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Serial No. 106-89; Serial No. 106-83: Joint Hearing on H.R. 3661, to Help Ensure General Aviation Aircraft Access to Federal Land and to the Airspace Over that Land: Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on National Parks and Public Lands and Subcommittee on Forest and Forest Health of the Committee on Resources, U.S. House of Representatives and Subcommittee on Aviation of the Committee on Transportation, One Hundred Sixth Congress Second Session, April 6, 2000
On April 6, 2000 the House of Representatives holds a Joint Hearing on H.R. 3661, to Help Ensure General Aviation Aircraft Access to Federal Land and to the Airspace Over that Land. The Joint Hearing is held before the Subcommittee on National Parks and Public Lands and Subcommittee on Forest and Forest Health of the Committee on Resources. Testifying are David Alexander, Robert Barrett, Phil Boyer, Steve Durtschi, Pat Shea, and Barton Welsh. Chariman Hansen explains how HR 3661 "ensures general aviation access to back country airstrips by establishing a nationwide policy for governing airstrips on Federal land and assuring that they cannot be closed until a public process has been completed and approval given by the FAA and State Aviation Boards." Mr. Duncan adds that the bill "would give pilots and other users an opportunity to be heard before the landing site is closed or taken away from them." He explains that "these landing strips serve several important functions. They can be used as a base of operations for search and rescue missions, firefighting, and aerial landing. More important, they can provide a safe landing site for pilots in times of trouble."
United States. Government Printing Office
2000-05-06
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Disaster Mitigation Assistance Bills in the 106th Congress: Comparison of Provisions [May 5, 2000]
"The Administration initiative to shift federal emergency management policy away from a 'response and recovery' emphasis has generated little congressional controversy, although some have raised concerns about the cost effectiveness of implementing a mitigation strategy. Greater attention, it is generally argued, should be given to mitigation (loss reduction) efforts before disasters occur in order to reduce future losses. Legislation (H.R. 707, S. 1691) pending before the 106th Congress would amend the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (the Stafford Act) which authorizes federal assistance when the President declares that a catastrophe has overwhelmed state and local resources. Some future disasters may be prevented, or their impact lessened, by taking action beforehand. State and local governments have lowered disaster costs by retrofitting buildings in earthquake zones, elevating structures in floodplains, revising and enforcing building codes, or modifying land use plans. Advocates of the legislation seek to support these and other mitigation efforts. H.R. 707 and S. 1691 would amend the Stafford Act to shift federal policy toward predisaster hazard mitigation. Both bills contain three titles, share an overall intent, and contain roughly similar provisions. Title I of each bill stresses the need to prepare for disasters and to take mitigative steps, and includes new authority for predisaster hazard mitigation grants. Title II of each bill would amend Stafford Act provisions concerning administrative reimbursement and facility repair and replacement authority. Also, private nonprofit organizations would need to apply for Small Business Administration loans before applying for Stafford Act assistance to repair or replace damaged facilities. Title III in both bills consists of miscellaneous changes."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Bea, Keith
2000-05-05
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Framework for Domestic Engagement
In 1934 Secretary of Defense Caspar W. Weinberger outlined four criteria for a strategic framework that would "weigh the use of United States combat forces abroad." Although Weinberger's framework was designed for international commitment of military power, the scenario this paper reviews is the involvement of military forces in response to a weapon of mass destruction (WMD) on American soil. This paper reviews the applicability of the Weinberger criteria to provide a framework for evaluating the commitment of United States military forces in a domestic engagement. 1. Is the incident a national security issue? This paper provides a cursory analysis of the risk of a domestic WMD incident, and the threat that this event would pose to national security. 2. Do American citizens support the use of military forces in response to the incident? Present laws, statutes, and presidential directives provide a basis for military support to civilian law enforcement agencies in certain circumstances, but these special circumstances require careful consideration to ensure they meet the intent of the law and do not violate the Posse Comitatus Act of 1873. 3. Does the United States military have the right force for the lob? In response to a WMD, wielded against an American community, the United States armed forces may be the only entity capable of providing massive and immediate consequence management support. 4. Does the military have a clear exit strategy? With this criterion we define the end-state for military involvement and examine current disengagement strategies.
Army War College (U.S.)
2000-05-05
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Service User Manual for the Telecommunications Service Priority (TSP) System
"The Service User Manual for the Telecommunications Service Priority (TSP) System provides reference information on the TSP Program and detailed procedural instructions for TSP service users. This manual is structured into the following six chapters accompanied by three appendices. 1) Chapter 1, Introduction, provides general information on the TSP Program, and this manual's purpose, authority, and applicability. 2) Chapter 2, TSP Program Overview, provides background information on the TSP Program, details the TSP process, provides information on the priority levels and qualifying criteria, and outlines the roles and responsibilities of the participants who administer and use the TSP Program. 3) Chapter 3, TSP Request Process, presents an overview of restoration and provisioning priority assignments, the TSP Service User Form (SF 315), and how to make changes to the TSP Program service information. 4) Chapter 4, Federal Sponsors and Invocation Officials, discusses the responsibilities and designations of these appointed TSP officials. 5) Chapter 5, TSP Revalidation Process, provides details on the TSP Revalidation Form (SF 314). 6) Chapter 6, Priority Action Appeal Process, provides details on the responsibilities of the service user, the Office of Priority Telecommunications, the Federal Communications Commission, and the completion of the Appeal Form (SF 317). 7) Appendix A provides the TSP Program contact information. 8) Appendix B contains the following TSP forms: SF 314, 315, and 317. 9) Appendix C contains the Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) codes for Federal organizations with NS/EP responsibilities."
National Communications System (U.S.). Office of the Manager
2000-05-05
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Final Exercise Report: St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant [February 16, 2000]
From the Executive Summary: "On February 16, 2000, a full participation, plume exposure pathway exercise was conducted in the emergency planning zone (EPZ) around the St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Region IV. The purpose of the exercise was to assess the level of State and local preparedness in responding to a radiological emergency. This exercise was conducted in accordance with FEMA's policies and guidance for offsite preparedness exercises. The most recent exercise at this site was conducted on March 18, 1998. The qualifying emergency preparedness exercise was conducted February 10-12, 1982, at the St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant. The State of Florida, Risk Counties of Martin and St. Lucie, and Host Counties of Indian River, Brevard and Palm Beach participated in the St. Lucie Exercise. [...] The State and local organizations demonstrated the knowledge of, and the ability to implement their emergency response plans and procedures. There were no Deficiencies and only one Area Requiring Corrective Action (ARCA) identified as a result of this exercise. One prior ARCA issued for MERL [Mobile Emergency Radiological Laboratory] procedures from the 1998 St. Lucie exercise was resolved during the Crystal River exercise conducted on October 14, 1998."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2000-05-05
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Legislative Hearing on H.R. 4210: Preparedness against Terrorism Act of 2000: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, United States House of Representatives One Hundred Sixth Congress, May 4, 2000
The purpose of this hearing is to receive testimony on H.R. 4210, a bill to amend the Robert T. Stafford Act to update Title VI of the Act and to provide coordination for federal efforts with regard to preparedness against terrorist attacks in the United States. H.R. 4210, introduced by Mrs. Fowler and Mr. Traficant, amends the Stafford Act to reflect emerging threats from terrorism and cybertechnology. It also establishes an office within the Executive Office of the President (EOP) to coordinate government-wide efforts for improving domestic preparedness against terrorist attacks. The Office of Terrorism Preparedness (OTP) will be responsible for creating a national strategy for preparedness, which will eliminate duplication of efforts and define an end state for preparedness. The OTP will exercise limited budgetary authority over each agency's programs, basing funding decisions on accomplishing the goals of a defined national strategy. It will also assist state and local emergency responders in navigating the federal preparedness programs. Moreover, it will eradicate duplicative government functions and identify waste, fraud and abuse through oversight of the agencies it coordinates. This hearing contains GAO/T-NSIAD-00-172, "Combating Terrorism: Comments on Bill H.R.4210 to Manage Selected Counterterrorist Programs". Statements include those of the following: Gary Marrs, Stan McKinney, Ray Alfred, Charles Cragin and Norman J. Rabkin.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
2000-05-04
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Political Partisanship and the Professional Military Ethic: The Case of the Officer Corps' Affiliation with the Republican Party
"A recently published survey on civil-military relations revealed that a large majority of military officers claim an affiliation with the Republican Party. The finding suggests that officers have violated their professional ethic by abandoning the tradition of political neutrality. This paper first examines the reasons for the Republican bias, which include the conservatism of the GOP vis-à-vis the Democratic Party and institutional changes within the military. Second, it assesses the effect of the Republican bias on officer professionalism. I argue that the officer corps' voting preference does not constitute partisan activity and is not, by itself, harmful to professionalism and civil-military relations."
National War College (U.S.)
Betros, Lance A.
2000-05-04
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Combating Terrorism: Comments on Bill H.R. 4210 to Manage Selected Counterterrorist Programs, Statement for the Record of Norman J. Rabkin, Director, National Security Preparedness Issues, National Security and International Affairs Division, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Emergency Management, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives
GAO believes that H.R. 4210--the Terrorism Preparedness Act of 2000--would address the fragmentation and duplication that GAO and others have found in programs to combat terrorism. The bill would create a new Office of Terrorism Preparedness to centralize leadership and coordination of federal programs to help state and local governments prepare for terrorist incidents involving weapons of mass destruction. However, the duties of the new office, as described in the bill, may overlap with some duties of the newly created National Domestic Preparedness Office. In GAO's view, success in achieving the bill's goals depends on the ability of the Office head to build consensus among the involved agencies. Also, the new office may take some time to accomplish its objectives presented in the bill.
United States. General Accounting Office
2000-05-04
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S. Rept. 106-279: Authorizing Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2001 for the Intelligence Activities of the United States Government and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System and for Other Purposes, Report to accompany S. 2507, May 4. 2000
"The Select Committee on Intelligence, having considered the original bill (S. 2507), to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2001 for intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes, reports favorably thereon and recommends that the bill do pass."
United States. Government Printing Office
2000-05-04
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Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular No. 2-00: Inspection Guidance for Vessels Participating in Marine Events of National Significance
This Circular provides guidance for the inspection of vessels operating as registered participants in Marine Events of National Significance. Included are guidelines to help determine a vessel's inspection status, policy direction for issuance of special permits to uninspected vessels, a discussion on coastwise trade restrictions, and supplemental guidance for handling moored attraction vessels. The U.S. coastwise trade laws, for example, prohibit the transportation of passengers or merchandise between U.S. ports aboard a foreign-flag vessel (or other non-coastwise-qualified vessel). The Officers-in-Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMIs) shall review the Circular and ensure that the enclosed guidance is applied as appropriate. Moreover, event sponsors and affected vessel representatives should familiarize themselves with the guidance contained in this Circular. "Application for Special Permit: Form Approved OMB No. 2115-0133," App 1 -- http://www.uscg.mil/hq/g-m/nvic/2_00/app1.pdf; "Permit to Carry Excursion Party: Form 0578," App 2 -- http://www.uscg.mil/hq/g-m/nvic/2_00/app2.pdf (sample form); App 3 -- http://www.uscg.mil/hq/g-m/nvic/2_00/app3.pdf (blank form) and App 4 -- http://www.uscg.mil/hq/g-m/nvic/2_00/app4.pdf; Chapter 4: Inspection Procedures Applicable to Vessel Types, Classes, and Categories, and Application for Inspection of U.S. Vessel: Form Approved OMB No. 221-0007; App 5 -- http://www.uscg.mil/hq/g-m/nvic/2_00/app5.pdf. See U.S. Coast Guard homepage: http://www.uscg.mil/USCG.shtm, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security: http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/, and the U.S. Department of Transportation: http://www.dot.gov/.
United States. Department of Transportation
2000-05-03
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 1796, Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act
"S. 1796 would enable victims of Iranian terrorism who have won judgments against Iran in U.S. courts to collect monetary damages from that country--primarily by obtaining certain funds currently held by the U.S. government. Although the bill would pertain to victims of other nations that sponsor terrorism, CBO does not expect that any budgetary effects would result from judgments against other nations. Enactment of S. 1796 could result in savings in later years if future disbursements that would otherwise have to be made under current law were reduced because of the payments made in 2001. CBO has no basis for estimating these effects--if any--because they would depend on future decisions of the international Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal and the responses of the United States and Iran to these decisions."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2000-05-03
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Executive Order 13154: Establishing the Kosovo Campaign Medal
"There is hereby established the Kosovo Campaign Medal with suitable appurtenances. Except as limited in section 2 of this order, and under uniform regulations to be prescribed by the Secretaries of the Military Departments and approved by the Secretary of Defense, or under regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, the Kosovo Campaign Medal shall be awarded to members of the Armed Forces of the United States who serve or have served in Kosovo or contiguous waters or airspace, as defined by such regulations, after March 24, 1999, and before a terminal date to be prescribed by the Secretary of Defense."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Clinton, Bill, 1946-
2000-05-03
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Chechnya Conflict: Recent Developments [Updated May 3, 2000]
"This report examines military airstrikes and ground operations that Russia launched against its Chechnya region in late September 1999. It provides background information on earlier Chechen guerrilla attacks on the neighboring Dagestan region of Russia and on the unsolved terrorist bombing of several apartment buildings in Russia. Current problems of governance in Chechnya are discussed, as well as Chechnya's response to the Russian offensive. The concerns of the United States and other Western governments about the conflict are examined. Amap is included. This product may be updated. Related products include CRS Issue Brief 92089, Russia, updated regularly; and CRS Reports 95-207, Russian Conflict in Chechnya; 95-338, Beyond Chechnya: Some Options; 96-193, Chechnya Conflict: Recent Developments; and 96-974, Russia: Chechnya at Peace? This report supercedes CRS Report RS20358, Chechnya Conflict."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Nichol, James P.
2000-05-03
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1999 Status of the Nation's Highways, Bridges and Transit: Conditions and Performance
"This document is intended to provide Congress and other decision makers with an objective appraisal of highway, bridge and transit finance, physical conditions, operational performance, and future investment requirements. This report offers a comprehensive, factual background to support development and evaluation of legislative, program, and budget options at all levels of government. It also serves as a primary source of information for national and international news media, transportation associations, and industry. This report consolidates conditions, performance, and finance data provided by States, local governments, and mass transit operators, to provide a national level summary. Some of these underlying data are available through the Department's regular statistical publications. The future investment requirements analyses are developed specifically for this document and provide national level projections only. The Department does not project future investment requirements for individual States or localities. Section 5102 of TEA-21 designated the highway and bridge portion of this document as the Infrastructure Investment Needs Report, and required several changes in the content. This edition of the report has responded to these requirements by adding estimates of the current backlog of cost-beneficial highway and bridge projects, and adding a table to each chapter that directly compares the key statistics from the current report with those from the 1997 edition. An investment requirements scenario showing the costs of maintaining the physical conditions of the highway system has been added, to improve comparability of this report to the 1993 and 1995 versions and to the bridge and transit investment requirements scenarios."
United States. Federal Transit Administration
2000-05-02
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Sharing the Knowledge: Government Sector Partnerships to Enhance Information Security
The U.S. military has become increasingly dependent upon the nation's information and communications infrastructures. Concurrently, threats to and vulnerabilities in these infrastructures are expanding, in large part due to structural factors not likely to disappear in the future. To prevail against the increasing threat, the military--and, more broadly, the government--needs to adopt a risk reduction and management program. A crucial element of this risk management program is information sharing with the private sector. However, substantial barriers threaten to block information exchanges between the government and private sector. These barriers include concerns over release of sensitive material under Freedom of Information Act requests, antitrust actions, protection of business confidential and other private material, possible liability due to shared information, disclosure of classified information, and burdens entailed with cooperating with law enforcement agencies. There is good cause to believe that the government and private sector can overcome these barriers, guided by lessons learned from numerous successful government-private sector information-sharing mechanisms. This analysis concludes with actions the government should undertake to develop an information-sharing mechanism with the private sector. Key among them are actively engaging the private sector from the onset, determining information requirements, and fostering a partnership based on trust.
USAF Institute for National Security Studies
Rinaldi, Steven M.
2000-05
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Above the Flood: Elevating Your Floodprone House
From the Introduction: "In the repair and reconstruction efforts that followed Hurricane Andrew, owners of damaged houses had opportunities to modify their houses to protect them from future flood damage. One effective method of protecting a house from flooding is elevating the habitable areas of the house above the flood level. Almost all single-family homes in Miami-Dade County are constructed with reinforced masonry block walls on a slab-on-grade foundation. Houses of this type are the most difficult to elevate for flood protection. This publication describes how homeowners in Miami-Dade County elevated their damaged slab-on-grade masonry houses following the devastating effects of Hurricane Andrew."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
Witt, James Lee, 1944-; Armstrong, Michael Joseph, 1955-; Copenhaver, John . . .
2000-05
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United States National Search and Rescue Supplement to the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual
This National Search and Rescue Supplement (NSS), prepared under the direction of the National Search and Rescue Committee (NSARC), provides guidance to federal agencies concerning implementation of the National Search and
Rescue Plan (NSP). The NSS provides specific additional national standards and guidance that build upon the baseline established by the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual. The IAMSAR
Manual is a three-volume set published jointly by both the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for use by all countries. The NSS provides guidance to all federal forces,
military and civilian, that support civil search and rescue (SAR) operations.
United States. Coast Guard. Office of Search and Rescue
2000-05
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Employment of the Reserve Medical Force in Consequence Management/WMD
Although the end of the cold war brought promises of a new world order, terrorism in the next century presents a potentially more lethal and complex threat to the continental United States. This paper addresses three areas. First, the emerging threats and motives for use of weapons of mass destruction will be examined. Second, several Presidential Decision Directives and DoD Directives and actions required by Public Laws will be reviewed. Finally, the types of medical force structure in each of the Reserve components and their capabilities to respond to weapons of mass casualties" will be examined. The Department of Defense will play a major role in the domestic response to weapons of mass casualties." The emerging threats and motives for use of weapons of mass casualties" strongly support the further use of the reserve components when the demand placed on the Healthcare System following a WMD incident is unprecedented. Although the Army National Guard and Air Guard have early deploying capabilities to respond to a WMD incident, most reserve components do not have adequate deployable medical systems at home station" nor do they possess complete support requirements to respond to a domestic WMD incident when they will be needed.
Army War College (U.S.)
Baker, James M.
2000-05-01
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Community Concerns About Law Enforcement in Sonoma County
From the Letter of Transmittal: "Attached is a report from the California Advisory Committee based upon a fact finding meeting convened February 20, 1998, in Santa Rosa, the county seat of Sonoma County. Commission Vice Chairperson Cruz Reynoso and Commission member Yvonne Y. Lee joined the California Advisory Committee in this effort to collect information on the concerns of citizens of Sonoma County regarding law enforcement practices and allegations of excessive use of deadly force.In the period April 1, 1995, through September 27, 1997, law enforcement officers within the county shot and killed eight citizens, and all were found by the Sonoma County District Attorney's Office to be justifiable homicide. Citizens alleged that meetings with elected and public officials and law enforcement executives to discuss their concerns and pleas for reform only increased frustration. They alleged that officials were unresponsive and offered denials that a problem existed."
United States Commission on Civil Rights
2000-05
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Medical NBC Battlebook: USACHPPM Tech Guide 224
"The purpose of this battlebook is to address operational health concerns in environments where Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) threats exist. Potential NBC threats range from weapons of mass destruction to contamination of the battlefield by hazardous material. Medical personnel, in conjunction with chemical personnel, must be able to advise commanders on a wide range of issues including the health effects of NBC threats, protective clothing and measures, and management of NBC casualties. This manual is not an emergency response book or treatment guide. It is intended to provide a quick reference for decision making as to whether to request expert consultation in a given area. Except in extreme emergency, the contents should not be construed as definitive."
U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine
2000-05
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Privacy Online: Fair Information Practices in the Electronic Marketplace
"The online consumer marketplace is growing at an exponential rate. At the same time, technology has enhanced the capacity of online companies to collect, store, transfer, and analyze vast amounts of data from and about the consumers who visit their Web sites. This increase in the collection and use of data has raised public awareness and consumer concerns about online privacy. To ensure consumer confidence in this new marketplace and its continued growth, consumer concerns about privacy must be addressed. The Federal Trade Commission has been studying online privacy issues since 1995. This is the Commission's third report to Congress examining the state of online privacy and the efficacy of industry self-regulation. It presents the results of the Commission's 2000 Online Privacy Survey (the Survey), which reviewed the nature and substance of U.S. commercial Websites' privacy disclosures, and assesses the effectiveness of self-regulation. The Report also considers the recommendations of the Commission-appointed Advisory Committee on Online Access and Security. Finally, the Report sets forth the Commission's conclusion that legislation is necessary to ensure further implementation of fair information practices online and recommends the framework for such legislation. In its 1998 report, Privacy Online: A Report to Congress (1998 Report), the Commission described the widely-accepted fair information practice principles of Notice, Choice, Access, and Security. The Commission also identified 'Enforcement' the use of a reliable mechanism to provide sanctions for noncompliance […] a critical component of any governmental or self-regulatory program to protect privacy online. In addition, the 1998 Report presented the results of the Commission's first online privacy survey of commercial Web sites. While almost all Web sites (92% of the comprehensive random sample) were collecting great amounts of personal information from consumers, few (14%) disclosed anything at all about their information practices."
United States. Federal Trade Commission
2000-05
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Emergency Response to Terrorism Job Aid
This Job Aid is designed to assist the first responder from the fire, EMS, HazMat, and law enforcement disciplines. This includes both tactical and strategic issues that range from line personnel to unit officers and up to and including the initial incident commander (ie, battalion chief, etc.). The document is designed to assist emergency response personnel in identifying a possible terrorist/WMD incident and implementing initial actions.
United States Fire Administration
2000-05-01?
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Hurricane Floyd High Water Marks and Inundation Mapping for Eastern North Carolina
"The Wilmington District of the Corps of Engineers (USACOE) was tasked by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to locate high water marks along riverine and coastal area impacted by the storm and produce inundation mapping based on these high water marks. The purpose of this report is to present the high water mark data and the inundation maps produced using this data."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2000-05
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National Hurricane Operations Plan [2000]
"The tropical cyclone warning service is an interdepartmental effort to provide the United States and designated international recipients with forecasts, warnings, and assessments concerning tropical and subtropical weather systems. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the Department of Commerce (DOC) is responsible for providing forecasts and warnings for the Atlantic and Eastern and Central Pacific Oceans while the Department of Defense (DOD) provides the same services for the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean. NOAA, along with other Federal agencies such as the U.S. Navy and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), also conducts supporting research efforts to improve tropical cyclone warning services. The bottom line--this interdepartmental cooperation achieves economy and efficiency in the provision of the tropical cyclone warning services to the Nation. The 'National Hurricane Operations Plan' provides the basis for implementing agreements reached at the Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference (IHC), which is sponsored annually by the Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research. The goal of the IHC is to bring together the responsible Federal agencies to achieve agreement on items of mutual concern related to tropical cyclone warning services for the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans."
United States. Office of Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research; United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2000-05
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Police Attitudes Toward Abuse of Authority: Findings From a National Study
"Serious cases of abuse of police authority often stimulate intense public debate. For example, a videotape of Rodney King being beaten by Los Angeles police officers or reports of the torture of Abner Louima by New York City police capture the public's attention and raise troubling questions regarding the limits of legitimate police authority in a democratic society. Are such events isolated occurrences in particular police departments or extreme examples of a more general problem plaguing police departments across the United States? Does the fact that such abuses often involve minority victims reveal important disparities in the way that law enforcement officers treat members of certain racial, socioeconomic, or cultural groups? In turn, what measures can be taken to constrain police abuse, and which are likely to be most effective? Although such questions have been raised and debated in the media, by politicians, and by police scholars and administrators, little is known about how police officers themselves view these critical issues."
National Institute of Justice (U.S.)
Weisburd, David; Greenspan, Rosann
2000-05
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Preventing School Violence: Plenary Papers of the 1999 Conference on Criminal Justice Research and Evaluation--Enhancing Policy and Practice Through Research, Volume 2
From the Foreword: "Sociologist Joseph Sheley, who has written extensively on the explosive nexus of youth, violence, and firearms, first puts school violence in perspective by demonstrating that it occurs much less often than in communities where students live, but that, on the other hand, weapons carrying by young people is not uncommon and guns are easy to obtain. Perhaps one of the most important research findings he notes is that the prime motive for carrying weapons is fear. To be sure, schools are taking steps to lower the risk of weapon-related incidents, but whether they choose techniques that have had a record of success is unknown. Ron Prinz offers the insights of psychology, persuasively arguing that because problem behavior stems from prior maladjustment, prevention has to be considered from a 'developmental' perspective--by analyzing what gives rise to that behavior. Prevention requires understanding and changing social environments more so than targeting specific individuals. Finally, public health psychiatrist Sheppard Kellam uses his decades-long work in Chicago and Baltimore to illustrate the imperative of community involvement in designing prevention programs. The papers convincingly demonstrate that preventing school violence is not the exclusive preserve of the criminal justice community. The resources of multiple research-based disciplines--whether their province is human behavior or the workings of the mind or community health--need to be tapped to find the path to an enduring solution."
National Institute of Justice (U.S.)
Kellam, Sheppard G.; Prinz, Ron; Sheley, Joseph F.
2000-05
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Model Emergency Response Communications Plan for Infectious Disease Outbreaks and Bioterrorist Events
"Since 1995 the Association of State and Territorial Directors of Health Promotion and Public Health Education (ASTDHPPHE) has been working with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and specifically, the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion and the National Center for Infectious Diseases, to develop tools to strengthen the practice of public health. Two themes have been prominent in this effort: 1) a focus on preventable illness, including communicable diseases; and 2) a focus on public health communications."
Association of State and Territorial Directors of Health Promotion and Public Health Education
2000-05
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President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC): Issue Review (2000): A Review of NSTAC Issues Addressed through NSTAC XXIII
This edition of the Issue Review provides a status report of issues addressed by the President's National
Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC) from its first meeting in December 1982 until the May 15-16, 2000, meeting of the NSTAC. The Issue Review documents the history of issues currently and previously addressed by the NSTAC. For each issue, the following information is provided when applicable: names of the investigating groups, length of time required for the investigation, issue
background, a synopsis of NSTAC actions and recommendations, recent and planned activities to further
address the issue, actions resulting from NSTAC recommendations, members of the current investigating groups, and reports issued. Appendix C provides related acronyms for the reader's convenience.
United States. President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee
2000-05
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Globalization Task Force Report (2000)
Since the last meeting of the President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC) in June 1999, the Globalization Task Force (GTF)1 has concentrated its efforts on national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) issues related to the global
information infrastructure (GII) in 2010, foreign ownership of NS/EP critical communications systems, and technology export policies. The GTF concluded that in 2010, NS/EP communications would be facilitated by a GII featuring new technologies and improved network features. The GII in 2010 would also provide increased global availability of broadband communications, with satellite communications and wireless
technologies bringing the GII and NS/EP communications to less accessible geographic regions. In addition to planning for the global availability of the GII in 2010, the Government must also consider the richness of service envisioned in the future network architecture and decide whether NS/EP communications will require quality of service (QoS) features beyond commercially available capabilities. The GTF also examined the implications of foreign ownership of critical U.S. telecommunications facilities on NS/EP services. Subsequently, the GTF tasked NSTAC's Legislative and Regulatory Working Group (LRWG) with developing a scoping paper on the
issue and reporting any findings to the GTF before the completion of the GII report. The LRWG concluded that the current regulatory structure effectively accommodated increasing levels of foreign ownership of U.S. telecommunications facilities, while allowing the Federal Government to retain the authority to prevent any such foreign ownership that might compromise national security interests. The GTF concluded that because technology progresses faster than policy can keep up with it, industry and Government should continue to reevaluate the limits
placed on the export of technologies.
United States. President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee
2000-05
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Protecting Systems Task Force Report on Enhancing the Nation's Network Security Efforts
The objective of this report is to examine current Government and industry network security
strategies to determine whether alternative strategies might more effectively diminish risk and, if
appropriate, make recommendations regarding those alternatives. The study focuses on those network security efforts intended to diminish the risks from unauthorized access to or activity in an information system and does not address physical security.
United States. President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee
2000-05
