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United Nations Human Rights Council: Background and Policy Issues [Updated January 26, 2022]
From the Introduction: "The United Nations (U.N.) Human Rights Council (Council) is the primary intergovernmental body that addresses human rights worldwide. In June 2018, the Trump Administration announced that the United States would withdraw its membership, citing concerns with the Council's disproportionate focus on Israel, ineffectiveness in addressing human rights situations, impact on U.S. sovereignty, and lack of reform. Under the Biden Administration, the United States reengaged with the Council as an observer and ran for membership in the October 2021 election. The United States was elected to the Council on October 14, 2021, and began its three-year term on January 1, 2022. Previously, the Trump Administration withheld funding to the Council under a provision included in Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations acts. President Biden has fully funded the Council, and his FY2022 budget request includes funds to pay remaining U.S. Council arrears. [...] This report provides background on the Council, including its current mandate and structure, as well as Administration policy and congressional actions. It also highlights policy issues of possible interest to Congress, including the debate over U.S. membership, U.S. funding of the Council, alternatives to the Council in U.N. fora, the Council's focus on Israel, and the possible increased influence of other countries in Council activities."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Blanchfield, Luisa; Weber, Michael A.
2022-01-26
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Global Human Rights: The Department of State's Country Reports on Human Rights Practices [Updated April 14, 2022]
From the Document: "The State Department's 'Country Reports on Human Rights Practices' are an annual U.S. government account of human rights conditions in countries around the globe. The reports characterize countries on the basis of their adherence to 'internationally recognized human rights,' which generally refer to civil, political, and worker rights set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights agreements. [...] In the early reports, there was concern within the State Department about publicly characterizing the human rights conditions in other countries, particularly that of U.S. allies. The first reports were criticized for being biased and thin on substance. Over time, with improvements in the breadth, quality, and accuracy of the reports, many observers have come to recognize them as authoritative. At the same time, countries whose human rights conditions are criticized in the reports often publicly defend their record and/or dismiss the reports as biased. [...] Topics that now receive increased coverage include, for example, press and internet freedoms, corruption and government transparency, and human rights abuses based on sexual orientation and gender identity. In addition, the reports now reference separate congressionally mandated reports on international religious freedom (IRF) and trafficking in persons (TIP)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weber, Michael A.
2022-04-14
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Global Human Rights: International Religious Freedom Policy [Updated April 7, 2022]
From the Document: "For decades, U.S. policymakers have sought to promote religious freedom abroad, reflecting both a prioritization of human rights in U.S. foreign policy generally as well as an emphasis on religious freedom in U.S. domestic law and political culture. Protection of religious freedom is also affirmed in international law through the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and other instruments. Congress has sought to ensure continued support for religious freedom as a focus of U.S. foreign policy, most prominently through passage of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998. [...] The IRF [international religious freedom] report, which is statutorily required by May 1 each year, covers developments in each foreign country during the prior calendar year and includes information on the status of religious freedom, violations of religious freedom, and relevant U.S. policies. The IRF report is the official U.S. government account of religious freedom conditions abroad, and is a primary information source for the executive branch's 'country of particular concern' designations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weber, Michael A.
2022-04-07
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Charting a Course for Success: America's Strategy for STEM Education
From the Executive Summary: "Since the founding of the Nation, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) have been a source of inspirational discoveries and transformative technological advances, helping the United States develop the world's most competitive economy and preserving peace through strength. The pace of innovation is accelerating globally, and with it the competition for scientific and technical talent. Now more than ever the innovation capacity of the United States--and its prosperity and security--depends on an effective and inclusive STEM education ecosystem. Individual success in the 21st century economy is also increasingly dependent on STEM literacy; simply to function as an informed consumer and citizen in a world of increasingly sophisticated technology requires the ability to use digital devices and STEM skills such as evidence-based reasoning. [...] The Federal Government has a key role to play in furthering STEM education by working in partnership with stakeholders at all levels and seeking to remove barriers to participation in STEM careers, especially for women and other underrepresented groups. Accordingly, this report sets out a Federal strategy for the next five years based on a Vision for a future where all Americans will have lifelong access to high-quality STEM education and the United States will be the global leader in STEM literacy, innovation, and employment."
United States. White House Office
Vought, Russell T.
2018-12
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Federal Cloud Computing Strategy [June 24, 2019]
From the Key Actions: "The Chief Information Officers Council (CIO Council) has developed a list of action items to execute the Cloud Smart strategy. These actions will constitute a work plan aimed at creating and updating programs, policies, and resources that the whole of Government will use to advance the Cloud Smart agenda. Additionally, all Federal agencies will rationalize their application portfolios to drive Federal cloud adoption. The rationalization process will involve reducing an application portfolio by 1) assessing the need for and usage of applications; and 2) discarding obsolete, redundant, or overly resource-intensive applications. Decreased application management responsibilities will free agencies to focus on improving service delivery by optimizing their remaining applications. To support these rationalization efforts, the CIO Council will develop best practices and other resources. Furthermore, while the initial Cloud Smart work plan will be executed over an eighteen-month period, its actions will be refreshed continuously as needed to keep up with the changing cloud market and emerging technologies."
United States. White House Office; United States. Office of Management and Budget; Chief Financial Officers Council (U.S.)
Kent, Suzette
2019-06-24
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Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies: Federal Data Strategy - A Framework for Consistency
From the Document: "New tools, technologies, and norms are creating opportunity to use data to bolster the Federal Government's mission delivery, service design, and tax-dollar stewardship for the public. In order to leverage these opportunities, the Government must address consistency in skills, interoperability, and best practices in how agencies use and manage data. This memorandum establishes a Federal Data Strategy (Strategy) as a framework of operational principles and best practices that help agencies deliver on the promise of data in the 21 st century. Through consistent data infrastructure and practices, the Strategy will enable Government to fully leverage data as a strategic asset by supporting strong data governance and providing the protection and security that the American people, businesses, and partners deserve."
United States. White House Office; United States. Office of Management and Budget
Vought, Russell T.
2019-06-04
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White House Announces Federal Register 2.0: Transforming the Chronicle of the Executive Branch for the 21st Century [October 5, 2009]
On October 5, 2009, the Office of the Press Secretary announced that "the Federal Register--the 73-year-old official chronicle of White House and Executive agency activities and the public's window on proposed changes to federal regulations--emerges today in a new 21st Century format that for the first time will allow readers to sift through, reorganize, and electronically customize its daily contents." This new format "simplifies access to the Federal Register and furthers the President's call to engage all Americans in the workings of government. We envision countless market innovations to ensure each voice is heard on the issues Americans care about the most."
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2009-10-05
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President Tours Hydrogen Fueling Station, Discusses Research [May 25, 2005]
President Bush tours a Shell Hydrogen Fueling Station and talks about his energy bill and its relation to national security.
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-
2005-05-25
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Video Remarks by the President to the Department of Commerce Annual Export Controls Update Conference [August 30, 2010]
These remarks by President Obama are identical to those he will deliver by video on August 31, 2010, to the Department of Commerce Annual Export Controls Update Conference. The President plans on announcing the signing of "an Executive Order that creates an Export Enforcement Coordination Center to coordinate and strengthen our enforcement efforts -- and eliminate gaps and duplication -- across all relevant departments and agencies."
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
Obama, Barack
2010-08-30
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Fact Sheet: Action on Climate Change, Energy and Sustainable Development [July 8, 2005]
This fact sheet outlines actions to be taken by both the United States and the G-8 [Group of Eight] Leaders in order to bring clear energy technologies more rapidly and to reduce pollution and damage to the environment.
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2005-07-08
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Fact Sheet: Developing Renewable Fuels and Clean Diesel Technologies [May 16, 2005]
This fact sheet provides information about the current research and development projects for renewable fuels and clean diesel technologies.
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2005-03-16
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Fact Sheet: Developing Clean and Secure Energy Through Hydrogen Fuel [May 25, 2005]
This fact sheet describes funding allocated to research for hydrogen technology research and development.
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2005-05-25
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Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act: Scope, Implementation, and Considerations for Congress [December 3, 2021]
From the Summary: "The Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act, enacted in December 2016, authorizes the President to impose economic sanctions on, and deny entry into the United States to, foreign individuals or entities identified as engaging in human rights violations or corruption. The act is based, in part, on a prior 2012 law focused on Russia, the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act, which was enacted in response to the detention and death in Russia of Sergei Magnitsky after he exposed Russian government corruption. The executive branch has implemented the Global Magnitsky Act through Executive Order (E.O.) 13818 of December 20, 2017. E.O. 13818, utilizing other presidential authorities, expands the scope of sanctionable targets as compared to the Global Magnitsky Act, including broader networks of individuals and entities associated with perpetrators of human rights abuse or corruption. As of December 3, 2021, a total of 148 individuals and 189 entities are subject to economic sanctions under E.O. 13818."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weber, Michael A.
2021-12-03
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Alien Tort Statute: A Primer [Updated January 11, 2022]
From the Summary: "Passed by the First Congress as part of the Judiciary Act of 1789, the Alien Tort Statute (ATS), in its current form, provides the following: 'The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action by an alien for a tort only, committed in violation of the law of nations or a treaty of the United States.' While just one sentence, the ATS has evolved over the years from an obscure jurisdictional provision to a prominent vehicle for foreign nationals to seek redress in U.S. courts for injuries caused by human rights offenses and acts of terrorism. The ATS has its historical roots in founding-era efforts to give the federal government supremacy over the nation's power of foreign affairs and to avoid international conflict arising from disputes about aliens' treatment in the United States. Although it has been part of U.S. law since 1789, the ATS was rarely used for nearly two centuries. In 1980, that long dormancy came to an end when the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit rendered a landmark decision, 'Filártiga v. PeñaIrala,' which held that the ATS permits claims for violations of modern international human rights law."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Mulligan, Stephen P.
2022-01-11
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European Union: Questions and Answers [Updated February 8, 2022]
From the Summary: "The European Union (EU) is a political and economic partnership that represents a unique form of cooperation among sovereign countries. The EU is the latest stage in a process of integration begun after World War II, initially by six Western European countries, to foster interdependence and make another war in Europe unthinkable. The EU currently consists of 27 member states, including most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and has helped to promote peace, stability, and economic prosperity throughout the European continent. [...] With the Biden Administration's entrance into office in 2021, the EU hoped to renew and strengthen relations with the United States. President Biden committed to partnering with the EU on a wide range of global concerns, including the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic and climate change. Resolving U.S.-EU trade disputes and promoting technological cooperation also have been key areas of focus for the Biden Administration. The United States and the EU have offered strong backing for Ukraine amid concerns about Russia's buildup of military forces near Ukraine's borders since late 2021. At the same time, U.S.-EU differences have persisted on a range of foreign policy and economic issues, and some new tensions have emerged, especially with regard to the U.S. troop withdrawal from Afghanistan in 2021 and security policy in the Indo-Pacific. Some in the EU continue to question whether the United States will remain a credible international leader and reliable partner in the long term and argue that the EU must be better prepared to address both regional and global challenges on its own."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin
2022-02-08
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U.S. Sanctions on Russia [Updated January 18, 2022]
From the Summary: "In early 2022, Congress, the Biden Administration, and other stakeholders are considering the prospect of new sanctions on Russia. In response to a Russian military buildup near and in Ukraine, the United States and European allies have said they would impose additional sanctions in the event of further Russian aggression against Ukraine. Such sanctions could include greater restrictions on transactions with Russian financial institutions and U.S. technology exports, as well as the suspension of Russia's pending Nord Stream 2 natural gas pipeline project. Further additional sanctions, including on Russia's energy sector and secondary market transactions in Russian sovereign debt, also may be under consideration."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Welt, Cory; Archick, Kristin; Nelson, Rebecca M. . . .
2022-01-18
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Northern Ireland: The Peace Process, Ongoing Challenges, and U.S. Interests [Updated March 10, 2022]
From the Summary: "Between 1969 and 1999, roughly 3,500 people died as a result of political violence in Northern Ireland, which is one of four component 'nations' of the United Kingdom (UK). The conflict, often referred to as 'the Troubles,' has its origins in the 1921 division of Ireland and has reflected a struggle between different national, cultural, and religious identities. Protestants in Northern Ireland largely define themselves as British and support remaining part of the UK ('unionists'). Most Catholics in Northern Ireland consider themselves Irish, and many desire a united Ireland ('nationalists'). Successive U.S. Administrations and many Members of Congress have actively supported the Northern Ireland peace process. For decades, the United States has provided development aid through the International Fund for Ireland (IFI). In recent years, congressional hearings have focused on the peace process, police reforms, human rights, and addressing Northern Ireland's legacy of violence (often termed 'dealing with the past'). Some Members also are concerned about how 'Brexit'--the UK's withdrawal as a member of the European Union (EU) in January 2020--is affecting Northern Ireland."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin
2022-03-10
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Role of International Tribunals in the Response to the Invasion of Ukraine [Updated April 13, 2022]
From the Document: "The Ukrainian government and much [hyperlink] of the international community contend that actions taken by Russian forces following its February 2022 invasion of Ukraine violate international law. A number of officials have also expressed concern that actions during the invasion may amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity [hyperlink]; others, including the Secretary General of the United Nations [hyperlink] (U.N.) and the U.S. Secretary of State [hyperlink] have claimed that the situation in Ukraine is leading to increased human rights violations. This Sidebar addresses the role of international tribunals in addressing issues involving international humanitarian and human rights law."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hart, Nina M.; Mulligan, Stephen P.
2022-04-13
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Overview of Correspondent Banking and 'De-Risking' Issues [Updated April 8, 2022]
From the Document: "In broad terms, correspondent banking refers to formal agreements or relationships between banks to provide payment services for each other. It is often used to effectuate cross-border payments, and as such, plays an important role in the international financial system. The value of global cross-border payments is estimated to increase from almost $150 trillion in 2017 to over $250 trillion by 2027, according to the Bank of England. Correspondent banking represents a significant portion of this (e.g., the European Central Bank reported roughly $746 billion worth of daily transactions channeled through correspondent banking arrangements within Eurozone countries alone in 2019), as it underpins trade finance, migrant remittances, and humanitarian flows. [...] Although these transactions provide significant benefits, they also present several challenges. Two interrelated primary policy issues involved with correspondent banking are (1) what types of anti-money-laundering (AML) and countering the financing of terrorism (CFT) controls should be in place to prevent illicit payments? and (2) how to prevent excessive industry reaction to such controls, called 'de-risking.'"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Miller, Rena S.
2022-04-08
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Law of War and the Russian Invasion of Ukraine [March 16, 2022]
From the Document: "In the days after Russia's invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, many countries [hyperlink] condemned the action as a violation of international law governing when countries may use force against one another. Since then, several observers, including the U.S. Secretary of State [hyperlink] and other foreign [hyperlink] government officials [hyperlink], have cited evidence that the Russian military has targeted civilians, struck protected sites, and taken other actions that violate international law regulating the conduct of war. This Legal Sidebar provides a brief introduction to the international legal framework governing the use of force in the invasion of Ukraine and concludes with a discussion of avenues for accountability and options for Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Mulligan, Stephen P.
2022-03-16
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Role of International Tribunals in the Response to the Invasion of Ukraine [Updated March 18, 2022]
From the Document: "The Ukrainian government and much [hyperlink] of the international community contend that actions taken by Russian forces during Russia's invasion of Ukraine violate international law. A number of officials have also expressed concern that actions during the invasion may amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity [hyperlink]; others, including the Secretary General of the United Nations [hyperlink] (U.N.) and the U.S. Secretary of State [hyperlink] have claimed that the situation in Ukraine is leading to increased human rights violations. This Sidebar addresses the role of international tribunals in addressing issues involving international humanitarian and human rights law."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hart, Nina M.; Mulligan, Stephen P.
2022-03-18
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U.S.-European Relations in the 117th Congress [Updated January 14, 2022]
From the Document: "Since the end of the Second World War, successive U.S. Administrations and many Members of Congress have supported a close U.S. partnership with Europe. Often termed the 'transatlantic relationship,' the U.S.-European partnership encompasses the NATO alliance, relations with the European Union (EU), and extensive bilateral political and economic ties. Despite periodic tensions over the past 70-plus years, U.S. and European policymakers have valued the transatlantic partnership as serving their respective geostrategic and economic interests. The post-World War II transatlantic security and economic architecture came under considerable pressure during the Trump Administration. The unprecedented nature of President Trump's criticisms of NATO, the EU, and key European countries, as well as numerous U.S.-European policy divisions, severely strained relations. European officials have welcomed Biden Administration efforts to decrease tensions and renew the transatlantic partnership, although various differences persist. The second session of the 117th Congress may evaluate current U.S. interests in Europe and prospects for future U.S.-European cooperation."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin
2022-01-14
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Europe, COVID-19, and U.S. Relations [Updated January 14, 2022]
From the Document: "Like most of the rest of the world, European governments and the European Union (EU) have struggled to manage the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. European leaders have characterized the pandemic as Europe's biggest challenge since the Second World War, with potentially far-reaching political, social, and economic consequences beyond the public health impact. Members of Congress may be interested in COVID-19's implications for U.S. relations with Europe, including in NATO and with the EU, and in how the pandemic might alter certain U.S.- European dynamics, especially vis-à-vis China."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin; Belkin, Paul; Garding, Sarah E. . . .
2022-01-14
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Global Human Rights: The Department of State's Country Reports on Human Rights Practices [Updated January 24, 2022]
From the Introduction: "The State Department's 'Country Reports on Human Rights Practices' are an annual U.S. government account of human rights conditions in countries around the globe. The reports characterize countries on the basis of their adherence to 'internationally recognized human rights,' which generally refer to civil, political, and worker rights set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights agreements. The most recent reports cover calendar year 2020 and were issued on March 30, 2021. They provide individual narratives on countries and territories worldwide and are available on the Department of State website. As with prior reports, the 2020 reports do not compare countries or rank them based on the severity of human rights abuses documented. Although the reports describe human rights violations in many countries, in remarks introducing the reports and in a written preface, Secretary of State Antony Blinken specifically noted violations in a number of countries, including China, Ethiopia, Russia, Syria, Uganda, Venezuela, and Yemen, among others. Blinken described Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a negative factor affecting respect for human rights, stating, 'autocratic governments have used [the pandemic] as a pretext to target their critics and further repress human rights.'"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weber, Michael A.
2022-01-24
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Russia's Invasion of Ukraine: European Union Responses and Implications for U.S.-EU Relations [Updated March 28, 2022]
From the Document: "The 27-member European Union (EU) has responded with unprecedented unity and speed to Russia's February 2022 invasion of Ukraine. EU policy responses and coordination with the United States are of interest to Congress given the EU's role as a U.S. partner in addressing Russia's aggression." The following are some key EU responses: "Sanctions"; "Military Assistance"; "Helping Refugees and Providing Aid"; and "Tackling Disinformation."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Archick, Kristin
2022-03-28
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U.S. Summit for Democracy [December 6, 2021]
From the Document: "On December 9-10, the United States is to convene a virtual 'Summit for Democracy [hyperlink],' with participation by leaders of foreign governments, civil society organizations, and the private sector. Leading up to the event, the U.S. government is hosting side events [hyperlink], including inter-parliamentary sessions facilitated by the House Democracy Partnership [hyperlink]. Roughly a year after the virtual Summit, the Biden Administration anticipates a second, in-person Summit to follow up on commitments made at the initial meeting. U.S. commitments made at the Summit could prompt congressional oversight and/or legislation and affect appropriations decisions."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Weber, Michael A.
2021-12-06
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Supreme Court Preview of 2020-2021 Environmental and Energy Law Cases and Review of 2019-2020 Rulings [Updated February 11, 2021]
From the Summary: "The Supreme Court 2019-2020 term, which started on October 1, 2019, was historic in unexpected ways. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in the Court indefinitely closing its building to the public, postponing oral arguments, and conducting telephonic oral arguments for the first time in history. Beyond the effects of the pandemic, the 2019-2020 Term was notable for the substantive opinions that the Supreme Court issued on environmental, energy, and natural resources (EENR) law issues. [...] The Supreme Court's 2020-2021 term, which began on October 5, 2020, features cases relating to states' competing claims to several interstate rivers, disclosure of agency documents produced during an Endangered Species Act consultation, the appropriate court to decide climate change liability suits, the small refinery exemptions under the Clean Air Act's renewable fuel standard, the relationship between separate CERCLA [Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act] provisions for recouping cleanup costs, eminent domain authority under the Natural Gas Act, and other areas of EENR law. [...] This report reviews some the major EENR decisions from the Supreme Court's 2019-2020 term and previews the legal disputes and arguments in selected EENR cases and petitions for certiorari in the 2020-2021 term. The report also highlights the broader implications of these decisions and cases for Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Tsang, Linda; Bowers, Kate R.; Holmes, Eric N. . . .
2021-02-11
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 350, Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 2022
From the Document: "Under current law, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Department of Justice (DOJ), and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) investigate, prosecute, and work to prevent acts of terrorism--both domestic and international in nature. H.R. 350 would require each of those agencies to operate offices dedicated to investigating, preventing, and prosecuting domestic terrorism and would authorize the appropriation of whatever amounts are necessary for those offices. Under the bill, the agencies would be required to produce a joint report every six months that assesses, quantifies, and characterizes domestic terrorism threats nationwide, including threats posed by white supremacist and neo-Nazi groups. Each agency's domestic terrorism office would be directed to focus its resources on the most significant threats, as determined by the number of incidents from each threat category identified in the joint report during the preceding six months. [...] CBO [Congressional Budget Office] estimates that implementing the legislation would cost $105 million over the 2022-2026 period."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-04-26
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 3522, Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022
From the Document: "S. 3522 would authorize the Administration, through fiscal year 2023, to lend or lease military equipment to Ukraine and other Eastern European countries. The act would exempt the Administration from certain provisions of law that govern the loan or lease of military equipment to foreign countries, such as the five-year limit on the duration of the loan or the requirement that receiving countries pay all costs incurred by the United States in leasing the defense equipment. Any loan or lease of military equipment to Ukraine would still be subject to all applicable laws concerning the return of such equipment. [...] Because CBO [Congressional Budget Office] has insufficient information about how the Administration would use the authorities under S. 3522, we have no basis to estimate its effects on federal spending. Enacting the bill would not affect revenues."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2022-04-26
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Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jay Carney, Secretary of Energy Steven Chu and Deputy Assistant to the President for Energy and Climate Change Heather Zichal [March 30, 2011]
In this March 30, 2011 press briefing, Press Secretary Jay Carney, Secretary of Energy Steven Chu and Deputy Assistant to the President for Energy and Climate Change Heather Zichal take questions on reducing U.S. dependency on foreign oil; offshore oil drilling; the nuclear crisis in Japan; U.S. and international military action in Libya; and possible signs of al Qaeda and Hezbollah ties to Libyan rebels.
United States. Office of the White House Press Secretary
2011-03-30
