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Public Law 110-56: An Act to authorize additional funds for emergency repairs and reconstruction of the Interstate I-35 bridge located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, that collapsed on August 1, 2007, to waive the $100,000,000 limitation on emergency relief funds for those emergency repairs and reconstruction, and for other purposes
"An Act to authorize additional funds for emergency repairs and reconstruction of the Interstate I-35 bridge located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, that collapsed on August 1, 2007, to waive the $100,000,000 limitation on emergency relief funds for those emergency repairs and reconstruction, and for other purposes."
United States. Government Printing Office
2007-08-06
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Highway Accident Report Collapse of I-35W Highway Bridge Minneapolis, Minnesota August 1, 2007
"About 6:05 p.m. central daylight time on Wednesday, August 1, 2007, the eight-lane, 1,907-foot-long I-35W highway bridge over the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, experienced a catastrophic failure in the main span of the deck truss. As a result, 1,000 feet of the deck truss collapsed, with about 456 feet of the main span falling 108 feet into the 15-foot-deep river. A total of 111 vehicles were on the portion of the bridge that collapsed. Of these, 17 were recovered from the water. As a result of the bridge collapse, 13 people died, and 145 people were injured. On the day of the collapse, roadway work was underway on the I-35W bridge, and four of the eight travel lanes (two outside lanes northbound and two inside lanes southbound) were closed to traffic. In the early afternoon, construction equipment and construction aggregates (sand and gravel for making concrete) were delivered and positioned in the two closed inside southbound lanes. The equipment and aggregates, which were being staged for a concrete pour of the southbound lanes that was to begin about 7:00 p.m., were positioned toward the south end of the center section of the deck truss portion of the bridge and were in place by about 2:30 p.m. About 6:05 p.m., a motion-activated surveillance video camera at the Lower St. Anthony Falls Lock and Dam, just west of the I-35W bridge, recorded a portion of the collapse sequence. The video showed the bridge center span separating from the rest of the bridge and falling into the river."
United States. National Transportation Safety Board
2008-11-14
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U.S. Fire Administration/Technical Report Series: I-35W Bridge Collapse and Response
This document is a report on the collapse of the Interstate 35W Mississippi River Bridge in Minneapolis and the subsequent rescue operations. The report gives a background of the collapse, the following fire and rescue response, the actions of emergency medical services, recovery operations, and overview of the Minneapolis Emergency Management System, Hazmat and environmental monitoring, and lessons learned and best practices.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States Fire Administration
2007-08?
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Highway Bridges: Conditions and the Federal/State Role [Updated July 15, 2008]
This CRS report, updated July 2008, discusses highway bridges. "The sudden failure and collapse of the I-35W Interstate System bridge in Minneapolis has raised policy concerns in Congress regarding the condition of the nation's transportation infrastructure in general, and in particular the federal role in funding, building, maintaining, and ensuring the safety of roads and especially bridges in the United States. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) expects to determine probable cause of the collapse by the end of 2008. An interim NTSB finding implicated a flaw in the original bridge design as a contributing factor. Of the 600,000 public road bridges listed in the National Bridge Inventory, roughly 12%, or 72,000, were classified as structurally deficient as of 2007. This is, however, roughly half the number classified as deficient in 1990. Given the I-35W collapse, however, even this lower number of deficient bridges leaves Americans potentially exposed to what some might consider an unacceptable level of risk. [...]. At current annual spending levels, roughly $10.5 billion (2004 dollars at all levels of government), the bridge investment backlog (in dollar terms) would be reduced by roughly half by 2024. Reducing the backlog to near zero during the same period would require an estimated annual spending rate of roughly $12.4 billion (in 2004 dollars). The Emergency Relief Program (ER), administered by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), provides funding for bridges damaged in natural disasters or by catastrophic failures. The program provides funds for emergency repairs immediately after the failure to restore essential traffic, as well as for longer-term permanent repairs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kirk, Robert S.; Mallett, William
2008-07-15
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Highway Bridges: Conditions and the Federal/State Role [August 10, 2007]
"The sudden failure and collapse of the I-35W Interstate System bridge in Minneapolis has raised policy concerns in Congress regarding the condition of the nation's transportation infrastructure in general, and in particular the federal role funding, building, maintaining, and ensuring the safety of roads and especially bridges in the United States. Highway bridges are of particular interest both because of the recent tragedy in Minneapolis and the catastrophic results of a major bridge failure, in terms of loss of life and economic impact. Of the 600,000 public road bridges listed in the National Bridge Inventory, roughly 12%, or 74,000, are classified as structurally deficient. This is, however, roughly half the number classified as deficient in 1990. Given the I-35W collapse, however, even this lower number of deficient bridges leaves Americans potentially exposed to what some might consider an unacceptable level of risk. A policy question is how fast can and should the remaining deficient bridges be replaced or improved. At current annual spending levels, roughly $10.5 billion (2004 dollars at all levels of government), the bridge investment backlog (in dollar terms) would be reduced by roughly half by 2024. Reducing the backlog to near zero during the same period would require an estimated annual spending rate of roughly $12.4 billion (in 2004 dollars). The Emergency Relief Program (ER), administered by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), provides funding for bridges damaged in natural disasters or that were subject to catastrophic failures."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kirk, Robert S.; Mallett, William
2007-08-10
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Highway Bridges: Conditions and the Federal/State Role [Updated January 31, 2008]
"The sudden failure and collapse of the I-35W Interstate System bridge in Minneapolis has raised policy concerns in Congress regarding the condition of the nation's transportation infrastructure in general, and in particular the federal role in funding, building, maintaining, and ensuring the safety of roads and especially bridges in the United States. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) expects to determine probable cause of the collapse by the end of 2008. An interim NTSB finding implicated a flaw in the original bridge design as a contributing factor. Of the 600,000 public road bridges listed in the National Bridge Inventory, roughly 12%, or 72,000, were classified as structurally deficient as of 2007. This is, however, roughly half the number classified as deficient in 1990. Given the I-35W collapse, however, even this lower number of deficient bridges leaves Americans potentially exposed to what some might consider an unacceptable level of risk. […]. At current annual spending levels, roughly $10.5 billion (2004 dollars at all levels of government), the bridge investment backlog (in dollar terms) would be reduced by roughly half by 2024. Reducing the backlog to near zero during the same period would require an estimated annual spending rate of roughly $12.4 billion (in 2004 dollars). The Emergency Relief Program (ER), administered by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), provides funding for bridges damaged in natural disasters or by catastrophic failures. The program provides funds for emergency repairs immediately after the failure to restore essential traffic, as well as for longer-term permanent repairs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kirk, Robert S.; Mallett, William
2008-01-31
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Adequacy of the U10 & L11 Gusset Plate Designs for the Minnesota Bridge No. 9340 (I-35W over the Mississippi River) - Interim Report
"The I-35W Bridge over the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, MN had 14 spans and a total length of 1,907 feet. The primary structure of this bridge was a variable depth steel deck truss of 1,064 feet in length that carried I-35W over the river and gorge. On August 1, 2007 a failure in the river span of the deck truss caused a complete collapse of the entire truss structure and some of the approach spans resulting in the tragic loss of 13 public motorist lives. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is the primary agency investigating this failure to determine a probable cause. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is assisting and collaborating with both the on-site and broader activities of the NTSB investigators. The FHWA team consists of personnel from the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center (TFHRC), the Office of Bridge Technology (HIBT), the Resource Center (RC) and several Division offices. One of the tasks performed by the FHWA team was a review and assessment of the original bridge design calculations by Sverdrup & Parcel. This report will focus on the findings of this assessment unique to the gusset plate design methodology used for the primary truss and more specifically the design of the gusset plates at locations U10 and L11. The initial on-site investigation of the collapsed structure identified the failure of the U10 gusset plates as occurring early in the event. The L11 gusset plates are detailed similarly to those at U10."
United States. Federal Highway Administration
2008-01-11
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S. Hrg. 110-1154: Examine the Condition of Our Nation's Bridges, Hearing Before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session, September 20, 2007
From the opening statement of Barbara Boxer: "What I would like to do because this hearing is so important and I so appreciate everyone being here, we are going to look at the condition of our Nation's bridges. Of course, for those who may not know this, it includes the overpasses as well. The highway overpasses are included in the definition of bridges. Because during the evening rush hour on August 1st, the I--35 West bridge in Minneapolis collapsed, sending dozens of cars into the Mississippi River, we all focused and prayed for that tragedy to cause minimal loss of life. Sadly, 13 people lost their lives, but it did serve as an urgent wake-up call to us that we cannot neglect our Nation's infrastructure." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Barbara Boxer; James M. Inhofe; Joseph I. Lieberman; Johnny Isakson; Thomas Carper; John Barrasso; Frank R. Lautenberg; Lamar Alexander; Bernie Sanders; Christopher Bond; Sheldon Whitehouse; Amy Klobuchar; Norm Coleman; Mary E. Peters; Calcin L. Scovel III; Kirk T. Steudle; Andrew Herrmann; Larry W. Frevert; The Associated General Contractors of America; Trini Brassard; Map, Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Structurally Deficient Bridges on the National Highway System Georgia; and Chart, Bridge Condition Rating Categories.
United States. Government Printing Office
2012
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Repairing and Reconstructing Disaster-Damaged Roads and Bridges: The Role of Federal-Aid Highway Assistance [March 31, 2008]
"Most of the major highways and bridges damaged during the 2005 Gulf of Mexico Hurricanes as well as the I-35W bridge in Minneapolis, MN, which collapsed suddenly on August 1, 2007, are part of the federal-aid highway system and are therefore eligible for assistance under the Emergency Relief Program (ER) of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Following a natural disaster or catastrophic failure (such as the I-35W bridge), ER funds are made available for both emergency repairs and restoring the federal-aid highway facility to pre-disaster conditions."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kirk, Robert S.
2008-03-31
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Emergency Relief Program: Federal-Aid Highway Assistance for Disaster-Damaged Roads and Bridges [September 23, 2011]
"The major highways and bridges damaged during Hurricane Irene in 2011and the I-35W bridge collapse in Minneapolis of August 1, 2007 are part of the federal-aid highway system and were therefore eligible for assistance under the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA's) Emergency Relief Program (ER). Following a natural disaster or catastrophic failure (such as the I-35W bridge), ER funds are made available for both emergency repairs and restoration of federal-aid highway facilities to pre-disaster conditions. The ER program is administered through the state departments of transportation in close coordination with FHWA's division offices (there is one in each state). Although ER is a federal program, the decision to seek ER funding is made by the state, not by the federal government. Most observers see the close and ongoing relationship between the FHWA's staff at the state level and their state counterparts as facilitating a quick coordinated response to disasters. The program is funded by an annual $100 million authorization from the highway trust fund and general fund appropriations that are provided by Congress on a such sums as necessary basis."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kirk, Robert S.
2011-09-23
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram 16-08 [April 24, 2008]
In the context of this document, 'Interstate 35 West' will be abbreviated 'I-35W'; 'Chemical Safety Board' will be abbreviated 'CSB'; and 'Emergency Services Sector' will be abbreviated 'ESS.' The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector.This issue includes the following articles: "Protecting Law Enforcement Personnel"; "Report on the I-35W Bridge Collapse in Minneapolis"; "CSB Hazardous Waste Case Study"; and "ESS Fights Chemical Hazard."
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2008-04-24
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Assessing the Vulnerability of Large Critical Infrastructure Using Fully-Coupled Blast Effects Modeling
"Structural failures, such as the MacArthur Maze I-880 overpass in Oakland, California and the I-35 bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota, are recent examples of our national infrastructure's fragility and serve as an important reminder of such infrastructure in our everyday lives. These two failures, as well as the World Trade Center's collapse and the levee failures in New Orleans, highlight the national importance of protecting our infrastructure as much as possible against acts of terrorism and natural hazards. This paper describes a process for evaluating the vulnerability of critical infrastructure to large blast loads using a fully-coupled finite element approach. A description of the finite element software and modeling technique is discussed along with the experimental validation of the numerical tools. We discuss how such an approach can be used for specific problems such as modeling the progressive collapse of a building."
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Noble, Charles R.; McMichael, Larry D.; Margraf, Jonathan D.
2009-03-30
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Surface Transportation: Investment Needs and the Budget, Hearing Before the Committee on the Budget, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session, October 25, 2007
From the opening statement of John M. Spratt: "This is a hearing on the surface transportation system of this country, the investment needs and the budgetary resources to meet those needs. […] As this Committee continues to consider the nation's fiscal challenges, our nation's infrastructure, its highways, its bridges, its transit systems are a vitally important topic. Surface transportation programs affect our economy. They affect our safety. They affect our quality of life. So it is important to understand what the needs are and what the options are for meeting these needs. With a new highway bill on the not-too-distant horizon, these issues take on an even greater element. This Committee in particular will need to examine this issue when resolving our decisions about our fiscal year 2009 budget resolution. The collapse of the I-35 bridge in Minneapolis in August raises the question of what level of resources do we need to be sure that our infrastructure is up to minimal standards." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: John M. Spratt, Paul Ryan, Earl Blumenauer, Pete Ruane, Adrian Smith, Mary E. Peters, Robert A. Sunshine, Janet F. Kavinoky, and Robert Puentes.
United States. Government Printing Office
2008
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Aging Infrastructure: Dam Safety [Updated March 25, 2008]
"While dams have multiple benefits (balanced against financial and environmental costs), they can also present a risk to public safety and economic infrastructure. This risk stems from two sources: the possibility of a dam failure and the damage it would cause. Although dam failures are infrequent, age, construction deficiencies, inadequate maintenance, and seismic or weather events contribute to the possibility. To reduce the risk, regular inspections are necessary to identify potential problems. Corrective action can then be taken to remedy those deficiencies. Congress is often called upon to fund remedial actions, as a way to prevent the larger catastrophes. The 110th Congress will likely see proposals for improving dam safety and may oversee existing safety programs. […]. The federal agencies with dam safety responsibilities include the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), and the Departments of Agriculture, Defense, Energy, the Interior, Labor, and State. […]. The collapse of the I-35W bridge in Minnesota highlighted the potential for unexpected infrastructure failure. This may result in a review of the safety of other elements of our nation's inventory of critical infrastructure such as dams, levees, tunnels, and bridges -- and a call for additional funding to resolve any deficiencies. Congress has periodically been urged to provide federal support for rehabilitation work at nonfederal dams. Demand for such assistance is likely to increase, but currently no federal policy describes the conditions under which federal funding is appropriate, nor has Congress established criteria for prioritizing funding among nonfederal projects."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Lane, Nic
2008-03-25
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S. Hrg. 113-73: America's Crumbling Infrastructure and How to Fix It, Hearing Before the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, July 24, 2013
This July 24, 2013 hearing, "America's Crumbling Infrastructure and How to Fix It," before the U.S. Congress Joint Economic Committee. From the opening statement of Amy Klobuchar: "If you look back through American history, many of the greatest periods of growth and progress were made possible by historic investments in infrastructure. We connected the East and the West Coasts by rail in 1869, ushering in the Second Industrial Revolution. We began building the interstate highway system in the 1950s, connecting our country and our economy in ways never before possible…and we did it, by the way, with a Democratic Congress and Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower in the White House. America is the country it is today because we've been willing to invest in the foundations for growth, innovation and commerce. In recent years, however, we've fallen behind. The World Economic Forum ranked American infrastructure 6th in the world in its 2007-2008 report. Five years later, we have slipped to 25th place. The cracks in our broken transportation system became tragically clear in my home state on the afternoon of August 1, 2007, when the I-35W bridge collapsed into the Mississippi River...taking the lives of thirteen and injuring many more." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Edward G. Rendell, Robert Poole, Robert Puentes, Chris Edwards, and Amy Klobuchar.
United States. Government Printing Office
2013
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S. Hrg. 110-1237: A Hearing to Receive the Report of the National Surface Transportation Policy and Revenue Study Commission: Hearing Before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Second Session, January 31, 2008
This is the January 31, 2008 hearing, "A Hearing to Receive the Report of the National Surface Transportation Policy and Revenue Study Commission," held before the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works. From the opening statement of Barbara Boxer: "On August 1st, 2007, the collapse of the I--35 West bridge in Minneapolis claimed the life of 13 and injured 145 people. This tragedy served as an urgent wake-up call that we can't neglect our Nation's crumbling infrastructure. The current highway, transit and highway safety programs of SAFETEA-LU [Safe Accountable Flexible Efficient Transportation Equity Act - A Legacy for Users] expire at the end of 2009, as we all know. Today we begin our process of developing a new authorization for those programs. As we prepare for this new authorization, it is clear that continuing the current programs at their current funding levels is not sustainable and will not fix our Nation's crumbling infrastructure, will not meet the needs of our growing economy and will not adequately address growing congestion. With increased investment, we can improve goods movement, reduce congestion, improve air quality and quality of life and provide the necessary infrastructure to support our growing economy." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Barbara Boxer, James M. Inhofe, Johnny Isakson, Lamar Alexander, John Barrasso, Christopher Bond, George Voinovich, Larry Craig, Joseph Lieberman, Jack L. Schenendorf, Frank Busalacchi, Matthew K. Rose, Thomas R. Carper, and Tom Skancke.
United States. Government Printing Office
2014
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