Advanced search Help
Resource Type or Special Collection is Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Clear all search criteria
Only 2/3! You are seeing results from the Public Collection, not the complete Full Collection. Sign in to search everything (see eligibility).
-
Why Have Stock Market and Real Economy Diverged During the COVID-19 Pandemic? [September 2, 2020]
From the Document: "During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the stock market and the economy have experienced major turning points--the economic expansion of more than 10 years ended in February, and the U.S. stock market ended an 11-year bull run in March. While the economy continued in a deep recession, a common U.S. stock market gauge, the Standard & Poors (S&P) 500 index--an index including 500 large U.S. publicly-traded companies and capturing around 80% of market capitalization-- rebounded to higher than pre-pandemic levels as of August 2020. This Insight explores this seeming disconnect between the state of the economy and the performance of capital markets, as illustrated by price movements of the S&P 500."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Su, Eva
2020-09-02
-
COVID-19 Impact on the Banking Industry: Lag Between Recession and Bank Distress [September 10, 2020]
From the Document: "Economic recessions and financial crises can cause distress in the banking industry. Typically, there is a lag between the onset of a recession and the peak of bank industry distress. The economic effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic could similarly stress the banking industry, perhaps acutely, given the sudden and unprecedented nature of the economic contraction. Even though this contraction is severe, a lag is expected, and certain provisions in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Recovery Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136) may lengthen it."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Scott, Andrew P.; Perkins, David W.
2020-09-10
-
COVID-19 Impact on the Banking Industry: Conditions in the Second Quarter of 2020 [September 10, 2020]
From the Document: "The economic ramifications of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic could cause borrowers to miss loan payments, potentially to the point of individual banks or the bank industry becoming distressed. How and to what degree banks will be affected is uncertain. Comprehensive bank data are collected and released quarterly and provide indicators of industry health. On August 25, 2020, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) released the 'Quarterly Banking Profile: Second Quarter 2020,' which reports aggregate data from all 5,066 FDIC-insured institutions as of June 30, 2020. This Insight presents certain data that may indicate how the pandemic is affecting banks."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Perkins, David W.; Gnanarajah, Raj
2020-09-10
-
SBA EIDL and Emergency EIDL Grants: Data by State [Updated September 4, 2020]
From the Document: "Congress made COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]-related economy injury an eligible expense for the Small Business Administration's (SBA) Economic Injury Disaster Loans (EIDL) in the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (P.L. 116-123). It also expanded EIDL eligibility for certain businesses and organizations, and it established an Emergency EIDL Grant program as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136). COVID-19-related EIDL and Emergency EIDL grants are available to all 50 states, U.S. territories, and Washington, DC. This Insight provides [1] a general overview of SBA EIDL (including eligibility) and the Emergency EIDL Grant program; [2] SBA EIDL data by the number and amount of loans approved by state; and [3] Emergency EIDL Grant program (also referred to as EIDL advance) data by the number and amount of grants approved by state."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Lindsay, Bruce R.; Mullins, Maura
2020-09-04
-
FDA's Role in the Medical Product Supply Chain and Considerations During COVID-19 [September 1, 2020]
From the Background: "The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the medical product supply chain globally and domestically. Although certain concerns about the U.S. medical product supply chain predate the emergence of COVID-19, the ongoing pandemic has made addressing those concerns and understanding the supply chain a more urgent priority. Of particular concern for some are the United States' reliance on foreign sources of medical products and the federal government's ability to oversee the supply chain and mitigate future disruptions."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Green, Victoria R.; Dabrowska, Agata; Costin, Kate M.
2020-09-01
-
SBA EIDL and Emergency EIDL Grants: Data by State [Updated October 1, 2020]
From the Document: "Congress made COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]-related economy injury an eligible expense for the Small Business Administration's (SBA) Economic Injury Disaster Loans (EIDL) in the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (P.L. 116-123). It also expanded EIDL eligibility for certain businesses and organizations, and it established an Emergency EIDL Grant program as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136). COVID-19-related EIDL and Emergency EIDL grants are available to all 50 states, U.S. territories, and Washington, DC. This Insight provides: [1] a general overview of SBA EIDL (including eligibility) and the Emergency EIDL Grant program; [2] SBA EIDL data by the number and amount of loans approved by state; and [3] Emergency EIDL Grant program (also referred to as EIDL advance) data by the number and amount of grants approved by state."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Lindsay, Bruce R.; Mullins, Maura
2020-10-01
-
Social Security Retirement Earnings Test (RET): Earnings Exemption for COVID-19- Related Work Response [Updated September 28, 2020]
From the Document: "In response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, some state and local officials (e.g., New York State) have called on retired health care workers to return to work and help treat the influx of patients. In addition to health care professionals, other retired workers--including certain public safety officers, emergency management personnel, scientists, researchers, and individuals--who had claimed Social Security benefits, may also go back to work to meet the essential needs of the American public during the COVID-19 outbreak. If those retired workers are receiving Social Security benefits and are under the Social Security full retirement age (FRA; between 65 and 67, depending on year of birth), the Retirement Earnings Test (RET) may reduce their Social Security benefits if their earnings exceed certain annual thresholds. (Beneficiaries do recoup their benefits when they reach FRA.) Therefore, in response to RET concerns that may discourage retired health care workers from providing needed services to the increasing number of COVID-19 patients, lawmakers have proposed to exempt certain earnings in 2020 from the RET."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Li, Zhe, 1981-
2020-09-28
-
COVID-19: Consumer Loan Forbearance and Other Relief Options [Updated October 23, 2020]
From the Document: "A growing number of reported Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases have been identified in the United States, significantly impacting many communities. The economic impact has been large due to illnesses, quarantines, social distancing, local stay-at-home orders, and other business disruptions. Consequently, many Americans have lost income and faced financial hardship due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. [...] This report focuses on policy responses relating to the financial services industry for consumers who may have trouble paying their loan obligations, such as mortgages, student loans, auto loans, and credit cards. First, it provides an overview of loan forbearance and other possible relief options for consumers. Then, the report discusses relevant CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act provisions and federal financial regulatory responses. Lastly, the report describes the impact this pandemic and the proceeding policy responses have had on financial institutions and consumers."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cooper, Cheryl R.; Getter, Darryl E.; Perkins, David W. . . .
2020-10-23
-
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): Emergency Temporary Standards (ETS) and COVID-19 [Updated October 20, 2020]
From the Document: "The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) does not currently have a specific standard that protects healthcare or other workers from airborne or aerosol transmission of disease or diseases transmitted by airborne droplets. Some in Congress, and some groups representing healthcare, meat and poultry processing, and other workers, are calling on OSHA to promulgate an emergency temporary standard (ETS) to protect workers from exposure to SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2], the virus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSH Act) gives OSHA the ability to promulgate an ETS that would remain in effect for up to six months without going through the normal review and comment process of rulemaking. OSHA, however, has rarely used this authority in the past--not since the courts struck down its ETS on asbestos in 1983. [...] Through October 1, 2020, OSHA has issued COVID-19-related citations to employers at 62 work sites, with total proposed penalties of $913,133. These citations have been issued for violations of the OSH Act's General Duty Clause and other existing OSHA standards, such as those for respiratory protection, that may apply to COVID-19. Senators Elizabeth Warren and Cory A. Booker have raised concerns about the low amount of penalties being assessed for COVID-19-related violations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Szymendera, Scott
2020-10-20
-
COVID-19 and the Future of Commercial Real Estate Finance [October 19, 2020]
From the Document: "Commercial real estate (CRE) refers to a broad range of properties, including office buildings, hotels, retail storefronts, restaurants, hospitals, stadiums, schools, and apartments. The market for CRE financing is over $3 trillion. [...] Because so many different sectors of the economy participate in the CRE market, economic conditions often can have disparate effects on different subsectors. [...] Future economic conditions are uncertain. The impacts of the pandemic may result in a substantially changed world for CRE, as lenders structure deals and offer credit to commercial borrowers in new ways to address risks associated with changing social preferences. Further, if the economic downturn from the pandemic were to become protracted, even though failed CRE can enter private-sector bankruptcy to resolve bad debts, Congress could consider intervening and providing financial assistance as it has in other troubled sectors."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Scott, Andrew P.
2020-10-19
-
COVID-19 and Direct Payments to Individuals: Comparison of Recent Proposals for a Second Round of Payments [Updated October 20, 2020]
From the Document: "The CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act (P.L. 116-136), signed into law on March 27, 2020, included direct payments to individuals. These payments, most of which have already been issued, were equal to $1,200 per eligible individual ($2,400 for most married couples), with an additional $500 per eligible child. The payments phase down for higher-income households. [...] The following subsequent legislative proposals would provide a second round of payments [1] the Heroes Act (H.R. 6800), which passed the House on May 15, 2020; [2] the American Workers, Families, and Employers Assistance Act (S. 4318), which was introduced in the Senate on July 27, 2020 (S. 4318 is one component of what has been referred to as the HEALS Act); and [3] the 'revised version' of the Heroes Act (H.R. 8406), introduced on September 29, 2020. The House passed the revised version of the Heroes Act on October 1, 2020, as a House amendment to the Senate amendment to H.R. 925."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Crandall-Hollick, Margot L.
2020-10-20
-
Vote Intention in November: Evidence from an Early September Survey
From the Document: "The results of a survey conducted of registered voters in seven battleground states by the Stanford-MIT [Massachusetts Institute of Technology] Healthy Elections Project suggest that although the U.S. will see historic levels of mail voting in November, the levels are below what similar studies showed just a couple of months ago. While the results cannot directly address the issue of causality, the pattern of results unsurprisingly suggests that the partisan differences that have emerged over mail balloting explain the reduced ardor over voting by mail. Less than half the respondents from six of the seven states studied (Arizona, Florida, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin) report they are likely to vote by mail in November."
Stanford-MIT Healthy Elections Project
Stewart, Charles, III
2020-09-20
-
CARES Act (P.L. 116-136): Provisions Designed to Help Banks and Credit Unions [Updated September 18, 2020]
From the Document: "The economic effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic may cause numerous borrowers to miss loan repayments, potentially leading to distress at banks and credit unions. Because of the importance of banking to the economy, federal depository regulators have implemented 'safety and soundness' regulations, including lending, capital, and liquidity rules. Regulators also have the authority to supervise banks, which includes requiring banks to report financial information. As part of Congress's response to COVID-19, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136) includes four sections--4011, 4012, 4013, and 4014--that temporarily relax some of the regulations banks face. Section 4016 expands access to the Central Liquidity Facility (CLF), which is a liquidity facility for credit unions that exists at the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA). This Insight examines those sections."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Perkins, David W.; Getter, Darryl E.; Gnanarajah, Raj
2020-09-18
-
CARES Act Payroll Support to Air Carriers and Contractors [Updated September 15, 2020]
From the Document: "The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136), signed into law on March 27, 2020, provided assistance to consumers and businesses, including aid to air carriers and eligible contractors. Emergency funds also were provided to eligible airports. Assistance to air carriers in Division A, Title IV of the CARES Act included loans and loan guarantees, funds to support the pay and benefits of air carrier workers, and a suspension of aviation excise taxes on air transport of people, cargo, and aviation fuel through calendar year 2020. This Insight focuses on the payroll support program (PSP)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
2020-09-15
-
Unemployment Rates During the COVID-19 Pandemic: In Brief [Updated October 23, 2020]
From the Introduction: "This report discusses recent unemployment rate patterns at the national and state levels using Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data. The two primary sources are the Current Population Survey (CPS) and the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program. In addition to the usual caveats about estimates (see 'General Data Caveats'), there were additional data challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic (see 'COVID-19 Related Data Issues'). The pandemic led to lower survey response rates by businesses and households, and BLS detected an error in their categorization procedures that likely underestimated unemployment early in the recession. This report generally finds the following: [1] The unemployment rate peaked at a level not seen since data collection started in 1948, in April 2020 before declining to a still-high level in September. [2] In April, every state and the District of Columbia reached unemployment rates greater than their highest unemployment rates during the Great Recession. [3] Unemployment during the current recession is concentrated among workers who were last employed in industries that provide in-person services and among young workers, women, workers with low educational attainment, part-time workers, and racial and ethnic minorities."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Falk, Gene; Nyhof, Emma C.; Carter, Jameson A. . . .
2020-10-23
-
COVID-19: China Medical Supply Chains and Broader Trade Issues [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Summary: "The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), first in China, and then globally, including in the United States, is drawing attention to the ways in which the U.S. economy depends on manufacturing and supply chains based in China. This report aims to assess current developments and identify immediate and longer range China trade issues for Congress. An area of particular concern to Congress is U.S. shortages in medical supplies-- including personal protective equipment (PPE) and pharmaceuticals--as the United States steps up efforts to contain COVID-19 with limited domestic stockpiles and insufficient U.S. industrial capacity. Because of China's role as a global supplier of PPE, medical devices, antibiotics, and active pharmaceutical ingredients, reduced exports from China have led to shortages of critical medical supplies in the United States. Exacerbating the situation, in early February 2020, the Chinese government nationalized control of the production and distribution of medical supplies in China--directing all production for domestic use--and directed the bureaucracy and Chinese industry to secure supplies from the global market. Once past the initial peak of its COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese government appears to have prioritized certain countries and selectively released some medical supplies for overseas delivery."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sutter, Karen M.; Schwarzenberg, Andres B.; Sutherland, Michael D.
2020-10-08
-
Medicaid Telehealth Policies in Response to COVID-19 [October 9, 2020]
From the Document: "Medicaid, authorized in Title XIX of the Social Security Act (SSA), is a federal-state program that jointly finances primary and acute medical services, as well as long-term services and supports (LTSS), to a diverse low-income population. The 50 states, the District of Columbia (DC), and the five U.S. territories (American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, Puerto Rico [PR], and the U.S. Virgin Islands [USVI]) must follow broad federal rules to receive federal Medicaid funding, but they have flexibility to design their own versions of Medicaid within the federal statute's basic framework. In addition, several waiver authorities allow states to operate their Medicaid programs outside of federal program rules. [...] This flexibility results in variability across state Medicaid programs in factors such as use of telehealth as a service delivery method. This In Focus provides background on Medicaid telehealth and an overview of telehealth actions in response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Public Health Emergency (PHE). It discusses how states leveraged existing flexibilities and PHE-specific federal authorities to increase the number of services, provider types, and other telehealth coverage options under Medicaid."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Baumrucker, Evelyne P.; Keyser, Julia A.
2020-10-09
-
Latin America and the Caribbean: Impact of COVID-19 [Updated October 7, 2020]
From the Document: "The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having widespread economic, social, and political effects on Latin America and the Caribbean, a region with strong congressional interest because of deep U.S. linkages."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sullivan, Mark P.; Beittel, June S.; Meyer, Peter J. . . .
2020-10-07
-
Small Businesses and COVID-19: Relief and Assistance Resources [Updated October 5, 2020]
From the Document: "This CRS [Congressional Research Service] Insight presents selected websites and CRS products potentially relevant to small businesses that are directly affected by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and seeking economic relief and assistance."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Kreiser, Maria
2020-10-05
-
Federal Eviction Moratoriums in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic [Updated October 14, 2020]
From the Document: "On September 4, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) imposed a nationwide temporary federal moratorium on residential evictions due to nonpayment of rent. The stated purpose of the order is preventing the further spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), specifically by preventing homelessness and overcrowded housing conditions resulting from eviction. The action, which followed an Executive Order directing the CDC to consider such a measure, is unprecedented, both in terms of the federal reach into what is traditionally state and local governance of landlord-tenant law and its use of a public health authority for this purpose. The new national eviction moratorium took effect less than two weeks after the expiration of a different and narrower set of eviction protections established by the CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act (§4024). This Insight compares the two eviction moratoriums across several key features and ends with a review of some outstanding questions raised by the new moratorium."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
McCarty, Maggie; Perl, Libby
2020-10-14
-
Delivery of Economic Impact Payments (EIPs) [Updated October 6, 2020]
From the Document: "To mitigate the financial hardship many Americans are experiencing during the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic, Congress passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (P.L. 116-136). A critical element of the aid package is direct payments to certain individuals in 2020. The payments are referred to as 'recovery rebates' in Section 2201 of the act, but the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) refers to them as 'economic impact payments' (EIPs) in the information about the payments it sends to the general public. [...] This Insight summarizes the delivery of EIPs so far and identifies issues that have delayed the delivery of payments to certain low-income individuals."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Guenther, Gary L.
2020-10-06
-
Tax Treatment of Net Operating Losses (NOLs) in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act [Updated October 6, 2020]
From the Document: "Increased benefits from net operating losses (NOLs) had been discussed as part of the response to the economic effects of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (P.L. 116-136) included a provision increasing tax benefits for NOLs. This revision temporarily suspends current rules that were last revised in the 2017 tax revision, popularly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA; P.L. 115-97)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Gravelle, Jane
2020-10-06
-
Potential FEMA Emergency Sheltering Options During the COVID-19 Pandemic [Updated October 5, 2020]
From the Document: "Some hazards (e.g., hurricanes, wildfires) may result in evacuations and displacement of survivors. According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), state, local, tribal, and territorial governments (SLTTs) are responsible for coordinating emergency sheltering after a declaration under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act; 42 U.S.C. §§5121 et seq.). However, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and FEMA acknowledge that the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may complicate efforts to provide emergency sheltering. This Insight discusses emergency sheltering models used by FEMA, COVID-19-related emergency sheltering policies, and challenges faced by SLTTs supporting emergency sheltering during the COVID-19 pandemic, and policy considerations for Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Webster, Elizabeth M.; Lee, Erica A.
2020-10-05
-
Employee Retention and Employee Retention and Rehiring Tax Credits [January 7, 2021]
From the Document: "The March 2020 Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (P.L. 116-136) included an employee retention tax credit designed to help businesses retain employees during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health emergency. The credit was modified and expanded in December 2020, becoming the employee retention and rehiring tax credit, in the COVID-related Tax Relief Act of 2020 (enacted as Subtitle B to Title II of Division N of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021; P.L. 116-260)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sherlock, Molly F.
2021-01-07
-
COVID-Related Tax Relief Act of 2020 and Other COVID-Related Tax Provisions in P.L. 116-260 [January 5, 2021]
From the Document: "Congress continues to consider tax policy proposals intended to alleviate the economic effects associated with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (P.L. 116-260) contains a number of individual and business tax provisions. Consideration of P.L. 116-260 followed the enactment of other laws addressing the COVID-19 crisis:(1) the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (P.L. 116-123); (2) the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA; P.L. 116-127); (3) the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (P.L. 116-136); and (4) the Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act (P.L. 116-139)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sherlock, Molly F.; Marples, Donald J.; Gravelle, Jane . . .
2021-01-05
-
Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: DiaSorin Inc., LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 IgM
From the Document: "This Fact Sheet informs you of the significant known and potential risks and benefits of the emergency use of the LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 IgM [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immunoglobulin M]."
United States. Food and Drug Administration
2020-09-29
-
CARES Act Title IV Financial Assistance Ends [January 8, 2021]
From the Document: "Under Title IV of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act, P.L. 116-136), the U.S. Department of the Treasury made loans to specified industries and investments in Federal Reserve programs, authorized until the end of 2020. While Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) confirmed cases and deaths continue to reach new highs, financial conditions stabilized shortly after enactment of the CARES Act. This raised the question of whether assistance should be extended at least until the pandemic ended or allowed to expire because financial stability had been restored. The December COVID-19-related relief package (specifically, Division N, Title X, of P.L. 116-260) did not change the year-end expiration date and permanently closed down all but one of the Fed programs backed by CARES funding. In effect, those programs may be revived only by a future act of Congress and not at the Federal Reserve and Treasury Secretary's discretion. This Insight provides some preliminary observations on Title IV assistance."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Labonte, Marc; Scott, Andrew P.
2021-01-08
-
COVID-19: Presidential Order Deferring Individual Payroll Taxes [Updated January 6, 2021]
From the Document: "On August 8, 2020, President Trump issued a presidential memorandum ordering the deferral of individual payroll tax obligations from September 1, 2020, through December 31, 2020. The deferral was for employees with biweekly compensation of generally less than $4,000. The memorandum directed the Secretary of the Treasury to issue guidance to implement this policy. On August 28, 2020, guidance was provided in IRS [Internal Revenue Service] Notice 2020-65. This Insight discusses the individual payroll tax deferral outlined in the memorandum, including issues related to repayment of deferred amounts; compares this order to the business payroll tax deferral provided in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act, P.L. 116-136); and addresses questions related to potential economic effects."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sherlock, Molly F.; Marples, Donald J.
2021-01-06
-
Global Economic Effects of COVID-19 [Updated January 8, 2021]
From the Summary: "In the months since the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] outbreak was first diagnosed, it has spread to over 200 countries and all U.S. states. The pandemic has negatively affected global economic growth beyond anything experienced in nearly a century. Estimates so far indicate the virus could reduce global economic growth to an annualized rate of -4.5% to -6.0% in 2020, with a partial recovery of a rate of 2.5% to 5.2% in 2021. [...] The full economic impact of the pandemic likely will remain unclear until the negative health effects peak. This report provides an overview of the global economic costs to date and the response by governments and international institutions to address these effects."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Jackson, James K., 1949-; Weiss, Martin A.; Schwarzenberg, Andres B. . . .
2021-01-08
-
COVID-19, Conspiracy and Contagious Sedition: A Case Study on the Militia-Sphere
From the Foreword: "Following on the heels of a state-by-state lockdown of social and economic activity put in place to attempt to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus pandemic, we stand in the midst of historical nationwide violence and riots over the George Floyd incident. Together, these events cause social dislocation on a scale not seen since the Great Depression. Not surprisingly in such an environment, fear of disease, fear of law enforcement, and fear of violence are compounded by social isolation and widespread unemployment. It is not surprising, in this season of discontent, that many Americans have grown frustrated with the restrictions on their freedoms, and angry at the repeated confrontations involving law enforcement. Many have exercised their constitutional rights to freedom of speech and assembly to express their anger in a peaceful manner."
Network Contagion Research Institute; Rutgers University. Miller Center for Community Protection and Resilience
Finkelstein, Joel; Donohue, John K.; Goldenberg, Alex . . .
2020?
