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CDC: Nerve Agents
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on nerve agents. Sections of the webpage include: "Info for Professionals" and "Specific Chemical Agents". "Nerve agents are highly poisonous chemicals that work by preventing the nervous system from working properly. This page provides resources on various nerve agents."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Nicotine
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Nicotine. "Nicotine is a naturally occurring toxic chemical found in tobacco plants. It has a fishy odor when warm. Cigarettes, cigars, other tobacco products, and tobacco smoke contain nicotine. Worker exposure may occur during processing and extraction of tobacco. At one time, nicotine was used in the United States as an insecticide and fumigant; however, it is no longer produced or used in this country for this purpose. Nicotine affects the nervous system and the heart. Exposure to relatively small amounts can rapidly be fatal."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Methyl Bromide
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Methyl Bromide. "Methyl bromide poisoning primarily occurs after inhalational exposure, but concurrent dermal exposure might also occur. Methyl bromide is an ocular, dermal, and mucous membrane irritant. Onset of symptoms might be delayed 1 to 48 hours. Symptoms of inhalational exposure are typically cough and dyspnea, which can develop into pneumonitis and pulmonary edema but might be delayed up to 4-5 days. Severe poisoning can result in seizures, coma, and death (1-5)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Methyl Isocyanate
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Methyl Isocyanate. "Exposure to methyl isocyanate typically occurs through inhalation or dermal absorption. Toxicity might develop over 1 to 4 hours after exposure. Signs and symptoms of methyl isocyanate typically include cough, dyspnea, chest pain, lacrimation, eyelid edema, and unconsciousness. These effects might progress over the next 24 to 72 hours to include acute lung injury, cardiac arrest, and death (1-4)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Osmium Tetroxide
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Osmium Tetroxide.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Phosgene
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Phosgene. "Phosgene is a major industrial chemical used to make plastics and pesticides. [...] At room temperature (70°F), phosgene is a poisonous gas. [...] With cooling and pressure, phosgene gas can be converted into a liquid so that it can be shipped and stored. When liquid phosgene is released, it quickly turns into a gas that stays close to the ground and spreads rapidly. [...] Phosgene gas may appear colorless or as a white to pale yellow cloud. At low concentrations, it has a pleasant odor of newly mown hay or green corn, but its odor may not be noticed by all people exposed. At high concentrations, the odor may be strong and unpleasant. [...] Phosgene itself is nonflammable (not easily ignited and burned). [...] Phosgene is also known by its military designation, 'CG.'"
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Phosgene Oxime
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Phosgene. "Phosgene oxime is a manufactured chemical warfare agent. [...] Phosgene oxime is a type of agent called an urticant or nettle agent. This is because on contact with the skin, it produces intense itching and a rash similar to hives. [...] Phosgene oxime is also referred to as a corrosive agent because of the type of skin and tissue damage it causes.[...] Phosgene oxime was first produced in 1929, but it has never been used on the battlefield. Specific information on this chemical is very limited. [...] Phosgene oxime is colorless in its solid form and yellowish-brown when it is a liquid. [...] Phosgene oxime has a disagreeable, irritating odor. [...] Phosgene oxime is also known by its military designation, 'CX.'"
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Phosphine
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Phosphine. "Phosphine is a colorless, flammable, and explosive gas at ambient temperature that has the odor of garlic or decaying fish. Small amounts occur naturally from the break down of organic matter. It is slightly soluble in water. Phosphine is used in semiconductor and plastics industries, in the production of a flame retardant, and as a pesticide in stored grain."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Blister Agents/Vesicants
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on blister agents/vesicants. Sections of the webpage include: "Specific Chemical Agents" and "Info for Clinicians". "Vesicants, also referred to as 'blister agents,' were the most commonly used chemical warfare agents during World War I. The most likely routes of exposure are inhalation, dermal contact, and ocular contact. Vesicants are highly reactive chemicals that combine with proteins, DNA, and other cellular components to result in cellular changes immediately after exposure. Depending on the vesicant, clinical effects may occur immediately (as with phosgene oxime or lewisite) or may be delayed for 2 to 24 hours (as with mustards). Following exposure, the most commonly encountered clinical effects include dermal (skin erythema and blistering), respiratory (pharyngitis, cough, dyspnea), ocular (conjunctivitis and burns), and gastrointestinal (nausea and vomiting). The amount and route of exposure to the vesicant, the type of vesicant, and the premorbid condition of the person exposed will contribute to the time of onset and the severity of illness. For example, ingestion of a vesicant leads to gastrointestinal symptoms more prominent than those that would result from inhalation exposure to the same dose and type of vesicant."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Arsine
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Arsine. "Arsine is a colorless, nonirritating toxic gas with a mild garlic odor. The odor can be detected only at levels greater than those necessary to cause poisoning. [...] Arsine is formed when arsenic comes in contact with an acid. [...] Arsine is similar to a gas called stibine, which is formed when the metal antimony comes in contact with an acid. Stibine has health effects similar to those of arsine, but it is not as widely available, and it has a much more noticeable odor (like rotten eggs)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Caustics
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on xaustics. Sections of the webpage include: "Info for Professionals" and "Specific Chemical Agents". "Caustics are chemicals that burn or corrode people's skin, eyes, and mucus membranes (lining of the nose, mouth, throat, and lungs) on contact."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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U.S. Border Patrol Fiscal Year 2012 Statistics
This United States Customs and Border Protection document provides data on Boarder Patrol expenditures for the 2012 fiscal year (October 1st through September 30th). The data includes apprehensions, drug-related seizures, and fiscal year apprehensions dating back to 1925.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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Akamai: Real-time Web Monitor [website]
"Akamai monitors global Internet conditions around the clock. With this real-time data we identify the global regions with the greatest attack traffic, cities with the slowest Web connections (latency), and geographic areas with the most Web traffic (traffic density)."
Akamai Technologies, Inc.
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Directory of Training and Technical Assistance Resources for Anti-Human Trafficking Task Forces and Service Providers
"The Office for Victims of Crime Training and Technical Assistance Center (OVC TTAC) has compiled this directory to assist Anti-Human Trafficking Task Forces and service providers in locating relevant training and technical assistance (TTA) resources. The directory focuses on TTA resources targeted for practitioners actively working in the anti-human trafficking field. The TTA providers included in the directory have the ability to assist practitioners across the nation; they have been vetted by the Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) and Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) Planning Committee. The information comes directly from TTA providers in response to a widely distributed request for anti-human trafficking TTA resources. The directory begins with an index of TTA resources organized by the primary method of delivering the TTA: distance learning, in-person scheduled training, and training and technical assistance by request. Following the index are expanded descriptions of the resources, with links to the TTA providers' Web sites."
United States. Office of Justice Programs. Training and Technical Assistance Center
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CDC Emergency Preparedness and Response: Crisis & Emergency Risk Communication (CERC)
This Centers for Disease Control and Prevention webpage provides information and resources on preparation, planning and crisis and emergency risk communication (CERC). The webpage includes the following sections: "CERC Webinars and Training"; "CERC Course Materials"; "Stay Connected"; "Best Practices" and "Additional Resources".
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Bioterrorism Agents/Diseases
This webpage provides an A-Z list of Specific Bioterrorism Agents. These include: Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis); Botulism (Clostridium botulinum toxin); Plague (Yersinia pestis); Smallpox (variola major); Tularemia (Francisella tularensis); Viral hemorrhagic fevers (filoviruses [e.g., Ebola, Marburg] and arenaviruses [e.g., Lassa, Machupo]); Brucellosis (Brucella species); Epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens; Food safety threats (e.g., Salmonella species, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shigella); Glanders (Burkholderia mallei); Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei); Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci); Q fever (Coxiella burnetii); Ricin toxin from Ricinus communis (castor beans); and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B.; Typhus fever (Rickettsia prowazekii); Viral encephalitis (alphaviruses [e.g., Venezuelan equine encephalitis, eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis]); and Water safety threats (e.g., Vibrio cholerae, Cryptosporidium parvum).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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Ammonia Solution (UN 3318); Ammonia, Anhydrous (UN 1005): Lung Damaging Agent
This webpage from the Emergency Response Safety and Health Database, of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, provides extensive information on ammonia. Some of the information provided on this page includes agent characteristics, methods of dissemination, routes of exposure, dangers for emergency responders, signs and symptoms of exposure, decontamination, and more.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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Tox Town: Ammonia [Spanish]
Note: This resource is in Spanish. This webpage from the National Library of Medicine's Tox Town website provides information on ammonia, including characteristics of ammonia, health effects, and possible methods of exposure.
National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
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Tox Town: Ammonia
This webpage from the National Library of Medicine's Tox Town website provides information on ammonia, including characteristics of ammonia, health effects, and possible methods of exposure.
National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
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TOXMAP: Ammonia [map]
This map shows the location of on-site releases of ammonia reported throughout the United States in 2011.
National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
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Census Data & Emergency Preparedness [website]
This website from the United States Census Bureau provides information regarding emergency preparedness. The website also contains information on recent emergency events such as Hurricanes Sandy, Isaac, and Irene, the 2011 Mississippi River Floods, and the wildfires of Southern California.
United States. Bureau of the Census
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OnTheMap for Emergency Management [map]
U.S. Census Bureau data for disasters, natural hazards, and weather events.
"OnTheMap for Emergency Management provides real-time access to a range of detailed U.S. Census Bureau data about the people living and working in areas being affected by hurricanes, floods, wildfires, winter storms, and federal disaster declaration areas.
Statistical data sources include 2010 Decennial Census data, 2008-2012 5-year American Community Survey (ACS) estimates, and 2011 LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES)."
United States. Bureau of the Census
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Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR): Ammonia
This webpage from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry provides information and resources on Ammonia, including resources for community members, emergency responders, and toxicological and health professionals. "Ammonia occurs naturally and is produced by human activity. It is an important source of nitrogen which is needed by plants and animals. Bacteria found in the intestines can produce ammonia. Ammonia is a colorless gas with a very distinct odor. This odor is familiar to many people because ammonia is used in smelling salts, many household and industrial cleaners, and window-cleaning products. Ammonia gas can be dissolved in water. This kind of ammonia is called liquid ammonia or aqueous ammonia. Once exposed to open air, liquid ammonia quickly turns into a gas. Ammonia is applied directly into soil on farm fields, and is used to make fertilizers for farm crops, lawns, and plants. Many household and industrial cleaners contain ammonia."
United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
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Choking/Lung/Pulmonary Agents (Irritant Gas Syndrome Agents)
This webpage from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management (CHEMM) provides information on choking/lung/pulmonary agents. "Choking/lung/pulmonary agents are chemicals that cause severe irritation or swelling of the respiratory tract (lining of the nose, throat, and lungs). Chemicals such as ammonia, chlorine, and phosgene cause eye, nose, and throat irritation, cough, wheezes, and dypsnea, also known as Irritant Gas Syndrome." For each of the three agents, information is provided on prehospital management as well as emergency department and hospital management.
United States. Department of Health and Human Services
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Disaster Information Management Research Center: Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus: Information Resources on Disease Caused by H7N9
This webpage from the Disaster Information Management Research Center provides links to numerous resources concerning the Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Virus.
National Library of Medicine (U.S.). Disaster Information Management Research Center
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National Library of Medicine: Ammonia
This resource from the U.S. National Library of Medicine provides comprehensive information on ammonia. Information is divided into into the following categories: (1) Human Health Effects; (2) Emergency Medical Treatment; (3) Animal Toxicity Studies; (4) Metabolism/Pharmacokinetics; (5) Pharmacology; (6) Environmental Fate & Exposure; (7) Environmental Standards & Regulations; (8) Chemical/Physical Properties; (9) Chemical Safety & Handling; (10) Occupational Exposure Standards; (11) Manufacturing/Use Information; (12) Laboratory Methods; (13) Special References; (14) Synonyms and Identifiers; and (15) Administrative Information.
National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
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CDC: Glanders
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Glanders (Burkholderia Mallei). "Glanders is an infectious disease that is caused by the bacterium 'Burkholderia mallei'. While people can get the disease, glanders is primarily a disease affecting horses. It also affects donkeys and mules and can be naturally contracted by other mammals such as goats, dogs, and cats."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Abrin
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Abrin. "Abrin is a natural poison that is found in the seeds of a plant called the rosary pea or jequirity pea. These seeds are red with a black spot covering one end. […] Abrin is similar to ricin, a toxin that is also found in the seeds of a plant (the castor bean plant). […] Abrin is used in medical research because of its potential as a treatment to kill cancer cells. […] Abrin can be made in the form of a powder, a mist, or a pellet, or it can be dissolved in water. […] Powdered abrin is yellowish-white in color. […] Abrin is a stable substance, meaning that it can last for a long time in the environment despite extreme conditions such as very hot or very cold temperatures."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Arsenic
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Arsenic. "Acute ingestion of toxic amounts of inorganic arsenic typically causes severe gastrointestinal signs and symptoms (e.g., vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea). These signs and symptoms might rapidly lead to dehydration and shock. Different clinical manifestations might follow, including dysrhythmias (prolonged QT, T-wave changes), altered mental status, and multisystem organ failure that might ultimately result in death (1-4)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Ammonia
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Ammonia. "The majority of exposures occur by inhalation and typically lead to symptoms of ocular, nasal, and respiratory irritation. Signs and symptoms of poisoning might include eye redness and lacrimation, nose and throat irritation, cough, suffocation or choking sensation, and dyspnea (1-3)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
