market for U.S. shipyards, and protectionist policies,
such as the Jones Act, are not effective in sustaining the industry. The
U.S. shipbuilding industry has capacity well in excess of the need for
military ships. As shipyards merge and the U.S. Navy reaches its 300-
ship standard, military vessels will become increasingly expensive. One
means to expand competition and to bring to bear advanced business
processes is for major systems integrators to team with shipyards to
produce the military vessels required in the 21st century.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
1999
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In Touch with Industry: ICAF Industry Studies 1999: Education
Education is a key element of U.S. national power. It is perhaps the
most vital component in that it imparts the knowledge, skills, critical
thinking, and basic citizenship tools needed for a motivated, creative, and
productive U.S. workforce. The Information Age has propelled the
nation into a highly competitive and dynamic economic and political
environment. If the United States is to maintain its starring role on the
world stage, its education system must keep in step with the ever-
changing requirements for individual and organization success. As a
vital foundation of the nation, it must be constantly assessed and
adequately resourced. The debate on the quality of U.S. education is an
ongoing process, one that promises to continue well into the next
century.
Industrial College of the Armed Forces (U.S.)
1999
