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Interim Report on NEHRP Performance Measures
"This interim report describes the work carried out by the Interagency Coordinating Committee (ICC) Subcommittee on Performance Measures (the Subcommittee) from December 2004 through May 2005. The objective of the Subcommittee was to develop performance measures for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP). The four agencies participating in the NEHRP are the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA); the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); the National Science Foundation (NSF); and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Two primary factors shaped the work of the Subcommittee: federal requirements relating to performance measurement and congressional legislation pertaining to the NEHRP. [...] The Subcommittee concluded that a multi-tiered approach to performance assessment would make the most sense for the NEHRP. Under such an approach, the performance measurement system could include short-term, quantitative measures of outputs or processes; intermediate-term measures that report on efforts in progress; and long-term measures focused on outcomes. [...] To evaluate the suitability of existing or new measures for the NEHRP, the Subcommittee developed a conceptual framework for performance measurement. This framework classifies and describes performance goals and measures using the following eight-level taxonomy: mission, strategic goal, strategic objective, performance segment, agency, period of performance, performance goal, and performance measure. [...] The specifications presented in this report represent an initial attempt to develop performance measures that are appropriate and feasible for the NEHRP."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-12
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Presenting... Tommy Tsunami and Ernie Earthquake
This coloring book may be used to help educate children and provide safety tips about how to prepare for an earthquake or tsunami.
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2005-11-30?
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Community Development Block Grant Funds in Disaster Relief and Recovery [October 19, 2005]
From the Summary: "In the aftermath of previous, presidentially-declared disasters, Congress has used the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program to help states and local governments finance recovery efforts, whether from natural or man-made disasters. Congress has appropriated supplemental CDBG funds to assist states and communities recover from such natural disasters as hurricanes, earthquakes, and tornadoes. In addition, CDBG funds have supported recovery efforts of New York City following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Oklahoma City following the bombing of the Alfred Murrah Building in 1995, and the city and county of Los Angeles following the riots of 1992. In response to these calamities, CDBG funds have been made available for short-term relief efforts, mitigation actions, and long-term recovery, and have been used to provide housing and business assistance, infrastructure reconstruction, and public services. This report will provide a general overview of the CDBG program and its use in disaster relief. This report will be updated as events warrant."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Boyd, Eugene
2005-10-19
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National Infrastructure Advisory Council (NIAC): Meeting Agenda, October 11, 2005
The following are the Meeting notes for the National Infrastructure Advisory Council (NIAC) on Tuesday, October 11, 2005. "Secretary Chertoff thanked the Chairman and Vice Chairman for their praise. The Secretary said the spate of recent natural catastrophes, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, the earthquake in Pakistan, and the devastating Central American floods are all sober reminders of the challenges faced by the U.S.. Clearly, some of these challenges are natural, but it is important to remember many are man-made. He stated the Council's work is crucial in making America safer. Specifically, the Sector Partnership Model and Intelligence Coordination Working Group are both topics that have become increasingly important in light of last quarter's events. Intelligence sharing is a vital subject and is being discussed by the Council for reasons such as the July 7, 2005 London subway bombings and the recent mass transit scare in New York City. In situations like the London bombings, it is imperative that information flows accurately and freely between everyone with a role. At the same time, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita indicated how deeply bound the national response capability is to the private sector. This illuminates the importance of the Sector Partnership Model. One important facet of Infrastructure Protection is resilience. Part of what protects infrastructure is the ability to work around damage and to bounce back after it has been inflicted. It is obvious that studying this issue and developing fluid and robust relationships are critical to handle a wide range of threats. The ability to restore electricity to the gulf coast has been pivotal in enabling evacuees to return to their homes. The return of power to the region has a cascading effect across the country; the sooner the Gulf Coast regains electricity, the faster people can get back to their homes. When the displaced are able to return, this alleviates the concern for temporary shelter and relocation to other parts of the country."
National Infrastructure Advisory Council (U.S.)
Nye, Erle A.; Chambers, John T.; Wong, Nancy J.
2005-10-11
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Technology Developments in Real-Time Tsunami Measuring, Monitoring and Forecasting
"Fast, accurate tsunami forecasts are an essential component of an effective tsunami warning system. Decision- makers at Tsunami Warning Centers must assess the hazard to coastal communities by rapidly collecting and interpreting earthquake and sea-level data. The stakes are high: A missed warning could devastate entire regions and needless evacuations are expensive, dangerous and erode confidence in the warning system. Tsunami forecasting technology under development at NOAA/PMEL is based on the welltested approach used in many other forecast systems--i.e., the integration of real-time measurement and modeling technologies. Real-time monitoring and measurement of sea-level data in the deep ocean is presently made by a seven-station network of DART (Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis) systems. DART II is a new generation system that will have additional features and capabilities to aid the forecasting ability of Tsunami Warning Centers. As a result of the devastating impact of the 26 December 2004 Sumatra tsunami and the proven value of the DART array, the number of network stations will be increased to 39 by mid-2007."
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.)
Gonzalez, Frank I.; Meinig, Christian; Stalin, Scott
2005-09-19
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Testimony of Pete Wilson, former Governor of California, before the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
Testimony before a hearing entitled, Recovering from Hurricane Katrina: the Next Phase. Wilson details lessons learned by California officials following the 1994 Northridge Earthquake and the 1997 floods throughout the State.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
2005-09-14
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Tax Deductions for Catastrophic Risk Insurance Reserves: Explanation and Economic Analysis [September 2, 2005]
"In the wake of Hurricane Katrina that struck several states along the Gulf of Mexico on August 29, 2005, the attention of policymakers in Congress and elsewhere has turned to the subject of insurance for large catastrophic risks, including natural disasters such as hurricanes and earthquakes. The generally perceived increase in the incidence of major catastrophes and their increasingly costly nature has prompted some analysts to question whether the economy's market for catastrophe insurance is sufficient to meet the burdens of major catastrophes: does the market provide a sufficient amount of insurance against major catastrophes, or is there a shortage? And, to the extent that catastrophe insurance exists, are the insuring firms sufficiently capitalized so that widespread insolvencies would not occur? Some have suggested that federal action is advisable to make sure that insurance industry resources are adequate to ensure the availability and affordability of disaster insurance and payment of claims when disasters occur."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
King, Rawle O.; Brumbaugh, David
2005-09-02
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When Earthquake Shaking Begins... Drop, Cover, and Hold
This is a public service informational poster that recommends to take cover if you experience an earthquake.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-09
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Earthquake Home Hazard Hunt
"This poster has information for you and your family to help you find and fix areas of your home that might be damaged in an earthquake and that might injure family members during an earthquake. Information is also provided on planning for an earthquake and safety steps you can take during and after an earthquake. Your earthquake home hazard hunt should begin with all family members participating. Foresight, imagination, and common sense are all that are needed as you go from room to room imagining what would happen if the earth and house started shaking. Anything that can move, break, or fall when your house starts to shake is a potential hazard."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-09
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Promoting Seismic Safety: Guidance for Advocates
"This booklet offers research-based advice to assist seismic safety advocates in presenting risk reduction information and ideas. It includes a collection if concise tips for advocates, organized into the following topics: successful seismic safety advocacy; earthquake basics; ABCs of seismic building codes; policies and legislation; appearing before committees; informing and persuading; partnerships for seismic safety; effective risk communication; using the media; and further reading."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-09
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Earthquake Safety Guide for Homeowners
"The Homeowner's Guide to Earthquake Safety was originally developed and published by the California Seismic Safety Commission. This modified version of the Guide was developed by FEMA in cooperation with the California Seismic Safety Commission staff. The original guide was prepared for publication by the staff of the Collaborative for Disaster Mitigation, San Jose State University. [...] The effects, descriptions, recommendations, and suggestions included in this document are intended to improve earthquake preparedness; however, they do not guarantee the safety of an individual or a structure. FEMA takes responsibility for the inclusion of material in this document. FEMA and the California Seismic Safety Commission assume no liability for any injury, death, property damage, loss of revenue, or any other effect of an earthquake."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. Department of Homeland Security
2005-09
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Eoc Management: Appendix A--Respond Mission: Emergency Operations Center Management
"This capability is applicable to all scenarios in which the incident is a large-scale event requiring the establishment of a command center away from the incident site. While applicable to all 15 National Planning Scenarios, the Capability Targets for a
single incident are based primarily on the Improvised Nuclear Devise (IND) scenario
because it was considered most encompassing for an Emergency Operations Center
(EOC) stand-up and response to minimize the impact and to manage the incident.
Earthquake was considered the next most encompassing. The 15 possible scenarios
were rated in order of most encompassing from most to least. "
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2005-08-15?
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Earthquake Safety Activities for Children and Teachers
This document provides ready-to-use, hands-on activities for students and teachers explaining what happens during an earthquake, how to prepare for earthquake shaking, and how to stay safe during and after an earthquake.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-08
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Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems [Updated June 1, 2005]
"Some in Congress are concerned about the possible vulnerability of U.S. coastal areas to tsunamis, and about the adequacy of early warning for coastal areas of the western Atlantic Ocean. This stems from the December 26, 2004, tsunami that devastated many coastal areas around the northern Indian Ocean, where few tsunami early warning systems currently operate. The tsunami was caused by a strong underwater earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The earthquake and tsunami together are estimated to have claimed as many as 300,000 lives. Affected nations, assisted by others, are pursuing multilateral efforts through the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) to develop a regional tsunami detection and warning network that would guard coastal populations around the Indian Ocean. Those efforts would coincide with the United States goal of upgrading and expanding its tsunami detection and early warning network."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Morrissey, Wayne A.
2005-06-01
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Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems [Updated May 16, 2005]
"Some in Congress are concerned about the possible vulnerability of U.S. coastal areas to tsunamis, and about the adequacy of early warning for coastal areas of the western Atlantic Ocean. This stems from the December 26, 2004, tsunami that devastated many coastal areas around the northern Indian Ocean, where few tsunami early warning systems currently operate. The tsunami was caused by a strong underwater earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The earthquake and tsunami together are estimated to have claimed as many as 300,000 lives. Affected nations, assisted by others, are pursuing multilateral efforts through the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) to develop a regional tsunami detection and warning network that would guard coastal populations around the Indian Ocean. Those efforts would coincide with the United States goal of upgrading and expanding its tsunami detection and early warning network."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Morrissey, Wayne A.
2005-05-16
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Aceh Community-Based Recovery Initiative
Outlines USAID's strategy for recovery in Aceh following the 2004 earthquake and ensuing tsunami.
United States. Agency for International Development
2005-05-12?
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Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety: Earthquake Analysis and Design of Dams
"These guidelines provide a basic framework for the earthquake design and evaluation of dams.
The general philosophy and principles for each part of the framework are described in sufficient
detail to achieve a reasonable degree of uniformity in application among the Federal agencies
involved in the planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and regulation of dams.
The guidelines deal only with the general concepts and leave the decisions on specific criteria
and procedures for accomplishing this work up to each agency. Because these guidelines
generally reflect current practices, it will be necessary to make periodic revisions, additions, and
deletions to incorporate state-of-the-practice earthquake engineering."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-05
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Federal Guidelines for Dam Safety: Earthquake Analyses and Design of Dams
"These guidelines provide a basic framework for the earthquake design and evaluation of dams. The general philosophy and principles for each part of the framework are described in sufficient detail to achieve a reasonable degree of uniformity in application among the Federal agencies involved in the planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and regulation of dams. The guidelines deal only with the general concepts and leave the decisions on specific criteria and procedures for accomplishing this work up to each agency. Because these guidelines generally reflect current practices, it will be necessary to make periodic revisions, additions, and deletions to incorporate state-of-the-practice earthquake engineering."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-05
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Integrating Historic Property and Cultural Resource Considerations into Hazard Mitigation Planning: State and Local Mitigation Planning How-To Guide
"Although a new and evolving concept, the importance of integrating historic property and cultural resource considerations into mitigation planning has been made all too apparent in disasters that have occurred in recent years, such as the Northridge earthquake in California, or the Midwest floods. The effects of a disaster can be wide-ranging"from human casualty to property damage to the disruption of governmental, social, and economic activity. Often not considered, however, are the potentially devastating effects of disasters on historic properties and cultural resources. Historic buildings and structures, artwork, monuments, family heirlooms, and historic documents are often irreplaceable, and may be lost forever in a disaster if not considered in the mitigation planning process. The loss of these resources is all the more painful and ironic considering how often residents rely on their presence after a disaster, to reinforce connections with neighbors and the larger community, and to seek comfort in the aftermath of a disaster."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2005-05
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Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems [Updated April 21, 2005]
"Some in Congress are concerned about the possible vulnerability of U.S. coastal
areas to tsunamis, and about the adequacy of early warning for coastal areas of the western Atlantic Ocean. This stems from the December 26, 2004, tsunami that
devastated many coastal areas around the northern Indian Ocean, where few tsunami early warning systems currently operate. The tsunami was caused by a strong underwater earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia; and together, the earthquake and tsunami are estimated to have claimed as many as 300,000 lives. Affected nations, assisted by others, are pursuing multilateral efforts through the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) to develop a
regional tsunami detection and warning network that would guard coastal populations around the Indian Ocean. Those efforts would coincide with the United States' goal of upgrading and expanding its tsunami detection and early warning network."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Morrissey, Wayne A.
2005-04-21
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Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami: Food Aid Needs and the U.S. Response [Updated April 8, 2005]
From the Summary: "On December 26, 2004, an undersea earthquake of magnitude 9.0 off the coast of Aceh Province (Sumatra) in Indonesia set off a series of large tidal waves across the Indian Ocean region.1 In all, 12 countries were hit by wave surges, with the brunt of the impact in coastal communities in Indonesia, the Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. The death toll has been estimated at 140,000-200,000. An estimated 2 million people are in urgent need of food aid. Thus far, the United States, other countries, and international organizations have pledged over $4 billion in emergency assistance. The U.S. pledged contribution, including food aid valued at $34.6 million, currently stands at $350 million. H.R. 1268, the FY2005 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, which passed the House on March 16, 2005, provides an additional $656 million for tsunami relief, some of which could be used for food aid. The Senate appropriations committee reported its version of FY2005 emergency supplemental appropriations with the same amount for tsunami relief. Prior to the Indian Ocean disaster, U.S. and global food aid resources were facing considerable demand for emergency food aid to respond to urgent needs, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Congress may be confronted with a number of interrelated food aid issues early in the 109th Congress, including reconciling emergency and non-emergency uses of food aid, determining the U.S. share of global food aid for tsunami victims as well as other food-insecure people in Africa and elsewhere, and funding alternatives for U.S. emergency and non-emergency food aid. This report will be updated."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hanrahan, Charles
2005-04-08
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Tsunamis and Earthquakes: Is Federal Disaster Insurance in Our Future? [April 6, 2005]
"Members of the 109th Congress might opt to examine the affordability and availability of natural disaster insurance for homeowners, and consider proposals for improving insurers' access to capital in the reinsurance, banking, and securities markets in order to ensure adequate capacity and solvency of the industry to meet consumer needs. Some of the policy questions that might arise are: What quid pro quo would taxpayers get for providing a financial backstop for the insurance industry? What is the role of state insurance departments vis-a-vis federal control? Is current insurance regulation conducive to creating private sector incentives for mitigation? Who subsidizes whom? These are just some of the policy questions that the 109th Congress might be called upon to debate in considering proposals to establish a federal catastrophe reinsurance program."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
King, Rawle O.
2005-04-06
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Cooperation Between Defense and Other Agencies
Introduction by Rear Admiral (Retired) John F. Sigler. Initial Reactions: Coordinating with the First Responders presented by Brig. Gen. Craig T. Boddington. Promoting Stability and Capability: Regional Cooperative Initiatives presented by Mr. Paul Malik. Turkish Earthquakes: Response, Lessons Learned, New Procedures and Mechanisms presented by Professor Mustafa Erdik. Medical Responses presented by Dr. Abdul Wahab Al-Mosleh. As we move closer to the workshops that will build upon the work started in Oman in 2000, we have seen some common threads in our discussions so far on Environmental Security. First, events can occur in our environment, whether natural or man-made, that can have a significant impact upon national and regional security. Second, prior planning, preparation and information sharing are absolutely critical to having an adequate response. Finally, because of our unique capabilities, militaries have a valid role in preventing where possible, and responding where necessary, to environmental crises. Sometimes the military will be in charge, with multiple other agencies involved. Quite often the military will be supporting the other agencies, both governmental and non-governmental, that are responding to the crisis. This panel further addresses this last point. In prior planning, preparation and execution, coordination between military and civil organizations is critical.
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
2005-04
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Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems [Updated March 15, 2005]
"Recently, some in Congress have become concerned about the possible vulnerability of U.S. coastal areas to tsunamis, and about the adequacy of early warning for coastal areas of the western Atlantic Ocean. Those concerns stem from the December 26, 2004, tsunami that devastated many coastal areas around the northern Indian Ocean, where few tsunami early warning systems currently operate. Caused by a strong underwater earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, the tsunami disaster is estimated to have claimed as many as 300,000 lives. Affected nations, assisted by others, are pursuing a multilateral effort through the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) to develop an international tsunami detection and warning network that would guard coastal populations in the greater region of the Indian Ocean. Those efforts would coincide with the United States' effort to upgrade and expand its tsunami detection and warning network."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Morrissey, Wayne A.
2005-03-15
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Did You Feel It? Citizens Contribute to Earthquake Science
"Since the early 1990s, the magnitude and location of an earthquake have been available within minutes on the Internet. Now, as a result of work by the U.S. Geological Survey and with the cooperation of various regional seismic networks, people who experience an earthquake can go online and share information about its effects to help create a map of shaking intensities and damage. Such 'Community Internet Intensity Maps' (CIIMs) contribute greatly toward the quick assessment of the scope of an earthquake emergency and provide valuable data for earthquake research."
United States. Department of the Interior; Geological Survey (U.S.)
2005-03
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Disaster Preparedness: Anticipating the Worst Case Scenario
"Effective disaster preparedness planning at the national and regional levels is a 'high payoff' investment that governments can make in anticipation of large-scale natural or man-made disasters. The 2005 Indonesian area earthquake and tsunami and the resulting national, regional, and international response efforts energized the nations of South Asia to take a serious look at their disaster preparedness planning processes and at the critical gaps exposed by the magnitude of the disaster."
Army War College (U.S.). Center for Strategic Leadership
Griffard, Bernard F.; Bradshaw, Art
2005-03
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Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems [Updated February 18, 2005]
"Recently, some in Congress have become concerned about the possible vulnerability of U.S. coastal areas to tsunamis, and about the adequacy of early warning for coastal areas of the western Atlantic Ocean. Those concerns stem from the December 26, 2004, tsunami that devastated many coastal areas around the northern Indian Ocean, where few tsunami early warning systems currently operate. Caused by a strong underwater earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, the tsunami disaster is estimated to have claimed as many as 300,000 lives. Affected nations, assisted by others, are pursuing a multilateral effort through the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) to develop an international tsunami detection and warning network that would guard coastal populations in the greater region of the Indian Ocean. Those efforts would coincide with the United States' effort to upgrade and expand its tsunami detection and warning network."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Morrissey, Wayne A.
2005-02-18
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Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunamis: Food Aid Needs and the U.S. Response [Updated February 16, 2005]
"On December 26, 2004, an undersea earthquake of magnitude 9.0 off the coast of Aceh Province (Sumatra) in Indonesia set off a series of large tsunamis across the Indian Ocean region. In all, 12 countries were hit by wave surges, with the brunt of the impact in coastal communities in Indonesia, the Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. The death toll has been estimated at 140,000-200,000. It is believed that between 3 and 5 million people have been affected, including those displaced, or who have lost their homes and livelihoods. An estimated 2 million people are in urgent need of food aid. Thus far, the United States, other countries, and international organizations have pledged over $4 billion in emergency assistance. The U.S. pledged contribution, including food aid valued at $34.5 million, currently stands at $350 million. The President requested, on February 14, 2005, an additional $701 million in supplemental appropriations for tsunami relief, some of which could be used for food aid. Prior to the Indian Ocean disaster, U.S. and global food aid resources were facing considerable demand for emergency food aid to respond to urgent needs, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Congress may be confronted with a number of interrelated food aid issues early in the 109th Congress, including reconciling emergency and non-emergency uses of food aid, determining the U.S. share of global food aid for tsunami victims as well as other food-insecure people in Africa and elsewhere, and funding alternatives for U.S. emergency and non-emergency food aid. This report will be updated."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hanrahan, Charles
2005-02-16
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Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami: Humanitarian Assistance and Relief Operations [Updated February 10, 2005]
"On December 26, 2004, a magnitude 9.0 undersea earthquake off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia, unleashed a tsunami that affected more than 12 countries throughout south and southeast Asia and stretched as far as the northeastern African coast. Current official estimates indicate that more than 160,000 people are dead and millions of others are affected, including those injured, missing, or displaced, making this the deadliest tsunami on record. News reports suggest that the death toll may be well above 200,000. Sections of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand have suffered the worst devastation. Eighteen Americans are confirmed dead, with another sixteen presumed dead, and 153 remain unaccounted for. In response, the United Nations, the United States, and other donor nations have organized what some have called the worlds largest relief and recovery operation to date. President Bush pledged $350 million in aid and mobilized the U.S. military to provide logistical and other assistance...This report summarizes the extent of the disaster and relief effort and includes descriptions of the U.S. and international assistance efforts. It also examines protection mechanisms for children and separated orphans. A section is devoted to the situation in each of the affected countries followed by an analysis of selected issues for Congress. A Most Recent Developments section at the beginning of the report is updated through February 10, 2005. The rest of the report is updated through January 21, 2005."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Margesson, Rhoda
2005-02-10
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"Response of the U.S. Government and the International System to the Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunamis," Statement of Alan P. Larson, Senate Foreign Relations Committee, U.S. Senate, February 10, 2005
This document is Alan P. Larson's, Under Secretary for Economic, Business and Agricultural Affairs, testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee regarding the U.S. government's plan to provide relief in the form of food, shelter, water and sanitation to those in need.
United States. Department of State
2005-02-10
