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• US Emergency Plan for Global COVID-19 Relief: Urgent Action to End the Pandemic Globally and Accelerate US Recovery and Security

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  From the Background: "We are at an exceedingly perilous and urgent moment in the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. The Delta variant, vastly more dangerous and pernicious than the original SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] virus, has rapidly spread worldwide. It has been driving a deadly summer surge in the US; ripping through Latin America; causing Indonesia to become the next Asian hotspot; and fueling a third wave of the pandemic in Africa, where less than two percent of the population has been fully vaccinated [hyperlink]. [...] Unless vaccine delivery capabilities markedly improve, we are headed for a global supply glut, even as the vast majority of people in many countries remain unvaccinated. To prevent this, urgent action is needed to translate doses into vaccinations. [...] The plan's focus should be on immediate emergency relief, but it should be developed and implemented in a manner that advances long-term health system capacity for providing routine immunizations for children and adults, as well as other essential health services. Indeed, accelerating the response to the current crisis would be one of the most effective health systems strengthening initiatives ever undertaken. The plan would also serve as a catalyst and a model for efforts by other high-income nations to use their excess vaccine supplies and technical capabilities to augment the global response more effectively."

  Center for Global Development; Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, D.C.); COVID Collaborative . . .

  2021-08-03
• DHS Needs to Enhance Its COVID-19 Response at the Southwest Border

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  From the Highlights: "In October 2020, in conjunction with the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, the United States began experiencing a surge of migrants at the southwest border, adding increased risk to an unprecedented public health emergency. DHS, in addition to its broad mission, is responsible for helping detect and slow the spread of COVID-19. During this inspection, we received a referral from the Office of Special Counsel concerning the lack of COVID-19 testing at one CBP [U.S. Customs and Border Protection] location. We conducted a limited review to determine to what extent DHS has implemented measures to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 in migrants at the southwest border."

  United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General

  Howes, Shelley; Mosher, Bradley; Wright, Hope . . .

  2021-09-10
• SARS-CoV-2 Testing Prior to International Airline Travel, December 2020-May 2021

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  From the Abstract: "While there have been several case reports and simulation models of SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] transmission associated with air travel, there are limited data to guide testing strategy to minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure and transmission onboard commercial aircraft. Among 9,853 passengers with a negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR [polymerase chain reaction] performed within 72 hours of departure from December 2020 through May 2021, five (0.05%) passengers with active SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified with rapid antigen tests and confirmed with rapid molecular test performed before and after an international flight from the United States to Italy. This translates to a case detection rate of one per 1970 travelers during a time of high prevalence of active infection in the United States. A negative molecular test for SARS-CoV-2 within 72 hours of international airline departure results in a low probability of active infection identified on antigen testing during commercial airline flight." This article will undergo additional copyediting before it is published in its final form.

  Mayo Clinic; Elsevier (Firm)

  Tande, Aaron J.; Binnicker, Matthew J.; Ting, Henry H. . . .

  2021-08-26
• Anti-Vaxxers Movement and National Security

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  From the Abstract: "The article reviews the national security implications of the anti-vaccine movement ('Anti-Vaxxers') in the United States. In addition to reviewing the background and psychology of the Anti-Vaxxers movement, the national security implications of both naturally-occuring [sic] pandemics and bioterrorism are considered."

  Infragard

  Jarrett, Mark; Sublett, Christine

  2019-06
• Arizona Crisis Standards of Care Plan: A Comprehensive and Compassionate Response, 3rd Edition

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  From the Introduction: "The Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) worked with public health, emergency management, first responders, healthcare, legal, and other partners to create this Crisis Standards of Care (CSC) Plan for the State of Arizona. This collaborative, multi-year project included strategic planning sessions, interagency workgroups, and a public engagement campaign. [...] During a public health disaster, the State Disaster Medical Advisory Committee (SDMAC) will convene to develop incident-specific priorities and guidance for the delivery of healthcare and use of scarce medical resources. This guidance may address: [1] Triage for emergency medical services (EMS); [2] Primary, secondary, and tertiary triage for healthcare facilities; [3] Expanded scopes of practice, as approved by regulatory authorities; [4] Priorities for medical resources including space, staff, and supplies; and [5] Considerations for healthcare access points, including hospitals, out-of-hospital facilities, and alternate care sites."

  Arizona. Department of Health Services

  Lawless, Andrew; Ehnert, Teresa; Walter, Frank . . .

  2020
• Crisis Standards of Care Planning Guidance for the COVID-19 Pandemic

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  From the Overview: "In March of 2020, a Crisis Standards of Care Advisory Working Group ('the Working Group') was convened by the Commissioner of Public Health to prepare guidance in the event of the potential scarcity of necessary medical treatment resources in the Commonwealth caused by a surge in need due to the number of people suffering from COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. This Committee included medical experts and ethicists from across the Commonwealth, representing both large academic medical centers and community hospitals, and was charged with expeditiously developing recommendations for ethical, equitable and transparent guidelines for providing acute care during a crisis. The Committee issued its original guidance document on April 7, 2020 ('the Original Guidance'). The Original Guidance drew commentary from a number of groups and individuals, including advocates for residents with disabilities, older adults, and communities of color. The Committee and the Department carefully considered these comments and issued revised Guidance on April 20, 2020 ('the Revised Guidance'). Additional comments were received from various advocacy groups after publication of the Revised Guidance and the Secretary of the Executive Office of Health and Human Services and the Commissioner of Public Health agreed to revisit the Revised Guidance in the late summer of 2020 in preparation for any spike in COVID-19 case in the Fall or Winter of 2020."

  Massachusetts

  2020-10-20
• Enough to Eat: The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Insecurity and the Food Environment in L. A. County April 2020 -September 2021

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  From the Introduction: "The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 posed unique and significant challenges for urban areas. The high concentrations of economic activity and population density made these regions hotspots for infections. With nearly 10 million residents accounting for 27% of California's population, Los Angeles County was no exception. [...] 'Food insecurity' refers to disruptions in food access and regular eating because of limited money or other resources. Although food insecurity often results in hunger, it is also linked to a host of negative physical and mental health outcomes for children and adults, including poor nutrition, problems with mental health, cognition, and sleep, and greater risk for diet-related diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. [...] '[T]his final report summarizes the current state of food insecurity in L.A. County'. We find that rates of food insecurity have declined since the onset of the pandemic, but 1 in 10 households remained food insecure in the first half of 2021. This report also 'describes access to food outlets and food assistance during the pandemic, and variability and vulnerability in food access', using innovative data and analytics to understand the complexity of the L.A. County food environment. We conclude with recommendations based on this analysis and our 16 months of research."

  University of Southern California. Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences; Keck School of Medicine; Los Angeles County (Calif.) . . .

  de la Haye, Kayla; Wilson, John P. (John Peter), 1955-; Bruine de Bruin, Wändi . . .

  2021-10-20?
• Federal Hiring: OPM Should Collect and Share COVID-19 Lessons Learned to Inform Hiring During Future Emergencies, Report to Congressional Addressees

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  From the Highlights: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic has had far-reaching effects on federal programs and operations. To address this public health crisis, Congress and the administration made several hiring authorities available to agencies to hire staff with the needed skills to effectively respond to the pandemic. The CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act includes a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to report on ongoing monitoring and oversight efforts related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This report examines: (1) the new hiring authorities provided to federal agencies for COVID-19 response and the extent to which selected agencies have used them; (2) selected agencies' experiences using those hiring authorities, including lessons learned; and (3) OPM [Office of Personnel Management]'s efforts to assess agencies' use of the COVID-19 related hiring authorities."

  United States. Government Accountability Office

  2021-10
• Increasing Transparency into COVID-19 Spending

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  From the Background: "In March 2020 the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act created the Pandemic Response Accountability Committee (PRAC) to promote transparency and conduct and support oversight of pandemic-related funds and the response to the Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). The objective of this review was to identify specific gaps in transparency in award data for federal assistance spending in response to COVID-19. We conducted the review in accordance with the Quality Standards for Inspection and Evaluation issued by the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency (CIGIE)."

  Pandemic Response Accountability Committee

  2021-10-20
• Crime in California during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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  From the Introduction: "As the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic struck the US in early 2020 and led to social dislocations, financial and health stresses, and alterations in our daily routines, crime rates in California and across the country also changed, sometimes in unpredictable ways. Throughout the nation, there have been widely cited media reports [hyperlink] of increases in homicide rates [hyperlink], aggravated assaults, and gun-related violence [hyperlink]. Additionally, there have been reports [hyperlink] of sizable increases in auto theft across the country. At the same time, many law enforcement agencies reported declines in the types of offenses that tend to increase with the volume of social interactions, such as robbery and larceny theft. In this brief, we use Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) data published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), California Department of Justice (DOJ) data, and US Census data to assess the degree to which crime in 2020 changed relative to crime in 2019 in California. We also compare crime trends in California to trends in other states. This policy brief expands on testimony [hyperlink] provided to the California Committee on the Revision of the Penal Code, and includes 437 municipalities, whereas the testimony only included municipalities with over 100,000 people."

  California Policy Lab

  Bird, Mia; Gill, Omair; Lacoe, Johanna . . .

  2021-09
• COVID-19: Federal Agencies' Initial Reentry and Workplace Safety Planning, Report to Congressional Addressee

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  From the Government Accountability Office (GAO) Highlights: "The federal government employs approximately 2.8 million civilian workers, a workforce that plays an important role in maintaining vital government services. The White House, OMB [Office of Management and Budget], and other cognizant agencies issued guidance to support federal agencies as they developed tailored plans for bringing the federal workforce back to offices and safely conducting on-site work. The CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act included a provision for GAO to monitor and oversee the federal government's response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. This report (1) examines agencies' approaches to initial reentry planning, (2) assesses the extent to which agencies' workplace safety plans are consistent with federal guidance, and (3) examines the coordination and oversight of federal reentry and workplace safety planning across the government. GAO analyzed federal guidance from cognizant agencies to identify crosscutting themes for reentry planning, and reviewed OMB guidance on workplace safety principles. GAO assessed workplace safety plans, reentry plans, and relevant documentation from the 24 CFO [Chief Financial Office] Act agencies against the themes and principles identified in guidance and interviewed agency officials. GAO also reviewed guidance to identify oversight and coordination responsibilities and reviewed prior GAO work on pandemic preparedness and interagency collaboration."

  United States. Government Accountability Office

  2021-10
• COVID-19 State of Vaccine Confidence Insights Report 15 (August 31 - September 13, 2021)

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  From the Summary: "Consumer and media interest in vaccination requirements increased significantly following President Biden's announcement of a COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] action plan to boost vaccination rates on September 9, 2021. Some consumers and news outlets defended the announcement, highlighting that vaccination requirements are not new; some even wished the requirements applied to more people. Other consumers reacted negatively, telling others '#DoNotComply' and claiming that vaccination requirements are authoritarian, illegal, and an attack on their personal freedoms. Some consumers expressed confusion and frustration with the effectiveness of the vaccines to decrease the spread of COVID-19 and protect against severe COVID-19 symptoms. Some social media users and news releases continued to pose questions about the strength of natural immunity or promoted the idea that natural immunity is superior to vaccine-mediated immunity. Social media users expressed disappointment and belief that the United States has not, and will not, contain the COVID-19 outbreak."

  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)

  2021-09-27
• COVID-19 State of Vaccine Confidence Insights Report 16 (September 14 - 27, 2021)

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  From the Summary: "President Biden's September 9, 2021 call for COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] vaccine requirements continued to drive social media conversations, news articles, and responses from politicians opposed to the requirements. In summary, there continues to be vocal opposition among a segment of social media users to the announcement and general workplace vaccine requirements. The US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (VRBPAC) voted on September 17, 2021, to approve the administration of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses. On September 24, CDC's [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's] Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) also approved the administration of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses. On September 20, 2021, Pfizer and BioNTech announced they submitted data to the FDA on COVID-19 vaccine trial data in children ages 5 to 11 years. This announcement was accompanied by increased consumer interest in vaccinating children including when they will be available and safety and efficacy data. Finally, consumers continued to exhibit interest in safety and efficacy data on booster doses and where they could find them."

  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)

  2021-10-15
• Mexican Drug Trafficking and Cartel Operations Amid COVID-19 [Updated October 14, 2021]

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  From the Document: "Mexico is a primary producer and transit country for illicit drugs destined [hyperlink] for the United States. Policymakers, including many in Congress, have closely watched how the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting illicit drug flow patterns out of Mexico, including the flow of potent opioids. Any changes could affect the extent to which Mexico-based transnational criminal organizations (TCOs), popularly described as cartels, pose a law enforcement and national security threat to the United States. Despite early supply chain disruptions, U.S.-bound illicit drug supplies appear to have returned to pre-pandemic levels; illicit fentanyl flows in particular appear to be thriving."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Beittel, June S.; Rosen, Liana W.

  2021-10-14
• Latin America and the Caribbean: Impact of COVID-19 [Updated October 15, 2021]

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  From the Document: "The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having widespread economic, social, and political effects on Latin America and the Caribbean. As of October 14, 2021, the region had 45.4 million confirmed cases (almost 19% of cases worldwide) and more than 1.5 million deaths (almost 31% of deaths worldwide). Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Colombia, and Argentina had the region's highest numbers of deaths. Looking at mortality (death) rates per 100,000 population, Peru had the highest recorded COVID-19 mortality rate in the region, followed by Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Paraguay[.] In its weekly press briefing on the pandemic on October 13, 2021, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) reported that COVID-19 infections were declining in Central America, although cases remained high in Belize. In South America, PAHO reported that new infections were dropping across the continent but noted some spikes within countries, including the greater Caracas area of Venezuela and Chile's southernmost regions. In the Caribbean, PAHO reported that Barbados was experiencing the highest number of cases since the pandemic began, as well as increased cases in the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and some smaller islands, including Antigua and Barbuda. [...] The rollout of vaccines has varied considerably, and there is concern that widespread vaccine access in some countries could be delayed until late 2022 or 2023, making populations vulnerable to new waves and more transmittable variants of the virus."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Meyer, Peter J.; Sullivan, Mark P.

  2021-10-15
• Social Security Financial Status: How the 2021 Annual Report Addressed the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic [October 15, 2021]

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  From the Document: "Social Security is a self-financing program that in 2021 covers approximately 176 million workers and provides monthly cash benefits to over 65 million beneficiaries. It is the federal government's largest program in terms of both the number of people affected (i.e., covered workers and beneficiaries) and its finances. Social Security is composed of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) and Disability Insurance (DI), referred to collectively as OASDI. The financial status of Social Security helps to determine the program's ability to pay fully scheduled benefits on time--that is, the ability to provide monthly payments to current and future beneficiaries. At a basic level, the financial status of Social Security is simply the relationship among revenues, cost, and the holdings in trust funds. [...] News articles during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and the ensuing recession highlighted potential ways that Social Security and its beneficiaries could be adversely affected."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Huston, Barry F.

  2021-10-15
• COVID-19-Related Impact on the Banking Industry: Conditions in the Second Quarter 2021 [October 13, 2021]

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  From the Document: "Bank regulation is designed to allow banks to withstand some amount of unexpected losses. Some observers have worried that the economic ramifications of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic could result in enough borrowers missing loan payments to cause distress for banks [hyperlink]. This Insight presents bank industry statistics through the second quarter 2021 and examines how the pandemic might be affecting the industry."

  Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

  Gnanarajah, Raj; Scott, Andrew P.

  2021-10-13
• COVID-19: Additional Actions Needed to Improve Accountability and Program Effectiveness of Federal Response, Report to Congressional Committees

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  From the Highlights: "As of September 23, 2021, the U.S. had about 43 million reported cases of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] and about 699,000 reported deaths, according to CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]. The country also continues to experience economic repercussions from the pandemic. Six relief laws, including the CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act, had been enacted as of August 31, 2021, to address the public health and economic threats posed by COVID-19. As of that same date (the most recent for which governmentwide data was available), the federal government had obligated a total of $3.9 trillion and expended $3.4 trillion of the $4.8 trillion in COVID-19 relief funds that had been appropriated by these six laws, as reported by federal agencies. The CARES Act includes a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to report on its ongoing monitoring and oversight efforts related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This report examines the federal government's continued efforts to respond to, and recover from, the COVID-19 pandemic."

  United States. Government Accountability Office

  2021-10
• Pandemic Oversight [website]

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  From the Website: "[The Pandemic Response Accountability Committee is] here to help you understand how the federal government has responded to the pandemic. We show you data on where pandemic program funding money was spent.  Our committee of 22 Inspectors General [hyperlink], along with our other law enforcement partners, uses the data you'll find on our website along with other data to detect and combat fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement of any pandemic-related programs and funding."

  Pandemic Response Accountability Committee
• Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee Meeting: EUA Amendment Request for Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine for Use in Children 5 Through 11 Years of Age

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  From the Executive Summary: "On October 6, 2021, Pfizer submitted a request to FDA to amend its Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) to expand use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Vaccine (BNT162b2) for prevention of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] in individuals 5 through 11 years of age (hereafter 5-11 years of age). The proposed dosing regimen is a 2-dose primary series, 10 µg mRNA/per dose, administered 3 weeks apart. This EUA request initially included safety data from 1,518 BNT162b2 recipients and 750 placebo (saline) recipients 5-11 years of age who are enrolled in the Phase 2/3 portion (Cohort 1) of an ongoing randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, C4591007. [...] This October 26, 2021 VRPBAC [sic] [Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee] meeting is being held to discuss whether, based on the totality of scientific evidence available, the benefits of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine when administered as a 2-dose series (10 µg each dose, 3 weeks apart) outweigh its risks for use in children 5-11 years of age."

  United States. Food and Drug Administration

  2021-10-26
• ERO COVID-19 Pandemic Response Requirements

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  From the Purpose and Scope: "The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic Response Requirements (PRR) sets forth expectations and assists ICE detention facility operators in sustaining detention operations while mitigating risk to the safety and wellbeing of detainees, staff, contractors, visitors, and stakeholders due to COVID-19. The ERO PRR builds upon previously issued guidance and sets forth specific mandatory requirements to be adopted by 'all' detention facilities, as well as recommended best practices, to ensure that detainees are appropriately housed and that available mitigation measures are implemented during this unprecedented public health crisis."

  U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

  2021-10-19
• Building Back Resilient: Strengthening Communities Through the COVID-19 Recovery

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  From the Executive Summary: "'This report aims to understand how the coronavirus outbreak has impacted social cohesion and integration. It asks what the post-pandemic environment will look like when it comes to community resilience, and what is needed to ensure that the economic hit imposed by COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] does not exacerbate tensions in communities. Ultimately, it asks how we can 'build back better' when it comes to cohesion, so that the period of hardship which is likely to follow the coronavirus pandemic does not harm resilience.' The COVID-19 pandemic will lead to a period of real economic difficulty for the UK. It has effectively created a 'perfect storm' - exposing weak social infrastructure, accelerating certain types of automation and stretching local authorities, many of which were hit hard by austerity long before the coronavirus. This is not just an economic crisis but one that undermines the resilience of our communities, and puts many at risk of division and rising hate. Our research has consistently shown how, during economically tough periods, resentments and frustrations can brew, and people look for someone to blame. When people have little hope for their own chances in life, it is much harder for them to show openness and compassion for others. And it easier for opportunists to exploit real fears with hatred. The post-pandemic landscape therefore poses enormous challenges for community resilience. This is likely to play out across geographic divides. Our research has consistently found that communities with the greatest anxiety about immigration and multiculturalism are also the ones which have suffered through economic decline, have weak civic, social and economic infrastructure, and feel most distant from power."

  Hope not Hate (Organisation); Paul Hamlyn Foundation

  Carter, Rosie; Clarke, Chris

  2021-11
• Association Between COVID-19 Relief Funds and Hospital Characteristics in the US

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  From the Abstract: "In response to financial stress created by the reduction in care during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, hospitals received financial assistance through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act program. To date, the allocation of CARES Act funding is not well understood. [...] This cross-sectional analysis of US-based hospitals and health systems assesses the hospital characteristics associated with CARES Act funding with linear regression models using linked hospital and health system-level information on CARES Act funding with hospital characteristics from Hospital Cost Report data. [...] The analysis included 952 hospital-level entities with an average payment of $33.6 million, most of which was received during the first payment round. Wide ranges existed in CARES Act funding, with 24% of matched hospitals receiving less than $5 million in funding and 8% receiving more than $50 million. Academic-affiliated hospitals, hospitals with higher pre-COVID-19 assets and hospitals with higher COVID-19 cases received higher levels of funding, while critical access hospitals received lower levels of financial assistance. A 10% increase in hospital assets, endowment size, and COVID-19 cases was associated with 1.4% (95% CI, 0.8% to 2.0%; P = .003), 0.2% (95% CI, 0.1% to 0.3%; P < .001), and 3.5% (95% CI, 2.8% to 4.2%; P < .001) increases in CARES Act funding, respectively. [...] In this cross-sectional study of US hospitals and health systems, findings suggest that High-Impact Distribution CARES Act funds may have disproportionately gone to hospitals that were in a stronger financial situation prior to the pandemic compared with those that were not, but funds also went disproportionately to those that eventually had the most cases."

  Journal of the American Medical Association (Firm)

  Qureshi, Nabeel Shariq; Whaley, Christopher; Briscombe, Brian . . .

  2021-10-22
• Global Strategy for Shaping the Post-COVID-19 World

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  From the Executive Summary: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic is an acute public health and economic crisis that is further destabilizing an already weakened rules-based international system. With cooperation, determination, and resolve, however, the United States and its allies can recover from the crisis and revitalize an adapted rules-based system to bring about decades of future freedom, peace, and prosperity. [...] This strategy outlines the following overarching goals: [1] Mitigate the impact of COVID-19 and recover from the crisis as soon as possible in the health, economic, governance, and defense domains. [2] Seize the historic moment to lead a rejuvenation of an adapted rules-based global system that can endure for decades to come. The strategy focuses on four domains of action: health, economy, governance, and defense. Each domain contains a 'recovery' track, involving actions to limit the damage caused by the pandemic and facilitate a global rebound, and a 'rejuvenation' track, consisting of actions to adapt and reenergize a rules-based global system. Central to this strategy is close coordination among the United States and its allies and partners to leverage their combined economic, diplomatic, military, and scientific might."

  Atlantic Council of the United States. Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security

  Cimmino, Jeffrey; Katz, Rebecca; Kroenig, Matthew . . .

  2020
• Taking Stock: Where Are Geopolitics Headed in the COVID-19 Era?

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  From the Executive Summary: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic is having dramatic effects on everyday life, global prosperity, and international security; its geopolitical implications could be even more profound. At the end of 2019, there was little to indicate that the global order would face an imminent, potentially transformative shock. Now, five months into 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has shattered global health security, devastated the world economy, and accelerated great-power rivalry. [...] This issue brief, the second in the Atlantic Council's series 'Shaping the Post-COVID-19 World Together,' will consider the current state of the pandemic and how it has strained the global rules-based order over the past few months. First, it will consider the origins of the novel coronavirus and how it spread around the world. Next, it will examine how COVID-19 has exacerbated or created pressure points in the global order, highlight uncertainties ahead, and provide recommendations to the United States and its partners for shaping the post-COVID-19 world."

  Atlantic Council of the United States. Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security

  Cimmino, Jeffrey; Kroenig, Matthew; Pavel, Barry

  2020-06
• COVID-19 Pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Opportunity to Rethink Strategic Competition on the Continent

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  From the Document: "In this Perspective, we assess the effects and implications of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] on strategic competition in sub-Saharan Africa. We proceed in three main sections. First, we provide a brief overview of COVID-19 on the continent, highlighting the damage to public health, the political and economic ramifications, and what has worked thus far in slowing the pandemic. Second, we discuss Chinese and Russian influence, those nations' attempts to capitalize on the pandemic, and the extent to which COVID-19 has benefited them. Finally, in conclusion, we offer recommendations for how the United States can expand beyond a competition lens and help African countries respond to the pandemic in ways that are mutually beneficial to all parties--including, in some cases, China. Sub-Saharan Africa is of growing importance on the world stage. This trend will only accelerate in the coming years and decades, requiring broader and deeper--and more-strategic--U.S. engagement on the continent."

  RAND Corporation

  Shurkin, Michael Robert; Noyes, Alexander H. (Alexander Hale), 1982-; Adgie, Mary Kate

  2021-07
• Obedience in Times of COVID-19 Pandemics: A Renewed Governmentality of Unease?

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  From the Abstract: "This article transects and articulates different disciplines and lines of thought in order to understand the redefinitions of the boundaries of political power in times of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019], and the practices which may outlive the potential normalization of the crisis when an efficient vaccine is discovered. We claim that the COVID-19 pandemic is an original form of governmentality by unease articulating three dimensions. First, the basic reaction of modern states when faced with uncertainty to apply national-territorial logics of controls. Second, bureaucracies consider the virus along the frame of a danger to security and organize public health emergencies according to the rules of the game of national security, creating tensions between internal security, public health and the economy because policy makers may be unsure about the priorities and may have privilege border controls. Third, resistance against the chosen national policies show that people are not led by a politics of fear and-or protection, but rather their own concerns about themselves with a peer-to-peer surveillance based on the denunciation of potentially contaminated persons as one key element of their compliance. Contact tracing technologies and strategies of border controls are key elements to analyze. We do so in different contexts: UK, European Union and Turkey."

  Centre Pour La Communication Scientifique Directe. HAL archives-ouerte

  Bigo, Didier; Guild, Elspeth; Kuşkonmaz, Elif Mendos

  2021-10-19
• COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy Within the Critical Infrastructure Workforce

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  From the Document: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] vaccination hesitancy within the critical infrastructure workforce represents a risk to our National Critical Functions and critical infrastructure companies and operations. Employers of workers within the critical infrastructure sectors are essential to reducing vaccine hesitancy within their workforce by becoming messengers of accurate, reliable, and timely information. This CISA [Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency] Insight provides an overview of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and steps that critical infrastructure owners and operators can take to reduce the risk and encourage vaccine acceptance across their critical sectors' workforce."

  United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency

  2021-03
• Building a More Resilient ICT Supply Chain: Lessons Learned During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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  From the Executive Summary: "The impacts of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic on the Information Technology and Communication (ICT) sector's supply chains are still unfolding. To understand how IT [information technology] companies have been impacted, and to identify lessons learned about supply chain vulnerabilities and the potential ways to address them going forward, the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) Task Force, a partnership between the IT and Communications Sector Coordinating Councils and the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) formed a study group (collectively, 'the Study Group'). The goal of the Study Group was to uncover the impacts of COVID-19 on the ICT supply chains and make practical recommendations that can support policy and operational decisions to strengthen and build additional resilience into ICT supply chains in the future. These recommendations can support policy and operational decisions intended to strengthen supply chains going forward. The study also provides a high-level visual mapping of how goods and services flow through the generalized ICT supply chain, from the raw materials stage through to sale to the consumer."

  United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency

  2020-11
• Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce: Ensuring Community and National Resilience in COVID-19 Response [March 28, 2020]

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  From the Document: "As the Nation comes together to slow the spread of COVID-19, on March 16th the President issued updated Coronavirus Guidance for America that highlighted the importance of the critical infrastructure workforce. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) executes the Secretary of Homeland Security's authorities to secure critical infrastructure. Consistent with these authorities, CISA has developed, in collaboration with other federal agencies, State and local governments, and the private sector, an 'Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce' advisory list. This list is intended to help State, local, tribal and territorial officials as they work to protect their communities, while ensuring continuity of functions critical to public health and safety, as well as economic and national security. Decisions informed by this list should also take into consideration additional public health considerations based on the specific COVID-19 [coronavirus disease]-related concerns of particular jurisdictions."

  United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency

  Krebs, Christopher

  2020-03-28