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Yuma Sector Border Patrol Struggled to Meet TEDS Standards for Single Adult Men but Generally Met TEDS Standards for Other Populations
From the Document: "As part of OIG's [Office of Inspector General's] annual, congressionally mandated oversight of CBP [U.S. Customs and Border Protection] holding facilities, we conducted unannounced inspections of five locations in the general area of Yuma, Arizona, to evaluate CBP's compliance with applicable detention standards. [...] We made one recommendation to Yuma sector Border Patrol to monitor data integrity. We did not make recommendations on TEDS [National Standards on Transport, Escort, Detention, and Search] compliance because there are relevant outstanding recommendations from a prior review."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
2022-08-14
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Coast Guard IT: Actions Needed to Improve Processes for Overseeing Non-Major Acquisition Programs, Report to Congressional Requesters
From the Government Accountability Office (GAO) Highlights: "The U.S. Coast Guard, a component within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), invests millions of dollars in IT [information technology] systems to help execute its various missions. DHS oversees the Coast Guard's major IT acquisition programs--assets with total costs of $300 million or more--while the Coast Guard generally manages non-major IT acquisition programs--assets with total costs of less than $300 million. Since 2017, GAO has identified gaps in the Coast Guard's oversight of its non-major acquisition programs, including IT systems. GAO was asked to review the Coast Guard's management of its non-major IT acquisitions. This report addresses the extent to which the Coast Guard (1) developed and implemented a process to identify non-major IT acquisition programs and (2) effectively oversees its non-major IT acquisition programs. GAO reviewed relevant DHS and Coast Guard policies, guidance, and documentation. GAO also interviewed DHS and Coast Guard officials. [...] GAO is making three recommendations to improve Coast Guard non-major IT acquisition oversight processes, including defining risk levels to evaluate potential acquisition programs, and clearly communicating how programs should establish, revise, and communicate baseline information consistently. DHS concurred with all three recommendations."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2022-05-26
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Energy Resilience: DOE's Northeast Petroleum Product Reserves
From the Document: "The Department of Energy (DOE) maintains two regional petroleum product reserves to reduce the impact of severe disruptions in the supply of petroleum products in the Northeast. Such disruptions could occur when extreme storms or pipeline outages limit the supply or distribution of petroleum products or dramatically increase their price. DOE established the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve (NEHHOR) in 2000 after home heating oil prices nearly doubled in the winter of 1999-2000. DOE established the Northeast Gasoline Supply Reserve (NGSR) in 2014 in the aftermath of gasoline supply issues following Hurricane Sandy in 2012. [...] NEHHOR was used following Hurricane Sandy to provide fuel for first responder vehicles when the storm shut down other supplies. This was the only time either reserve has been used. [...] This report (1) assesses the effectiveness of the existing product reserves in mitigating supply risks in the Northeast and (2) identifies the extent to which DOE has considered future risks to petroleum product supplies and the benefits of alternative federal actions to mitigate these risks."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2022-05-25
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Management Report: IRS Needs to Improve Financial Reporting and Information System Controls
From the Document: "On November 10, 2021, we issued our auditor's report on the results of our audit of the fiscal years 2021 and 2020 financial statements of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). As part of this audit, we assessed IRS's key financial reporting controls, including information system controls. As we reported in connection with our audit of IRS's fiscal years 2021 and 2020 financial statements, although certain internal controls could be improved, IRS maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2021. Those controls provided reasonable assurance that misstatements material to IRS's financial statements would be prevented, or detected and corrected, on a timely basis. However, our fiscal year 2021 audit continued to identify two significant deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting concerning IRS's unpaid assessments and financial reporting systems. We also identified other deficiencies in IRS's internal control over financial reporting that we do not consider to be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies. Nonetheless, these deficiencies warrant IRS management's attention. This report presents the new control deficiencies we identified during our fiscal year 2021 testing of IRS's internal control over financial reporting. This report also includes the results of our follow-up on the status of IRS's corrective actions to address recommendations from our prior years' reports related to internal control over financial reporting that remained open as of September 30, 2020."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2022-05-25
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Workplace Safety and Health: Data and Enforcement Challenges Limit OSHA's Ability to Protect Workers During a Crisis, Statement of Thomas M. Costa, Director Education, Workforce, and Income Security, Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Workforce Protections, Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives
From the Government Accountability Office (GAO) Highlights: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic raised concerns about OSHA's preparedness for a future crisis. OSHA [Occupational Safety and Health Administration], within the Department of Labor, helps ensure safe and healthful worker conditions by setting mandatory standards, conducting inspections, and investigating incoming complaints and referrals, among other efforts. This testimony is based on work in GAO's October 2021 CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act report (GAO-22-105051) and January 2021 report on OSHA's injury and illness reporting requirement (GAO-21- 122). It examines OSHA's efforts regarding (1) COVID-19-related enforcement actions, (2) developing and using standards related to COVID19, and (3) obtaining injury and illness data to support its enforcement efforts. For the prior reports, GAO reviewed OSHA policies and federal laws and regulations, analyzed OSHA enforcement and employer-reported injury and illness data, and interviewed OSHA officials. For this testimony, GAO obtained updated data covering OSHA enforcement activity from February 2020 through December 2021, reviewed documentation, and interviewed OSHA officials."
United States. Government Accountability Office
Costa, Thomas
2022-05-25
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Technology Modernization Fund: Past Awards Highlight Need for Continued Scrutiny of Agency Proposals, Statement of David B. Hinchman, Acting Director, Information Technology and Cybersecurity, Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Government Operations, Committee on Oversight and Reform, House of Representatives
From the Government Accountability Office (GAO) Highlights: "Enacted in 2017, the provisions commonly referred to as the Modernizing Government Technology (MGT) Act established the TMF [Technology Modernization Fund] in recognition of the challenges in modernizing federal information systems. OMB [Office of Management and Budget] and GSA [General Services Administration] administer the TMF, and a Technology Modernization Board comprised of federal IT [information technology] executives reviews agency project proposals. Since the program's creation, it has received over $1.1 billion in appropriations and made awards to over 20 projects that sought to address the federal technology challenges on which GAO has extensively reported. The MGT Act included a provision for GAO to report biannually on the TMF and the projects receiving these funds. This testimony summarizes past GAO reporting on the TMF, including (1) the status of the fund and approved projects and (2) the reliability of selected projects' cost saving estimates. This statement is primarily based on the results of GAO's prior work, which includes the reports cited in this statement. GAO also reviewed the status of approved projects as of May 2022, and agencies' efforts to address its recommendations."
United States. Government Accountability Office
Hinchman, David B.
2022-05-25
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 977, No Oil Producing and Exporting Cartels Act of 2021
From the Document: "S. 977 would seek to prohibit foreign states from working collectively to limit the production, set the price, or otherwise restrain the trading of petroleum and natural gas when such actions affect U.S. markets. The bill would authorize the Department of Justice (DOJ) to enforce the legislation by filing antitrust actions in federal courts. Under the bill, foreign states that restrain trade in petroleum and natural gas would not be immune from the judgment of U.S. courts under the doctrine of sovereign immunity. CBO [Congressional Budget Office] has no basis to predict whether DOJ would initiate antitrust actions against foreign states under the bill. The cost of investigating alleged antitrust violations like those that might be brought under S. 977 could cost millions of dollars per year, subject to the availability of appropriated funds."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-05-24
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, May 24, 2022: Post-COVID Conditions Among Adult COVID-19 Survivors Aged 18-64 and ≥65 Years -- United States, March 2020-November 2021
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This Early Release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "Post-COVID [coronavirus disease] Conditions Among Adult COVID-19 Survivors Aged 18-64 and ≥65 Years -- United States, March 2020-November 2021." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from MMWR can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-05-24
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Use of Cryptocurrency in Ransomware Attacks, Available Data, and National Security Concerns
From the Executive Summary: "Ransomware is a dangerous form of cyber-attack where threat actors prevent access to computer systems or threaten to release data unless a ransom is paid. It has the power to bankrupt businesses and cripple critical infrastructure - posing a grave threat to our national and economic security. The use of cryptocurrencies has further enabled ransomware attacks, particularly because cryptocurrency is decentralized and distributed and illicit actors can take steps to obscure transactions and make them more difficult to track. [...] To better understand this growing threat, U.S. Senator Gary Peters, Chairman of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, announced in July 2020 an investigation into the role of cryptocurrency in incentivizing and enabling ransomware attacks, and the resulting harm of such attacks to victims. As a part of this ten-month investigation, Committee staff conducted interviews with federal law enforcement and regulatory agencies as well as private companies that assist ransomware victims with ransom demands. While not exhaustive, this report addresses key pieces of the larger landscape of the increasing national security threat from ransomware attacks and the use of cryptocurrency for ransom payments. The report details recommendations to address current gaps in information on ransomware attacks and use of cryptocurrency as ransom payments in these attacks."
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
2022-05-23?
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Defense Primer: Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) Process [Updated May 20, 2022]
From the Introduction: "Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) is the Department of Defense (DOD) process for allocating resources among the armed services, defense agencies, and other components. The annual process serves as the framework for DOD civilian and military leaders to decide which programs and force management requirements to fund based on strategic objectives. This product describes a notional PPBE process from the perspective of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). In practice, aspects of the process may differ based on current events or leadership preferences. [...] The process is designed to produce DOD's portion of the President's annual budget request to Congress, as well as updates to the department's five-year spending plan, known as the Future Years Defense Program (FYDP). PPBE is one of DOD's three main acquisition-related decision support systems, along with the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS) for developing requirements to address capability gaps and the Defense Acquisition System (DAS) for managing acquisition programs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McGarry, Brendan W.; Williams, Lynn M.
2022-05-20
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FY2022 National Defense Authorization Act: Context and Selected Issues for Congress [May 20, 2022]
From the Summary: "The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) is policy legislation typically introduced and reported each year by the House Armed Services Committee (HASC) and the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC). The act primarily sets policy and authorizes appropriations for activities of the Department of Defense (DOD) and national security programs of the Department of Energy (DOE). FY2022 marked the 61st consecutive year for which Congress enacted an annual defense authorization. [...] This report compares authorizations for major defense appropriations titles, programs, and policy matters in the Administration's FY2022 budget request, House-passed and SASC-reported versions of the FY2022 NDAA, and enacted legislation. This report also provides references to other CRS reports that provide in-depth analysis and contextual information on certain defense and foreign policy issues."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McGarry, Brendan W.
2022-05-20
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Iran's Nuclear Program: Tehran's Compliance with International Obligations [Updated May 20, 2022]
From the Introduction: "Iran ratified the nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1970. Article III of the treaty requires nonnuclear-weapon states-parties to accept comprehensive International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards; Tehran concluded a comprehensive safeguards agreement with the IAEA in 1974. In 2002, the agency began investigating allegations that Iran had conducted clandestine nuclear activities; the IAEA ultimately reported that some of these activities had violated Tehran's safeguards agreement. Following more than three years of investigation, the IAEA Board of Governors reported the matter to the U.N. Security Council in February 2006. Since then, the council adopted six resolutions requiring Iran to take steps to alleviate international concerns about its nuclear program. This report provides a brief overview of Iran's nuclear program and describes the legal basis for the actions taken by the IAEA board and the Security Council."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kerr, Paul K.
2022-05-20
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 2685, Understanding Cybersecurity of Mobile Networks Act
From the Document: "H.R. 2685 would authorize the appropriation of $500,000 for the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) to report on the cybersecurity of mobile service networks to the Congress within one year of enactment. Under the act, the NTIA would be required to consult related agencies and include assessments of mobile service provider cybersecurity vulnerabilities in the report, among other requirements. Based on spending patterns for similar activities, CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing H.R. 2685 would cost less than $500,000 over the 2022-2027 period, assuming appropriation of the authorized amount."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-05-20
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Response by the White House Council on Environmental Quality to the White House Environmental Justice Advisory Council's Final Recommendations: Justice40, Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool, and Executive Order 12898 Revisions That Were Submitted on May 21, 2021
From the Introduction: "The primary purpose of this report is to provide CEQ's [Council on Environmental Quality] response to the WHEJAC's [White House Environmental Justice Advisory Council] May 21, 2021 report, Final Recommendations: Justice40, Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool, and Executive Order 12898 Revisions [hyperlink]. Under the delegated authority of President Biden, CEQ is fulfilling a Federal Advisory Committee Act requirement [hyperlink] that states: 'Within one year after a Presidential advisory committee has submitted a public report to the President, the President or his delegate shall make a report to the Congress stating either his proposals for action or his reasons for inaction, with respect to the recommendations contained in the public report.' This report has three sections that correspond to the three main sections of the WHEJAC's May 21, 2021 report. Section I addresses the WHEJAC's recommendations on the Justice40 Initiative [hyperlink], which aims to provide 40 percent of the overall benefits of certain Federal investments--such as those relating to climate change and clean energy--to disadvantaged communities that are marginalized, underserved, and overburdened by pollution. [...] The Biden-Harris Administration has committed to improving transparency in government, and this report is in keeping with that important promise. Ongoing and clear communication between CEQ, the IAC [Interagency Council], and the WHEJAC is critical to the success of our shared efforts and goals. Moreover, this report also provides an opportunity to celebrate many achievements made towards President Biden's ambitious environmental justice agenda. Although much more work remains, the Administration has already begun delivering on the President's historic environmental justice commitments, and the WHEJAC's recommendations have played a critical role in advancing policies that will ensure a cleaner, healthier future for all."
United States. White House Office; Council on Environmental Quality (U.S.)
2022-05-20
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U.S. Border Patrol Encounters at the Southwest Border: Titles 8 & 42 [Updated May 20, 2022] [infographic]
From the Document: "The U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) is part of the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS's) Customs and Border Protection (CBP). When the U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) encounters a migrant entering illegally between ports of entry, they are processed for removal under Title 8 (immigration law) and asked whether they fear persecution or intend to seek asylum. However, at the start of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in March 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an order requiring USBP to use an additional procedure at the border under Title 42 (public health code). The policy prohibits the entry of certain migrants to prevent the introduction of COVID-19 into border facilities and the United States. Individuals subject to the order are not held in congregate areas for processing and not given a credible fear interview to pursue the asylum process. Instead they are swiftly expelled to Mexico or their counties of origin. The focus of this infographic is on the Southwest border; migrants arriving at the Northern border between ports of entry are subject to the same processes but make up a small share of total USBP encounters."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Singer, Audrey
2022-05-20
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EMR-ISAC: Infogram, Volume 22 Issue 20, May 19, 2022
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following articles: "May is Mental Health Awareness Month: New resources for first responders"; "NIST [National Institute of Standards and Technology] competition aims to improve unmanned aircraft in indoor search and rescue scenarios"; "Summary and interactive map of 911 legislation enacted by states in 2021 now available"; "CISA [Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency]'s 2022 Hurricane Season Preparedness webinar will be held June 1"; "CISA issues Emergency Directive and releases advisory related to VMware vulnerabilities"; "Threat actors exploiting F5 BIG IP CVE-2022-1388"; "Weak security controls and practices routinely exploited for initial access"; "CISA releases analysis of FY21 Risk and Vulnerability Assessments"; "Cyber actors scrape credit card data from US business' online checkout page and maintain persistence by injecting malicious PHP [PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor] code"; and "Guidance on the Democratic People's Republic of Korea information technology workers."
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2022-05-19
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Foreign Leaders Addressing Congress [Updated May 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Foreign leaders are periodically invited to address Congress. The first address by a foreign dignitary occurred on December 10, 1824, when Revolutionary War hero the Marquis de Lafayette addressed the House. The most recent address took place on May 17, 2022, when His Excellency Kyriakos Mitsotakis, the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic, addressed a joint meeting of Congress. [...] When a foreign leader formally visits the United States he or she is sometimes invited to address Congress. The decision to invite a foreign leader to address Congress has historically been made by the congressional leadership, often in consultation and conjunction with the executive branch. No formal procedure on when or how to issue invitations is codified in law or in House or Senate rules. Not all foreign leaders who visit the United States are invited to address Congress. When a foreign leader is invited to address Congress, the invitation is formally extended by the Speaker of the House on behalf of the House and Senate leadership."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Straus, Jacob R.
2022-05-19
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AUKUS and Indo-Pacific Security [May 19, 2022]
From the AUKUS Overview: "Launched in September 2021, the Australia, United Kingdom (UK), United States (AUKUS) security pact is described by analysts as the most significant security arrangement among the three countries in a generation. Observers say the three allies launched AUKUS as a strategic response to China's growing military capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region (see 'Figure 1'). President Biden stated that AUKUS will 'update and enhance our shared ability to take on the threats of the 21st century' and noted that the three nations 'stood shoulder-to-shoulder' and fought together in two world wars, Korea, and the Persian Gulf. Although international attention initially focused on the proposed transfer of nuclear propulsion technology to Australia, observers say the pact's plan to develop advanced technologies and other military capabilities over the longer term may prove to be equally significant (see CRS In Focus IF11999, 'AUKUS Nuclear Cooperation'). The agreement may also prompt closer cooperation on other security threats. In April 2022, for example, AUKUS leaders committed 'to commence new trilateral cooperation on hypersonics, counter-hypersonics, and electronic warfare capabilities' in response to China's tests of its own hypersonic missiles, which Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Mark Milley described as 'very concerning.'"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Mix, Derek E.; Vaughn, Bruce, 1963-
2022-05-19
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Libya and U.S. Policy [Updated May 19, 2022]
From the Document: "Eleven years after a 2011 uprising that toppled long-time authoritarian leader Muammar al Qadhafi, Libya has yet to make a transition to stable governing arrangements. Elections and diplomacy have produced a series of interim governments ('Figure 1'), but militias, local leaders, and subnational coalitions backed by competing foreign patrons have remained the most powerful arbiters of public affairs. The postponement of planned elections in 2021, Libyans' continuing lack of consensus over constitutional and legal arrangements, the potential fragility of a United Nations (U.N.)-backed ceasefire, and the reemergence of institutional rivalry threaten Libya's stability and pose challenges for U.S. decisionmakers. Successive U.S. Administrations have sought to prevent Libya from serving as a permissive environment for transnational terrorist groups and have taken different approaches to conflict and competition among Libyans. The Biden Administration supports the holding of new elections in Libya and has used U.S. influence to bolster U.N.-led mediation efforts to that end. Congress has appropriated funds to enable U.S. diplomacy and aid programs, and some Members have called for more assertive U.S. engagement."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Blanchard, Christopher M.
2022-05-19
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S. Rept. 117-113: Air America Act of 2021, Report to Accompany S. 407, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, May 19, 2022
From the Purpose and Summary: "S. 407, the Air America Act of 2022, would qualify the service of employees of Air America, Inc., between 1950 and 1976 as creditable for retirement benefits under the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS). Employees of Air America served the U.S. government in a covert capacity to help achieve foreign policy objectives during this time period, throughout the Cold War, Korean War, and Vietnam War. The employees lost access to retirement in 1985 when the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) made a change to the Federal Personnel Manual impacting federal contractors, which is how Air America operated publicly. The bill provides a two-year window for Air America employees or their survivors to apply for retirement benefits, including retroactive benefits."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-05-19
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Alaska Native Issues: Federal Agencies Could Enhance Support for Native Village Efforts to Address Environmental Threats, Report to Congressional Requesters
From the Government Accountability Office (GAO) Highlights: "Erosion, flooding, and thawing permafrost can pose environmental threats to lives and infrastructure in Alaska Native villages. According to the United States Global Change Research Program, climate change is expected to exacerbate these threats. GAO identified 10 federal agencies that administer programs that support Alaska Native village efforts to address and build resilience to environmental threats. GAO was asked to review federal efforts to help Alaska Native villages address environmental threats. This report examines (1) information about environmental threats to Native villages; (2) federal funding provided to address such threats, and actions supported by that funding; and (3) opportunities to better support efforts to build resilience to such threats. GAO analyzed federal risk information and obligations data from 10 federal agencies for fiscal years 2016 through 2020; reviewed agency documents and other relevant reports; and interviewed agency officials and representatives from selected Alaska Native villages and tribal organizations. [...] Congress should consider establishing a coordinating entity to assist Native villages facing environmental threats. GAO is also making eight recommendations, including that seven agencies change programs to reduce barriers that hinder Native villages' accessing federal assistance. Six of these agencies agreed with GAO's recommendations, and the seventh agency stated it agreed with the report's findings."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2022-05-18
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Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Technical Assistance Guide
From the Document: "President Biden's Bipartisan Infrastructure Law unlocks billions of dollars in opportunity for states, territories, Tribes, and local governments to make a once-in-a-generation investment in our nation's infrastructure. Over 90% of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law's historic funding will be deployed by non-federal partners. The Biden Administration has put together this technical assistance guide to help make it easier for communities across the country to navigate, access, and deploy infrastructure funding that will build a better America. In the past, too many communities have lacked the resources to apply for and deliver transformative infrastructure opportunities. While there are many programs across the federal government dedicated to technical assistance, navigating the vast landscape of programs and resources can be challenging for communities. To ease this burden, the Biden Administration is committed to closing access gaps and making these opportunities transparent and available. The Biden Administration has identified at least $700 million in dedicated funding across more than 65 federal technical assistance programs, focused on helping communities apply for and deploy federal infrastructure funding. This guide will help communities navigate programs and resources that can help them deliver transformative infrastructure projects, using the historic funding from the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law. Specifically, this guide provides a list of over 65 technical assistance resources and programs across the federal government to help communities deliver infrastructure projects."
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2022-05-18
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CBO Estimate for H.R. 7790, the Infant Formula Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022, as Introduced on May 17, 2022
This Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimate provides discretionary spending estimates for H.R. 7790, Infant Formula Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022. From the Document: "H.R. 7790 would provide supplemental funding for fiscal year 2022 for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to address the current shortage of FDA-regulated infant formula and medical foods in the United States. The legislation would designate that funding as an emergency requirement in keeping with section 4001(a)(1) and section 4001(b) of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress), the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2022."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-05-18
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H. Rept. 117-336, P.1: Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Law Enforcement Training Act, Report to Accompany H.R. 2992, May 18, 2022
From the Document: "The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 2992) to direct the Attorney General to develop crisis intervention training tools for use by first responders related to interacting with persons who have a traumatic brain injury, another form of acquired brain injury, or post-traumatic stress disorder, and for other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an amendment and recommends that the bill as amended do pass. [...] H.R. 2992, the ''Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Law Enforcement Training Act'' or the ''TBI and PTSD Law Enforcement Training Act,'' would require the Bureau of Justice Assistance to establish crisis intervention training tools for first responders to recognize and assist individuals with traumatic brain injuries, acquired brain injuries, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The bill would also require the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to study the prevalence of TBI and concussion among first responders."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-05-18
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S. Rept. 117-112: Protecting Indian Tribes from Scams Act, Report to Accompany S. 1880, Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office, May 18, 2022
From the Document: "The Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, to which was referred the bill (S. 1880) to direct the Federal Trade Commission to submit to Congress a report on unfair or deceptive acts or practices targeted at Indian Tribes or members of Indian Tribes, and for other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an amendment (in the nature of a substitute) and recommends that the bill (as amended) do pass. [...] The purpose of S. 1880 is to direct the Federal Trade Commission (FTC or Commission) to submit to Congress a report on unfair or deceptive acts or practices targeted at Indian Tribes or members of Indian Tribes and to include information about identifying and avoiding such acts or practices on its website."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-05-18
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H. Rept. 117-335: Public Safety Officer Support Act of 2022, Report to Accompany H.R. 6943, May 18, 2022
From the Document: "The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 6943) to amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to authorize public safety officer death benefits to officers suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder or acute stress disorder, and for other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an amendment and recommends that the bill as amended do pass. [...] H.R. 6943, the ''Public Safety Officer Support Act of 2022,'' expands the eligibility of certain officers or their surviving family for death and disability benefits as provided for by the Public Safety Officers' Benefits (PSOB) program to include coverage for public safety officers who die by suicide or are disabled as a result of traumatic experiences."
United States. Government Publishing Office
2022-05-18
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Army's Robotic Combat Vehicle (RCV) Program [Updated May 18, 2022]
From the Background: "The RCV [Robotic Combat Vehicle] is a vehicle being developed as part of the Army's Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) family of vehicles. The Army plans to develop three RCV variants: Light, Medium, and Heavy. The Army reportedly envisions employing RCVs as 'scouts' and 'escorts' for manned fighting vehicles to deter ambushes and to guard the flanks of mechanized formations. As originally planned, RCVs are to be controlled by operators riding in NGCVs [Next Generation Combat Vehicles], but the Army hopes that improved ground navigation technology and artificial intelligence (AI) might eventually permit a single operator to control multiple RCVs or for RCVs to operate in a more autonomous mode."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2022-05-18
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Army's Mobile Protected Firepower (MPF) System [Updated May 18, 2022]
From the Document: "The Army's MPF [Mobile Protected Firepower] system is intended to address an operational shortfall: Currently the Army's Infantry Brigade Combat Teams (IBCT) do not have a combat vehicle assigned that is capable of providing mobile, protected, direct, offensive fire capability.... The MPF solution is an integration of existing mature technologies and components that avoids development which would lengthen the program schedule. Operationally, the Army wants the MPF to be able to Neutralize enemy prepared positions and bunkers and defeat heavy machine guns and armored vehicle threats during offensive operations or when conducting defensive operations against attacking enemies. In terms of the Army's overall procurement plans for MPF, The Army Acquisition Objective (AAO) for MPF is 504 vehicles, with 14 MPFs per IBCT. The targeted fielding for the First Unit Equipped (FUE) is Fiscal Year (FY) 2025."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2022-05-18
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Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated May 18, 2022]
From the Introduction: "This report provides background information and issues for Congress on the Aegis ballistic missile defense (BMD) program, a program carried out by the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) and the Navy that gives Navy Aegis cruisers and destroyers a capability for conducting BMD operations. The issue for Congress is whether to approve, reject, or modify Department of Defense (DOD) acquisition strategies and proposed funding levels for the Aegis BMD program. Congress's decisions on the Aegis BMD program could significantly affect U.S. BMD capabilities and funding requirements, and the BMD-related industrial base."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2022-05-18
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Iraq and U.S. Policy [Updated May 18, 2022]
From the Document: "Iraq held a national election on October 10, 2021, with voters selecting 329 members for the unicameral legislature, the Council of Representatives (COR). [...] An impasse between competing blocs has delayed the COR's selection of the president since January 2022. [...] It remains to be seen whether the election result and formation talks will reduce the formal influence of Iran-aligned groups who seek to revise or rescind Iraq's invitation to U.S. military advisors to remain in Iraq. A compromise coalition government could emerge that includes or reflects the interests of Iran-backed groups alongside their rivals. Such a government could lower the risk of political violence, but also may make systemic reforms less likely. In assessing the government that emerges in Iraq, Congress and the Biden Administration may weigh the benefits of continued security cooperation and other bilateral ties against risks to Iraq's stability posed by the persistence of patronage politics, corruption, oil dependence, and armed non-state actors."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Blanchard, Christopher M.
2022-05-18
