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Federal Prisons Monitoring Efforts to Implement COVID-19 Recommendations and Examining First Step Act Implementation, Statement of Gretta L. Goodwin, Director, Homeland Security and Justice, Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security, Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives
From the Highlights: "BOP [Bureau of Prisons] is responsible not only for the supervision and custody of more than 157,000 federal inmates, but also for their health care, safety, and rehabilitation. The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic has strained BOP's institutions, yet BOP's obligation to provide inmates with programs to advance their education and development remains. Further, BOP has ongoing challenges with leadership instability and staff shortages. In response, GAO [Government Accountability Office] raised federal prison management as an emerging issue on its High-Risk List. This statement discusses (1) three recommendations GAO made in July 2021 to enhance BOP's COVID-19 response and efforts to date to address them, and (2) GAO's ongoing review of DOJ's [Department of Justice] and BOP's implementation of FSA [First Step Act] requirements related to inmate assessments and programming. GAO updated information on BOP's activities in response to GAO recommendations, reviewed FSA requirements, and conducted preliminary research to design its audit work."
United States. Government Accountability Office
Goodwin, Gretta L.
2022-01-21
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Lives Saved and Lost in the First Six Month of the US COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cost-Benefit Analysis
From the Abstract: "In the beginning of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] US epidemic in March 2020, sweeping lockdowns and other aggressive measures were put in place and retained in many states until end of August of 2020; the ensuing economic downturn has led many to question the wisdom of the early COVID-19 policy measures in the US. This study's objective was to evaluate the cost and benefit of the US COVID-19-mitigating policy intervention during the first six month of the pandemic in terms of COVID-19 mortality potentially averted, versus mortality potentially attributable to the economic downturn. We conducted a synthesis-based retrospective cost-benefit analysis of the full complex of US federal, state, and local COVID-19-mitigating measures, including lockdowns and all other COVID-19-mitigating measures, against the counterfactual scenario involving no public health intervention. We derived parameter estimates from a rapid review and synthesis of recent epidemiologic studies and economic literature on regulation-attributable mortality. According to our estimates, the policy intervention saved 866,350-1,711,150 lives (4,886,214-9,650,886 quality-adjusted life-years), while mortality attributable to the economic downturn was 57,922-245,055 lives (2,093,811- 8,858,444 life-years). We conclude that the number of lives saved by the spring-summer lockdowns and other COVID-19-mitigation was greater than the number of lives potentially lost due to the economic downturn. However, the net impact on quality-adjusted life expectancy is ambiguous."
Public Library of Science
Yakusheva, Olga; Van den Broek-Altenburg, Eline; Brekke, Gayle . . .
2022-01-21
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Latin America and the Caribbean: Impact of COVID-19 [Updated January 21, 2022]
From the Document: "The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having widespread economic, social, and political effects on Latin America and the Caribbean. As of January 19, 2022, the region had almost 1.57 million deaths (28.2% of deaths worldwide). Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Colombia, and Argentina had the region's highest numbers of deaths. Looking at deaths per 100,000 people, Peru had the highest recorded COVID-19 mortality rate in the region, followed by Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Paraguay (see 'Table 1' [hyperlink]). In its January 19, 2022, weekly press briefing on the pandemic, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) reported that COVID-19 infections were increasing in most countries in the region because of the Omicron variant."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Meyer, Peter J.; Sullivan, Mark P.
2022-01-21
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Supreme Court Stays OSHA Vaccination and Testing Standard [January 21, 2022]
From the Document: "On January 13, 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court stayed the enforcement of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and testing emergency temporary standard (ETS) for employers with 100 or more employees. [...] The Court indicated that, although COVID-19 is a risk that occurs in many workplaces, if OSHA were allowed to regulate COVID-19 when it is transmissible 'at home, in schools, during sporting events, and everywhere else that people gather,' it is not an occupational hazard in most workplaces and OSHA's authority would be expanded significantly without clear congressional authorization. This Sidebar provides an overview of the ETS and the Court's decision, and concludes with a few considerations for Congress following the Court's stay."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Shimabukuro, Jon O.
2022-01-21
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MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, January 21, 2022
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This issue of MMWR contains the following: "Zika-Associated Birth Defects Reported in Pregnancies with Laboratory Evidence of Confirmed or Possible Zika Virus Infection -- U.S. Zika Pregnancy and Infant Registry, December 1, 2015-March 31, 2018"; "Use of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine in Immunocompromised Adults Aged ≥19 Years: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices -- United States, 2022"; "Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication -- Afghanistan, January 2020-November 2021"; "Use of the Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Vaccine: Updated Interim Recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices -- United States, December 2021"; "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Receipt of Medications for Treatment of COVID-19 -- United States, March 2020-August 2021"; "Notes from the Field: Early Evidence of the SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant in Community Wastewater -- United States, November-December 2021"; "QuickStats: Percentage of Children Aged 2-17 Years With >2 Hours of Screen Time Per Weekday, by Sex and Age Group -- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2020." An erratum for this issue has been published here: [https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7108a6.htm?s_cid=mm7108a6_w]. Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-01-21
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Global Changes in Electricity Consumption During COVID-19
From the Summary: "Understanding how the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic has altered electricity consumption can provide insights into society's responses to future shocks and other extreme events. We quantify changes in electricity consumption in 58 different countries/regions around the world from January-October 2020 and examine how those changes relate to government restrictions, health outcomes, GDP [gross domestic product], mobility metrics, and electricity sector characteristics in different countries. We cluster the timeseries of electricity consumption changes to identify impact groupings that capture systematic differences in timing, depth of initial changes, and recovery rate, revealing substantial heterogeneity. Results show that stricter government restrictions and larger decreases in mobility (particularly retail and recreation) are most tightly linked to decreases in electricity consumption, although these relationships are strongest during the initial phase of the pandemic. We find indications that decreases in electricity consumption relate to pre-pandemic sensitivity to holidays, suggesting a new direction for future research."
Cell Press
Buechler, Elizabeth; Powell, Siobhan; Sun, Tao . . .
2022-01-21
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Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program Phase III Fraud Controls
From the Introduction: "The Pandemic Response Accountability Committee (PRAC) is responsible for conducting oversight of pandemic-related funds and preventing and detecting fraud. We conducted this project -- in coordination with the Small Business Administration (SBA) Office of Inspector General (OIG) and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) -- to examine antifraud controls used by the SBA in its Restaurant Revitalization Fund (RRF) to prevent the types of fraud that the SBA experienced with the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). [...] To gain insight into the effectiveness of these controls, we initiated a limited scope evaluation on April 29, 2021, to examine whether Phase III PPP controls would have likely detected the fraud identified in PPP criminal cases. This report includes a discussion of the SBA's PPP controls and an evaluation of whether any fraud risks remain that would require additional controls to prevent or detect the earlier fraud found in PPP criminal cases." This document includes charts, tables, and graphs to illustrate the text.
Pandemic Response Accountability Committee
2022-01-21
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Great Resignation and COVID-19: Impact on Public Sector Employment and How Employers Can Help [infographic]
From the Document: "In November/December 2021, MissionSquare Research Institute conducted an online survey of 1,100 state and local government employees, fielded by Greenwald Research, to assess the impact of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic on public sector workers (prior surveys were conducted in May 2020, October/November 2020, and May 2021). Final data were weighted by gender, age, income, and industry type to reflect the distribution of the state and local government workforce as found in the U.S. Census Bureau's Current Population Survey and the U.S. Census of Governments." This infographic illustrates survey results for public sector employees considering leaving their jobs, the trend in considering changing jobs, why employees are leaving, and employee views on how public employers can curb the Great Resignation.
MissionSquare Research Institute
2022-01-20?
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Testing as an Alternative to Quarantining: Key Considerations and Best Practices for Implementing Test to Stay
From the Introduction: "As schools reopened for in-person instruction for the 2021-2022 academic year, students, families, and teachers expressed concerns about the effectiveness of Covid-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] safety protocols and the burden of quarantines. In 2021, states reported lower in-person student attendance compared to previous years, with students missing in-person days due to quarantine after being identified as close contacts of classmates who tested positive for Covid-19. [...] State policymakers and school administrators across the U.S. began piloting programs in 2021 to safely increase in-person instruction time that otherwise would be lost to quarantining students who did not ultimately test positive for Covid-19. Under a 'Test to Stay' program (also called a 'close contact testing program'), certain close contacts [hyperlink] of a person who tests positive for Covid-19 undergo repeated testing after an exposure and can stay in school as long as they continue to test negative. [...] In this issue brief, we provide states considering Test to Stay programs in K-12 schools practical guidance on key technical and health equity strategies to inform planning, design, and implementation efforts."
Duke University. Margolis Center for Health Policy
Thoumi, Andrea; Roades, Thomas; Silcox, Christina . . .
2022-01-19
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Management Advisory Regarding Results from Research for Future Audits and Evaluations Related to the Effects of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus on DoD Operations
From the DoD Cares Act Funds: "The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that can cause a wide spectrum of symptoms. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, and on March 13, 2020, the President declared the COVID-19 pandemic a national emergency. Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act enacted on March 27, 2020, the DoD received $10.6 billion in funding to prevent, prepare for, and respond to COVID-19, domestically and internationally. [...] The rest of the report discusses the DoD's use of the CARES Act funds and areas of concern over the reporting status of DoD's CARES Act funds."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
2022-01-19
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State and Federal Authority to Mandate COVID-19 Vaccination [Updated January 18, 2022]
From the Summary: "The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines licensed or authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are a critical tool to reduce the spread and severity of COVID-19. FDA initially authorized the vaccines, between December 2020 and February 2021, under Section 564 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), a regulatory pathway that allows certain medical products to be made available in the market prior to full FDA approval under specified circumstances, including during a public health emergency. In August 2021, FDA licensed the first COVID-19 vaccine, Pfizer's Comirnaty, for the prevention of COVID-19 in individuals 16 years of age and older, after determining that the vaccine, for the licensed use, meets the standards for safety, purity, and potency (i.e., effectiveness) under the Public Health Service Act. Given the data supporting the safety and efficacy of the licensed and authorized COVID-19 vaccines, many public health experts view promoting high COVID-19 vaccination rates--along with continued engagement in community mitigation activities that prevent transmission, such as mask wearing in certain settings--as key components of the United States' pandemic response. [...] This report provides an overview of state and federal authority to mandate vaccination."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Shen, Wen W.
2022-01-18
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Status of Federal COVID-19 Vaccination Mandate Litigation [Updated January 18, 2022]
From the Document: "In 2021, various federal, state [hyperlink], and private [hyperlink] entities instituted Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination requirements to address the pandemic, particularly as the Delta variant [hyperlink]--a highly contagious strain of SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] (the virus that causes COVID-19)--spread in the United States. The federal COVID-19 vaccination requirements issued to date by the President or executive agencies include those directed at (1) federal executive agency civilian employees [hyperlink] (federal employee mandate); (2) federal contractors for executive departments, agencies, and offices [hyperlink] (federal contractor mandate); (3) most Medicare- and Medicaid-certified providers and suppliers [hyperlink] (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' [CMS's] Medicare/Medicaid provider mandate); and (4) employers with 100 or more employees [hyperlink] (Occupational Safety and Health Administration's [OSHA's] large employer vaccination and testing mandate). These employment- or workforce-based mandates--subject to accommodations required by federal law--either directly require certain employees to receive COVID-19 vaccinations or direct certain employers to impose a vaccination or vaccination-and-testing requirement on their employees or staff. These federal vaccination mandates have generated numerous legal challenges that have moved quickly through the courts. To date, some of these mandates have been enjoined by courts either on a nationwide basis or only in certain states."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Shen, Wen W.
2022-01-18
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COVID-19 Mask Usage and Social Distancing in Social Media Images: Large-Scale Deep Learning Analysis
From the Abstract: "The adoption of nonpharmaceutical interventions and their surveillance are critical for detecting and stopping possible transmission routes of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. A study of the effects of these interventions can help shape public health decisions. The efficacy of nonpharmaceutical interventions can be affected by public behaviors in events, such as protests. We examined mask use and mask fit in the United States, from social media images, especially during the Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests, representing the first large-scale public gatherings in the pandemic. [...] This study assessed the use and fit of face masks and social distancing in the United States and events of large physical gatherings through public social media images from 6 cities and BLM protests." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2022/1/e26868].
JMIR Publications
Singh, Asmit Kumar; Mehan, Paras; Sharma, Divyanshu . . .
2022-01-18
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SBA's Oversight of the Grant Recipient's Implementation of the Cares Act Resource Partners Training Portal
From the Executive Summary: "Our objective was to determine whether SBA [Small Business Administration] provided effective oversight to ensure the portal was implemented in accordance with CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act and grant requirements. To meet our objective, we reviewed applicable legislation and federal regulations, as well as SBA's grant management policies and oversight procedures. We also reviewed the funding opportunity announcement, notice of award, and the grant recipient's technical proposal. Finally, we interviewed program officials and the grant recipient. [...] We found SBA ensured the grant recipient developed and launched the hub on schedule, the hub functioned properly and met the technical requirements for federal websites. However, SBA did not ensure the grant recipient developed and implemented an effective marketing and outreach strategy to ensure the hub successfully achieved the legislative purpose of the CARES Act. In addition, neither SBA nor the grant recipient set targets for any of the performance goals."
United States. Small Business Administration. Office of the Inspector General
2022-01-18
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Patterns of Suicide Ideation Across Eight Countries in Four Continents During the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: Repeated Cross-Sectional Study
From the Abstract: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic and countries' response measures have had a globally significant mental health impact. This mental health burden has also been fueled by an infodemic: an information overload that includes misinformation and disinformation. Suicide, the worst mental health outcome, is a serious public health problem that can be prevented with timely, evidence-based, and often low-cost interventions. Suicide ideation, one important risk factor for suicide, is thus important to measure and monitor, as are the factors that may impact on it. [...] This investigation had 2 primary aims: (1) to estimate and compare country-specific prevalence of suicide ideation at 2 different time points, overall and by gender and age groups, and (2) to investigate the influence of sociodemographic and infodemic variables on suicide ideation. [...] Suicide ideation is prevalent and significantly increasing over time in this COVID-19 pandemic era, with considerable variability between countries. Younger adults and those residing in Hong Kong carried disproportionately higher rates. Social media appears to have an increasingly detrimental association with suicide ideation, although having a stronger SOC [sense of coherence] had a larger protective effect. Policies and promotion of SOC, together with disseminating health information that explicitly tackles the infodemic's misinformation and disinformation, may importantly reduce the rising mental health morbidity and mortality triggered by this pandemic." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2022/1/e32140].
JMIR Publications
Schluter, Philip J.; Généreux, Mélissa; Hung, Kevin KC . . .
2022-01-17
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, January 14, 2022: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Receipt of Medications for Treatment of COVID-19 -- United States, March 2020-August 2021
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Receipt of Medications for Treatment of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] -- United States, March 2020-August 2021." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from MMWR can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-01-14
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MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, January 14, 2022
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This issue of MMWR contains the following: "Evaluation of State-Led Surveillance of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome -- Six U.S. States, 2018-2021"; "Trends in Breast Cancer Incidence, by Race, Ethnicity, and Age Among Women Aged ≥20 Years -- United States, 1999-2018"; "Impact of the DREAMS [Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored and Safe] Program on New HIV Diagnoses in Adolescent Girls and Young Women Attending Antenatal Care -- Lesotho, 2015-2020"; "Effectiveness of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] Vaccination Against Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Among Persons Aged 12-18 Years -- United States, July-December 2021"; "Risk for Newly Diagnosed Diabetes >30 Days After SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] Infection Among Persons Aged
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-01-14
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State Immigrant Rights Highlights 2021: Advancing Community Health and Well-Being
From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic has forced the country to confront longstanding racial and economic disparities in access to care and assistance, as well as the harmful consequences of policing and carceral systems. States and localities increasingly recognized the need to ensure that all residents have access to health care, financial support, and safe working conditions. Advocates pressed for new approaches to immigration, health care, economic justice, and public safety. In 2021, states adopted policies improving access to health care, higher education, and professional licenses for immigrants; protecting the rights of workers and tenants; investing in access to counsel; strengthening driver and consumer privacy; and limiting local entanglement in federal immigration enforcement efforts. States and localities also assisted individuals excluded by federal COVID relief legislation - by offering access to care, rental assistance, tax credits, or other economic support. And local governments continued to explore how to shift resources from life-threatening carceral and policing strategies to investments in health care, education, and economic opportunities that allow communities to thrive. This report highlights the immigrant inclusive laws enacted in 2021, as well as some pending bills and campaigns."
National Immigration Law Center (U.S.)
Broder, Tanya; Mohyeddin, Isobel; Pak, Sarah Kim
2022-01-14?
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Reasons for Nonuse, Discontinuation of Use, and Acceptance of Additional Functionalities of a COVID-19 Contact Tracing App: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
From the Abstract: "In several countries, contact tracing apps (CTAs) have been introduced to warn users if they have had high-risk contacts that could expose them to SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] and could, therefore, develop COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] or further transmit the virus. For CTAs to be effective, a sufficient critical mass of users is needed. Until now, adoption of these apps in several countries has been limited, resulting in questions on which factors prevent app uptake or stimulate discontinuation of app use. [...] The aim of this study was to investigate individuals' reasons for not using, or stopping use of, a CTA, in particular, the Coronalert app. Users' and nonusers' attitudes toward the app's potential impact was assessed in Belgium. To further stimulate interest and potential use of a CTA, the study also investigated the population's interest in new functionalities." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2022/1/e22113].
JMIR Publications
Walrave, Michel; Waeterloos, Cato; Ponnet, Koen
2022-01-14
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Protection Denied: Humanitarian Consequences at the U.S. Southern Border One Year into the Biden Administration
From the Executive Summary: "On February 2, 2021, less than two weeks after taking office, the Biden administration issued a series of presidential actions regarding immigration, including an executive order to provide safe and orderly processing of asylum seekers at the United States border. The executive order promised to restore and strengthen the U.S. asylum system through safe, orderly, and humane reception and processing of asylum seekers at the border, noting that immigrants have made the U.S. stronger and better for generations and that policies enacted under the Trump administration contravened U.S. values and caused needless suffering."
International Rescue Committee
2022-01-14?
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Five Inequities in Health Care
From the Document: "Much has been written about cost and coverage issues in the American health care system, particularly since the onset of the pandemic. But there needs to be an equally loud clarion call to address massive inequities in health care. These disparities are unfortunately not a new phenomenon, but little progress has been made toward reaching a more equitable and just system. In this report, we analyze inequity throughout the health care system, breaking down the central issues into ve core areas: access to care, cost of care, health outcomes, social factors, and the impact of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. Understanding these inequities is imperative to reforming health care so it provides the best possible care to all people."
Third Way
Ahmadi, Ladan; Murdock, Kylie
2022-01-14
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Europe, COVID-19, and U.S. Relations [Updated January 14, 2022]
From the Document: "Like most of the rest of the world, European governments and the European Union (EU) have struggled to manage the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. European leaders have characterized the pandemic as Europe's biggest challenge since the Second World War, with potentially far-reaching political, social, and economic consequences beyond the public health impact. Members of Congress may be interested in COVID-19's implications for U.S. relations with Europe, including in NATO and with the EU, and in how the pandemic might alter certain U.S.- European dynamics, especially vis-à-vis China."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin; Belkin, Paul; Garding, Sarah E. . . .
2022-01-14
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On the Horizon: What to Watch in 2022
From the Document: 'The world in 2021 continued to roil with the ongoing COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, intensifying competition between the world's major powers, questions of trust inside many of the world's leading democracies, and natural disasters made more intense by the effects of climate extremes. As we look to what is on the horizon in 2022, we contend with a geopolitical situation of greater uncertainty than at any time since the end of the Cold War. The Wilson Center strives to provide policymakers with industry-leading expertise that is trustworthy, nonpartisan, and rooted in the values expressed in our congressional charter: "symbolizing and strengthening the fruitful relation between the world of learning and the world of public affairs." In this spirit, we present On the Horizon - What to Watch in 2022.'
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
2022-01-12?
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New Data: The Changes in Prisons, Jails, Probation, and Parole in the First Year of the Pandemic
From the Webpage: "The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) has released a lot of new data over the past few weeks that help us finally see -- both nationally and state-by-state -- how policy choices made in the first year of the pandemic impacted correctional populations. Unsurprisingly, the numbers document the tragedy of thousands of lives lost behind bars, and evidence of some of the policy decisions that contributed to the death toll. Drilling down, we also see a (very) few reasons to be hopeful and, for those of us paying close attention, a few notable improvements in what the BJS is able to collect and how they report it. Above all, we see how quickly things 'can' change -- for better or for worse -- when under pressure, and discuss some of the issues and policy choices these data tell us to watch out for."
Prison Policy Initiative
Sawyer, Wendy
2022-01-11
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Policies for the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in New Mexico
From the Background and Purpose: "The purpose of this document is to provide the most current guidance for the public, healthcare providers, and employers who may be involved in a COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] public health investigation or have general questions about what to do if they or someone they know tests positive for COVID-19 or may have been exposed to someone who has COVID-19. The policies contained in this guide are based on the best scientific information available as of the document date found on the cover page. These policies will be updated as new information becomes available. This document will also be updated as Executive and Public Health Orders change over the course of this public health emergency. This guidance is designed to help New Mexico contain and prevent COVID-19 among our states' residents"
New Mexico. Department of Health
Grisham, Michelle Lujan; Scrase, David R.
2022-01-10
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, January 7, 2022: Effectiveness of BNT162B2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA Vaccination Against Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Among Persons Aged 12-18 Years -- United States, July-December 2021
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, January 7, 2022: Effectiveness of BNT162B2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA [messenger ribonucleic acid] Vaccination Against Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Among Persons Aged 12-18 Years -- United States, July-December 2021." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from MMWR can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-01-07
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MMWR Early Release: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, January 7, 2022: Risk for Newly Diagnosed Diabetes >30 Days After Sars-Cov-2 Infection Among Persons Aged <18 Years -- United States, March 1, 2020-June 28, 2021
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "Risk for Newly Diagnosed Diabetes >30 Days After SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] Infection Among Persons Aged
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-01-07
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Status of Federal COVID-19 Vaccination Mandate Litigation [January 7, 2022]
From the Document: "During 2021, various federal, state [hyperlink], and private [hyperlink] entities instituted Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination requirements to address the pandemic, particularly as the Delta variant [hyperlink]--a highly contagious strain of SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] (the virus that causes COVID-19)--spread in the United States. The federal COVID-19 vaccination requirements issued to date by the President or executive agencies include those directed at (1) federal executive agency civilian employees [hyperlink] (federal employee mandate); (2) federal contractors for executive departments, agencies, and offices [hyperlink] (federal contractor mandate); (3) most Medicare- and Medicaid-certified providers and suppliers [hyperlink] (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' [CMS'] Medicare/Medicaid provider mandate); and (4) employers with 100 or more employees [hyperlink] (Occupational Safety and Health Administration's [OSHA's] large employer vaccination and testing mandate). These employment- or workforce-based mandates--subject to accommodations required by federal law--either directly require certain employees to receive COVID-19 vaccinations or direct certain employers to impose a vaccination or vaccination-and-testing requirement on their employees or staff. These federal vaccination mandates have generated numerous legal challenges that have moved quickly through the courts. To date, some of these mandates have been enjoined by courts either on a nationwide basis or only in certain states."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Shen, Wen W.
2022-01-07
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MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, January 7, 2022
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This issue of MMWR contains the following: "Adults Meeting Fruit and Vegetable Intake Recommendations -- United States, 2019"; "Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking During Pregnancy Among Adults Aged 18-49 Years -- United States, 2018-2020"; "Firearm Homicides and Suicides in Major Metropolitan Areas -- United States, 2015-2016 and 2018-2019"; "Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Outcomes Among Persons Aged ≥18 Years Who Completed a Primary COVID-19 Vaccination Series -- 465 Health Care Facilities, United States, December 2020-October 2021"; "Receipt of COVID-19 Vaccine During Pregnancy and Preterm or Small-for-Gestational-Age at Birth -- Eight Integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 15, 2020-July 22, 2021"; "'Notes from the Field': Three Human Rabies Deaths Attributed to Bat Exposures -- United States, August 2021"; and "'QuickStats': Distribution of Emergency Department Visits Made by Adults, by Age and Number of Chronic Conditions -- United States, 2017-2019." An erratum for this issue can be found here: [https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7104a4.htm?s_cid=mm7104a4_w]. Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2022.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2022-01-07
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Role of Information and Communications Technology Policies and Infrastructure in Curbing the Spread of the Novel Coronavirus: Cross-Country Comparative Study
From the Abstract: "Despite worldwide efforts, control of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] transmission and its after effects is lagging. As seen from the cases of SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] and influenza, worldwide crises associated with infections and their side effects are likely to recur in the future because of extensive international interactions. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify the factors that can mitigate disease spread. We observed that the transmission speed and severity of consequences of COVID-19 varied substantially across countries, signaling the need for a country-level investigation. [...] We aimed to investigate how distancing-enabling information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure and medical ICT infrastructure, and related policies have affected the cumulative number of confirmed cases, fatality rate, and initial speed of transmission across different countries." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2022/1/e31066].
JMIR Publications
Eum, Nam Ji; Kim, Seung-Hyun
2022-01-07
