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• Contemporary Jus Ad Bellum on Use of Force in Self-Defense by States Against Non-State Terrorist Group -- Limitations, Evolutions and Alternatives

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  From the thesis abstract: "International law is challenged to ensure the legal and legitimate use of force by states against non-state terrorist groups. Such groups evade easy classification as criminals or armed forces. Their organization, methods and targets are simultaneously local in application, but global in impact. They attack the foundations of state identity and legitimacy, including the monopoly on use of force, but are not state actors. Non-state actor threats are not unprecedented, but states and international law have never had to contend with non-state actors possessing global reach and force, resources and influence on par with some states, which creates a dilemma for contemporary states and jus ad bellum--to adhere to principles of international law and customs of legitimate state action, or to ensure the security of the state's citizens. The predicament is incompatible with the notion that, in the modern era, the use of force by states is to be limited, governed and made legitimate by the rule of law. State use of force without legal authorization creates severe issues of legitimacy, with politically and socially destabilizing effects. This paper examines these issues in full and identifies key trends and potential avenues for legal reform."

  Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Center for Homeland Defense and Security; Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)

  Brody, Michael H.

  2011-09
• Rural Telecommunications, Hearing Before the Committee on Commerce Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Ninth Congress, Second Session, March 7, 2006

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  From the opening statement of Ted Stevens: "This hearing will address the issues other than the Universal Service Fund, which we already held hearings on. These issues that we will listen to today relate to ensuring that all Americans, whether they live in urban, rural, or insular areas, have access to basic and advanced communications at comparable quality and at reasonably comparable rates." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Ray Baum, Thomas Dorr, Joe Garcia, Mark Goldstein, Mark K. Johnson, Craig Mundie, Lawrence Sargeant, William Squires, Ted Stevens, Conrad Burns, Byron L. Dorgan, E. Benjamin Nelson, Trent Lott and Mark Pryor.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2006
• 20 Years After 9/11: The State of the Transportation Security Administration, Hearing Before the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventeenth Congress, First Session, September 29, 2021

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  This is the September 29, 2021 hearing on "20 Years After 9/11: The State of the Transportation Security Administration [TSA]," held before the House Committee on Homeland Security. From the opening statement of Bennie G. Thompson: "Twenty years ago, the morning of September 11, the United States suffered the most devasting targeted attack in history. Thousands of lives were lost and many more were changed forever. In the weeks, months, and years that followed, the Federal Government engaged in a massive effort to reshape our security efforts and respond to new global threats. Most importantly for today's hearing, it was clear that Federal authorities needed to be responsible for safeguarding our Nation's transportation system and so the Transportation Security Administration was born. In its 20-year history TSA has had 7 Senate-confirmed administrators; 4 of them are with us today. Together they represent the majority of the history of TSA and they can speak to the incredible changes and growth the agency has undergone in the past 2 decades." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: David P. Pekoske, Peter V. Neffenger, John S. Pistole, and James M. Loy.

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  2022
• H. Rept. 117-130: Build Back Better Act, Report of the Committee on the Budget, House of Representatives, to Accompany H.R. 5376, Together with Minority Views, September 27, 2021 (Book 2 of 3)

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  Froom Book 1 of the Report: "The Build Back Better Act makes the transformative investments at the scale necessary to meet the needs of the American people, address dangerous deficits in our society, improve our economic outlook, and set America up to compete and win in the decades ahead. With the Build Back Better Act, we will: 'Cut taxes for the middle class'. [...] 'Create jobs'. [...] 'Lower costs for working families'. [...] 'Tackle the climate crisis and strengthen resilience'. [...] 'Ensure Fiscal Responsibility'." Book 1 of this report can be accessed here: [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=859475]. Book 3 can be accessed here: []https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=859478.

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  2021-09-27
• Eighth Public Hearing of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States: Day Two, Counterterrorism Policy, March 24, 2004 [Transcript]

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  This is the transcript of day one of the 9/11 Commission's eighth public hearing which focused on Counterterrorism Policy. Day one of the hearing opened with a staff statement on "Diplomacy" followed by testmony from Madeleine Albright and Colin Powell. The day one hearing continued with a staff statement on "The Military" followed by testimony from William Cohen and Donald Rumsfeld.

  National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States

  2004-03-24
• S. Hrg. 107-918: Homeland Security: Hearing Before the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, July 17, 2002

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  From the opening statement of Tom Harkin: "The President has stated and we all agree that we have to be ready to respond to protect American interests against the new and very dangerous threat of terrorism. Protecting our borders and keeping our residents safe from harm is our Government's highest priority and represents an increasingly big challenge to all of us. President Bush's proposal for a new Department of Homeland Security included a call for the transfer of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), but recently the administration has indicated it is agreeable to some of the provisions that they worked out with the House in terms of transferring some of APHIS' functions regarding Plum Island and border security." Statements, letters, and material submitted for the record include those of the following: Tom Harkin, Tom Ridge, Alfonso Torres, Ann M. Veneman, Richard G. Lugar, Wayne Allard, American Nursery & Landscape Association (ANLA) and Society of American Florists (SAF), Max Baucus, Patrick Leahy, Ben Nelson, Pat Roberts, letter from Wayne Pacelle and Mimi Brody, and a letter to Secretary Ann M. Veneman from Richard Lugar.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2003
• Local Mitigation Plan Review Guide [October 1, 2011]

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  "The purpose of this Local Mitigation Plan Review Guide is to help Federal and State officials assess Local Mitigation Plans in a fair and consistent manner, and to ensure approved Local Mitigation Plans meet the requirements of the Stafford Act and Title 44 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) §201.6. […] Section 1 describes the purpose and organization of the Plan Review Guide. Section 2 describes the overall guiding principles for Local Mitigation Plan reviews. Section 3 provides instructions on how FEMA will complete the Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool, including the Regulatory Checklist and Plan Assessment. Section 4 provides the detailed guidance on how FEMA interprets the regulation through the Regulatory Checklist for all Local Mitigation Plan reviews. Section 5 describes the Plan Review Procedure from submittal through approval, including methods of communication between FEMA, States and local governments that develop Local Mitigation Plans. Finally, Appendix A includes the Plan Review Tool to document the evaluation of any Local Mitigation Plan."

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2011-10-01
• CBO Paper: How CBO Analyzes Approaches to Improve Health Through Disease Prevention

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  From the Summary: "This report describes how the Congressional Budget Office estimates the effects on the federal budget of proposals to expand the use of preventive medical services. CBO [Congressional Budget Office] analyzes policies on a case-by-case basis: The cost estimate for any legislative proposal depends on the details of the legislation. In addition, some preventive services--such as a vaccine for the 2020 coronavirus-- could have broad economic benefits that, by longstanding convention, would not be captured in a typical CBO cost estimate. A systematic review of the evidence suggests that expanded use of many preventive medical services has led to higher health care costs. Expanded government support for preventive care can improve people's health, and for that reason it might be considered worthwhile even if it increased federal budget deficits in many cases. The effects on the federal budget and on people's health are just two of many possible factors that policymakers may weigh in considering proposals to expand the use of preventive medical services. Those other considerations may include differing views about the role of the federal government, the effects on people in different circumstances, and the effects on the budgets of state and local governments. This report focuses on one of those many considerations: the projected effects of preventive medical services on the federal budget. The report also considers other factors-- individual behaviors, the environment, and socioeconomic factors--that can affect people's health and the federal budget."

  United States. Congressional Budget Office

  Duchovny, Noelia Judith; Mutter, Ryan

  2020-06
• Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on Infection Prevention for Health Care Personnel Caring for Patients with Suspected or Known COVID-19

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  From the Abstract: "SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] is a highly transmissible virus that can infect health care personnel and patients in health care settings. Specific care activities, in particular aerosol-generating procedures, may have a higher risk of transmission. The rapid emergence and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 has created significant challenges in health care facilities, particularly with severe shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) used to protect health care personnel (HCP). Evidence-based recommendations for what PPE to use in conventional, contingency, and crisis standards of care are needed. Where evidence is lacking, the development of specific research questions can help direct funders and investigators."

  Infectious Diseases Society of America

  Lynch, John B.; Davitkov, Perica; Anderson, Deverick J. . . .

  2020-04-30
• Federal Debt Management: Treasury Quickly Financed Historic Government Response to the Pandemic and is Assessing Risks to Market Functioning, Report to Congressional Committees

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  From the Highlights: "The federal government's fiscal response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic dramatically increased the government's borrowing needs. Treasury borrows money needed by issuing Treasury securities. The ability to borrow large amounts of money quickly and cheaply is especially important during a crisis, when government spending tends to increase and revenues tend to decrease. Any disruptions in investor demand for Treasury securities or the functioning of the Treasury market can have costly implications for the federal government and taxpayers. The CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act includes a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to report on its monitoring and oversight efforts related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This report examines (1) how the cost and liquidity of Treasury securities changed during COVID-19; (2) actions Treasury is taking to mitigate future disruptions; and (3) the actions Treasury took to finance the federal government's response to the pandemic."

  United States. Government Accountability Office

  2021-08
• Violations of Detention Standards Amid COVID-19 Outbreak at La Palma Correctional Center in Eloy, AZ

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  From the Highlights: "Treatment and care of detainees at facilities can be challenging and vary greatly. In accordance with the 'Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2019,' we conduct annual unannounced inspections of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention facilities to ensure compliance with detention standards. Between August and November 2020, we conducted a remote inspection of the La Palma Correctional Center (LPCC) to evaluate compliance with ICE detention standards and COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] requirements."

  United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General

  2021-03-30
• Procedural Manual: Safeguarding Information Designated as Chemical-Terrorism Vulnerability Information

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  "This Manual establishes Department of Homeland Security (DHS) policy regarding the identification and safeguarding of Sensitive but Unclassified (SBU) information authorized under Section 550 of Public Law (PL) 109-295. This information will be referred to as Chemical-terrorism Vulnerability Information (CVI). This procedural manual contains the minimum standards for covered persons to mark, store, control, transmit, and destroy CVI."

  United States. Department of Homeland Security

  2007-06
• BOEMRE/U.S. Coast Guard Joint Investigation Team Report: Parts 1 and 2, Oversight Hearings Before the Committee on Natural Resources, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, First Session, October 13, 2011 and November 2, 2011

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  From the opening statement of Doc Hastings: "The primary purpose for originally scheduling this hearing was to hear directly from the actual front line investigators about their official workings and findings. As the Committee responsible for overseeing the agencies and laws responsible for offshore energy production, it is our duty to get the full facts regarding the 'Deepwater Horizon' explosion and oil spill and the findings of the report. At our very first hearing this year this Committee heard testimony from the Co-Chairs of the President's own commission that he selected and he appointed, and it is only logical that we give the same attention to this official report. […] This report is an important piece of the puzzle that gives us deeper insight and greater clarity as to what caused the explosion that tragically took 11 lives and led to an oil spill that caused widespread impacts throughout the Gulf. The JIT [Joint Investigation Team] investigation is unique and important in many ways. While there have been several investigations and reports issued, this is the only investigative team that had subpoena power. This is the only investigative team comprised of technical engineers and experts, and this is the only investigative team that actually examined the blowout preventer." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Doc Hastings, Edward J. Markey, Bill Ambrose, James Bement, Michael R. Bromwich, Raymond C. Dempsey, Jr., James David Dykes, Hung Nguyen, Brian M. Salerno, Joseph R. Mason, and Randall S. Ogrydziak.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2012
• Intelligence Professionalism in the Americas

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  "Its subject is one that has been barely tackled anywhere else: What gives modern intelligence practitioners and their organizations their claims to professionalism, and what actually does this professionalism entail? Intelligence as an activity is partly a matter of special skills -- agent recruitment and running; cipher-breaking and other SIGINT techniques; imagery interpretation; and all the others -- but these merge into its broader professional canons for handling indications and evidence, drawing conclusions, and presenting these to decision-takers in ways that command attention while incorporating careful judgments of certainty and uncertainty. The intelligence professional is close to the policy adviser, but still keeps a certain distance from him. Intelligence's concern is with understanding and evaluating 'them,' rather different from the policy adviser's roots in 'us' and in what 'our' decisions should be. This book examines ways in which intelligence develops its characteristic standards of accuracy and duty. It considers the effects of formal legal codes and democratic oversight, but a principal conclusion emerging from it is the importance of professional training. Its implicit sub-text is indeed that standards of intelligence analysis and integrity should be properly taught, and not just caught by osmosis from one's seniors. At least for this British reader, the amount of formal analytic training in the relatively modest national intelligence systems described here is surprising and thought-provoking, perhaps salutary."

  National Defense Intelligence College (U.S.)

  Lemozy, Susana C.; Swenson, Russell G.

  2004
• Responsible Official Resource Manual

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  "The Federal Select Agents Program (FSAP) Resource Manual for the Responsible Official was created to assist the Responsible Official (RO) and the alternate Responsible Official (ARO) in carrying out the duties and responsibilities as defined in the Select Agent Regulations. The information is not intended to specify a particular solution for meeting the regulatory requirements, but instead to provide suggestions, ideas and a range of possible solutions. […] The purpose of the FSAP is to ensure that select agents and toxins are handled safely and securely and this assurance involves the implementation, monitoring and enforcement of the Select Agent and Toxins Regulations. In carrying out this purpose, the FSAP serves to protect the humans, animals and plants from those individuals or groups that would seek to use biological agents and toxins in such a way as to place human, animal, and plant health at risk. The objective of this resource manual is to promote biological laboratory biosafety and security by providing the RO and ARO with knowledge and tools useful to ensure compliance with the Select Agent and Toxin Regulations."

  Federal Select Agent Program (U.S.)

  2014-10
• Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2014 and the Future Years Defense Program, Hearings on S. 1197 to Authorize Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2014 for Military Activities of the Department of Defense, for Military Construction, and for Defense Activities of the Department of Energy, to Prescribe Military Personnel Strengths for Such Fiscal Year, and for Other Purposes, Before the Committee on Armed Services, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, March 19; April 9, 18, 23, 2013

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  These are the March 19, and April 9, 18, 23, 2013 hearings on "Emerging Threats and Capabilities: Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2014 and the Future Years Defense Program," held before the Senate Committee on Armed Services. Individual titles of the hearings are: March 19, 2013: "A Briefing on Cybersecurity Threats"; April 9, 2013: "Department of Defense Programs and Policies with Respect to Emerging Counterterrorism Threats"; April 18, 2013: "The Role the Department of Defense Science and Technology Enterprise for Innovation and Affordability"; and April 23, 2013: "Proliferation Prevention Programs at the Department of Energy and at the Department of Defense". Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: March 19, 2013: Kevin Mandia; April 9, 2013: Michael Sheehan, Derek Chollet, and William McRaven; April 18, 2013: Alan Shaffer, Arati Prabhakar, Mary Miller, Mary Lacey, and David Walker; and April 23, 2013: Madelyn Creedon, Kenneth Myers, and Anne Harrington. Other parts of this hearing collection include Part 1: https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=760869, Part 2:https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=760871, Part 3: https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=760872, Part 4: https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=760870, Part 6: https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=757652, and Part 7: https://www.hsdl.org/?mdt:abstract&did=757727.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2014
• S. Hrg. 112-847: Risks, Opportunities, and Oversight of Commercial Space, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Science and Space of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, June 20, 2012

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  This is the June 20, 2012 hearing on "Risks, Opportunities, and Oversight of Commercial Space" held before the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. From the opening statement of Bill Nelson: "[G]ood morning and thank you all for being here. This hearing is timely in the risks, opportunities, and oversight in commercial space considering the fact that SpaceX has had the success that they have, and by the end of the year, we expect to see Orbital Sciences launching with cargo to the Space Station as well. And so it is a time to step back and take a look at what is going on in the whole venture of commercial space, what we have learned, what the current issues are." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: William H. Gerstenmaier, Pamela Melroy, Gerald L. Dillingham, Michael N. Gold, and Michael Lopez-Alegria.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2014
• Water Quality Event Detection Systems for Drinking Water Contamination Warning Systems: Development, Testing, and Application of CANARY

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  "Following the events of September 11, 2001, EPA's mission was expanded to address critical needs related to homeland security. Presidential Directives identified EPA as the primary federal agency responsible for the country's water supplies and for decontamination following a chemical, biological, and/or radiological (CBR) attack. To provide scientific and technical support in meeting this expanded mission, EPA's National Homeland Security Research Center (NHSRC) was established. NHSRC is focused on conducting research and delivering products that improve the capability of the Agency to carry out its homeland security responsibilities. […]Over the last several years, NHSRC has been developing new methods to help design, implement, and evaluate drinking water contamination warning systems. These new systems integrate a variety of monitoring technologies to rapidly detect contamination. One important question for contamination warning system implementation is how to analyze water quality sensor data to determine if a contamination event has occurred in a water distribution network. Since water quality data are often noisy, it is difficult to visually determine if contaminants are present in the network. This publication summarizes a large body of research addressing event detection issues and provides critical information for water utilities considering how to analyze water quality data to detect contamination in their own distribution networks."

  United States. Environmental Protection Agency

  Murray, Regan; Haxton, Terra

  2010-05
• Guide to Developing Effective Standard Operating Procedures for Fire & EMS Departments

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  This guide to Developing Effective Standard Operating Procedures for Fire and EMS Departments is designed to assist emergency service managers in establishing effective standard operating procedures (SOPs) within their organizations. It will serve as a valuable resource for personnel seeking a clear understanding of operational issues, and will facilitate compliance with current laws, regulations, and standards related to the emergency services. The guide explains how SOPs can be developed, lists topic areas that should be covered, and describes various styles and formats.

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
• Afghanistan, Hearings before the Committee on Armed Services, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, First Session, December 2 and 8, 2009

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  From the opening statement of Carl Levin: "Today, the committee receives testimony from the President's senior advisors on his strategy in Afghanistan and Pakistan, which the President set out last evening. The United States has important security interests in the Afghanistan-Pakistan region. Instability in Afghanistan or the return of the Taliban to power would not only provide fertile ground for al Qaeda and other extremists to regroup and renew plots against the United States and its allies, but it would also threaten the stability of neighboring Pakistan, a nuclear-armed country. For the sake of our military men and women who are, or will be, deployed in harm's way, as well as the well-being of our Nation, we have to get the strategy right. Our purpose and our mission, what we are trying to accomplish, must be clear." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Carl Levin, John McCain, Robert M. Gates, Hillary Rodham Clinton, Michael G. Mullen, Stanley A. McChrystal, and Karl W. Eikenberry.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2010
• Unemployment Insurance: Transformation Needed to Address Program Design, Infrastructure, and Integrity Risks, Report to Congressional Addressees

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  From the Highlights: "A high-risk designation is intended to help spur progress in areas needing transformation. The UI [Unemployment Insurance] system has faced long-standing challenges with effective service delivery and program integrity. The historic levels of job loss during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic worsened existing challenges. Congress created four new UI programs to support workers during the pandemic. However, unprecedented demand for benefits and the need to quickly implement the new programs presented challenges for states and increased risks of improper payments, including from fraud. This report examines (1) challenges in responding to the needs of unemployed workers and economic changes; (2) risks of improper payments, including from fraud; (3) the extent to which UI experienced impaired performance and financial loss; and (4) potential options for UI transformation suggested by stakeholder panels. [...] GAO [Government Accountability Office] recommends that DOL [Department of Labor] develop and implement a plan for transforming UI that meets GAO's high-risk criteria for transformations. DOL agreed with the recommendation and described actions it is taking to address it."

  United States. Government Accountability Office

  2022-06
• Interagency Incident Business Management Handbook

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  "This handbook was developed under the auspices of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG). The NWCG was formed March 18, 1976, by cooperative agreement between the Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior. […] Uniform application of interagency policies and guidelines are necessary. Agencies will follow the direction set forth in this handbook in all incident business management functions except where specific agency legal mandates, policies, rules, or regulations direct otherwise. This handbook must be kept current and made available to incident and agency personnel. Changes to the handbook may be proposed by any agency for a variety of reasons; new law or regulation, legal interpretation or opinion, clarification of meaning, etc. If the proposed change is relevant to other agencies, the proponent agency should first obtain national headquarters review and concurrence before forwarding to the NWCG Incident Business Practices Working Team (IBPWT). The NWCG IBPWT will prepare draft NWCG amendments for all agencies to review before finalizing and distributing."

  National Wildfire Coordinating Group (U.S.)

  2004-04
• Global Economic Effects of COVID-19 [Updated January 8, 2021]

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  From the Summary: "In the months since the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] outbreak was first diagnosed, it has spread to over 200 countries and all U.S. states. The pandemic has negatively affected global economic growth beyond anything experienced in nearly a century. Estimates so far indicate the virus could reduce global economic growth to an annualized rate of -4.5% to -6.0% in 2020, with a partial recovery of a rate of 2.5% to 5.2% in 2021. [...] The full economic impact of the pandemic likely will remain unclear until the negative health effects peak. This report provides an overview of the global economic costs to date and the response by governments and international institutions to address these effects."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Jackson, James K., 1949-; Weiss, Martin A.; Schwarzenberg, Andres B. . . .

  2021-01-08
• Risk Management Series: Incremental Seismic Rehabilitation of Office Buildings: Providing Protection to People and Buildings

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  "This manual provides owners of office buildings, be they Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), pension funds, partnerships, individuals, or other forms of ownership, with the information necessary to assess the seismic vulnerability of their buildings and to implement a program of incremental seismic rehabilitation for those buildings. The manual consists of three parts: Critical Decisions for Earthquake Safety in Office Buildings, is for owner senior executives, board members, and policy makers who will decide on allocating resources for earthquake mitigation; Planning and Managing the Process for Earthquake Risk Reduction in Existing Office Buildings, is for facility managers, risk managers, and financial managers, or those responsible for these areas of management, who will initiate and manage seismic mitigation measures; and Tools for Implementing Incremental Seismic Rehabilitation in Existing Office Buildings, is for facility managers, or those otherwise responsible for facility management, who will implement incremental seismic rehabilitation programs."

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2003-12
• Risk Management Series: Incremental Seismic Rehabilitation of Office Buildings - Providing Protection to People and Buildings

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  "This manual provides owners of office buildings, be they Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), pension funds, partnerships, individuals, or other forms of ownership, with the information necessary to assess the seismic vulnerability of their buildings and to implement a program of incremental seismic rehabilitation for those buildings."

  United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency

  2003-12
• Chemical Weapons Rearmament and the Security of Europe: Can Support be Mustered

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  "This memorandum considers the current debate addressing the issue of US/NATO [Uniteds States/North Atlantic Treaty Organization] chemical weapons [CW] modernization and rearmament. The authors examine the arguments of those who support and oppose major new US chemical warfare initiatives such as the production of binary munitions. They conclude that the Soviet CW arsenal is substantial and discuss the flexibility and roles of chemical munitions in several likely circumstances. However, the authors maintain that a CW environment poses numerous risks and uncertainties to Soviet planners and that NATO's position is not so impotent as many believe. Citing the critical importance of the European allies' sensitivities on the CW issue, the authors recommend continued improvement in NATO's defensive CW stance, a low-key upgrading of the US chemical arsenal followed by the replacement of older munitions deployed in Europe, and a shift in the emphasis of current means of delivery."

  Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute

  Weinstein, John M.; Gole, Henry G.

  1983-01-20
• Dairy Industry Facilities Manual

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  "In the event of an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in the U.S., this Dairy Industry Facilities Manual will serve as a guideline for all partners in the National Animal Health Emergency Management System (NAHEMS), including USDA, States, the Veterinary Profession and the livestock industry. It is developed to be integrated into and consistent with the U.S. Emergency Response Plan System (USREPS) developed for USDA/APHIS/Veterinary Services. It is designed as a guideline for all NAHEMS partners and other interested parties to utilize in any animal health emergency involving the dairy industry in the U.S."

  United States. Department of Agriculture

  Sandra Amass

  2003-08
• Charleston, West Virginia, Chemical Spill, Field Hearing Before the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, Second Session, February 10, 2014

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  This is the February 10, 2014 field hearing on "The Charleston, West Virginia, Chemical Spill" held before the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. From the testimony of The Honorable Joe Manchin III, "On January 9, as has been said, a month ago yesterday, thousands of gallons of crude MCHM [4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol] leaked from a storage tank into the Elk River contaminating the drinking water of 300,000 West Virginians. In the immediate aftermath and the days since, I have been in continual contact with the CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] and the EPA [Environmental Protection Agency], trying to assist and help the State. I know the State has been in contact with them also, and I appreciate that. We will be hearing your testimonies on that today also. The CDC has determined that the water is appropriate--and I say the word 'appropriate'--to drink. I am not sure of the definition of 'appropriate,' but I am trying to get into that more, and I am sure you will be able to clear that up today also. […] The spill should have never have happened. There is no excuse for it. It really shouldn't have happened. And as Congress, it is our responsibility to do everything we can to keep it from happening again, not just in West Virginia, but anywhere in the United States of America. This is a wakeup call for this country. We were on the front end of this, but it is a wakeup call for the country." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Joe Manchin III, Rafael Moure-Eraso, Mike Dorsey, James A. Gianato, Letitia E. Tierney, Gordon Merry, Dale A. Petry and Jeffrey L. McIntyre.

  United States. Government Printing Office

  2014
• EPA Oversight: Unimplemented Inspector General and GAO Recommendations, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, First Session, September 6, 2017

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  This is the September 6, 2017 hearing "EPA Oversight: Unimplemented Inspector General and GAO Recommendations," held before the House Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. From the opening statement of Tim Murphy: "The subcommittee convenes this hearing today to examine unimplemented recommendations by the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Inspector General and Government Accountability Office. Acting on these recommendations would improve EPA's ability to carry out its core mission, protecting human health and the environment. This mission is never more important than during times of natural disaster like the one the Gulf Coast is experiencing right now in Hurricane Harvey, and we are about to be hit with another hurricane on the Florida coast." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Alan S. Larsen and J. Alfredo Gomez.

  United States. Government Publishing Office

  2018
• Partnering to Further Enhance Pipeline Safety in Communities through Risk-Informed Land Use Planning: Final Report of Recommended Practices

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  From the preface: "Over the past 70 years, a nationwide system of gathering, transmission, and distribution pipelines has been constructed to transport almost 100 percent of the natural gas and about 66 percent of the ton-miles of oil and refined petroleum products consumed in the United States. Many portions of the transmission pipelines were originally constructed in sparsely populated areas; subsequent growth has transformed some of these previously rural and sometimes remote areas into urban and suburban areas with housing subdivisions, shopping centers, and business parks. The goal of the Pipelines and Informed Planning Alliance (PIPA) is to reduce risks and improve the safety of affected communities and transmission pipelines through implementation of recommended practices related to risk-informed land use near transmission pipelines. The PIPA recommended practices describe actions that can be taken by key stakeholders relative to proposed changes in land use or new development adjacent to existing transmission pipelines. Local governments, property developers/owners, transmission pipeline operators, and state real estate commissions have key roles to enhance pipeline safety and ensure the protection of people, the environment and the pipeline infrastructure. [...] Approximately 130 stakeholder participants undertook the work to develop the PIPA recommended practices. The initial PIPA effort has resulted in recommended practices for local governments, property developers and owners, transmission pipeline operators, and real estate boards to be aware of and to implement as appropriate. PHMSA [Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration] plans to continue working with stakeholders to ensure that a sound implementation strategy is developed and that the PIPA recommended practices are communicated to and understood by those that need to adopt them."

  United States. Office of Pipeline Safety

  2010-11