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Vaping & Marijuana Concentrates: What is Vaping?
From the Document: "Vaping is the act of inhaling and exhaling an aerosol or vapor made from a liquid or dry material that is heated in an electronic powered device, called an electronic cigarette, or e-cigarette. The liquid can contain flavoring, nicotine, or marijuana concentrates. Dry herb vape devices can heat dry marijuana without combusting it and without using additional liquid. Generally, the vaping device consists of a battery, a cartridge for containing the e-liquid or dry marijuana, and a heating component."
United States. Drug Enforcement Administration
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Drug Enforcement Administration: The Early Years
From the Document: "The U.S. has a long history of drug abuse. Legally, the United States imported opium for more than a hundred years. Morphine was in common use during the Civil War. Heroin was manufactured by the end of the nineteenth century. And cocaine, long a popular tonic, was marketed as a cure for narcotic addiction. By the beginning of this century there was a steadily strengthening sentiment for outlawing alcohol but little public concern for the widespread use of narcotics. They were plentiful and cheap. Drugstores sold them without a prescription. Grocery stores stocked them. Mail order houses distributed them across the countryside, for the most part concealed in any number of patent medicines from consumption cures to teething syrups for children. Though the symptoms of narcotic addiction were known, they were not recognized in Main Street America, except as signs of rare moral degeneracy in minority groups or immigrants, essentially a vice or sickness of outsiders."
United States. Drug Enforcement Administration
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School Climate Improvement Action Guide for School Leaders
From the Document: "Improving school climate takes time and commitment from a variety of people in a variety of roles. This document outlines key action steps that school leaders--including principals, assistant/vice principals, and building leaders--can take to support school climate improvements."
United States. Department of Education; National Center on Safe Supportive Learning Environments
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School Climate Improvement Action Guide for District Leaders
From the Document: "Improving school climate takes time and commitment from a variety of people in a variety of roles. This document outlines key action steps that district leaders--including superintendents, assistant superintendents, directors of student support services, or others--can take to support school climate improvements."
United States. Department of Education; National Center on Safe Supportive Learning Environments
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U.S. Border Patrol Nationwide Apprehensions by Citizenship and Sector (FY2007--FY2019)
This document contains U.S. Border Patrol nationwide apprehensions by citizenship and sector for the period between FY2007 and FY2019.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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Cyber Risk Management Toolkit for Small Government Entities
From the Document: "According to the National League of Cities, there are approximately 39,000 municipal, county, and township government entities in the U.S., 90 percent of which serve small populations. Another 50,000 special purpose government entities and small school districts exist. These jurisdictions face considerable threats of theft of personally identifiable information (PII) and hacking that would disrupt critical infrastructure services. Unfortunately, the basic cyber risk management tools built for the commercial and nonprofit sectors do not address the subtle but important differences that define small government cyber risks. The cyber risk management solutions that currently exist for commercial and nonprofit entities need to be updated with research, analysis, and models that are unique to small government entities. Applying cyber risk management tools with the correct underlying research,analysis,and models for small government entities will fill an important gap in cybersecurity resources and tools for small government entities."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Expand and Enhance a Regional Common Operating Picture for Disaster Resilience (Phase 2)
From the Document: "During the 2017 NIPP [National Infrastructure Protection Plan] Challenge, the All Hazards Consortium (AHC) developed a private sector operated Sensitive Information Sharing Environment (SISE) and an associated SISE Working Group. The 2018 project focused on developing an operational plan and closer coordination between the National Infrastructure Coordinating Center (NICC) and the SISE. The coordination focused on developing strategies and plans, enhancing agreements, standards, data sets, technical processes and connections to organize and share information faster. The sharing attempted to increase decision maker confidence in data sets, create common federated agreements to use information, and address specific use case in both disaster management and active shooter scenarios."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Cybersecurity Considerations for K-12 Schools and School Districts
From the Document: "Cyber threats can impact either the human (students, teachers, and staff) or the physical or virtual (e.g., information technology [IT] networks and systems) elements of schools and school districts. While there may be some overlap in addressing human versus physical/virtual threats, preparing for each type can require input from different individuals with experience or expertise on that topic and unique actions before, during, and after an incident. Schools may therefore choose to plan for these threats separately, but still under a broader umbrella of cyber threats. This fact sheet focuses on addressing threats to a school's or school district's network and systems also called 'cybersecurity' considerations."
Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center (U.S.)
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Safeguarding Patients by Enabling Accelerated Government and Utility Response Through Real Time Data Sharing of Hospital Generator Status During Disasters
From the Document: "In large scale disasters that cause widespread power outages, emergency power systems at hospitals and other medical facilities are the primary lifeline for maintaining critical operations. Failures of these systems can have deadly consequences and can trigger emergency evacuations, as seen during Hurricanes Katrina (2005), Sandy (2012), and Matthew (2016). [...] An estimated 2,000 plus hospitals have connected remote monitoring and automated reporting technology to their emergency power systems. They provide real time, automated alerts to facility staff and generator service providers any time a mechanical threat to emergency power is detected or if fuel levels run dangerously low. This technology affords an opportunity to provide government and private utilities with real time, early warning of a threat to emergency power at a hospital. Yet, U.S. hospitals do not regularly share this highly valuable data with government or utility officials because protocols often do not exist to govern how this information sharing should take place."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Small Telecommunications Operator Information Sharing Study and Pilot Project
From the Document: "Cyber threat intelligence is a critical component to the development of a cyber security risk-management strategy. This intelligence assists with identifying and assessing threats and offers mitigation techniques toward managing cyber risks. The Federal government has long recognized the importance of public-private information sharing to improve an individual company's cyber program and collectively the nation's cyber posture. [...] Small telecommunications operators have limited financial, technical, and operational resources. As a result, many small operators do not actively participate in cyber threat information sharing programs and may not be receiving the necessary critical intelligence to inform and bolster their security efforts."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Synchronization of Situational Awareness Between Critical Infrastructures and the Public Sector Using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)
From the Document: "Rapid damage assessment of critical infrastructure elements following a disruptive event, and the sharing of that information allows both public and private sectors to more quickly establish situational awareness and optimally deploy response resources. This project focused on the development of plans, procedures, processes, and mechanisms for using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) to provide rapid situational awareness and for sharing that information between public and private partners. This information was transmitted to State Emergency Operations Centers (EOC) and was used to create a common operational map that can be shared with the federal government, other jurisdictional organizations, and the private sector during emergency response situations. As the use of private sector UAS increases, first responders have the ability to leverage these resources to rapidly gain situational awareness across a larger geographic region."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Biopolymer-Stabilized Earth Materials for Resilient and Adaptable Infrastructure
From the Document: "Earthen infrastructure in the U.S. comprises around 85,000 earthen dams, also known as embankment dams or earth filled dams, and most of the 100,000 miles of levees. Many earthen dams and levees face considerable risk from both natural and man-made hazards. Rehabilitation of these aging infrastructures relies mainly on the same materials used decades ago to build and reinforce the structures. Failure of any of these structures could result in major negative impacts on the U.S. economy and threaten the health and safety of surrounding communities."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Evacuation Resource Guide
This document from the Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center contains a list of web resources for schools on preparing for evacuations.
Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Education
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Food Safety and Emergencies: Preparedness Activities for Schools
This document from the Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center contains a list of web resources for schools on maintaining food safety during emergencies.
Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Education
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2019-2021 Strategic Plan: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
From the Document: "The updated Strategic Plan provides a framework for strengthening our administration of the nation's lawful immigration system and safeguarding its integrity and promise by efficiently and fairly adjudicating immigration benefits, while protecting Americans, securing the homeland, and honoring our values. USCIS [U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] will focus on four strategic goals that emphasize the efficiency and effectiveness of core operational priorities and the continuous improvements we need to achieve quality organizational performance. We will drive progress through 14 supporting strategic objectives. These objectives focus on championing the workforce at all levels, continuing to enhance rigorous anti-fraud and risk mitigation measures to protect national security, operating as efficiently as possible as we examine and fairly decide the outcome of applications and petitions, and improving our digital environment. Our annual plans will address how we will implement the objectives, and we will monitor and assess our progress as part of our agency's strategic review process."
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
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School Culture and Climate Assessments
From the Background: "The 'Guide for Developing High-Quality School Emergency Operations Plans' ('School Guide') defines school climate as 'a range of campus conditions, including safety, relationships and engagement, and the environment, that may influence student learning and well-being' (p. 53). School climate is important because its effects are far-reaching. Studies reveal that a supportive and prosocial school climate is positively correlated with a number of traits, including student motivation, feelings of connectedness and engagement with school, student self-esteem, decreased absenteeism, and reduced bullying and harassment. School climate has also been shown to have positive impacts on academic performance, going so far as to mitigate the negative impact of a socioeconomic environment. In schools with positive climates, students are more likely to feel connected to adults and their peers. Such a connection fosters a nurturing environment where students are more likely to succeed, feel safe, and report threats. School climate is determined by a number of factors, including staff and student relationships, perceptions of physical and emotional safety by students, the learning environment, and disciplinary policies."
Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Education
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Preparing for Opioid-Related Emergencies for K-12 Schools and Institutions of Higher Education
From the Document: "In October 2017, the President and acting U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary determined that a public health emergency exists nationwide. [...] Schools, school districts, and institutions of higher education (IHE) may find the threat of opioid misuse and abuse affects their population in several possible ways: [1] Students may use or abuse opioids themselves, leading to issues with drug dependence, addiction, and even the potential for overdose. [2] Parents, guardians, family members, or roommates of students may be dealing with addiction issues at home, with members of their household using or abusing opioids themselves (and parents and guardians may be unaware that opioids they have in the home are being taken by their children). [3] Teachers, faculty, and staff may have opioid use or abuse issues. [4] Use by any member of the educational community might bring drugs physically to the campus grounds (and in some cases, lead to drug dealing on or around the property). [5] Corollary issues that result from drug use and abuse might affect school/IHE members or the community as a whole, such as increased property crimes, fighting, vandalism, and the presence of weapons, other drugs or alcohol, or discarded drug paraphernalia that affects the overall safety of the environment and students' sense of safety."
Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Education
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Incorporating Sextortion into School Emergency Operations Planning
From the Document: "Advances in technology such as the growth of the Internet, increased use of mobile devices, and the popularization of mobile applications, have given rise to new types of Internet-based crimes, including child pornography, identity theft, illegal access to data, and libel. As the largest group of Internet users and the segment of the population most likely to use social media (Perrin, 2015), youth are among the vulnerable populations at risk of being victimized by cyber-related crimes. Sextortion, which has been used to define crimes that occur 'when someone threatens to distribute your private and sensitive material if you don't provide them images of a sexual nature, sexual favors, or money,' (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2015) is just one of these emerging crimes. [...] The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) have worked in collaboration with the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) to investigate how sextortion impacts youth and to promote awareness about this emerging issue."
Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Education
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Power Outage Exercise Resources
This document from the Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center provides a list of web resources schools can use for planning for power outages.
Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Technical Assistance Center (U.S.); United States. Department of Education
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CFATS Outreach Implementation Plan, Fiscal Year 2019
From the Introduction: "Established in 2007, the Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS) program has helped make the Nation more secure by identifying and regulating high-risk chemical facilities.1 On December 18, 2014, President Obama signed into law the 'Protecting and Securing Chemical Facilities from Terrorist Attacks Act of 2014' (the CFATS Act of 2014), Public Law 113-254 (6 U.S.C. 621 et seq.). The CFATS Act of 2014 reauthorizes the CFATS program and adds new provisions while preserving most of the existing CFATS regulations. The CFATS Act of 2014 directs the Department of Homeland Security (DHS or the Department) Secretary, among other provisions, to establish an outreach implementation plan (Plan) in coordination with the heads of appropriate Federal and State agencies, relevant business associations, and public and private stakeholders' labor organizations in order to identify chemical facilities of interest (CFOI) that may be subject to regulations under CFATS and to make available compliance assistance materials and information on CFATS-related education and training."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Counter Unmanned Aircraft Systems Legal Authorities
From the Document: "The Preventing Emerging Threats Act of 2018 grants the Department of Homeland Security statutory authority to counter credible threats from unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) to the safety or security of a covered facility or asset. This authority is paramount to the Department's mission to protect and secure the Homeland from evolving threats. The Department is in the process of coordinating with Components and stakeholders regarding the need for additional counter-UAS (CUAS) authorities."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Security and Resiliency Guide: Counter-Improvised Explosive Device (C-IED) Annex for Healthcare and Public Health Facility Stakeholders
From the Purpose: "Bombings using improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are a common security concern related to terrorism and violence in the United States (U.S.). Multiple high-profile, domestic incidents have occurred over the last several decades, and international attacks are frequently in the news. Healthcare facilities are not immune from IED incidents, including bomb threats, suspicious items or behavior, and attacks using IEDs. Between May 2016 and May 2019, media reports indicated that there were 243 healthcare-related IED incidents in the U.S. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), from 2016 to 2018, there was an annual average of 337 attacks on healthcare targets across 19 overseas countries that reported data. During that time span, those attacks resulted in an average of 325 deaths and 415 injuries per year. On average, 60% of attacks were bombings. This guide defines actions that management and staff at healthcare facilities can take to understand and improve their ability to perform counter-IED (C-IED) activities and make security decisions."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Atirador Ativo: Como Reagir
"Atirador ativo é alguém que toma a iniciativa de matar ou tentar matar pessoas em ambiente delimitado e populoso; na maioria dos casos, os atiradores ativos usam armas de fogo sem nenhum padrão ou método definido para seleção das suas vítimas. As situações de atirador ativo são imprevisíveis e evoluem rapidamente. Em geral, é necessária a mobilização imediata da polícia para parar os tiros e reduzir os danos às vítimas. Como frequentemente as situações de atirador ativo terminam dentro de 10 a 15 minutos, antes da chegada da polícia ao local, as pessoas precisam estar preparadas mental e fisicamente para lidar com uma situação de atirador ativo."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
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Preparing Makes Sense for People with Disabilities and Special Needs: Get Ready Now
This resource is also available in Spanish [https://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/1391801023805-0a5f90f55e2c3b9bafae1d3a692f50e6/2014_disabilites_es.pdf]. "The likelihood that you and your family will recover from an emergency tomorrow often depends on the planning and preparation done today. While each person's abilities and needs are unique, every individual can take steps to prepare for all kinds of emergencies from fires and floods to potential terrorist attacks. By evaluating your own personal needs and making an emergency plan that fits those needs, you and your loved ones can be better prepared. This guide outlines commonsense measures individuals with disabilities, special needs, and their caregivers can take to start preparing for emergencies before they happen. Preparing makes sense for people with disabilities and special needs."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
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Facts About Hantaviruses: What You Need to Know to Prevent the Disease Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)
"Hantaviruses are a group of viruses that may be carried by some rodents. Some hantaviruses can cause a rare but deadly disease called hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. The disease is called HPS for short."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service
This National Weather Service webpage offers an online web tool. "Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) is a new and essential component of our Climate, Water, and Weather Services. AHPS is a web-based suite of accurate and information-rich forecast products. They display the magnitude and uncertainty of occurrence of floods or droughts, from hours to days and months, in advance. These graphical products are useful information and planning tools for many economic and emergency managers. These new products will enable government agencies, private institutions, and individuals to make more informed decisions about risk based policies and actions to mitigate the dangers posed by floods and droughts."
United States. National Weather Service
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Multistate Fungal Meningitis Outbreak Investigation [website]
"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with state and local health departments and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are investigating a multistate meningitis outbreak of fungal infections among patients who have received a steroid injection of a potentially contaminated product into the spinal area. This form of meningitis is not contagious. The investigation also includes fungal infections associated with injections in a peripheral joint space, such as a knee, shoulder or ankle."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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Future of Multilateral Nuclear Energy Cooperation in Southeast Asia [presentation]
This presentation provides an overview of the nuclear energy plans of various Southeast Asian countries, challenges to nuclear energy development in the region, and the principles, benefits, and goals of multilateral cooperation. Note: This document has been added to the Homeland Security Digital Library in agreement with the Project on Advanced Systems and Concepts for Countering WMD (PASCC) as part of the PASCC collection. Permission to download and/or retrieve this resource has been obtained through PASCC.
United States. Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Advanced Systems and Concepts Office
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North Korea's Ballistic Missile Market in Decline as Nuclear Opportunities Emerge
"On April 5, 2009, a long-range rocket, described as a satellite launcher, took off from North Korea's test facility at Musudan-ri. On May 25, the North Korean government announced its second test of a nuclear device. Finding these acts to have disregarded the demands of the Security Council's 2006 Resolution 1718 that North Korea 'not conduct any further nuclear test or launch of a ballistic missile,' the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1874 on June 12, 2009. Security Council Resolution 1718 had directed UN member states to prevent transfers - either to or from North Korea- of ballistic missile or nuclear technology, luxury goods, and certain types of conventional weapons. Security Council Resolution 1874 broadened these prohibitions to cover the transfer of all weapons types. In strong language, it charged member states with seizing and disposing of all such shipments. Member states were also reminded to report these incidents to the '1718 Committee' set up to track enforcement. [...] The market for ballistic missiles is dwindling. Deliveries of complete, 'turnkey' ballistic missile systems have long been in decline, and the demand for North Korean-made components now seems diminished as well. The erosion of customer interest in its missile technology does not mean that North Korea has no future as an arms exporter; its business in conventional arms appears brisk. An interest in nuclear technology, especially from Middle Eastern customers, has already begun to emerge. But for North Korean missile sales, at least, the future does not look especially bright." Note: This document has been added to the Homeland Security Digital Library in agreement with the Project on Advanced Systems and Concepts for Countering WMD (PASCC) as part of the PASCC collection. Permission to download and/or retrieve this resource has been obtained through PASCC.
United States. Defense Threat Reduction Agency
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Window of Opportunity for Aceh, Indonesia Post-Tsunami: Historic Continuity, Current Points of Interest, and a Pattern - Output of the Cultural Simulation Model
"'This document is a consolidation of activity from the current and historic news flow as understood by IndaSea's Cultural Simulation Model (CSM) for the Situation in Aceh, Indonesia. The CSM uses news filtering, a knowledge acquisition and contextual memory method, which we refer to as a 'Cultural Construct,' as well as interaction by modelers, subject matter experts (SMEs), and IndaSea Cultural Analysts as the basis for its output. A Cultural Analyst is someone trained in some aspect of human behavior and able to structure that information in the CSM. The Cultural Construct is not limited in the type of data it can use to represent human behavior including language, actions, personality traits, abstract concepts and the like.' [...] In its current iteration the Cultural Construct was tailored to focus on Goals and Threats for each of the participating Actors and for the interaction between Actors in Aceh. For the purpose of this paper, an 'Actor' is defined as a subset of the Cultural Construct representing a particular entity that can be a person, group, concept or culture, particularly as it relates to a social Situation. Some examples of Actors in this case are the Achenese people, the Free Aceh Movement (GAM), the Indonesian Government, the Indonesian Military (TNI), and NGOs. Each Actor's cultural point of view is represented in the model. The cultural point of view includes how each Actor sees, defines, and responds to a Situation; in essence it is how they perceive and interact with the world." Note: This document has been added to the Homeland Security Digital Library in agreement with the Project on Advanced Systems and Concepts for Countering WMD (PASCC) as part of the PASCC collection. Permission to download and/or retrieve this resource has been obtained through PASCC.
United States. Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Advanced Systems and Concepts Office
