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• USVI Hurricane Recovery and Resilience Task Force

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  "In September 2017, two catastrophic Category 5 hurricanes tore through the U.S. Virgin Islands with 14 in days of each other. [...] In October 2017, Governor Kenneth Mapp called for the Hurricane Recovery and Resiliency Task Force to develop a comprehensive report on the 2017 hurricanes' impact, as well as produce recommendations for effective recovery and resilience. Specifically, the report was to answer three questions for each of several sectors: 1. What happened during the hurricanes and why? 2. How will climate change affect the sector in the future? 3. What will the Territory do?"

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2018
• US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters [Spring 2015]

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  This edition of "Parameters" from the US Army War College contains the following features: "Fighting the 'Islamic State': The Case for Ground Forces," by David E. Johnson; "The Case for Megacities," by Kevin M. Felix and Frederick D. Wong; "Megacities and the US Army," by WIlliam G. Adamson; "The Case Against Megacities," by Michael Evans; "Learning from the Past, Looking to the Future," by Matthew Morton; "Ethics and Army Leadership: Climate Matters," by Charles D. Allen; "Military Innovation and Military Culture," by Andrew Hill; "The Individualization of American Warfare," by Glenn J. Voelz; "Small Forces and Crisis Management," by Benjamin M. Jensen; and "Reconsidering Why We Lost," by Daniel Glickstein.

  Army War College (U.S.)

  2015
• Congressional Budget Office: Options for Reducing the Deficit: 2014-2023

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  "The Congress faces an array of policy choices as it confronts the dramatic increase in the federal government's debt over the past several years and the prospect of large annual budget deficits and further increases in that debt that are projected to occur in coming decades under current law (see Figure 1-1). To help inform lawmakers about the budgetary implications of various approaches to changing federal policies, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) periodically issues a compendium of policy options that would affect the federal budget as well as separate reports that include policy options in particular areas.1 This volume presents 103 options that would decrease federal spending or increase federal revenues over the next decade (see Table 1-1 on page 5). Those options cover many areas--ranging from defense to energy, Social Security, and provisions of the tax code. The budgetary effects identified for most of the options span the 10 years from 2014 to 2023 (the period covered by CBO's May 2013 baseline budget projections), although many of the options would have longer-term effects as well."

  United States. Congressional Budget Office

  2013-11
• Project 1721: A U.S. Army War College Assessment on Russian Strategy in Eastern Europe and Recommendations on How to Leverage Landpower to Maintain the Peace

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  "In early 2015, the U.S. Army War College (USAWC), at the request of the former Army Chief of Staff, General Raymond Odierno, published 'Project 1704', a study that discussed the changing strategic environment in Europe spawned by Russian aggression against Ukraine. The chief questions addressed by 'Project 1704' included: (1) What is the Russian strategy in the region? (2) What is the appropriate North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and U.S. response? (3) What are the implications for NATO and U.S. Landpower? [...] 'Project 1721' takes up where 'Project 1704' left off. The geo-strategic situation continues to change. Although many trends are disconcerting, there are points of light in the darkness. Chief among these is that Putin's aggressive tone and approach is forging a greater unity among NATO members hitherto not seen since the 1980s. [...] The increasingly bombastic rhetoric and actions of the Kremlin is disconcerting and is placing European peace in a precarious situation-where one misstep by Moscow or Washington, D.C. could plunge the world into a costly war. Yet, weakness and lack of resolve from 'the West' is not the answer. The world experimented with appeasement when faced with another nationalistic leader in the form of Adolf Hitler. The cost of capitulation and appeasement was a costly world war."

  Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute

  Mastriano, Douglas Vincent

  2017-03
• Rollback of South Africa's Biological Warfare Program

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  "This monograph analyzes the origins and development of the South African CBW program, as well as its rollback. It concludes with a profile of South Africa as a state that produced weapons of mass destruction and with a list of outstanding questions. More than twenty policy lessons, based on the South African case, are presented, which should be considered in future CBW non-proliferation studies."

  USAF Institute for National Security Studies

  Burgess, Stephen Franklin; Purkitt, Helen E., 1950-

  2001-02
• Serial No. 114-116: U.S. Policy After Russia's Escalation in Syria, Hearing Before the United States House of Representatives, Committee on Foreign Affairs, One Hundred and Fourteenth Congress, First Session, November 4, 2015

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  This testimony is from the November 4, 2015 hearing, "U.S. Policy After Russia's Escalation in Syria," held before the House of Representatives Committee on Foreign Affairs. From the opening statement of Edward Royce, "So, this hearing is on U.S. policy after Russia's escalation in Syria. It is now nearly 5 years into the Syrian conflict. That conflict has claimed more than 1 ⁄ 4 million lives. There are 4 million people right now that have been driven from their homes in Syria. Now, through it all, the administration's response has been tepid. It has been a series of steps that were micromanaged by the White House that were very ineffectual. When I say ''ineffectual,'' we had a situation here where we had hearings during the time, a 1-year period in which as ISIS [Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham] began to move out of Raqqah, Syria and take major cities, during that period of time, as we were calling for airstrikes, as our Ambassador in Baghdad was calling for air- strikes, there were 14 major cities that fell to ISIS, fell at a time when in pickup trucks on an open desert road these were clear tar- gets that could have been taken out. But a choice was made. Sometimes indecision, the decision not to make a decision, is itself a choice. The choice was made in the United States not to stop ISIS then, when it could have been stopped. And the choice was also made not to arm the Kurds. Three trips out here by the Foreign Minister of Kurdistan asking for the anti-tank weapons, the artillery, the long-range mortars that they needed. Thirty percent of their troops, 30 percent of their brigades are women, females, fighting on the frontlines against ISIS on a 600-mile front. And the decision was made not to arm them. " Statements, letters, and other materials submitted for the record include the following: Anne W. Patterson, and Victoria Nuland.

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  2015
• 'Narcocultura': A Threat to Mexican National Security?

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  From the thesis abstract: "This project analyzes the collective identity and narratives surrounding the culture of the drug trafficking organizations (DTOs), or narcocultura, in Mexico. It questions whether the visible cultural artifacts of the DTOs reflect a cultural identity or if they create an identity that threatens Mexican national security. The analysis establishes that narcocultura is a relevant framework to study Mexican transnational organized crime (TOC). The thesis utilizes both cultural and security studies to illuminate the development of narcocultura in Mexico. The author assesses the transmission of narcocultura through social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube. In addition, the study looks at past and present methods that the Mexican government at the municipal, state, and federal level uses to prevent the spread of narcocultura. Ultimately, the aforesaid theories applied to narcocultura reveal essential vulnerabilities that the Mexican government can exploit against the DTOs."

  Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)

  Fugate, Ashleigh A.

  2012-12
• Russia's Counterinsurgency in North Caucasus: Performance and Consequences

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  "This monograph examines the underlying issues behind the continuing low-level Islamist insurgency movement in the Russian North Caucasus. It begins by analyzing the history of relations between the Russian and the North Caucasus nations, focusing specifically on the process of subjugating the region by the Russian Empire. Since the 18th century, Russia has used brutal force to expand territorially to the Caucasus. The mistreatment of the North Caucasus continued after World War I and especially during and after World War II, when entire North Caucasus nations faced persecution and forcible deportations to remote parts of the Soviet Union--in which up to 30 percent of the exiles perished. Thus, the Russians planted the seeds of resentment and hatred toward them that persist to the present time. […] Without immediate, thorough, and concerted international action, the challenges that the North Caucasus presents to the world may grow into major problems. The United States must engage its allies and work with Russia to strengthen its border security, invigorate law enforcement and counterterrorist cooperation with national and international agencies, counter Islamist propaganda, improve intelligence capabilities, and appeal for international cooperation to eliminate the financial support of terrorism that helps North Caucasus militant groups flourish."

  Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute

  Cohen, Ariel

  2014-03
• S. Hrg. 94: U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa, Hearings Before the Subcommittee on African Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Ninety-Fourth Congress, First Session on Overview of U.S. Relations with Southern Africa, June 11, 13, 16; July 9, 10, 14, 23, 24, 28, and 29, 1975

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  This is a series of hearings on the "U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa," held before the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on African Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations. From the opening statement of Dick Clark: "The fundamental changes occurring in southern Africa today presents unique challenges and opportunities for U.S. foreign policy. In Angola and Mozambique, the struggle for independence was in many ways a struggle between the East and the West, and between the former colonies of Africa and the former colonial powers. Portugal was a member of NATO, and the United states provided it with economic and military assistance all during the colonial wars. At the same time, China and the Soviet Union--as well as the independent nations of Africa--assisted those people who will soon govern Angola and Mozambique in their fight for independence." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: E.F. Andrews, Alfonso Arenales, Norman Bailey, Gerald J. Bender, William B. Buffum, Goler Teal Butcher, Temple G. Cole, Dennis E. Conroy, Jennifer Davis, Robert C. Good, Thomas H. Henriksen, Jean Herskovits, George M. Houser, John E. Hutchinson, Allen F. Isaacman, Willard R. Johnson, Elizabeth S. Landis, Edgar Lockwood, John Arthur Mareum, Donald McHenry, Edward Mulcahy, Edwin S. Munger, Jordan Ngubane, James H. Noyes, Robert I. Rotberg, Leonard M. Thompson, and Douglas L. Wheeler.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1976
• International Narcotics Control Strategy Report - 2001 [Released March 1, 2002]

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  "In attempting to evaluate whether countries and certain entities are meeting the goals and objectives of the 1988 UN Drug Convention, the [State] Department has used the best information it has available. The 2002 INCSR covers countries that range from major drug producing and drug-transit countries, where drug control is a critical element of national policy, to small countries or entities where drug issues or the capacity to deal with them are minimal. The reports vary in the extent of their coverage. For key drug control countries, where considerable information is available, we have provided comprehensive reports. For some smaller countries or entities where only sketchy information is available, we have included whatever data the responsible post could provide. The country chapters report upon actions--including plans, programs, and, where applicable, timetables--toward fulfillment of Convention obligations. […]. Information concerning counternarcotics assistance is provided, pursuant to section 489(b) of the [Foreign Assistance Act (FAA)], in sections entitled 'FY 2001-2002 Fiscal Summary and Functional Budget' and 'Other USG Assistance Provided.' Major Illicit Drug Producing, Drug-Transit, Significant Source, Precursor Chemical, and Money Laundering Countries Section 489(a)(3) of the FAA requires the INCSR to identify: (A) major illicit drug producing and major drug-transit countries, (B) major sources of precursor chemicals used in the production of illicit narcotics; or (C) major money laundering countries."

  United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs

  2002-03
• Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2015, Subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans' Affairs, and Related Agencies, of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, Second Session, March 25, 2014

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  This is the March 25, 2014 hearing titled, "Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2015," held before the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans' Affairs, and Related Agencies of the Committee on Appropriations. From the opening statement of Tim Johnson, U.S. Senator from South Dakota: "I ask you today to reflect on the long view of the future of the VA. Medical care costs are going to continue to rise. Compensation and pension costs are going to continue to rise. [...] Quality VA medical care cannot be provided in substandard facilities, and yet the VA's investment in major and minor construction and nonrecurring maintenance is woefully inadequate and falling further behind every year. If these shortfalls are not addressed soon, patient care will suffer. It was not that long ago that VA healthcare was decried as being substandard. That has changed dramatically to the point that VA healthcare is now viewed as a model of excellence. That must not be allowed to deteriorate. Facility replacement, repair, and maintenance are key to maintaining the quality of VA medical care, but the VA budget request for these essential investments is nowhere near adequate to maintaining these facilities. I look forward to discussing these and other long-term challenges facing the VA."

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  2015
• 2013: The FBI Story

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  From the "Message from FBI Director James B. Comey": "This past year, the FBI and its partners again addressed a wide range of national security and criminal threats. Together, we responded to numerous crisis incidents, such as the terrorist bombings of the Boston Marathon and the shootings at the Navy Yard in Washington, D.C. We confronted a continued surge of cyber attacks against targets ranging from everyday citizens to our largest and most successful businesses. And we stopped those who would strike at the heart of our communities--from violent gangs and white-collar criminals to child predators and corrupt public officials. A glimpse of the challenges we faced--and what we achieved together--can be found in this latest edition of 'The FBI Story', our annual collection of news and feature articles from the Bureau's public website. Here you can read about some of our most successful recent major investigations and operations. These include a three-day nationwide sweep targeting child prostitution in which we identified and rescued more than 100 young victims and arrested more than 150 pimps; the rescue of a 5-year-old boy held captive in a heavily armed bunker in Alabama; and the uncovering of the largest domestic bribery and bid-rigging scheme in the history of federal contracting cases--one that siphoned more than $30 million dollars of taxpayer money."

  United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation

  2013?
• Counterinsurgency Leadership in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Beyond

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  "In a 2009 speech, General David H. Petraeus related how, during his time as the commander of Multi National Force--Iraq, he encountered a sign on a company commander's door that read, 'In the absence of orders or guidance, figure out what they should have been and execute vigorously.' This quotation synthesizes two fundamental tenets of effective leadership in a counterinsurgency. First, there is the imperative for commanders to impart a clear intent and vision to their subordinates that will enable them to 'figure out' the best and most effective means for battling the insurgency. Second, there is a need for subordinate commanders to innovate, adapt, and implement effective counterinsurgency (COIN) tactics on their own initiative. [...] This volume--based on the proceedings of Marine Corps University's 'Counterinsurgency Leadership in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Beyond' symposium held in Washington, DC, in September 2009--contains the thoughts, arguments, experiences, and observations of twenty scholars, soldiers,Marines, and policy makers.This collection presents an exploration of COIN leadership in all of its facets and includes chapters on the roles that civilian leadership, military leadership, civil-military cooperation, advisory operations, and alliance relations play in confronting and defeating insurgencies."

  Marine Corps University (U.S.)

  Schlosser, Nicholas J.; Caiella, James M.

  2011
• International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume II: Money Laundering and Financial Crimes [March 2010]

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  "The International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) is an annual report by the Department of State to Congress prepared in accordance with the Foreign Assistance Act. It describes the efforts of key countries to attack all aspects of the international drug trade in Calendar Year 2009. Volume II covers money laundering and financial crimes."

  United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs

  2010-03
• Arms Control and Nonproliferation: A Catalog of Treaties and Agreements [April 13, 2016]

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  "Arms control and nonproliferation efforts are two of the tools that have occasionally been used to implement U.S. national security strategy. Although some believe these tools do little to restrain the behavior of U.S. adversaries, while doing too much to restrain U.S. military forces and operations, many other analysts see them as an effective means to promote transparency, ease military planning, limit forces, and protect against uncertainty and surprise. Arms control and nonproliferation efforts have produced formal treaties and agreements, informal arrangements, and cooperative threat reduction and monitoring mechanisms. The pace of implementation for many of these agreements slowed during the Clinton Administration, and the Bush Administration usually preferred unilateral or ad hoc measures to formal treaties and agreements to address U.S. security concerns. The Obama Administration resumed bilateral negotiations with Russia and pledged its support for a number of multilateral arms control and nonproliferation efforts, but succeeded in negotiating only a few of its priority agreements."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Woolf, Amy F.; Kerr, Paul K.; Nikitin, Mary Beth Dunham

  2016-04-13
• Serial No. 112-152: United States Department of Justice, Hearing Before the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, June 7, 2012

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  This is the June 2012 hearing "Department of Justice" held before the House Judiciary Committee. From the opening statement of Lamar Smith: "Regrettably the Obama administration has shown a disregard for the Constitution and rule of law in an effort to impose their agenda on the American people, and there are many examples. Efforts to block congressional inquiries about the Administration's actions undermine the balance of power on which our Nation is founded. The Department of Justice still has not provided enough information about Operation Fast and Furious so that the American public and Congress can judge who in the Department bears responsibility for the decisions that led to Agent Brian Terry's death. The Justice Department refuses to comply with Congressional subpoenas that may shed light on why this program was authorized and who had knowledge of the inappropriate tactics. The Department of Justice also has failed to provide relevant information that would have revealed the extent of Justice Kagan's involvement in the development of the Affordable Care Act when she was Solicitor General. If she did give counsel on the healthcare bill, which was her job, then she should recuse herself rather than evaluating the law as a member of the Supreme Court." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Lamar Smith, Eric H. Holder, Jr., Bob Goodlatte, Zoe Lofgren, Robert C. Scott, Sheila Jackson Lee, Darrell Issa, Henry C. Johnson, Jr., and Linda T. Sánchez.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2013
• OnPoint: United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom

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  "On Point is a study of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF) as soon after the fact as feasible. The Army leadership chartered this effort in a message to the major commands on 30 April 2003. In his guidance, Army Chief of Staff General Eric K. Shinseki directed 'a quick, thorough review that looks at the US Army's performance, assesses the role it played in the joint and coalition team, and captures the strategic, operational, and tactical lessons that should be disseminated and applied in future fights.' For those of us in the Operation IRAQI FREEDOM Study Group (OIF-SG), this translated into three separate products. A 'quick look' lessons-learned briefing produced in July, less than 30 days after returning from the theater. On Point--this work--is the second product and was largely completed by mid-August 2003. Finally, the most significant product is the archive of 119,000 documents, some 2,300 interviews and 69,000 photos archived with the support and assistance of the Combined Arms Research Library at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas."

  Combat Studies Institute (U.S.)

  Degener, John E.; Tohn, David, 1965-; Fontenot, Gregory

  2004
• Avoiding the Trap: U.S. Strategy and Policy for Competing in the Asia-Pacific Beyond the Rebalance

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  "This research project began with two questions on the future of the U.S. rebalance to the Asia-Pacific: Was it the right thing to do, and have we done it right? Given the enormous expected growth in the region and thus the expected impacts in the world, the answer to the first question is a resounding yes. The answer to the second question is less clear. On the one hand, there have been several successes, not the least of which was the public pronouncement of the Obama administration's directive to pivot attention to the region and increase significant travel and engagement in the region by former President Obama and his senior officials. On the other hand, there have been limited effects in world affairs and murky plans for future U.S. endeavors in the region, complicated by growing financial and political challenges inside the United States. Perhaps the best answer to the second question is that there was a great start with an unclear follow-up. With the Trump administration now guiding U.S. foreign policy, it is time to move forward from the rebalance to a revitalized strategy and approach to the Asia-Pacific for the third decade of the 21st century."

  Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute

  Lai, David, 1955-; Troxell, John F.; Gellert, Frederick J.

  2018-02
• Smokeless Propellants as Vehicle Borne IED Main Charges: An Initial Threat Assessment

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  From the thesis abstract: "Significant and dangerous misconceptions exist concerning the potential use of smokeless propellants as the main explosive charge in a large vehicle borne improvised explosive devices (VBIED). The unrestricted availability of smokeless powder, coupled with a lack of awareness and appreciation for its destructive potential, constitute a considerable blind spot available for exploitation by violent extremist organizations and individuals. [...] Smokeless propellants represent some degree of threat to the security of the homeland. The government has thus far not assessed the extent of this threat. A valid threat assessment can only be accomplished through comprehensive testing and research. Political debate and expert consultation will not achieve a deep understanding of the potential threat. Smokeless powder may represent one piece of low hanging fruit waiting for some al-Qa'ida type to pick."

  Marine Corps Command and Staff College (U.S.)

  Beggs, Steven L.

  2008
• Serial No. 110-189; Serial No. 110-96: Restoring America's Leadership Through Scholarships for Undergraduates from Developing Countries: the Uniting Students in America (USA) Proposal, Joint Hearing Before the Subcommittee on International Organizations, Human Rights, and Oversight of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Subcommittee on Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Second Session, June 19, 2008

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  From the opening statement of William D. Delahunt: "Last week, our subcommittee held a hearing on a report we issued entitled The Decline in America's Reputation, Why? Based on a series of some 10 hearings, which we held with prominent pollsters, the report documented the dramatic decline in international approval for American leadership from historic highs, in 2002, to the historic lows or recent days. This decline in our reputation should trouble us, not because foreign policy is a popularity contest but because, as the Government Accountability Office found in 2005, our low standing can damage our ability to conduct foreign policy in the national interest. […] At any one time, 30,000 USA scholars would be attending college in the United States, students from Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East, who probably could not have afforded a college education at home, and even if they could have paid for college, they might have found it difficult to complete their studies since colleges in developing countries are often hopelessly overcrowded and notorious for intermittent closures due to the lack of funding. One of the world's most respected pollsters is Dr. Andrew Kohut, the president of the Pew Research Center. When he was asked, in our hearings about traditional public diplomacy, in which the United States spends money to tell our story, he said that these programs cannot move the needle of international opinion. For that, something real has to occur in policy. Well, we are proposing $1 billion because we want to move the needle with real students having the best experience that America has to offer, our colleges and our universities. […] So, as we get into the details today about how to make this program work, I urge the members of the respective subcommittees to remember that this is not just an investment in our colleges and in the economic development of other countries, but it is an investment in American national security." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: George Scott, William B. DeLauder, Rachel C. Ochako, Philip O. Clay, David S. North, Philip Geiger, Bill Delahunt, and Rube´n Hinojosa.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2008
• Military Review: The Professional Journal of the U.S. Army [March-April 2014]

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  The following articles are featured in this March-April 2014 edition of "Military Review": "Strengths-Based Leadership Theory and Development of Subordinate Leaders"; "Developing Trustworthy Commissioned Officers"; "Evil on the Horizon"; "Extending SHARP Best Practices"; "Is Experience the Missing Link in Junior Officer Development?"; "The Syrian Crisis from a Neighbor's Perspective"; "The Criticality of Captains' Education"; "Ethics Education of Military Leaders"; "Improving Leader Development in the Operational Domain"; and "Leading Structured Organization in the Dynamic Information Age".

  U.S. Army Combined Arms Center

  2014
• Updated Site-Specific Biosafety and Biosecurity Mitigation Risk Assessment, Volume II

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  "For each release event from the NBAF [National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility] that causes a Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) infection at a livestock premises, the consequences of that outbreak must be calculated to understand overall risk. The following approach was taken to predict the probability of an outbreak occurring following a release, to determine where the outbreak begins, and to determine the corresponding consequences of the outbreak: [1] Determine the probability that an outbreak starts in various possible locations given release quantity and transport pathways; [2] Estimate the extent and duration of the possible FMD outbreaks in Kansas; [3] Determine the probability that an outbreak would spread from Kansas to other states; [4] Estimate the extent and duration of possible FMD outbreaks in states other than Kansas; and [5] Determine overall risk by combining impact and probability of outbreaks occurring across the region for each release amount and transport pathway. Although this analysis is extensive and is substantially based on data collected from the field and the scientific literature, it is fundamentally a modeling-based approach and therefore has limited ability to predict the absolute probability of an outbreak occurring and the corresponding consequences. That being said, given the shortcomings of the modeling approach (as described in section 6.2.2), the data presented include as thorough a treatment of uncertainty in the modeling as possible. Aleatory uncertainty related to the location in which the outbreak starts (which can be a function of the meteorology on the date the accident happens, for example) is displayed along with uncertainty related to how the outbreak unfolds. Outbreak consequences have components of aleatory and epistemic uncertainty. For example, one source of aleatory uncertainty arises from the timing of an animal shipment relative to the infection of animals on a premises. An example of a source of epistemic uncertainty is the probability of infection should a veterinarian visit an infected farm before visiting an uninfected farm. This uncertainty is presented to provide a reasonable range of possible outbreak risks."

  United States. Department of Homeland Security. Science and Technology Directorate

  2012-02
• S. Hrg. 115-232: Open Hearing: Social Media Influence in the 2016 U.S. Election, Hearing Before the Select Committee on Intelligence, United States Senate One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, First Session, November 1, 2017

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  "This document is the November 1, 2017 open hearing titled "Social Media Influence in the 2016 U.S. Election" before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. From the opening statement of Richard Burr: "What social media platforms played in spreading disinformation and discord during the 2016 elections. This is an opportunity for each of you to tell your respective stories and, if necessary, correct the record. My sense is that not all aspects of those stories have been told accurately. I'll note for the record that this Committee is now having its seventeenth open hearing this year, and the twelfth at which we'll be discussing Russia and Russia's activities. Today, I'm hopeful we can provide the American people with an informed and credible assessment of how foreign actors used your platforms to circulate lies and to agitate unrest during last year's elections." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Richard, Chairman, Mark R., Vice, Colin Stretch, Sean Edgett, and Kent Walker.

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  2017
• Field Manual 5-0: The Operations Process

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  "The environment in which we conduct operations is characterized by four clear trends: growing uncertainty, rapid change, increased competitiveness, and greater decentralization. Given these trends, our leaders must expect and be prepared to confront a variety of complex problems, most of which will include myriad interdependent variables and all of which will include a human dimension. With the publication of FM [Field Manual] 5-0, The Operations Process, and the introduction of design into our doctrine, we highlight the importance of understanding complex problems more fully before we seek to solve them through our traditional planning processes. Design is neither a process nor a checklist. It is a critical and creative thinking methodology to help commanders understand the environment, analyze problems, and consider potential approaches so they can exploit opportunities, identify vulnerabilities, and anticipate transitions during a campaign. […] In addition to the introduction of design, this revision of FM 5-0 builds on and expands the body of doctrine associated with full spectrum operations described in the 2008 edition of FM 3-0, Operations. Moving beyond planning and orders production, this manual holistically addresses planning, preparation, execution, and assessment in the continuous learning cycle of the operations process. It reinforces the central role of commanders in the operations process through battle command--applying the art and science of understanding, visualizing, describing, directing, leading, and assessing operations--in exercising effective command and control. The intent of FM 5-0 is to encourage greater flexibility through critical thought, action, and initiative. Army leaders must not only develop effective plans, they must be able to convert those plans into timely action while maintaining the capability to reframe and adapt as the situation changes in an increasingly dynamic operational environment."

  United States. Department of the Army

  2010-03-26
• S. Hrg. 112-854: Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2013, Hearings Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, on H.R. 5972/S. 2322, March 1, 8 and 15, 2012

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  These are the hearings from March 1, 8 and 15, 2012 on "Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2013," held before the Senate Committee on Appropriations. Specifically, the hearings considered H.R. 5972/S. 2322, an Act Making Appropriations for the Departments of Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2013, and for Other Purposes, and heard testimony regarding the Department of Housing and Urban Development and the Department of Transportation. Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Shaun Donovan, Carol Galante, and Ray LaHood.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2013
• Joint Force Quarterly: Spring 1996, Issue 11 [May 1996]

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  "NDU Press produces Joint Force Quarterly in concert with ongoing education and research at National Defense University in support of the Secretary of Defense and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. JFQ is the Chairman's joint military and security studies journal designed to inform and educate national security professionals on joint and integrated operations; whole of government contributions to national security policy and strategy; homeland security; and developments in training and joint military education to better equip America's military and security apparatus to meet tomorrow's challenges while protecting freedom today."

  National Defense University Press

  Moore, Scott W.

  1996-05
• Ballistic Missile Defense: Responding to the Current Ballistic Missile Threat, Hearing before the Subcommittee on National Security, International Affairs, and Criminal Justice of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, May 30, 1996

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  From the opening statement of Robert L. Ehrlich, Jr.: "Today, we are here to discuss an immediate threat to our Nation's national security, the proliferation of ballistic missile technology and its ability in wrong hands to pose a personal threat to every American citizen. Several things bring us together at this time. First, there has been mounting evidence of a long- and shortrange ballistic missile threat, missiles that could carry conventional chemical, biological or nuclear weapons, over the past several years. Today, fully 25 countries possess or are actively developing ballistic missiles. Many of these countries are or have been hostile to the United States and some are even on record as having threatened the security of the United States of America. We will hear more about that later today. Second, recent events should sharpen our focus on this issue. In the past several weeks, we have seen Russia sell S8-18 or heavy ICBM technology to China. This is the same China that visibly threatened Taiwan with a military invasion in March and openly implied that Los Angeles could one day become a target. Meanwhile, Jordan has seized ballistic missile parts headed for Iraq-specifically gyroscopes and accelerometers, right; and we will hear more about that later today, I am sure-again from Russia. And we have now confirmed that North Korea has a ballistic missile development program. In fact, we heard just this past week, from the pilot who defected, that North Korea has both a plan and the means for overwhelming its southern neighbor." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Robert L. Ehrlich, Jr., Keith B. Payne, Michael Krepon, R. James Woolsey, Curt Weldon, and Frank J. Gaffney, Jr.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  1997
• 2009 Report to Congress of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, First Session, November 2009

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  "The 2009 Annual Report to Congress of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission sets forth the Commission's analysis of the U.S.-China relationship in the topical areas designated by the Commission's Congressional mandate. These areas are China's proliferation practices, the qualitative and quantitative nature of economic transfers of U.S. production activities to China, the effect of China's development on world energy supplies, the access to and use of U.S. capital markets by China, China's regional economic and security impacts, U.S.-China bilateral programs and agreements, China's compliance with its accession agreement to the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the implications of China's restrictions on freedom of expression. The Commission's analysis, along with recommendations to the Congress for addressing identified concerns, is chronicled in the Report and summarized herein."

  United States. Government Printing Office

  U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission

  2009-11
• Trafficking in Persons Report, June 2006

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  "This Report is the sixth annual Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report. It is intended to raise global awareness, to highlight the growing efforts of the international community to combat human trafficking and to encourage foreign governments to take effective actions to counter all forms of trafficking in persons. The Report has increasingly focused the efforts of a growing community of nations on sharing information and partnering in new and important ways. In assessing foreign governments' efforts, the TIP Report highlights the 'three P's'- prosecution, protection, and prevention. But a victim-centered approach to trafficking requires us equally to address the 'three R's'- rescue, rehabilitation, and reintegration. The U.S. law that guides these efforts, the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) of 2000, as amended, makes clear from the outset that the purpose of combating human trafficking is to ensure just and effective punishment of traffickers, to protect their victims, and to prevent trafficking from occurring."

  United States. Department of State

  2006-06
• Drone Dilemma: Investigating the Causes of Controversy Between the United States and Pakistan

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  From the abstract: "The thesis examines the effects of U.S. drone strikes on Pakistan's politics, internal security, and relationship with the United States. It analyzes the perspectives of the United States and Pakistan within the realm of national interests, legal framework, and ethical aspects, as well as considers short-term benefits and long-term consequences. Whatever the tactical efficacy of drone strikes may be, they have contributed to anti-American feelings and a growing trust deficit between the United States and Pakistan, and adversely affected the actual cause of fighting terrorism. The thesis concludes that drones have not achieved significant success in the war on terror. The attacks have achieved tactical successes at a very heavy cost for Pakistan--and possibly to the detriment of the global war on terror. Drone operations have supplemented terrorist recruitment and resolve, pumped up anti-U.S. feeling in Pakistan and across the globe, and have set up dangerous precedents for countries potentially possessing other countries. The study offers a number of recommendations that are not new, but if followed can promote improvement at every tier."

  Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)

  Saadat, Muhammad K.

  2014-12