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S. Rept. 117-121: Wildland Fire Mitigation and Management Commission Act of 2021, Report of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs United States Senate to Accompany S. 2150, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, June 21, 2022
From the Document: "The Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, to which was referred the bill (S. 2150) to prevent catastrophic wildland fires by establishing a commission to study and recommend wildland fire prevention, mitigation, suppression, management, and rehabilitation policies for the Federal Government, and for other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an amendment (in the nature of a substitute) and recommends that the bill, as amended, do pass. [...] S. 2150, the Wildland Fire Mitigation and Management Commission Act of 2021, establishes a commission to study the nation's wildland firefighting strategy and recommend specific policies to improve that strategy. The bill requires the commission to include a number of representative stakeholders, including federal agencies, state, local, and tribal government officials, and wildland firefighters. The bill also tasks the commission with making recommendations and reporting to Congress on forest management, aerial firefighting equipment needs, federal spending and budgeting for wildland fires, and long-term management strategies."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-06-21
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Global Trends in Democracy and Authoritarianism: Challenges to Press Freedom [June 21, 2022]
From the Document: "Some Members of Congress have expressed concern over global challenges to press freedom. According to a recent United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) report, approximately 85% of the world's population experienced a decline in press freedom in their country between 2016 and 2020. Some Members of the 117th Congress have proposed legislation seeking to bolster U.S. foreign policy responses to this trend."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weber, Michael A.
2022-06-21
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 21, 2022: Dispensing of Oral Antiviral Drugs for Treatment of COVID-19 by Zip Code-Level Social Vulnerability -- United States, December 23, 2021-May 21, 2022
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "Dispensing of Oral Antiviral Drugs for Treatment of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] by Zip Code-Level Social Vulnerability -- United States, December 23, 2021-May 21, 2022." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-06-21
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: Estimated Budgetary Effects of S. 4136, the Water Resources Development Act of 2022
From the Document: "CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that enacting S. 4136 would increase direct spending by $2 billion over the 2022-2032 period and would not affect revenues. CBO has not completed an estimate of the bill's effects on spending subject to appropriation. S. 4136 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-06-21
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 1687, Small Business Cyber Training Act of 2022
From the Document: "S. 1687 would require the Small Business Administration (SBA) to establish a certification program for employees of small business development centers (SBDCs) to assist small businesses on cyber security planning. The bill would authorize the SBA to spend up to $350,000 each year to reimburse SBDCs for certification costs. On that basis, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing S. 1687 would cost $2 million over the 2022-2027 period to fund certification programs at 62 lead SBDCs. Any spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-06-21
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 21, 2022: Hospitalization and Emergency Department Encounters for COVID-19 After Paxlovid Treatment -- California, December 2021-May 2022
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "Hospitalization and Emergency Department Encounters for COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] After Paxlovid Treatment -- California, December 2021-May 2022." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-06-21
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H. Rept. 117-379: Active Shooter Alert Act of 2022, Report Together with Minority Views to Accompany H.R. 6538, June 21, 2022
From the Document: "The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 6538) to create an Active Shooter Alert Communications Network, and for other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an amendment and recommends that the bill as amended do pass. [...] H.R. 6538, the ''Active Shooter Alert Act of 2022,'' would adapt an existing alert system to establish an Active Shooter Alert Network, enabling law enforcement to send active shooter alerts within their communities. This legislation tasks the Department of Justice with the creation of a network for state and local law enforcement to send geo-targeted active shooter alerts through the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS)--the infrastructure currently used for America's Missing: Broadcast Emergency Response (AMBER) Alerts and severe storm warnings--to better warn the public of ongoing, active shooter incidents. It provides for the establishment of best practices for law enforcement agencies who choose to use this existing infrastructure for active shooter incidents. It also requires the Attorney General to appoint an Active Shooter Alert Coordinator within the Department of Justice to coordinate and develop the best practices, along with an advisory panel, and provide support for the implementation of active shooter alert systems."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-06-21
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H. Rept. 117-380: 21st Century President Act, Report to Accompany H.R. 3285, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, June 21, 2022
From the Document: "The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 3285) to amend gendered terms in Federal law relating to the President and the President's spouse, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon without amendment and recommends that the bill do pass. [...] H.R. 3285, the '21st Century President Act,' would amend gendered terms in section 879 of title 18 of the United States Code, which provides that it is a criminal offense to threaten to kill, kidnap or inflict bodily harm upon the President, the President's spouse, and certain other individuals. [...] Our Nation has long struggled with voting and equality in representation. For example, the U.S. Constitution did not recognize women's right to vote until it was amended in 1920, with the adoption of the 19th Amendment. It would take another 96 years before a major political party would nominate a woman for candidacy in a presidential election. In the 2020 presidential election, the major party candidates included one member of the LGBTQ [lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning] community and six women. It is time that section 879, the statute concerning threats against former Presidents and Vice Presidents and their families, be revised to remove outdated terms such as, 'wife,' 'her,' and 'widow' in the statute."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-06-21
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European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) [Updated June 21, 2022]
From the Document: "The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the first international financial institution of post-Cold War Europe, was founded in 1991 to ease the path of the former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the former Soviet Union from planned to free-market economies. Its geographic area has expanded over time and, today, the EBRD finances projects in 37 countries throughout Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia. In October 2021, Algeria became the 73rd member of the EBRD. The United States is a founding member of the EBRD and is the single largest shareholder with a 10% share of the Bank's capital. U.S. membership in the EBRD is authorized by P.L. [Public Law] 101-513, the 'European Bank for Reconstruction and Development Act' (22 U.S.C. [United States Code] §290l et seq.). The EBRD is headquartered in London, United Kingdom. The Bank was originally designed to function differently than other multilateral development banks in two key ways: first, it was given a political mandate to support democracy; and second, it was designed to support the development of the private sector in the former communist countries. Changes in Europe over the past two decades were viewed to make both mandates less pressing, leading the Bank to expand its membership. Russia's expanded war on Ukraine, some argue however, underscores the importance of the EBRD maintaining robust operations in Eastern and Central Europe. EBRD President Odile Renaud-Basso, former Director General of the French Treasury, was elected in October 2020 for a four-year term."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weiss, Martin A.
2022-06-21
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Student Loans: A Timeline of Actions Taken in Light of the COVID-19 Pandemic [June 21, 2022]
From the Document: "Since the onset of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] national emergency, lawmakers and the U.S. Department of Education (ED) have made available a number of waivers and flexibilities for federal student loan borrowers. For most borrowers, these flexibilities include the suspension of (1) interest accrual, (2) the requirement that borrowers make monthly payments on their loans, and (3) involuntary collections activities, as well as waivers of requirements to qualify for various student loan forgiveness or discharge benefits. While Congress authorized a subset of these flexibilities for a temporary period, ED has extended those flexibilities numerous times since their initial expiration and has effectuated other flexibilities. This In Focus provides an overview of the Higher Education Act (HEA; P.L. 89-329, as amended) Title IV federal student loan programs affected by the COVID-19 pandemic-related flexibilities and a timeline of actions taken by lawmakers or ED authorizing, effectuating, or extending such flexibilities."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hegji, Alexandra
2022-06-21
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Public Law 117-150: State and Local Government Cybersecurity Act of 2021
From the Document: "An Act [t]o amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to provide for engagements with State, local, Tribal, and territorial governments, and for other purposes."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-06-21
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Permanent Immigration Options for Afghans with Immigration Parole [June 21, 2022]
From the Introduction: "Since late July 2021, tens of thousands of Afghan nationals whose evacuation from Afghanistan was facilitated by the U.S. government have been relocated to the United States. These evacuations were prompted by the U.S. military withdrawal from Afghanistan in the spring and summer of 2021. Some of the Afghan evacuees who were relocated to the United States were U.S. lawful permanent residents (LPRs) and, as such, can reside permanently in the United States. Others had been issued special immigrant visas (SIVs) based on their work for the U.S. government during the war in Afghanistan and became LPRs upon admission to the United States. Still others held valid nonimmigrant (temporary) visas. The overwhelming majority (numbering more than 70,000), however, did not have a U.S. immigration status or visa and were granted immigration parole at their U.S. port of entry by the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS's) U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). A person granted immigration parole (parolee) can temporarily remain in the United States but does not have a set pathway to LPR status. [...] Reportedly, policymakers are engaged in discussions about the future immigration status of Afghan parolees. To assist Congress in considering these issues, this report focuses on one key question: What are the options for Afghan parolees to obtain permanent immigration status? The report begins with an overview of the immigration circumstances of Afghan nationals in the United States, focusing in particular on immigration parole. It then turns to available immigration mechanisms for Afghans to potentially obtain LPR status, such as the Afghan SIV programs and asylum. Finally, it considers proposals to establish a new statutory mechanism to enable Afghan nationals in the United States to obtain LPR status."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Bruno, Andorra
2022-06-21
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Security of the Federal Judiciary: Background and Recent Congressional Legislation [Updated June 17, 2022]
From the Document: "The July 2020 fatal attack [hyperlink] of a family member at the home of a federal judge in New Jersey has continued to prompt calls for enhanced security for federal judges and their families. This attack underscored ongoing concerns related to judicial security, particularly given the increase in the number of threats against federal judges and other judiciary personnel. Specifically, according to the U.S. Marshals Service (USMS) [hyperlink], there were 4,511 threats and inappropriate communications against federal judges, other federal court employees, and jurors during FY2021. This represented a 387% increase over threats and inappropriate communications that occurred during 2015 (when there were 926 such incidents [hyperlink]). Most recently, in May 2022, following the unauthorized release of a controversial draft opinion [hyperlink] for a case pending before the U.S. Supreme Court [hyperlink] and protests [hyperlink] related to the draft opinion, an 8-foot 'nonscalable' fence was erected around the Supreme Court building [hyperlink]. Attorney General Merrick Garland also directed the USMS to provide 'around-the-clock security' [hyperlink] for the Court's Justices, including at their private residences. These measures were not taken to prevent peaceful protests, but to deter what Attorney General Garland described as 'violence or threats of violence against judges' [hyperlink] and other public servants."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McMillion, Barry J.
2022-06-17
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H. Rept. 117-375: Prevent Exposure to Narcotics and Toxics Act of 2021, Report to Accompany H.R. 5274
From the Purpose and Summary: "H.R. 5274, the 'Prevent Exposure to Narcotics and Toxics Act of 2021' amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to provide training for U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) personnel on the use of containment devices to reduce exposure to fentanyl and other potentially lethal substances when engaged in inspections and other border security-related activities. The legislation also ensures the availability of containment devices for CBP personnel at risk of accidental exposure to synthetic opioids in the course of carrying out their official duties."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-06-17
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MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 17, 2022
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This issue of MMWR contains the following: "Extreme Heat Exposure: Access and Barriers to Cooling Centers -- Maricopa and Yuma Counties, Arizona, 2010-2020"; "Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing -- Worldwide, March-October 2021"; "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Cases and Hospitalizations Among Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Disabilities -- United States, January 1, 2020-November 20, 2021"; "Trends in Acute Hepatitis of Unspecified Etiology and Adenovirus Stool Testing Results in Children -- United States, 2017-2022"; "'Notes from the Field': COVID-19-Associated Mortality Risk Among Long-Term Care Facility Residents and Community-Dwelling Adults Aged ≥65 Years - Illinois, December 2020 and January 2022"; "'Notes from the Field': Diagnosis and Investigation of Pneumonic Plague During a Respiratory Disease Pandemic -- Wyoming, 2021"; and "'QuickStats': Percentage Distribution of Heat-Related Deaths, by Age Group -- National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2018-2020." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-06-17
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 4145, Consumer Protection Remedies Act of 2022
From the Document: "S. 4145 would restore the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC's) authority to obtain monetary relief through restitution or disgorgement, which was struck down by the decision in 'AMG [Affiliated Managers Group] Capital Management, LLC [limited liability company] v. [versus] FTC.' Whereas restitution requires violators to compensate victims for their monetary loss, disgorgement strips violators of monetary profits obtained from illegal activity. When the FTC cannot return that monetary relief to harmed consumers, the money is remitted to the Treasury and thus increases revenues. [...] CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that enacting S. 4145 would increase net revenues by $45 million over the 2022-2032 period."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-06-17
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 6493, Campus Prevention and Recovery Services for Students Act of 2022
From the Document: "H.R. 6493 would amend the Alcohol and Substance Misuse Prevention Program (currently the Drug and Alcohol Abuse Prevention Program) and authorize the appropriation of $15 million for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2028 for grants to institutions of higher education to develop and implement programs that reduce or prevent alcohol and drug use. [...] The bill also would add new requirements to those institutions' alcohol and substance misuse prevention programs in order for them to maintain eligibility for assistance under any federal program. Finally, the bill would require the Secretary of Education, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, to develop and issue guidance for the best practices on implementing those programs. [...] CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing the bill would cost $56 million over the 2022-2027 period and $49 million after 2027."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-06-17
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 5274, PREVENT ACT of 2021
From the Document: "H.R. 5274 would require Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to provide officer training on how to use containment devices to prevent secondary exposure to fentanyl and other potentially lethal substances. The bill also would require CBP to provide containment devices for officers, agents, and other personnel who are at risk of accidental exposure to synthetic opioids. CBP is currently carrying out activities similar to those required by H.R. 5274. Thus, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing the bill would not have a significant cost; any spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-06-17
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Strategy to Prevent the Importation of Goods Mined, Produced, or Manufactured with Forced Labor in the People's Republic of China
From the Executive Summary: "The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (UFLPA) was enacted on December 23, 2021, to strengthen the existing prohibition against the importation of goods made wholly or in part with forced labor into the United States and to end the systematic use of forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang). Among its mandates, the UFLPA charged the Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force (FLETF), chaired by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), to develop a strategy for supporting the enforcement of Section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. § 1307) to prevent the importation into the United States of goods mined, produced, or manufactured wholly or in part with forced labor in the People's Republic of China (PRC). This strategy incorporates input from various public and private-sector stakeholders. It incorporates significant contributions from FLETF members and observers and takes into account public comments received through the FLETF's Federal Register request for information and the UFLPA public hearing."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Strategy, Policy, and Plans
2022-06-17
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H. Rept. 117-377: Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Training Act, Report to Accompany H.R. 7777, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, June 17, 2022
From the Purpose and Summary: "H.R. 7777, the 'Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Training Act,' authorizes the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) to establish the Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Initiative (the 'Initiative' to strengthen the skills of the cybersecurity workforce related to securing industrial control systems. Through the Initiative, CISA provides no-cost virtual and in-person courses and trainings on cybersecurity for industrial control systems (ICS). In carrying out the Initiative, the bill directs CISA to engage in collaboration with the Department of Energy's National Laboratories and consultation with Sector Risk Management Agencies and, as appropriate, the private sector. Additionally, the bill directs CISA to provide an annual report on the Initiative, along with any plans and recommendations for expanding and strengthening industrial control systems cybersecurity education and training."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-06-17
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Selected Federal Financial Assistance for Emergency Response to Extreme Heat [Updated June 17, 2022]
From the Introduction: "Summer 2021 brought extreme heat to many areas of the United States,1 with a historic 'heat dome' setting temperature records in multiple states.2 As of May 2022, the National Weather Service's 'Seasonal Temperature Outlook' for summer 2022 'favors above normal temperatures' for much of the country. [...] This report provides a brief overview of existing federal resources available to respond to the impacts of extreme heat on humans and communities."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Lee, Erica A.; Wyatt, Taylor R.; Horn, Diane P. . . .
2022-06-17
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 22 Issue 24, June 16, 2022
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following articles: "2022 Crash Responder Safety Week planning webinars"; "Office for Bombing Prevention releases mass bomb threat awareness products"; "CISA's [Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency's] Secure Tomorrow Series Toolkit builds risk awareness, improves planning for future risks to critical infrastructure"; "NIST [National Institute of Standards and Technology], FirstNet launch Public Safety Immersive Test Center, focused on location services and user interface research"; "Sector Spotlight: Cyber-Physical Security Considerations for the Electricity Sub-Sector"; "Arizona hospital says SSNs [social security numbers] of 700,000 people leaked during April ransomware attack"; "National Cyber Director: Mandates coming to secure commercial information technology"; "ICS [Information and Computer Science] Patch Tuesday: Siemens, Schneider Electric address over 80 vulnerabilities"; and "RSA 2022: NIST releases draft Zero-Trust Architecture guide."
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2022-06-16
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Coastal Navigation: Authorized Purposes of Jetties, Breakwaters, and Other Structures Can Impact Corps' Maintenance and Repair
From the Document: "The movement of commerce and the presence of water recreation involve the ability of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) to provide safe, reliable, efficient, and environmentally sustainable waterborne transportation systems. As part of the Corps' primary missions, the agency is tasked with maintaining and repairing coastal navigation structures that are part of harbors and ports. The Corps' activities, including the type and scope of coastal navigation structures that the Corps may construct and maintain, are authorized by Congress. Corps officials said the authorization usually refers to the document or report recommending the project to Congress, which Congress then references in the legislation--typically a Rivers and Harbors Act or Water Resources Development Act--authorizing the project. These reports can include specific dimensions for the projects, according to the officials. The Corps is permitted to build or improve a structure, consistent with its authorization. [...] A report accompanying the 2020 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill includes a provision for us to review how to increase the Corps' capacity to repair and maintain existing projects before they deteriorate to the point of failure. This report describes what factors, if any, affect the Corps' ability to consider impacts not directly related to navigation when determining which existing coastal navigation structures to maintain and repair. To address this objective, we selected examples, reviewed documents, and interviewed officials."
United States. Government Accountability Office
Feinstein, Dianne; Kennedy, Kevin (Kevin John), 1955-; Kaptur, Marcy . . .
2022-06-16
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Combatting Online Harms Through Innovation
From the Executive Summary: "The deployment of AI [artificial intelligence] tools intended to detect or otherwise address harmful online content is accelerating. Largely within the confines -- or via funding from -- the few big technology companies that have the necessary resources and infrastructure, AI tools are being conceived, developed, and used for purposes including combat against many of the harms listed by Congress. Given the amount of online content at issue, this result appears to be inevitable, as a strictly human alternative is impossible or extremely costly at scale. Nonetheless, it is crucial to understand that these tools remain largely rudimentary, have substantial limitations, and may never be appropriate in some cases as an alternative to human judgment. Their use -- both now and in the future -- raises a host of persistent legal and policy concerns. The key conclusion of this report is thus that governments, platforms, and others must exercise great caution in either mandating the use of, or over-relying on, these tools even for the important purpose of reducing harms. Although outside of our scope, this conclusion implies that, if AI is not the answer and if the scale makes meaningful human oversight infeasible, we must look at other ways, regulatory or otherwise, to address the spread of these harms."
United States. Federal Trade Commission
Atleson, Michael
2022-06-16
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Colombia: Presidential Elections in 2022 [June 16, 2022]
From the Document: "On June 19, 2022, Colombia, long a close U.S. ally in Latin America, is scheduled to hold a presidential runoff vote. Whatever the outcome of the election, the new government may seek to reshape [hyperlink] Colombia's relations with the United States; both candidates favor policies very different from those of previous administrations. Congress maintains a keen interest in several issues regarding Colombia, including narcotics, responses to neighboring Venezuela, trade, human rights, and the ongoing peace process [hyperlink]."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Beittel, June S.
2022-06-16
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North Korea: Legislative Basis for U.S. Economic Sanctions [Updated June 16, 2022]
From the Summary: "U.S. economic sanctions imposed on North Korea are instigated by that country's activities related to weapons proliferation, especially its tests since 2006 of nuclear weapons and missile technology; regional disruptions; international terrorism; narcotics trafficking; undemocratic governance; and illicit activities in international markets, including money laundering, counterfeiting of goods and currency, and bulk cash smuggling. [...] In addition to economic and diplomatic restrictions on the U.S.-North Korea bilateral relationship, other states' failure or resistance to comply with Security Council requirements, sanctions evasion, and transactions with persons and entities subject to U.S. sanctions as part of the United States' policy toward North Korea invites the United States to impose 'secondary sanctions'. Third parties--individuals, entities, or governments--may find their U.S.-based assets blocked, transactions and contracts with U.S. persons prohibited, use of the U.S. financial system denied, and U.S. support in the international financial institutions curtailed."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Rennack, Dianne E.
2022-06-16
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Double Jeopardy, Dual Sovereignty, and Enforcement of Tribal Laws [June 16, 2022]
From the Document: "On June 13, 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court in a 6-3 decision upheld [hyperlink] the federal prosecution of a man who had already been convicted of, and punished for, a lesser-included offense by a Court of Indian Offenses. Merle Denezpi argued that the U.S. Constitution's Double Jeopardy Clause should bar the second prosecution, but the Supreme Court disagreed, holding that the second prosecution was for a separate offense and thus not constitutionally barred."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
2022-06-16
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U.S. Army's Mid-Range Capability (MRC) Weapon System [June 16, 2022]
From the Document: "'What Is the Army's Mid-Range Capability (MRC) Weapon System?' Reported improvements to Russian and Chinese artillery systems present a challenge to the U.S. Army. Russia's and China's improved, longer-ranged artillery systems, new employment techniques leveraging unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for target acquisition, and the proliferation of special munitions--such as precision, thermobaric, loitering, and top-attack munitions--have renewed concerns about the potential impact of Russian and Chinese artillery on U.S. combat operations and ground combat systems. In response to this challenge, the U.S. Army is seeking to improve its ability to deliver what it refers to as long-range precision fires (LRPF) by upgrading current artillery and missile systems, developing new longer-ranged cannons and hypersonic weapons, and modifying existing air- and sea-launched missiles for ground launch. Army leadership has stated LRPF is its number one modernization priority. The MRC Weapon System is part of the Army's LRPF modernization portfolio. It is intended to hit targets at ranges between the Army's Precision Strike Missile (PrSM) (about 300 miles maximum range) and the developmental Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW) system (about 1,725 miles maximum range)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2022-06-16
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Funding for Wildfire Management: FY2022 Appropriations for the Forest Service and the Department of the Interior [Updated June 16, 2022]
From the Document: "The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Forest Service (FS) and the Department of the Interior (DOI) are responsible for wildfire response and management across the federal lands within their respective jurisdictions. Both FS and DOI generally receive annual discretionary appropriations for wildfire management activities through Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations laws. Wildfire management funding for DOI is provided to the department-level Office of Wildland Fire. Wildfire management appropriations fluctuate annually but overall have risen markedly since FY2000[.]"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hoover, Katie
2022-06-16
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Public Law 117-148: Supreme Court Police Parity Act of 2022
From the Document: "An Act To amend title 40, United States Code, to grant the Supreme Court of the United States security-related authorities equivalent to the legislative and executive branches."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-06-16
