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• Integration of Reserve Components Responds to New Threat

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  National Guard and Reserve forces already help state and local governments during all types of natural disasters. This paper reveals new DoD assistance mission plans to help out after an attack involving weapons of mass destruction. This initiative is vital in our ability to respond to the possibility of terrorists' using weapons of mass destruction on U.S. soil at any given time.

  United States. National Guard Bureau

  1998-03-07
• Information Warfare and Information Operations: Protecting the Global Information Environment

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  "The United States is an information and information systems dominated nation. Because of its dependence on information and information technology, the United States has become one of the most vulnerable nations to information warfare attacks. This study examines vulnerabilities in the global, national and defense information infrastructure and information operations attacks (information warfare) in the context of the national strategy for protecting the information infrastructure. It reviews directives, regulations, and policies currently in place to protect the information infrastructure and recommends the part government should play in this effort. It concludes with recommendations regarding a coordinated government and private sector office at the national level to provide the leadership required for such an effort."

  Army War College (U.S.)

  Cabral, Paul A.

  1998-03-06
• FEMA and Disaster Relief [Updated March 6, 1998]

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  "The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) helps states and localities prepare for and cope with disasters that overwhelm their own capabilities. FEMA administers policies related to emergency management and planning, disaster relief, fire prevention, earthquake hazard reduction, emergency broadcasting services, flood insurance, mitigation programs, and dam safety. President Clinton has requested $3.1 billion for FEMA in FY1999. The majority of the funds ($2.3 billion, or 75%) are requested as disaster relief funding that would only be available should the President and Congress designate it as emergency funding under the Balanced Budget Act. The remaining 25% ($844 million) would fund agency salaries, grants to state and local governments, and training activities, and would replenish the Disaster Relief Fund with $308 million. For the past 14 years, annual appropriations for FEMA have ranged from as little as $600 million to a high of approximately $5.9 billion, including supplemental measures. For FY1998, a total of $842 million is available, as appropriated in P.L. 105-65. In FY1997 a total of $5.1 billion was appropriated--$1.8 billion in the FY1997 appropriations legislation (P.L. 104-204) and $3.3 billion in supplemental appropriations (P.L. 105-18). The principal federal authority for the provision of disaster relief is the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (the Stafford Act). The act authorizes the President to issue major disaster or emergency declarations (the latter provide considerably less federal assistance than the former), sets out eligibility criteria, and specifies the types of assistance the President may authorize."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Bea, Keith

  1998-03-06
• Canada-United States Joint Inland Pollution Contingency Plan

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  The Canada-United States Joint Inland Pollution Contingency Plan (the Inland Plan) provides for a cooperative mechanism for preparedness for and response to accidental and unauthorized spills and releases of pollutants that cause or may cause damage to the environment along the shared inland boundaries of both countries and that may constitute a threat to the public health, property, or welfare. It also allows for the provision of assistance when only one country is affected, but the spill or release is of such magnitude as to justify a request for assistance. The Inland Plan is intended to complement the Canada-United States Joint Marine Pollution Contingency Plan, which provides a joint response mechanism for any oil or "noxious" substance pollution incident that threatens the waters or coastal areas of both countries. The implementation and maintenance of the Inland Plan is the joint responsibility of the Department of the Environment for Canada and the Environmental Protection Agency for the United States of America.

  United States. Environmental Protection Agency

  1998-03-03
• Report on Allied Contribution to the Common Defense: A Report to the United States Congress by the Secretary of Defense (1998)

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  The March 1998 Report on Allied Contribution to the Common Defense Report on Allied Contribution to the Common Defense presents the Department of Defense assessment of the relative contributions toward common defense and mutual security made by the NATO nations, key U.S. allies in the Pacific such as Japan and the Republic of Korea, and the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Under legislative provisions dating to the Defense Authorization Act of 1981 (P.L. 96-342, Section 1006), the Department of Defense is required to compare the defense burdens borne by the United States and our allies, explain disparities, and describe efforts to eliminate such disparities. The Defense Authorization Act of 1997 (P.L. 104-201, Section 1084) updates the earlier reporting requirement by recognizing that there are multiple and diverse ways in which allies may share the responsibility for mutual security objectives. The report contains three chapters that include the U.S. responsibility sharing policy, key allies (NATO, Pacific, and GCC), and an assessment of country contributions (i.e. the defense spending as a percent of GDP, multinational military activities, military personnel, military forces, cost sharing, and foreign assistance) by each country. The NATO countries listed include Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The pacific allies include Japan and the Republic of Korea, and the Gulf Cooperation Council that includes Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the U.A.E.

  United States. Department of Defense

  1998-03-01
• USAF Ability to Survive and Operate Procedures in a Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Environment: Air Force Handbook 32-4014, Volume 4 (March 1998)

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  "This handbook implements AFPD 32-40, Disaster Preparedness, and AFMAN 32-4005, Personnel Protection and Attack Actions. AFH 32-4014, Volume 4, provides key information, procedures, and actions needed to prepare for, survive, and restore mission capability after, a nuclear, biological, chemical, or conventional attack. The primary emphasis, however, is the CB environment. This handbook is designed for all USAF personnel stationed in, or deployable to a CB high threat area. Information on planning and analysis, CB hazards, and CB defense equipment can be found in Volumes 1, 2, and 3 respectively."

  United States. Department of the Air Force

  1998-03-01
• USAF Operations in a Chemical and Biological (CB) Warfare Environment, Planning and Analysis, Volume 1

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  This handbook provides Civil Engineer Readiness Flight personnel with information for planning and analysis of operations in a chemical and biological warfare environment. The handbook supports AFI 32-4001, Disaster Preparedness Operations, and the USAF CB Concept of Operations. The information contained in this handbook was extracted from various Department of Defense and Air Force publications. Information on chemical and biological warfare hazards, defensive equipment, and procedures can be found in Volumes 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

  United States. Department of the Air Force

  1998-03-01
• USAF Ability to Survive and Operate Procedures in a Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Environment, Volume 4

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  This handbook implements AFPD 32-40, Disaster Preparedness, and AFMAN 32-4005, Personnel Protection and Attack Actions. AFH 32-4014, Volume 4, provides key information, procedures, and actions needed to prepare for, survive, and restore mission capability after, a nuclear, biological, chemical, or conventional attack. The primary emphasis, however, is the CB environment. This handbook is designed for all USAF personnel stationed in, or deployable to a CB high threat area. Information on planning and analysis, CB hazards, and CB defense equipment can be found in Volumes 1, 2, and 3 respectively.

  United States. Department of the Air Force

  Poulis, Andrew

  1998-03-01
• Joint Strategy and Strategic Sealift for the Next Century

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  From the thesis abstract: "The President's National Security Strategy calls for the U.S. military to 'shape-respond-prepare' for a strategic environment that continues to advance U.S. interests. It also prescribes the necessity to move toward a more joint way of life. With increased emphasis on jointness, the Navy has made significant strides in becoming a partner with the other services. Not only are the serves more joint, but so are the organizations participating in contractual agreements. One area where DoD and industry have increased their joint relationship is in the area of strategic sealift. As the world's shipping industries have grown the U.S. industry has reduced by one third. This has presented DoD with a major dilemma. The current NSS calls for strategic sealift to support two simultaneous Major Regional Conflicts. The MSA of 1996 was passed by Congress to ensure supportability of U.S. forces overseas. The VISA is an agreement to make intermodal shipping services and capacity available to DoD as required to support the emergency deployment and sustainment of U.S. military forces. It is accomplished by cooperation between DoD, DoT, and Industry. This research presents analysis of current policies and sealift capabilities in support of the two MRC scenario."

  Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)

  Johnson, Ernest E.; Gopffarth, Bobby L.

  1998-03
• Our Changing Planet: The FY 1999 U.S. Global Change Research Program

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  "The Global Change Research Act of 1990 mandates the preparation of scientific assessments of global change. T he Subcommittee on Global Change Research, which coordinates the USGCRP [U.S. Global Change Research Program], has initiated a national, scientifically based assessment of the consequences of climate change and climate variability for the people, environment, and economy of the United States. The goal of the National Assessment is to determine the regional and national implications of climate change and variability within the United States in the context of other environmental, economic, and social stresses."

  U.S. Global Change Research Program; National Science and Technology Council (U.S.)

  1998-03
• Wildland Firefighter Safety Awareness Study: Phase III - Implementing Cultural Changes for Safety

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  This Phase III report of the interagency Wildland Firefighter Safety Awareness project presents over 200 recommendations for improving the organizational culture, leadership, human factors and external influences that affect wildland firefighter safety. Together, these recommendations are a set of detailed implementation strategies for improving firefighter safety.

  United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs

  1998-03
• Planning for Seismic Rehabilitation: Societal Issues

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  "This publication provides users with an understanding of the social and public policy issues that may accompany seismic rehabilitation, such as demographic, social, and economic impacts; historic property restrictions; resident dislocations; and business interruptions. The publication presents a four-step decision process to assist local officials, private owners, and design professionals in determining the need for rehabilitation. It includes an 'escalation ladder' to assist in understanding the degree of conflict that might be generated and the implications of choosing particular strategies."

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  1998-03
• EPA Chemical Accident Investigation Report, Pennzoil Product Company Refinery, Rouseville, Pennsylvania

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  This document is a report from the Environmental Protection Agency on the investigation of a refinery accident. "An explosion and fire occurred at the Pennzoil refinery in Rouseville, Pennsylvania, on October 16, 1995, resulting in deaths, injuries, public evacuation, and significant plant damage. EPA and OSHA undertook an investigation of this incident because of the seriousness of the consequences and the opportunity for lessons learned to prevent a similar accident from occurring in the chemical and petrochemical industry. The scope of the investigation and this report are solely focused on the conditions and circumstances related to the storage tanks where the explosion and fire occurred." The report identifies the causes and contributing factors of the accident and provides recommendations.

  United States. Environmental Protection Agency

  1998-03
• Report on Allied Contributions to the Common Defense. A Report to the United States Congress by the Secretary of Defense.

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  A National Security strategy for a New Century (May 1997) identifies a diverse set of threats to U.S. security, including regional or state-centered threats (such as regional aggressors, unstable nations, internal conflicts, or failed states); transnational threats (including terrorism, illegal drugs, illicit arms trafficking, and organized crime); and threats from weapons of mass destruction (from existing arsenals and from the proliferation of advanced technologies). To meet these challenges, the Administration's national security strategy stresses the need for integrated approaches, specifically to shape the international environment to prevent or deter threats, to maintain the ability to respond across the full spectrum of potential crises, up to and including major theater war, and to prepare now to meet future uncertainties. A central aim of the Administration's strategy to defeat these transnational threats is to strengthen and adapt our security relationships with key nations around the world - including sharing collective security responsibilities with allies and other friendly nations.

  United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Secretary of Defense

  1998-03
• Radiological Dispersal Devices: Assessing the Transnational Threat

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  "After British physicists demonstrated the technical feasibility of nuclear explosive weapons, attention quickly turned to their development throughout the remainder of the war [World War II]. In 1946, the United States conducted the Operation Crossroads nuclear weapons tests at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. The widespread contamination of ships used in these tests gave dramatic evidence of the potential of so-called radiological warfare. In 1947, the Defense Department began creating panels of experts to study the offensive and defensive aspects of what it termed 'Rad War.' This led to an active test program, including releases of radiation into the atmosphere in the 1940s and 1950s. The results of these early experiments showed that while RDDs [Radiological Dispersal Devices] were not effective as battlefield weapons, such weapons could have a significant psychological effect. Yet, for the next four decades, there was little documented interest in developing radiological weapons. Recent concerns with an RDD threat center on both state and non-state actors. According to Western press reports in January 1991, Iraq claimed to have 'secret' or 'unusual' weapons that could kill tens of thousands of its foes. U.S. intelligence concluded that it was possible for Iraq to build a functioning RDD. An unclassified CIA [Central Intelligence Agency] report stated that Iraq could have obtained radioactive material from research reactors and that it could disperse this material using a conventional explosive. The report concluded that an Iraqi RDD would not be a 'militarily significant' weapon because it could not cause widespread radiation sickness, even if used against unprepared and unprotected civilians in a city. However, the report also concluded that any Iraqi use of an RDD would have a substantial psychological impact."

  National Defense University. Institute for National Strategic Studies

  Ford, James L.

  1998-03
• Managing Floodplain Development through the National Flood Insurance Program

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  This Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) home study course provides training for managing floodplain development through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). "The purpose of this home study course is to enhance the knowledge and skills of local officials responsible for administering and enforcing local floodplain management regulations. It is also intended to broaden their understanding of floodplain management strategies that can be applied at the local level." Course objectives include: "(1) Be familiar with flood hazards and how human development interacts with the natural process of flooding; (2) Understand the purpose of the NFIP and your community's role in it; (3) Understand the basis for flood maps and data; (4) Be able to use floodplain studies and maps to support your floodplain management program; (5) Be able to explain the minimum regulatory requirements of the NFIP; (6) Be familiar with additional regulatory standards that your community could adopt; (7) Understand your responsibilities in administering your community's floodplain regulations for new construction; (8) Understand how to administer your community's floodplain regulations for repairs and improvements to existing buildings; (9) Be familiar with how flood insurance policies are written and how they relate to your community's regulations; [and] (10) Be prepared to administer your floodplain regulations following a disaster."

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  1998-03
• Guide for the Conduct of Emergency Response: Tabletop Activities

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  "The purpose of A Guide for the Conduct of Emergency Response Tabletop Activities is to provide DOE [Department of Energy] contractor organizations with information that can be used to better understand tabletop training programs. Tabletop training activities can be applied, individually or as a team, to any working group whose successful performance depends on the timely and appropriate interaction of all individuals involved in emergency response efforts. [...] This training tool provides recommendations, techniques, and examples for ensuring that common background information related to the development of tabletop training activities is available within the DOE. This guide provides advice rather than a prescription."

  United States. Department of Energy. Office of Nonproliferation and National Security. Office of Emergency Management

  1998-03
• Guidelines for Public Sector Hazardous Materials Training: March 1998

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  "The Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (HMTA), as modified by the Hazardous Materials Uniform Safety Act (HMTUSA) of 1990, Section 117 A, authorized the Department of Transportation (DOT) to make grants available to States, Territories, and Indian Tribes to conduct training of public sector employees who respond to emergencies (responders). [...]. HMTUSA, Section 117 A, also authorized DOT to develop a curriculum to accompany the training grant program that (1) functions as a tool for State self-assessment that courses funded comply with curriculum, (2) supports State self-determination of a national 'list of courses,' and (3) ensures that public sector employees can safely and efficiently respond to hazardous materials emergencies. Based on extensive interagency analysis and discussion, the curriculum referred to in HMTUSA, Section 117 A, has been interpreted as a coordinated program that will improve the quality and comprehensiveness of hazardous materials training. The fundamental principle of this approach is that manaqement and quality control of training are the responsibility and authority of localities as well as States, Territories, and Indian Tribes. [...]. The HMEP curriculum effort includes (1) the development and maintenance of guidelines against which courses can be assessed by State, Tribal, Territory and local training managers and (2) the implementation and maintenance of support systems to help State, Tribal, Territory and local training offices improve key elements that affect the quality of training, such as needs assessment, training plan development, testing, and assimilation of existing courses and materials from other jurisdictions."

  United States. Department of Transportation; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  1998-03
• International Narcotics Control Strategy Report [1997]

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  "The FAA requires a report on the extent to which each country or entity that received assistance under chapter 8 of Part I of the Foreign Assistance Act in the past two fiscal years has 'met the goals and objectives of the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances' (the '1988 UN Drug Convention'). Although the Convention does not contain a list of goals and objectives, it does set forth a number of obligations that the parties agree to undertake. Generally speaking, it requires the parties to take legal measures to outlaw and punish all forms of illicit drug production, trafficking, and drug money laundering, to control chemicals that can be used to process illicit drugs, and to cooperate in international efforts to these ends. The statute lists action by foreign countries on the following issues as relevant to evaluating performance under the 1988 UN Drug Convention: illicit cultivation, production, distribution, sale, transport and financing, and money laundering, asset seizure, extradition, mutual legal assistance, law enforcement and transit cooperation, precursor chemical control, and demand reduction."

  United States. Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs

  1998-03
• Evaluating the Need of a Specialized Disaster Preparedness Plan for Bonita Fire Department: Executive Analysis of Fire Services Operations in Emergency Management

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  The Bonita Fire Department has never had a disaster preparedness plan specifically unique for the community it serves. The County of San Diego has a disaster preparedness plan for 3 million plus residents, and Bonita Fire Department had adopted this as its disaster preparedness plan. The problem to be researched was to evaluate if the current disaster plan overlooked any potential risks unique for the community of Bonita. The purpose of this project was to provide a unique disaster preparedness manual specifically for Bonita Fire Department after comparing the existing emergency disaster plan of Bonita with other emergency service organizations. The evaluative research method was used for this applied research project and the questions answered were: 1.) What potential disaster risks should be assessed and planned for in the jurisdiction covered by Bonita Fire Department? 2.) Does the present disaster preparedness plan for Bonita Fire Department overlook any anticipated needs recommended by Standard 1600 Disaster Management, from the National Fire Protection Association? 3.) Should Bonita Fire Department have a specialized, unique-for-the-community, disaster preparedness plan? 4. Should the community of Bonita have citizens trained for disasters to assist Bonita Fire Department and what programs are available for citizen disaster training? Risk assessment evaluations were made for Bonita, disaster potentials identified, and based on the probability of occurrence, several risks were identified. The County of San Diego Preparedness plan was studied, researched, and compared with disaster manuals received from other agencies with similar risks. Most of these manuals thoroughly addressed potential disaster risks and included those that Bonita Fire Department could encounter. Nevertheless, when reviewed and compared to others, the disaster preparedness manual used by Bonita Fire Department was far superior in the 4 areas recommended by NFPA 1600.

  National Fire Academy

  French, Bob

  1998-02-24
• Joint Counterdrug Operations

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  "This publication is designed to consolidate some of the existing information on counterdrug (CD) operations, but it is not intended as an all encompassing, single-source CD document. Other publications provide information for implementing the guidance provided in this publication in the areas of detailed planning, organizing, and employing forces for Department of Defense CD operations. References to these publications are made throughout this document. This document provides general background on joint counterdrug operations; discusses the general threat; covers counterdrug organizations; focuses on Department of Defense (DoD) counterdrug operations; covers planning counterdrug operations; and discusses the execution of counterdrug operations."

  United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff

  1998-02-17
• U.S. Military Role in Countering the Biological and Chemical Warfare Threat: Attacking the Enemy's Will

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  One of the greatest challenges facing the U.S. military today in the post-Cold War Era is countering the proliferation of biological and chemical weapons (BCW). These weapons of mass destruction (WMD) not only pose a significant threat to our military forces but to global security as well. Known adversaries of the United States currently possess such weapons and will most likely employ them in future conflicts based on the perceived attractiveness associated with BCW. The U.S. military can and must play an active role in deterring the proliferation and potential employment of these horrific weapons. Attacking the adversary's will to possess or employ them is the singular, long lasting solution to a growing global crisis. The U.S. military's principal means of attacking this will is to negate the attractiveness of obtaining or already possessing a biological and chemical warfare capability. This can and must be accomplished in order to ensure global security and the protection of our forces today and into the future. Focusing our efforts otherwise is a recipe for disaster.

  Naval War College (U.S.)

  Kraft, James E., Jr

  1998-02-13
• Applying Operational Art to Asymmetrical Threats Within United States

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  The United States position of military dominance has continually evolved since World War 2. While many factors are responsible for this elite status, perhaps the most important is the careful consideration given to jointness and operational effectiveness. Given the Unites States' seemingly overwhelming conventional military strength relative to foreseeable potential adversaries, it is likely that future foes will attempt to attack the United States in a more indirect manner by using asymmetrical warfare. Asymmetrical warfare focuses on defeating the superior with the inferior. Examples include terrorism, informational warfare, and the use of chemical, biological and nuclear (CBR) weapons. Potential asymmetrical attacks to the continental United States pose substantial challenges to the current operational structure from which so much of our military strength is derived. Examined are the elements that effect our preparedness in responding to a domestic asymmetrical attack: The complexities asymmetrical threats present in operational planning; unified command structuring; interagency coordination; and legal jurisdiction. A hypothetical scenario employing Red China's current asymmetrical warfare capabilities is depicted to reinforce the pertinence of the topic. This paper examines the current operational system, issues that inhibit the operational process and offers for consideration areas of potential improvement.

  Naval War College (U.S.)

  Sweet, Jon M.

  1998-02-13
• Joint Vision 2010: Can We Get There From Here?

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  As one of the principal means of delivering equipment and logistics in support of the current national military strategy of the United States, sealift impacts the ability to conduct sustained operations and may influence the outcome of the operation being conducted. To the extent that sealift limits deployment of forces or logistics support, geographic combatant (CINCs) and subordinate joint force commanders (JFCs) are constrained in the strategic, operational and tactical options that they might choose and the forces they can employ. The flexible, assured sealift support initiatives proposed by Joint Vision 2010 (JV 2010) are intended to permit regional CINC's and JFCs to expand the strategic, operational, and tactical options available. Where will the sealift of the future come from? Can we look to JV 2010 for answers? The size of the U.S. Merchant Fleet - vessels and mariners - is at an all time low and getting smaller. Our reliance on the commercial shipping industry and foreign commercial shipping for our sealift needs is becoming more and more prevalent. We have learned many lessons from the Gulf War... or have we? The Maritime Security Program and the Voluntary Intermodal Sealift Agreement, which propose reliable and secure U.S.-flag commercial sealift, will support JV 2010. Despite their best efforts, the regional CINC has the potential to find himself at the mercy of the accepted commercial practices of the shipping industry, and subjected to the risks associated with the reliance upon foreign commercial shipping. If the operational commander is to successfully develop and execute contingency plans utilizing the best available options for the situation, he must fully understand the limitations and impact that reliance on these sealift assets may have on the mission and then act accordingly.

  Naval War College (U.S.)

  Graves, Roy D.

  1998-02-13
• Full-Dimensional Protection: Safety Begins at Home

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  Full-Dimensional protection is designed to ensure the safety and security of our armed forces, and to assure that they retain freedom of action across the entire range of military operations. Extending beyond the traditional idea of force protection, full-dimensional protection must be applied within the borders of the continental United States. The increasing likelihood of an asymmetric attack direct against our armed forces, within our own borders requires careful examination. Failure to adequately assess and counter these threats will result in a military that is unprepared for the war of the 21st century.

  Naval War College (U.S.)

  Stanton, Patrick W.

  1998-02-13
• Caspian Sea Region: A Look at Future U.S. and Allied Military Missions

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  "The Caspian Sea is rapidly becoming a region of increased attention to both U.S. civilian and military policymakers and planners. The region's large amounts of oil and gas reserves will allow the U.S. and its allies to diversify their sources of oil imports, and therefore, reduce the dependence on Middle Eastern oil. However, the Caspian is an inland sea and the export of the resources to markets is of critical concern. The pipelines, required to transport the oil and gas, will need to traverse a region complete with internal and external ethnic animosities, border disputes, and regional powers competing with each other for influence and control over the Caspian and its resources. Given this background, the U.S. and its allies may have to conduct military operations to secure their investments of capital and influence in the region as well as to resolve or prevent disputes among the Caspian nations and the other regional powers as the Caspian oil reaches full production in the next 10 to 15 years. The missions of peace operations, humanitarian assistance, counterterrorism, foreign internal defense, and others possibly await U.S. and NATO forces in the twenty-first century."

  Naval War College (U.S.)

  Chicky, Jon E.

  1998-02-13
• Ultimate Brinkmanship: Iraq's Use of Weapons of Mass Destruction to Raise the Stakes

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  "This paper discusses the ability of regional powers, such as Iraq, to challenge the United States militarily within their specific region using Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). It looks at the U.S.'s readiness to counter proliferation of these weapons and our adversaries desire to have them to tip the balance of influence with the threat of use or actual use of WMD. This paper also looks at the reasons for the potential use by regional powers due to the erosion of traditional restraints in the international community."

  Naval War College (U.S.)

  Self, Jackson D.

  1998-02-12
• Consequence Management: A Mission for the National Guard

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  There is growing concern of increasing terrorist threats in the United States. Terrorist organizations are gaining increased access to the technology necessary to develop and employ Weapons of Mass Destruction. No single military organization has been assigned responsibility for consequence management. Assigning this responsibility to a single military organization could focus effort and provide civil authorities with a fully coordinated and standardized response to terrorist threats. National Guard units are trained to respond quickly to domestic emergencies. They have established emergency response relationships with local and state organizations. This article explains how the National Guard can be organized, trained, and structured to assume the Department of Defense lead for consequence management.

  United States. National Guard Bureau

  Hara, Gary M.

  1998-02-12
• Joint Force Quarterly: Autumn/Winter 1997-98, Issue 17 [February 1998]

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  "NDU Press produces Joint Force Quarterly in concert with ongoing education and research at National Defense University in support of the Secretary of Defense and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. JFQ is the Chairman's joint military and security studies journal designed to inform and educate national security professionals on joint and integrated operations; whole of government contributions to national security policy and strategy; homeland security; and developments in training and joint military education to better equip America's military and security apparatus to meet tomorrow's challenges while protecting freedom today."

  National Defense University. Institute for National Strategic Studies

  Rokosz, Ronald F.; Hash, Charles H.

  1998-02
• USAF Operations in a Chemical and Biological (CB) Warfare Environment, Defense Equipment, Volume 3

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  This handbook implements AFPD 32-40, Disaster Preparedness and AFMAN 32-4005, Personnel Protection and Attack Actions. AFH 32-4014, Volume 3, provides Civil Engineer Readiness Flight personnel with general information and technical data concerning fielded chemical and biological warfare defense equipment. The information contained in this guide was extracted from various Air Force Technical Orders and/or equipment manuals. The information contained herein does not supersede any published Technical Order (T.O.), Readiness Training Package (RTP), or equipment manual. Information on planning and analysis, hazards, and defense procedures can be found in Volumes 1, 2, and 4, respectively.

  United States. Department of the Air Force

  Poulis, Andrew

  1998-02-01