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CTAA Recommended COVID-19 Safety Protocols
From the Document: "The following set of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] safety protocols has been developed for CTAA [Community Transportation Association of America] members by collecting -- in a single place -- all of the guidance from a variety of federal agencies. Where no (or limited) actual guidance is available, we've collected the best practical advice from public and community transportation operators in the field. As it has been since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, CTAA's overriding recommendation to its members is to err on the side of safety (of both transit staff and the riding public) in all decision making."
Community Transportation Association of America
2020?
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European Public Opinion on China in the Age of COVID-19: Differences and Common Ground Across the Continent
From the Summary: "[1] This report is a result of a wide-scale 'study of public opinion in 13 European countries' on China conducted in September and October 2020, on a research sample (n = 19 673) representative with respect to gender, age, level of education, country region, and settlement density. [2] Overall, 'views of China in the surveyed countries are predominantly negative', with respondents in 10 out of 13 countries reporting significantly more negative than positive views. Populations in 'Western and Northern Europe' tend to have the most negative views, 'Eastern Europe' holds positive views, and 'Southern and Central Europe' find themselves in between, while still being predominantly negative."
Central European Institute of Asian Studies; Sinofon; Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
Turcsanyi, Richard Q.; Šimalčík, Matej; Kironska, Kristina . . .
2020
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Consular Affairs and the COVID-19 Crisis: Assessing the State Department's Response to the Pandemic, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, July 21, 2020
This is the July 21, 2020 hearing on "Consular Affairs and the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Crisis: Assessing the State Department's Response to the Pandemic," held before the U.S. House Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. From the opening statement of Joaquin Castro: "The COVID-19 pandemic has upended our lives in ways
it seemed unimaginable just a few months ago. [...] The U.S. Department of State faced many challenges during the pandemic. The U.S. Government certainly has a long history of repatriating citizens, but never before had so many Americans in so many different countries and regions needed to be repatriated at the same time." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Ian Brownlee and Karin King.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2020
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Impact of COVID-19 on Voting Rights and Election Administration: Ensuring Safe and Fair Elections, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Elections Committee on House Administration, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, June 11, 2020
This is the June 11, 2020 hearing on "The Impact of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] on Voting Rights and Election Administration: Ensuring Safe and Fair Elections," held before the House Subcommittee on Elections Committee on House Administration. From the opening statement of Marcia L. Fudge: "Today we will examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on election administration and voters' ability to freely and safely access the ballot. It has become clear that access to the ballot in November is in jeopardy if we do not make substantial investments in our election infrastructure and remove the longstanding barriers that continue to keep far too many from exercising their right to vote." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Kristen Clarke, Sherrilyn Ifill, Lawrence Norden, Mark Dimondstein, Kyle Ardoin, and John H. Merrill.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2020
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COVID-19 and U.S. International Pandemic Preparedness, Prevention, and Response, Hearings Before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, June 18 and June 30, 2020
These are the June 18 and June 30, 2020 hearings on "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] and U.S. International Pandemic Preparedness, Prevention, and Response," held before the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. From the opening statement of James E. Risch: "Today, we are going to discuss the international response to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as future pandemic preparedness, prevention, and response. [...] It is essential that we respond now to help our partners who are not yet experiencing significant spread to get testing, tracing, and quarantine procedures in place, and to help our partners who already are under siege avert a worst-case scenario. We also need to focus on protecting access to food, livelihoods, water, sanitation, and hygiene. Protecting existing investments in immunizations, maternal and child health, and other infectious diseases are important at this time, also. [...] At the same time, we need to figure out how to get ahead of the next global pandemic. Indeed, that is what the focus of this hearing is going to be on." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Mark Dybul, Chris Milligan, Garrett Grigsby, Jimmy J. Kolker, Ashish K. Jha, and Jeremy Konyndyk.
United States. Government Publishing Office
2020
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100 Days Later: Covid-19: Implications for Managing Terrorism and Asymmetric Threats
From the Background: "As part of our ongoing collaboration, the teams from START [National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism] and CHC Global have held a series of managed discussions to consider the potential impacts of Covid-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] on terrorism and asymmetric threats. We have considered the implications for governments, businesses and individual citizens, with a focus on how terrorism risks might be evolving. It is likely that the current uncertainty is having a range of impacts on threat actors, but it is too early to determine any absolute truths regarding changes to the global terrorism risk profile. However, it is possible to look more broadly at what this event can tell us about how organizations might orient to risks which sit in the higher frequency - higher impact (the 'upper right') quadrant of the risk register - including some forms of terrorism. Since the first reported case outside China on January 13th, our views have been informed by validated open-source reporting. Just over 100 days later, this document summarizes the record of those discussions."
National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (U.S.); CHC Global
2020?
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Learning from the COVID-19 Pandemic to Address Climate Change [2020]
From the Document: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] has dramatically revealed the difficulties society faces in dealing with extreme global events. As of July 24, 2020, in the United States alone, more than 4.1 million people have contracted the coronavirus and close to 150,000 have died from it. These numbers would have been much lower if public and private sector leaders had: [1] Recognized the cognitive biases that obstruct effective decision-making and action; [2] Heeded the advice of experts; [3] Designed a risk management strategy that addressed cognitive biases and took the concerns of experts into account We begin by examining why the United States did not use these strategies during the early stages of COVID-19 and why it imposed social distancing measures only after illness and death from the coronavirus ballooned in mid-March 2020. Using the lessons of the COVID-19 pandemic, we propose ways to implement a risk management strategy that would reduce the damage from climate change in the coming years by significantly reducing carbon emissions."
Management and Business Review
Kunreuther, Howard; Slovic, Paul, 1938-
2020
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Misinformation Mayhem: Social Media Platforms' Efforts to Combat Medical and Political Misinformation
From the Introduction: "Social media platforms today are playing an ever-expanding role in shaping the contours of today's information ecosystem. The events of recent months have driven home this development, as the platforms have shouldered the burden and attempted to rise to the challenge of ensuring that the public is informed - and not misinformed - about matters affecting our democratic institutions in the context of our elections, as well as about matters affecting our very health and lives in the context of the pandemic. This Article examines the extensive role recently assumed by social media platforms in the marketplace of ideas in the online sphere, with an emphasis on their efforts to combat medical misinformation in the context of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic as well as their efforts to combat false political speech in the 2020 election cycle. In the context of medical misinformation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, this Article analyzes the extensive measures undertaken by the major social media platforms to combat such misinformation. In the context of misinformation in the political sphere, this Article examines the distinctive problems brought about by the microtargeting of political speech and by false political ads on social media in recent years, and the measures undertaken by major social media companies to address such problems. In both contexts, this Article examines the extent to which such measures are compatible with First Amendment substantive and procedural values."
George Washington University. Law School
Nunziato, Dawn C.
2020
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COVID-19: A Frontline Guide for Local Decision-Makers
From the Document: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic is creating significant disruption to daily life in cities and communities around the world. This guide provides an initial strategic framework for local leaders as they begin planning what will need to be done to reduce the impact of the outbreak in the near term. The guide focuses both on slowing and suppressing the spread of the virus, and also on supporting community needs. This document is informed by existing guidance from U.S. and global authorities, public health research findings, and lessons observed from countries that have been battling COVID-19 since January 2020. It is intended to complement, but not supplant, advice and guidance from global, federal and local public health and other authorities."
COVID Local
Cameron, Elizabeth E.; Bell, Jessica A.; Eckles, Jacob H. . . .
2020?
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Fatal Attraction of a Post-COVID Green New Deal
From the Document: "Last year we were already talking about the threat of Net Zero to economic recovery post-Brexit, but that context has obviously changed. The Net Zero commitment cannot now be considered independently of the situation created by the restrictions imposed to address Covid-19, and measures to recover, not from the virus, but from those restrictions. So what has changed precisely? We are not now talking about whether Net Zero is wise for a more-or-less intact and expanding national economic system, one moving steadily further from thermodynamic equilibrium towards a state of greater complexity, an economy surrounded by other national systems, many of which were expanding at a greater rate, and could be called upon to support growth. That question has now been superseded. The answer, for the record, was that it was deeply unwise, and that it would have slowed the rate at which complexity increased, it would have consumed a good deal of the societal complexity accumulated since the medieval period, that there would have been genuine human hardship, but that public resistance would have set in, perhaps after some decades, and that a correction would and could have taken place, partly assisted by the fact that other national systems would not have been as seriously affected. [...] The question that now faces us is how attempts to deliver the Net Zero target will affect a national system that has been deliberately tipped into a state of deep contraction, surrounded by other national systems all similarly, though not quite equally, affected."
Global Warming Policy Foundation
Constable, John, 1963-
2020
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Secondary Infektion
From the Executive Summary: "'Secondary Infektion' is the name given to a long-running Russian information operation, encompassing multiple campaigns on social media run by a central entity, which was already active in 2014 and that was still running in early 2020. Secondary Infektion targeted countries across Europe and North America with fake stories and forged documents. Its focus and areas of interest were often of a diplomatic and foreign policy nature: it appeared primarily aimed at provoking tensions between Russia's perceived enemies, and its stories typically concerned relationships between governments and often specifically focused on government representatives. It is also notable for launching smear campaigns against Kremlin critics, and for targeting presidential candidates in 2016 in the U.S., in 2017 in France, in Germany, Sweden and elsewhere. This report is the first systematic examination of Secondary Infektion's campaigns. It reveals the most comprehensive picture yet of this actor's strategic objectives and tactical priorities across the years."
Graphika
Nimmo, Ben; François, Camille; Eib, C. Shawn . . .
2020
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Preemption and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring State Interference Before, During, & After the Crisis
From the Document: "Preemption is when a higher level of government removes or limits the authority of a lower level of government. The impact on people's well-being, health, and economic situation can be severe. During the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, for example, states preempted local governments from being able to enact mask mandates, meaning local leaders could not make mask-wearing mandatory in their local communities . At times, these states were not implementing any sort of mandate at the state level. Preemption is neither inherently good nor bad. Preemption can be used to set minimum standards or can be used in policy areas that should be left to the state. The misuse and abuse of preemption, however, represents state interference, where the higher level of government unnecessarily constrains the actions of local leaders. For instance, states implementing emergency orders during the pandemic to close businesses to prevent the spread of the virus across the state. [...] There are a few different types of preemption, including floor preemption as North Carolina used, and each has been used in the current crisis. These types of preemptions are laid out [in this report]."
National League of Cities
Wagner, Spencer; Rainwater, Brooks; Carter, Katherine
2020
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Analysis of the National Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic Through the Lens of Medical Military Support Requirements
From the Introduction: "The aim of this Open Publication for Allied Command Transformation is to examine national responses, both civil and military, to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic and especially the coordination function between them. It will look at the strategic directions that nations have taken, including the NATO partner nations. It will also include the experiences and comparisons of the non-NATO nations of Russia, China, and Brazil as they present a differing strategic approach to NATO and western nations. The paper will support further analysis of current and future capabilities required of military medical services, especially how this pandemic compares to large scale warfighting operations. It will identify areas of similarity and differences within and between nations that could inform future conceptual and novel capability development. This will support future conceptual and capability development of military medical support for NATO."
NATO Allied Command Transformation
Bricknell, Martin; Homan, Zenobia; Gheorghe, Adrian . . .
2020
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Human Costs of Local Fiscal Crises During COVID-19
From the Introduction: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] has dire implications for the vitality of US cities. While cities play a crucial role in the direct provision of essential services that will affect the health and economic security of millions of Americans, they are also ground zero for a deep fiscal crisis. A recent National League of Cities survey of 485 cities reveals that nearly 90 percent of cities will be less able in FY 2021 than in FY 2020 to meet their fiscal needs. In the immediate term, US state and local governments anticipate a budget shortfall of nearly $500 billion through the end of 2022. Revenue shortfalls in some cities could be as high as 20 percent in Fiscal Year 2021. Behind these numbers lay potentially devastating consequences for all citizens and communities alike. Looking back to the Great Recession (GR) of 2008-09, we identify some of the likely local impacts of the economic downturn in the absence of federal intervention. While often ignored in national coverage of the recession, they have left an indelible mark on US cities and, by extension, the overall economy."
National League of Cities
Reinecke, David; Rocco, Philip
2020
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COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization: A New Tool Helps Analyze Commercial Air Travel Involving Infected Passengers
From the Webpage: "Cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was first reported in Wuhan, China, have been confirmed in all 50 U.S. states. In this report--the first of several from a RAND Corporation team examining the role of commercial air travel in the COVID-19 pandemic--we quantify potential vectors of virus transmission to the United States as a result of commercial air travel. Understanding the COVID-19 propagation patterns, regionally and globally, will help policymakers mitigate the resulting threats to public health."
RAND Corporation
Hanson, Russell; Mouton, Christopher A.; Grissom, Adam . . .
2020
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COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization: African Anchor States Face Higher Risk of Importing COVID-19 Cases
From the Webpage: "In this report--one of several from a RAND Corporation team examining the role of commercial air travel in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic--we use our COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization (CAT-V) tool to quantify the potential vectors of transmission to countries in the U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM) area of responsibility (AOR), which encompasses every country in Africa except Egypt. The tool combines COVID-19 case data from Johns Hopkins University with detailed air travel data from the International Air Transport Association."
RAND Corporation
Hanson, Russell; Mouton, Christopher A.; Grissom, Adam . . .
2020
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COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization: Worldwide Spread of COVID-19 Accelerated Starting on February 19, 2020
From the Webpage: "In this report--one of several from a RAND Corporation team examining the role of commercial air travel in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic--we use our COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization (CAT-V) tool to estimate when COVID-19 transmission via commercial air travel began to rapidly accelerate throughout the world. The tool combines daily COVID-19 case data from Johns Hopkins University with detailed air travel data, including travelers' country of origin and country of destination, from the International Air Transport Association (IATA)."
RAND Corporation
Hanson, Russell; Mouton, Christopher A.; Grissom, Adam . . .
2020
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COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization: COVID-19 Cases in China Were Likely 37 Times Higher Than Reported in January 2020
From the Key Finding: "Many people have raised concerns about the accuracy of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] data from China. In this report, we present strong evidence that China's reported COVID-19 caseload was undercounted by a factor of nearly 40. Based on officially reported cases in China in January 2020, the odds of the novel coronavirus appearing by January 22, 2020, in Japan, Thailand, South Korea, the United States, and Taiwan--as it did--would have been minuscule."
RAND Corporation
Hanson, Russell; Mouton, Christopher A.; Grissom, Adam . . .
2020
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COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization: Air Passenger Transmission Risk to GCC Countries Originated from Outside the Region
From the Key Finding: "Transmission risk resulting from air travel is often global rather than regional in nature. Although regional countries often have more connectivity with one another than with countries outside the region, the GCC [Gulf Cooperation Council] countries are highly connected globally. As a result, most of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] transmission risk for most GCC countries originated from air travelers outside the region, first from China and then from elsewhere."
RAND Corporation
Hanson, Russell; Mouton, Christopher A.; Grissom, Adam . . .
2020
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COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization: Decisionmakers Should Base Travel Restrictions on Infection Rates Per Capita and Air Traffic Levels
From the Key Finding: "Travel advisories from the U.S. Department of State and warnings from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention focus primarily on the risk of travel to particular countries. Additional metrics could measure the risk of travel from particular countries with both high infection rates and high numbers of air travelers to the United States. Future assessments focused on these alternative metrics would allow U.S. authorities to reduce passenger air travel, or at least increase the screening of air passengers, from the highest-risk countries."
RAND Corporation
Hanson, Russell; Mouton, Christopher A.; Grissom, Adam . . .
2020
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COVID-19 Air Traffic Visualization: By January 31, 2020, at Least 1.5 Daily Infected Passengers Were Originating in China
From the Key Finding: "By January 31, 2020, passengers from China were likely exporting at least 1.5 cases of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] globally per day. The eight countries most at risk of infection, based on our modeling, were Japan, Thailand, South Korea, the United States, Taiwan, Australia, Singapore, and Malaysia. These were also the eight countries with the most confirmed cases outside of China as of January 31, 2020."
RAND Corporation
Hanson, Russell; Mouton, Christopher A.; Grissom, Adam . . .
2020
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COVID-19 and the Experiences of Populations at Greater Risk: Description and Top-Line Summary Data -- Wave 1, Summer 2020
From the Webpage: "As a continuation of RAND Corporation and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation efforts to capture how people in the United States think about, value, and prioritize issues of health, well-being, and health equity, a new longitudinal survey aims to understand how health views and values have been affected by the experience of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. In this report, the authors present the results of the first of four waves of the COVID-19 and the Experiences of Populations at Greater Risk Survey, fielded during summer 2020, with particular focus on populations deemed at risk or underserved, including people of color and those from low- to moderate-income backgrounds. The questions in this COVID-19 survey focused specifically on experiences related to the pandemic (e.g., financial, physical, emotional), how respondents viewed the disproportionate impacts of the pandemic, whether and how respondents' views and priorities regarding health actions and investments are changing (including the role of government and the private sector), and how general values about such issues as freedom and racism may be related to pandemic views and response expectations."
RAND Corporation
Carman, Katherine Grace; Chandra, Anita; Nelson, Christopher . . .
2020
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#DeplatformIcke: How Big Tech Powers and Profits from David Icke's Lies and Hate, and Why it Must Stop
From the Introduction: "For many people, David Icke is a joke, whose public life ended when he declared himself the 'son of God' live on the BBC thirty years ago. In truth that interview was the start of a new and profitable career as a professional conspiracy theorist, in which Icke has spent decades promoting bigotry and misinformation. Icke's popularity was turbocharged by social media, where he has an audience of two million followers. His website is one of the 1,000 most popular in the UK. Recent polling by Hope Not Hate revealed that more than half of the UK population have heard of Icke. The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, however, has clarified the threat David Icke poses to public safety. His conspiracy theories about COVID-19 have been viewed over 30 million times on social media, making him the leading producer of misinformation on the disease. [...] The only way to rein in Icke's hate and misinformation is to deplatform him now, before inaction on his lies and hate end up costing lives."
Center for Countering Digital Hate
2020
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Update: COVID-19-Related Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing
From the Introduction: "The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] outbreak an international pandemic in March 2020. Since then, the pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on peoples' lives around the world. Countries have responded by imposing a variety of public health measures, and implementing stimulus programmes to help protect individuals and companies. These measures have evolved over the last six months, in response to the changing situation in different countries. Changes in behaviour as a result of the pandemic - whether the behaviour of individuals, companies or governments - have in turn presented criminals with new opportunities to commit crimes and launder the proceeds. The FATF [Financial Action Task Force] has been monitoring these changes in criminal activity, their impact on anti-money-laundering/counter-terrorist-financing (AML/CFT) regimes, and the measures that governments have implemented to respond to the different types of challenges presented. This has included the publication of a paper in May on COVID-19 risks and policy responses, supplemented by a series of webinars with participants from both the public and private sectors. Since May, the FATF has continued to collect and assess relevant information on the impact of the pandemic. [...] The purpose of this paper is to provide reporting entities, other private sector entities, and other stakeholders with additional information on COVID19 related money laundering and terrorist financing risks. This paper addresses both changes in predicate offences and changes in money laundering and terrorist financing activity."
Financial Action Task Force
2020
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COVID-19 Response Policies and the Care Economy: Mapping Economic and Social Policies in the ECE Region
From the Summary: "Care comprises all activities that enhance people's physical and emotional health and wellbeing. Care is essential for sustaining human life and for the reproduction of the workforce and societies. The care economy thus represents a fundamental contribution to economic production and sustainable development. Care work, both paid and unpaid, is currently mostly done by women. Despite its importance, care work continues to lack visibility. It is underestimated and disregarded in the design of economic and social policies, including in the ECE [Economic Commission for Europe] region. [...] This document presents a mapping of relevant policy measures directly impacting the care economy, including both paid and unpaid care. It focuses on six groups of policy interventions that have been included in COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] response and recovery packages throughout the ECE region."
United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe
2020-01?
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COVID-19 Pandemic: Facility After-Action Report / Improvement Plan [March 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020]
From the Scenario: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Pandemic was a global outbreak of a novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2], originating from Wuhan, China in late December 2019. The virus made its way into the United States via a human vector in late January / early February 2020. The SARS-CoV-2 virus was easily transmitted between humans through droplets from coughing, sneezing and even exhaling. Additionally, it was believed that approximately 30% of the population became asymptomatic carriers and spreaders of the virus. This made detecting illness extremely difficult and without widespread testing capability at the onset, almost impossible to prevent the spread of the disease into our most vulnerable populations in long-term care facilities."
Connecticut. Department of Public Health
2020
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COVID-19 and the State of K-12 Schools: Results and Technical Documentation from the Fall 2020 American Educator Panels COVID-19 Surveys
From the Webpage: "In spring 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to an unprecedented and sweeping shift in the landscape of public schooling in the United States. Beginning in March, schools across the country closed their doors and adopted remote learning supports that varied in degree and type. In May 2020, researchers from the RAND Corporation drew on RAND's American Educator Panels (AEP) to both document how schools were navigating these challenging circumstances and examine disparities in the supports schools were able to provide to teachers and students. Several reports based on these surveys provided a nationally representative picture of teaching and learning throughout spring 2020. In October 2020, RAND researchers once again surveyed principals and teachers through the AEP to gather information about how educators are approaching and experiencing the 2020-2021 school year. This report provides additional information about the sample, survey instrument, and resultant data for the COVID-19 surveys that were administered to principals and teachers during October 2020 via the RAND Corporation's AEP."
RAND Corporation
Kaufman, Julia H.; Diliberti, Melissa; Hunter, Gerald Paul . . .
2020
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Global Strategy for Shaping the Post-COVID-19 World
From the Executive Summary: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic is an acute public health and economic crisis that is further destabilizing an already weakened rules-based international system. With cooperation, determination, and resolve, however, the United States and its allies can recover from the crisis and revitalize an adapted rules-based system to bring about decades of future freedom, peace, and prosperity. [...] This strategy outlines the following overarching goals: [1] Mitigate the impact of COVID-19 and recover from the crisis as soon as possible in the health, economic, governance, and defense domains. [2] Seize the historic moment to lead a rejuvenation of an adapted rules-based global system that can endure for decades to come. The strategy focuses on four domains of action: health, economy, governance, and defense. Each domain contains a 'recovery' track, involving actions to limit the damage caused by the pandemic and facilitate a global rebound, and a 'rejuvenation' track, consisting of actions to adapt and reenergize a rules-based global system. Central to this strategy is close coordination among the United States and its allies and partners to leverage their combined economic, diplomatic, military, and scientific might."
Atlantic Council of the United States. Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security
Cimmino, Jeffrey; Katz, Rebecca; Kroenig, Matthew . . .
2020
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Guidelines for 911 Centers: Pandemic Planning
From the Document: "Maintaining operational and resilient emergency communications is imperative during pandemic response for both public health and safety, as well as community well-being. A critical component of emergency communications are 911 centers--to include emergency communication centers (ECC), public safety answering points (PSAP), public safety communication centers (PSCC), emergency operations centers (EOC), and other public service command centers. A pandemic presents an immediate threat to the ability of these centers to operate effectively. The following guidance is intended to support public safety partners across all levels of government when engaging in the development of pandemic plans that promulgate policies, procedures, governance, resource planning, and contingency considerations."
United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency
2020?
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Guidelines for 911 Centers: Pandemic Operating Procedures
From the Document: "Maintaining operational and resilient emergency communications is imperative during pandemic response for both public health and safety and community well-being. A critical component of emergency communications are 911 centers--to include emergency communication centers (ECC), public safety answering points (PSAP), public safety communication centers (PSCC), emergency operations centers (EOC), and other public safety command centers. A pandemic presents a real and immediate threat to the ability of these centers to operate effectively. In response, CISA [Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency] has developed a series of guidance documents for all levels of government to use when addressing a pandemic and its potential impact to emergency communication centers. The following guidance is intended to support public safety partners across all levels of government when developing their policies and procedures to organize, train, and care for personnel while operating through a pandemic."
United States. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency
2020?
