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H. Rept. 117-81: Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill, 2022, Report Together with Minority Views, to Accompany H.R. 4355, July 2, 2021
From the Purpose of the Bill: "The purpose of the bill is to support our military and their families and provide the benefits and medical care that our Veterans have earned because of their service to our Nation. This is accomplished through the programs funded in the bill, which provide the facilities and infrastructure needed to house, treat, train, and equip our military personnel to defend this Nation, both in the United States and abroad; provide the housing and military community infrastructure that supports a good quality of life for them and their families; and allow the military to maintain an efficient and effective base structure. The quality of life for our servicemembers and their families is a key component of readiness. The bill also funds a wide variety of assistance programs for Veterans, including disability and pension benefits, healthcare in many different settings, educational assistance, and home loan and insurance programs. Finally, the bill funds four related agencies that provide support to our Nation's heroes: the American Battle Monuments Commission, Cemeterial Expenses, Army (including Arlington National Cemetery), the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims, and the Armed Forces Retirement Home."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2021-07-02
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American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (P.L. 117-2): Public Health, Medical Supply Chain, Health Services, and Related Provisions [July 2, 2021]
From the Introduction: "The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2) is the sixth major legislative package in a series to address domestic public health and health system challenges related to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic--the most consequential and widespread domestic infectious disease emergency in over a century. ARPA follows several earlier COVID-19 pandemic response measures enacted in 2020. ARPA includes provisions addressing a number of issues, such as tax credits, unemployment benefits, state fiscal relief, health, housing, education, and food assistance, among others. This report describes ARPA's public health, behavioral health, medical supply chain, and health-related workforce, services, and support provisions."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Duff, Johnathan H.; Cecire, Michael; Sekar, Kavya . . .
2021-07-02
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Behavioral Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Overview and Issues for Congress [July 2, 2021]
From the Summary: "Circumstances surrounding the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic--including mitigation strategies to prevent spread of the virus--appear to have adversely affected the mental health of many Americans. According to some studies, Americans experienced elevated levels of emotional distress, anxiety, depression, substance use, and drug-related overdoses in 2020 and 2021 compared with the same time period in previous years. Various stressors related to the pandemic may have contributed to decreased mental well-being, such as fears about contracting the virus, anxiety about its health effects, social isolation due to physical distancing measures, financial stress due to the economic consequences of the pandemic, grief and bereavement due to the death of a loved one, exposure to pandemic-related media coverage, and interruptions to substance use treatment and mental health care."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Duff, Johnathan H.; Romero, Paul D.; Sarata, Amanda K.
2021-07-02
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MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, July 2, 2021
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This issue of MMWR contains the following: "Community Assessment for Mental and Physical Health Effects After Hurricane Irma -- Florida Keys, May 2019"; "Prevalence of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Infection Prevention -- Chókwè District, Mozambique, 2014-2019"; "Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Suicidal Ideation Among State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Public Health Workers During the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Pandemic -- United States, March-April 2021"; "Disparities in Learning Mode Access Among K-12 [kindergarten through twelfth grade] Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic, by Race/Ethnicity, Geography, and Grade Level -- United States, September 2020-April 2021"; and "'QuickStats': Percentage of Adults Aged ≥18 Years with Diagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, by Urbanization Level and Age Group -- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2019." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2021.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2021-07-02
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Domestic Terrorism: Overview of Federal Criminal Law and Constitutional Issues [July 2, 2021]
From the Summary: "Federal statute defines domestic terrorism to include dangerous criminal acts intended to intimidate or coerce a civilian population or to influence or affect government policy or conduct within the jurisdiction of the United States. Despite the federal statutory definition, no federal criminal provision expressly prohibits 'domestic terrorism.' Nevertheless, numerous federal statutes offer prosecutors options in charging violent and destructive conduct consistent with the statutory definition of domestic terrorism. [...] As a number of proposals introduced in the 116th and 117th Congresses reflect, Congress remains interested in additional legislation addressing domestic terrorism, and any legislative action in this area would take place against the backdrop of a broader discussion of potential policy concerns and constitutional considerations. For instance, some observers dispute whether there is a gap in the existing federal domestic terrorism legal regime that leaves some violent or destructive conduct outside the scope of federal jurisdiction, and, if so, what new criminal provisions would be required. Additionally, certain constitutional constraints, such as First Amendment protections, Fourth Amendment restrictions on government searches, and broader federalism-based limitations on federal jurisdiction, may be relevant should Congress consider new domestic terrorism law."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Foster, Michael A. (Legislative attorney); Berris, Peter G.; Gaffney, Jonathan M.
2021-07-02
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Potential Application of 'Bostock v. Clayton County' to Other Civil Rights Statutes [July 2, 2021]
"Last year, the Supreme Court ruled in 'Bostock v. Clayton County' that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) forbids employers from firing an employee because of the employee's sexual orientation or gender identity. Because the Court reached this conclusion when interpreting Title VII's provision prohibiting discrimination 'because of . . . sex' in the workplace, 'Bostock' immediately raised questions about the scope and reach of other federal antidiscrimination statutes that also bar sex-based discrimination. This report examines whether and how the Supreme Court's decision in 'Bostock' might apply to other federal statutes that also bar sex discrimination in the absence of legislative amendments to those statutes."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Back, Christine J.; Cole, Jared P.
2021-07-02
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Strengthening National Preparedness [July 2, 2021] [infographic]
From the Document: "In the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act (PKEMRA, P.L. 109-295), Congress required the President to develop a national preparedness system -- that includes planning and implementation guidance and processes -- with a national preparedness goal. It also directed the FEMA Administrator to develop 'guidelines to define risk-based target capabilities for Federal, State, local, and tribal government preparedness.'"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Stienstra, Lauren; Wilhelm, Amber Hope
2021-07-02
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Trial Court Rules State Social Media Law Likely Unconstitutional [July 2, 2021]
From the Document: "In late May, Florida enacted a new law [hyperlink] regulating internet services and online content moderation. Interest groups representing internet companies quickly challenged [hyperlink] the law in court, arguing that it violates the First Amendment's Free Speech Clause [hyperlink] and is preempted by Section 230 of the Communications Act of 1934 [hyperlink]. On June 30, 2021, in 'NetChoice v. Moody,' a federal trial court granted a preliminary injunction temporarily staying enforcement of the state law, which was set to go into effect on July 1, 2021. This Legal Sidebar explains the Florida law as well as the lawsuit challenging it. The Sidebar also discusses possible implications for Congress as it considers whether to regulate online content moderation."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Brannon, Valerie C.
2021-07-02
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EMR-ISAC: Infogram, Volume 21 Issue 26, July 1, 2021
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following articles: "New guidance from CDC on post-COVID conditions"; "FEMA seeks public feedback on two Urban Search & Rescue resource types"; "Updated Funding Mechanisms Guide for Public Safety Communications from CISA, SAFECOM, NCSWIC"; "Webinar: Emergency Response at the January 6 Incident at the US Capitol"; "CISA's CSET Tool sets sights on ransomware threat"; "CISA is developing a catalog of Bad Practices"; "Microsoft: SolarWinds hackers continue to target IT companies"; "BIOS Disconnect: new high-severity bugs affect 128 Dell PC and tablet models"; and "NSA shares guidance on securing voice, video communications".
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2021-07-01
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Russian GRU Conducting Global Brute Force Campaign to Compromise Enterprise and Cloud Environments
From the Executive Summary: "Since at least mid-2019 through early 2021, Russian General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) 85th Main Special Service Center (GTsSS), military unit 26165, used a Kubernetes cluster to conduct widespread, distributed, and anonymized brute force access attempts against hundreds of government and private sector targets worldwide. GTsSS malicious cyber activity has previously been attributed by the private sector using the names Fancy Bear, APT28, Strontium, and a variety of other identifiers. The 85th GTsSS directed a significant amount of this activity at organizations using Microsoft Office 365 cloud services; however, they also targeted other service providers and on-premises email servers using a variety of different protocols. These efforts are almost certainly still ongoing."
United States. National Security Agency; United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency; United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation . . .
2021-07
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Active Shooter Incidents in the United States in 2020
From the Introduction: "The FBI has designated 40 shootings in 2020 as active shooter incidents. The FBI defines an active shooter as one or more individuals actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a populated area. Implicit in this definition is the shooter's use of a firearm. The 'active' aspect of the definition inherently implies the ongoing nature of an incident, and thus the potential for the response to affect the outcome. The FBI works proactively to identify incidents that meet the scope of this study, using internal FBI holdings and repositories, official law enforcement reports (when obtainable), as well as open-source data. However, there is no mandated database collection or central intake point for reporting active shooter incidents, as exists for other crimes."
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation
2021-07
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U.S. COVID-19 Global Response and Recovery Framework
From the Executive Summary: "More than 600,000 of our fellow Americans, and nearly 4 million people globally, have died due to COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. The devastating impact of the pandemic has been felt at home and abroad, triggering health and economic crises. Globally, we are witnessing the first wide scale increase in extreme poverty in more than twenty years, the loss of decades of development progress, increases in gender-based violence, rising food insecurity, and increased unemployment--particularly among young people and women. Even as we gain confidence in United States (U.S.) domestic COVID-19 vaccination coverage, none of us are safe until all of us are safe. The risk of emergent, dangerous variants where COVID-19 transmission remains high poses a risk to us all. This disease knows no borders. [...] On January 21, 2021, President Biden released the 'National Strategy for the COVID-19 Response and Pandemic Preparedness,' [hyperlink] including Goal 7, which details the Biden-Harris Administration's comprehensive plan restore U.S. leadership globally and build better preparedness for future threats; re-engage with the World Health Organization (WHO) and seek to strengthen and reform it; urge the international COVID-19 public health and humanitarian response; restore U.S. leadership to the international COVID-19 response and advance global health security and diplomacy; and build better biopreparedness and expand resilience for biological threats. In support of that strategy, the 'U.S. COVID-19 Global Response and Recovery Framework' provides a focused set of objectives and lines of effort under which U.S. departments of agencies are executing a whole-of-government response."
United States. White House Office
2021-07-01
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Military Training: The Services Need to Ensure That All Commanders Are Prepared for Their Legal Responsibilities, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "U.S. military commanders are entrusted with a wide range of unique legal responsibilities that are necessary to carry out their missions. As commanders operate in an increasingly complex legal and policy environment, appropriately tailored legal training can help ensure compliance with legal requirements. House Report 115-676, accompanying a bill for the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, included a provision that GAO [Government Accountability Office] review the legal training commanders receive. This GAO report, examines, among other things, the extent to which the services: (1) provide legal training to commanders and account for the training received; and (2) assess legal training provided to commanders to determine whether it meets commanders' needs."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Broadband: FCC Should Analyze Small Business Speed Needs, Report to Congressional Addressees
From the Highlights: "Small businesses are essential to economic growth by creating jobs and promoting economic opportunity. Broadband is a critical tool for small businesses, with increasing importance due to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 requires FCC [Federal Communications Commission] to encourage and support broadband access through funding and other actions. This report responds to a provision in the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 as well as a request for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to examine broadband for small businesses. Among other objectives, this report examines (1) small business access to broadband and how federal broadband funding programs may serve small businesses; and (2) the extent to which FCC's broadband speed benchmark meets the needs of small businesses."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Followup Audit on the U.S. Army's Management of the Heavy Lift Commercial Transportation Contract Requirements in the Middle East
From the Objective: "The objective of this followup audit was to determine whether the Army implemented corrective actions identified in Report No. DODIG�'2017�'095, 'U.S. Army's Management of the Heavy Lift VII Commercial Transportation Contract Requirements in the Middle East,' June 26, 2017, in the Heavy Lift VIII (HL8) contract to improve oversight and performance."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
2021-07-01
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Veterans Affairs: Systems Modernization, Cybersecurity, and it Management Issues Need to Be Addressed, Statement of Carol C. Harris, Director, Information Technology and Cybersecurity, Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Technology Modernization, Committee on Veterans' Affairs, House of Representatives
From the Highlights: "The use of IT [information technology] is crucial to helping VA [Department of Veterans Affairs] effectively serve the nation's veterans. The department annually spends billions of dollars on its information systems and assets. Its fiscal year 2022 budget request is about $4.8 billion for its Office of Information and Technology and $2.7 billion for electronic health record modernization. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to testify on its prior IT work at VA. Specifically, this testimony summarizes results and recommendations from GAO's issued reports that examined VA's efforts in (1) modernizing VistA [Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture] and its financial and acquisition management systems; (2) addressing cybersecurity issues; and (3) implementing FITARA [Federal Information Technology Acquisition Reform Act]."
United States. Government Accountability Office
Harris, Carol C.
2021-07-01
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CBO Report: Report on the Troubled Asset Relief Program--July 2021
From the Document: "In October 2008, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (division A of Public Law 110-343) established the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) to enable the Department of the Treasury to promote stability in financial markets through the purchase and guarantee of 'troubled assets.' Section 202 of that legislation, as amended, requires annual reports from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) on the costs of the program. The law also requires the Congressional Budget Office to submit its own report within 45 days of the issuance of OMB's report each year. CBO's assessment must discuss three elements: [1] The costs of purchases and guarantees of troubled assets, [2] Information CBO collects and the valuation methods it uses to calculate those costs, and [3] The program's effects on the federal budget deficit and debt. To fulfill that requirement, CBO has prepared this report on TARP transactions completed, outstanding, or anticipated as of April 30, 2021."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
Lerner, Avi
2021-07
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COVID-19 Vaccine Incentives
From the Document: "The purpose of this memo is to provide an update on COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] vaccine incentives developed to increase vaccination rates across the country. This memo includes information on state led incentives. Please note that vaccination incentives are a relatively novel topic in public policy, and it is not known to what extent incentives can drive increases in vaccinations, but there are some early indications that the right incentive can help."
National Governors' Association
Roy, Brittney; LeBlanc, Michelle
2021-07-01
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Forensic Technology: Algorithms Strengthen Forensic Analysis, but Several Factors Can Affect Outcomes
From the Highlights: "For more than a century, law enforcement agencies have examined physical evidence to help identify persons of interest, solve cold cases, and find missing or exploited people. Forensic experts are now also using algorithms to help assess evidence collected in a criminal investigation, potentially improving the speed and objectivity of their investigations. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to conduct a technology assessment on the use of forensic algorithms in law enforcement. In a prior report (GAO-20-479SP [hyperlink]), GAO described algorithms used by federal law enforcement agencies and how they work. This report discusses (1) the key performance metrics for assessing latent print, facial recognition, and probabilistic genotyping algorithms; (2) the strengths of these algorithms compared to related forensic methods; (3) challenges affecting their use; and (4) policy options that may help address these challenges."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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USG Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) Congressional Report
From the Executive Summary: "The United States is a steadfast supporter of the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda. Long before the passage of UN Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1325 in 2000 and the enactment and implementation of the first comprehensive law on WPS in 2017, the United States government (USG) has been implementing the WPS agenda through diplomacy, development, defense, and international cooperation, through its specific missions and its relevant Departments and Agencies. The WPS Act of 2017 (P.L. 115-68) (WPS Act) required the President to submit to Congress the U.S. Strategy on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS Strategy), which launched in 2019. The Strategy called for the Departments of Defense (DoD), Homeland Security (DHS), and State, as well as the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), to submit agency-specific Implementation Plans to measure and report on progress. The following public report to Congress evaluates the USG's progress in advancing the WPS Strategy's four Lines of Effort (LOEs): 1) Participation; 2) Protection; 3) Internal Capabilities; and 4) Partnerships. As each of the four departments and agencies have unique and tailored missions, the data and timeframes presented in their reports differ."
United States. White House Office
2021-07-01?
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Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Did Not Account for National Security Risks in Its Enterprise Risk Management Processes
From the Document: "We conducted this audit in response to a congressional request to determine whether the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS's) enterprise risk management (ERM) process includes steps to identify and assess national security risks. The congressional request was prompted by a previous OIG [Office of Inspector General] audit that determined that national security risks were not adequately considered by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Specifically, we found that NIH did not consider the risk presented by foreign principal investigators when permitting access to United States genomic data. The Congressmen stated that they are concerned that CMS also has not considered national security risks to its programs."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of Inspector General
2021-07
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Review of the Bureau of Global Talent Management, Office of the Executive Director, Office of Technology Services' Information System Processes
From the Context: "The Bureau of Global Talent Management (GTM), Office of the Executive Director, Office of Technology Services (OTS) develops, customizes, and maintains information systems that support human resource (HR) management and business processes for the Department of State (Department) and Federal agencies under chief of mission authority at U.S. missions overseas. OTS has 14 contracts with more than 200 contractor positions, which constitutes a majority of its staff. OTS manages some of the largest HR systems in the Department, affecting all employees worldwide. The magnitude, sensitivity, and complexity of the information processed in information systems managed by OTS require strict adherence to standards, such as those of the Department, the Office of Personnel Management, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and other Federal agencies that promulgate regulations applicable to the operation and protection of HR systems."
United States. Department of State. Office of the Inspector General
2021-07
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Homeowner Assistance Fund in the American Rescue Plan Act: In Brief [July 1, 2021]
From the Introduction: "The American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA, P.L. 117-2) included $9.961 billion for a new Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF) administered by the Treasury Department. Through the program, Treasury allocates funds via formula to eligible entities, which in turn can use the funds to assist eligible homeowners with mortgage payments or certain other related housing expenses. This report provides an overview of the HAF based on ARPA and initial program guidance that Treasury released on April 14, 2021.2 It includes brief background on the creation of the HAF, information on funding allocations, a description of key program parameters, and a discussion of certain outstanding questions."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Jones, Katie
2021-07-01
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COVID-19: The Coast Guard Has Addressed Challenges, but Could Improve Telework Documentation and Personnel Data, Report to Congressional Addressees
From the Highlights: "The Coast Guard is a multi-mission maritime military service responsible for maritime safety, security, and environmental protection, among other things. During the pandemic, the Coast Guard has faced challenges in balancing the need to safeguard its personnel with its responsibility to continue missions and operations. In response to a CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act mandate and congressional requests, GAO [Government Accountability Office] reviewed the Coast Guard's efforts to respond to the pandemic. This report examines (1) the Coast Guard's actions to reduce the risk of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] exposure for its personnel; (2) challenges the Coast Guard faced in operating in a pandemic environment and how it addressed them; and (3) the extent to which the Coast Guard has collected and maintained valid and current telework documentation, as well as accurate and complete COVID19 data on its personnel."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Guide to Continuity of Government for State, Local, Tribal and Territorial Governments
From the Introduction and Purpose: "This 'Guide to Continuity of Government for State, Local, Tribal and Territorial Governments', a companion document to the Continuity Guidance Circular [hyperlink], describes the relationship between COOP [continuity of operations], COG [continuity of government] and ECG [enduring constitutional government], and provides guidance in the form of planning factors to assist state, local, tribal and territorial governments in achieving continuity of government through a viable continuity capability in order to ensure the resilience and preservation of government in the event of an emergency."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2021-07
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Clean Water Act: EPA Needs to Better Assess and Disclose Quality of Compliance and Enforcement Data, Report to Congressional Requesters
From the Highlights: "EPA [Environmental Protection Agency] partners with states to oversee compliance with and enforcement of the Clean Water Act. In fiscal year 2020, there were roughly 335,000 facilities with active NPDES [National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System] permits, which are used to regulate wastewater discharges under the act. In 2015, EPA began requiring states and facilities to electronically report data on their NPDES activities. EPA estimated that in 2018, nearly 11,000 facilities significantly exceeded their permit limits and illegally discharged pollutants into nearby waters, which may pose serious threats to human health and the environment. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to review EPA's enforcement of the Clean Water Act. This report examines (1) changes since 2015 in EPA's national initiatives for ensuring compliance with the act, (2) changes in NPDES compliance and enforcement activities since 2015, and (3) the extent to which EPA is measuring progress toward compliance with the NPDES program."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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COVID-19 Housing Protections: Mortgage Forbearance and Other Federal Efforts Have Reduced Default and Foreclosure Risks, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "Millions of mortgage borrowers continue to experience financial challenges and potential housing instability during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. To address these concerns, Congress, federal agencies, and the enterprises provided borrowers with options to temporarily suspend their mortgage payments and placed a moratorium on foreclosures. Both provisions begin to expire in the coming months. The CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act includes a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to monitor federal efforts related to COVID-19. This report examines (1) the extent to which mortgage forbearance may have contributed to housing stability during the pandemic, (2) federal efforts to promote awareness of forbearance among delinquent borrowers, and (3) federal efforts to limit mortgage default and foreclosure risks after federal mortgage forbearance and foreclosure protections expire."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Conflict Minerals 2020 Company SEC Filings on Mineral Sources Were Similar to Those from Prior Years, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "The United States has sought to improve security in the DRC for over 2 decades. However, according to the Department of State and the United Nations, conflict has persisted and contributed to severe human rights abuses and the displacement of people. Armed groups continue to profit from the mining and trade of 'conflict minerals,' according to State. Provisions in the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act required, among other things, the SEC [Securities and Exchange Commission] to promulgate disclosure and reporting regulations regarding the use of conflict minerals from the DRC [Democratic Republic of the Congo] and adjoining countries. In 2012, the SEC adopted a conflict minerals disclosure rule requiring companies to file specialized disclosure reports beginning in 2014 and annually thereafter. The act also included a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to assess, among other things, the SEC regulations' effectiveness in promoting peace and security in the DRC and adjoining countries. This report examines how companies responded to the SEC conflict minerals disclosure rule when filing in 2020."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Report on Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2020
From the Foreword: "'Report on Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2020' provides the most recent national indicators on school crime and safety. The information presented in this report serves as a reference for policymakers and practitioners so that they can develop effective programs and policies aimed at violence and school crime prevention. Accurate information about the nature, extent, and scope of the problem being addressed is essential for developing effective programs and policies. This is the 23rd edition of Indicators of School Crime and Safety, a joint effort of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) and the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). This report provides summary statistics to inform the nation about current aspects of crime and safety in schools. 'Report on Indicators of School Crime and Safety' includes the most recent available data, compiled from a number of statistical data sources supported by the federal government."
National Center for Education Statistics; United States. Department of Education; United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics
Irwin, Véronique; Wang, Ke; Cui, Jiashan . . .
2021-07
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State and Local Governments: Fiscal Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Selected States, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic and related policies had a rapid and severe effect on the U.S. economy, including state and local governments. To limit social contact and slow the spread of the pandemic, nearly all states implemented policies that limited certain economic activities. Relief laws, including the CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act, provided appropriations to state and local governments to address the public health and economic threats posed by the pandemic. The CARES Act includes a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to report on COVID-19 pandemic oversight efforts. This report examines (1) changes in revenues and expenditures for the state and local government sector since the onset of the pandemic, (2) changes in revenues and expenditures for selected states, (3) actions selected states took to address changes in revenues and expenditures, and (4) factors that affected the selected states' capacity to implement federal programs."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
