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State vs. Federal Land Management, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Lands of the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, June 20, 1995
This is the June 20, 1995 hearing on "State Vs. Federal Land Management," held before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Lands of the Committee on Resources. From the opening statement of James V. Hansen: "The Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests and Lands commences today to take testimony on the economies and efficiencies of State management of Federal lands. There is an ever-increasing interest in the West, in rural America and in Congress to find ways to substantially increase the involvement of the State and local governments. The overwhelming discontent in the West stems from the enormous Federal presence through ownership of lands and resources. Although in past decades the Federal Government has been a good neighbor, the trend over the last 20 years has been toward a top- down, command-and-control approach to management of Federal lands." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Fife Symington, Robert H. Nelson, and Don Leal.
United States. Government Printing Office
1995
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Hawaii Overflights, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests and Public Lands of the Committee on Natural Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session, November 18, 1993
This is the November 18, 1993 hearing on "Hawaii Overflights," held before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests and Public Lands of the Committee on Natural Resources. From the opening statement of Bruce F. Vento: "The subcommittee is meeting today to consider the initiative by our colleague on the subcommittee, Congresswoman Patsy Mink, H.R. 1696. This measure provides for the regulation of air space over the NPS [National Park System] lands in the State of Hawaii by the Federal Aviation Administration and the National Park Service." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Hal Becker, David Chevalier, Bob DeCamp, Elling Halvorson, David R. Harrington, David Leese, Kathy Moser, John T. Reynolds, and Barry Stokes.
United States. Government Printing Office
1995
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Surface Mining, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources of the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, June 27, 1995
This is the June 27, 1995 hearing on "Surface Mining," held before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources of the Committee on Resources. From the opening statement of Ken Calvert: "The subcommittee meets today in an oversight role to review the issue of State primacy in the regulation of active coal mining operations under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, commonly called SMCRA." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: O. Gene Dishner, Robert C. Dolence, Blair M. Gardner, Paul Ison, Charles R. Matthews, Terry O'Connor, Cindy Rank, Mark Squillace, Ted Stewart, Gwen Thompson, and Robert J. Uram.
United States. Government Printing Office
1995
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Study of Occupant Behavior During the World Trade Center Evacuation - Preliminary Report of Results
On February 26, 1993, shortly after noon, a bomb exploded in a subterranean garage below the World Trade Center plaza in New York City. The explosion and subsequent fire caused extensive structural damage on several basement levels, interfered with the operation of the fire protection and other emergency systems and resulted in the evacuation of over 100,000 occupants of the complex. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) undertook a research project, funded by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the General Services Administration, NFPA and NRC, to study the human behavior of building occupants in this incident and to document, to the extent possible, those engineering details such building design, fire safety features, and smoke spread, that effected behavior. The purpose of this project was to collect and preserve human behavior data. The information gathered will aid in the understanding of what people do in fires and why and how those actions may conform to or differ from the assumptions used in designing and planning for life safety in such a large building. Results will help in work toward the improvement of fire safety in similar occupancies and to enhance the knowledge needed in the development of emergency evacuation models.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Fahy, Rita F.
1995
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Law Enforcement Issues in the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Oversight Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Native American Affairs of the Committee on Natural Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session on the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act of 1990, Law Enforcement Issues in Indian Country, and Recent Allegations of Police Brutality, March 18, 1994-Washington, Dc
This is March 18, 1994 hearing on "Law Enforcement Issues in the Bureau of Indian Affairs," held before the Subcommittee on Native American Affairs of the Committee on Natural Resources, House of Representatives. From the opening statement of Bill Richardson: "Today's hearing is on law enforcement issues in Indian country. Representatives Thomas and Johnson have requested this hearing because of recent allegations of police brutality on several reservations. I note that there are hundreds of excellent law enforcement officers serving Indian country. However, if there is truth to the allegations, the subcommittee will take some action. On August 18, 1990, Congress enacted the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act. This law marked the first comprehensive statutory scheme governing BIA law enforcement activities on Indian lands. Despite the enactment of this law, there remains serious problems in BIA law enforcement. There have been increasing complaints regarding the excessive use of force by BIA law enforcement officers. These complaints have been the focus after a great deal of media attention. Although the numbers of allegations of police brutality against BIA may not reflect a significant problem, the manner with which the BIA has responded to complaints against BIA officers does present a significant problem." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Wayman Babby, Gerald Brun, Wilma Bordeaux, Connie Cox, Walter M. Francis, Billy F. Hillgartner, Rod Lewis, William Matthews, Floyd Phillips, Theodore R. Quasula, Harvey Spoonhunter, Clara Spotted Elk, Mary V. Thomas, Richard Whitesell, and John Woodenlegs.
United States. Government Printing Office
1995
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DoD Directive 5220.22-M: National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual
On behalf of the Secretary of Defense as Executive Agent, pursuant to Executive Order 12829,
"National Industrial Security Program" (NISP), and with the concurrence of the Secretary
of Energy, the Chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Director of Central
Intelligence, I am pleased to promulgate the inaugural edition of the NISP Operating Manual
(NISPOM). The NISPOM was developed in close coordination with industry and it represents
a concerted effort on behalf of hundreds of individuals throughout the Executive Branch and
industry. The NISPOM represents the beginning of a new industrial security process which is
based on sound threat analysis and risk management practices and which establishes consistent
security policies and practices throughout the government. It creates a new government
and industry partnership which empowers industry to more directly manage its own administrative
security controls.
United States. Department of Defense
1995-01
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EPA's Role in the Federal Response Plan: Being Prepared for Catastrophic Disaster: Factsheet
This fact sheet from 1995 gives the following information regarding the EPA's role in the Federal Response Plan: What is the Federal Response Plan; How does FRP work; FRP Resources: Emergency Support Functions; Federal Response Plan ESFs (and primary agencies); FRP links with the National Response Team; ESF #10-Hazardous materials; and EPA takes action under the FRP. Emergency contact information is also provided on this fact sheet.
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
1995-01
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Data Security Vulnerabilities of Facsimile Machines and Digital Copiers, CIAC 2304
This study examines the data security vulnerabilities of facsimile machines, i.e., self-contained fax machines and fax modems. This study is primarily concerned with vulnerabilities associated with outsider intrusion and interception. An outsider is anyone who does not have physical access to the fax machine, but does have access to the phone number, wires, utilities, and trash that passes into and out of the facility containing the fax machine. This paper investigates the possibility of an outsider compromising data without that person ever touching the fax machine. This study also includes vulnerabilities associated with an insider, but only generally, because of the large number of access avenues available to an insider. An insider is an individual who has physical access to the fax machine, its input and output papers. This study did not attempt to review all manufactured facsimile machines. Machines not tested may have vulnerabilities peculiar to a unique feature or due to a specific weakness in a certain make and model. This study also examines those smart copy machines whose capabilities parallel fax machines.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Orvis, William J.; Van Lehn, Allan L.
1995-01
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NAFTA and North American Security
"Historically, the negative consequences of sharing a border with the United States have been roughly comparable for its two neighbors, the major distinction being that Mexico has suffered much more deeply and more recently. During the 1800s, both nations had ample reason to fear intervention and loss of territory due to U.S. expansionism. But during the 20th century, security relations have advanced to the point that peace is now regarded as a permanent condition between these neighbors. Mexico and Canada share a fundamental asymmetry of power in comparison to the United States, a situation which has historically created a preference for diversification in their approach to diplomatic and economic relations. However, since the mid-1980's the absence of suitable options for sustained economic progress has motivated both countries to bind their economies more closely to the United States via NAFTA. When it comes to regional diplomatic matters both Mexico and Canada have an intrinsic wariness regarding the exercise of U.S military power in the Americas. Neither nation harbors any enthusiasm for the Rio Pact or the Inter-American Defense Board. The post-Cold War period has been marked by an array of non-traditional security concerns that affect all three North American states in one way or another, including the cross-border flow of illicit drugs, contraband weapons, and illegal immigrants. These 'security' concerns are distinctive because the non-state actors associated with them have tentacles that stretch across national boundaries. Consequently, the three states can address these problems effectively only via coordinated, multilateral action. Making the security relationship trilateral might be attractive for both Mexico and Canada because it could attenuate the fundamental disparity in power they both confront when dealing individually with the 'Colossus' of North America. Perhaps the dawning of an era of expanded economic integration, growing interdependence, and shared transnational concerns will be conducive to reexamining the basis for future security cooperation."
National Defense University. Institute for National Strategic Studies
Dziedzic, Michael J.
1995-01
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Hate Crime in Ohio
"The Ohio Advisory Committee submits this report, Hate Crime in Ohio, as part of its responsibility to advise the Commission of civil rights issues within the State. The Committee is indebted to the Midwestern Regional Office staff in the preparation of this report. Fourteen Committee members voted to approve the report, no members voted against approval, one member was out of the country and did not vote, and one member resigned prior to the vote. The Advisory Committee held two sets of fact-finding meetings with the intent to discern the nature and level of hate crime activity in the State. The first 2-day session was held in Cincinnati on August 12 and 13, 1993. The second 2-day session was held in Cleveland on August 19 and 20, 1993. As part of the fact-finding, the Committee obtained hate crime statistics from the five largest metropolitan cities in the State as well as the specific law enforcement agencies reporting hate crime to the Attorney General. The Committee finds reporting of hate crime by local law enforcement agencies to be minimal, and, further, finds wide discrepancies in the interpretation of the hate crime statute. These two factors combine to give a very murky picture of the amount of hate crime in the State. It is clear to the Committee that hate crimes are a serious problem in Ohio. It is also clear that unless law enforcement agencies throughout the State make a serious effort to recognize and report such incidents, the extent and underlying causes of the problem will never be fully understood."
United States Commission on Civil Rights
1995-01
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Psychological Approaches to Organized Aggression: Second Final Report
The purpose of this paper was to consider whether psychologists are in a position to improve our understanding of and ability to deal with terrorism and its effects. The psychological aspects of terrorism are divided into six categories:(1) psychological analyses of the terrorist; (2) the nature, timing, and effects of terrorist acts; (3) the behavior during acts of terrorism of terrorists, victims, and negotiators; (4) the prediction and prevention of acts of terrorism; (5) the effects of such acts on victims; and (6) psychological assistance for victims.
U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences
Rachman, Stanley J.
1995-01
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Earthquake Risk Reduction in the United States: An Assessment of Selected User Needs and Recommendations for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program
"This Assessment was conducted to improve the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) by providing NEHRP agencies with information that supports their user-oriented setting of crosscutting priorities in the NEHRP strategic planning process. The primary objective of this Assessment was to take a 'snapshot' evaluation of the needs of selected users throughout the major program elements of NEHRP. Secondary objectives were to conduct an assessment of the knowledge that exists (or is being developed by NEHRP) to support earthquake risk reduction, and to begin a process of evaluating how NEHRP is meeting user needs. An identification of NEHRP's strengths also resulted from the effort, since those strengths demonstrate successful methods that may be useful to NEHRP in the future. These strengths are identified in the text, and many of them represent important achievements since the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act was passed in 1977."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. Department of Energy
Center for Natural Phenomena Engineering
1994-12-31
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Medical Company Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures
This field manual (FM) provides the doctrine and the tactics, techniques, and procedures required for the operation of the medical company. It is intended for use by the medical commander and his staff. The staffing and organizational structure presented in this publication reflects those established in living tables of organization and equipment (LTOEs). However, such staffing is subject to change to comply with manpower requirements criteria outlined in Army Regulation (AR) 570-2 and can be subsequently changed by your modified table of organization and equipment (MTOE).
United States. Department of the Army
1994-12-29
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Director's Series on Proliferation
From the United States Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information's website: "The Director`s Series on Proliferation is an occasional publication of essays on the topics of nuclear, chemical, biological, and missile proliferation. The seven papers presented in this issue cover the following topics: Should the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) be amended?; NPT extension - Legal and procedural issues; An Indonesian view of NPT review conference issues; The treaty of Tlatelolco and the NPT - Tools for peace and development; Perspectives on cut-off, weapons dismantlement, and security assurances; Belarus and NPT challenges; A perspective on the chemical weapons convention - Lessons learned from the preparatory commission."
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Bailey, Kathleen C.; Price, M. Elaine
1994-12-27
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Pandora's Box Reopened: Ethnic Conflict in Europe and Its Implications
"The author explores the complexities of ethnicity and ethnic conflict in Europe, and assesses the substantial consequences for the United States. He examines the causes and sources of ethnic conflict, and then analyzes its complex nature--its spectrum, patterns, and special characteristics. The author next investigates the policymaking process, especially the difficulties confronting decisionmakers as they grapple with the unique nature of ethnic conflict. He then assesses the implications of ethnic conflict in Europe for the United States and the U.S. Army. Finally, he offers policy recommendations that might assist political and military leaders in developing U.S. policies for resolving ethnic conflict in Europe."
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Johnsen, William Thomas, 1952-
1994-12-23
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Chemical Weapons: Stability of the U.S. Stockpile, Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives
"The Army's assessment that the chemical weapons stockpile can be safely stored until 2004 is subject to question based on the nature of the supporting data. According to Sandia National Laboratories, which reviewed the Army report at our request, the data on which the Army based its assessment were old and may no longer be representative of munitions in actual field storage. Also, the assessment did not include an analysis of leaking munitions. Sandia recommended that the Army immediately expand its stockpile monitoring activities to include propellant samples from non-leaking and leaking munitions at each storage location. The Army has established a working group to review its assessment and received $4.5 million in fiscal year 1995 to expand its stockpile monitoring activities. However, the expanded monitoring activities will not resolve all questions about the stability of the stockpile. A contingency plan for emergency disposal of the M55 rocket is needed because it is the only munition in the stockpile that cannot readily be reconfigured to remove its explosive components. However, the Army has not prepared a plan. It is studying several courses of action, but additional information on the specific hazards is needed before a plan can be finalized."
United States. General Accounting Office
1994-12-22
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Brilliant Stiletto: Tactical Strikes and Preemption
"This monograph examines the implications for planning and conducting strike operations to achieve preemption of threats within the fundamentally altered post-Cold War security environment. The underlying premise is that doctrine and tactics based on the Cold War paradigm of combat are of limited relevance. Increasingly the nature of new threats and the blurring of the strategic, operational and tactical levels of war resulting from the emerging security environment, advanced weapons technology and digital communications dictate the need for both lethal and non-lethal preemptive strikes supported by information operations. Five preemptive strike operations are presented and examined, and their characteristics identified. The five strike operations suitable for achieving preemption are interception, ambush, decapitation, critical link strike, and coup de main. These strike operations are further delineated into categories of counterforce and countersystem strikes for planning and targeting purposes."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. School of Advanced Military Studies
Flynt, William C., III
1994-12-19
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Achieving Victory in Peace Operations: An Application for Clausewitz's Theory on Culmination
"This monograph examines the U.S. military operations in Beirut, Lebanon 1982-1983 and Somalia 1993 in the context of Clausewitz's theory regarding a culminating point of victory. The dynamics of peace operations present a unique challenge to military commanders. If the prudent commander is to avoid the risk of a tactical defeat with strategic consequences, a management of the factors leading to military culmination and their linkage to operational assumptions should be the keystone of any planning effort. Recognizing the culminating point of victory provides an essential perspective on the necessary force structure, disposition, and tactics to assure mission success and to prompt their reappraissal at critical junctures that might otherwise be lost in the operational background noise. The monograph proposes that an analysis of what constitutes a culminating point of victory serves to capture the subjective nature of the decisionmaking process in a quantifiable manner. This framework facilitates the recognition and management of operational risks. A commander then is better prepared to avoid operational culmination due to a tactical defeat."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. School of Advanced Military Studies
Schuster, Daniel J.
1994-12-17
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Scud Alert!: The History, Development, and Military Significance of Ballistic Missiles on Tactical Operations
From the thesis abstract: "This monograph argues that changes in the nation's military strategy, the continued global proliferation of ballistic missiles and weapons of mass destruction, and the pace of technological improvements to those systems mandate that commanders and planners understand the military significance of ballistic missiles to their tactical battle space. This monograph traces the early history and recent development of ballistic missiles and analyzes nine factors related to their battlefield effectiveness. Included in this analysis is a discussion of chemical, biological, nuclear, fuel-air explosive, and submunition warheads and their effect on tactical operations. The monograph concludes with an examination of the impact of ballistic missiles on tactical forces during force projection operations."
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College
Greenwald, Bryon E.
1994-12-17
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Authority of the Federal Financial Supervisory Agencies Under the Community Reinvestment Act: Memorandum for Eugene A. Ludwig, Comptroller of the Currency [December 15, 1994]
"This memorandum responds to your request for our opinion concerning whether the federal financial supervisory agencies ('the agencies') have authority under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 ('CRA'), 12 U.S.C. § 2901 et seq., to provide by regulation that financial institutions that do not meet the credit needs of their communities may be subject to administrative enforcement actions under 12 U.S.C. § 1818. We conclude that the agencies lack such authority."
United States. Department of Justice. Office of Legal Counsel
1994-12-15
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Intelligence Community Training Directors' Consortium (TDC)
The Training Directors' Consortium will serve as the focal point within the Intelligence Community and between the Intelligence Community and other US Government elements on training and educational requirements, programs, policies, and resources of common concern.
United States. Central Intelligence Agency
1994-12-13
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Memorandum for Loretta Brown: Department of Defense Directive 3150.3: Nuclear Force Security and Survivability (S2), August 16, 1994
From the memorandum: "The attached DoD Directive 3150.3, 'Nuclear Force Security and Survivability (S2),' August 16, 1994, replaces DoD Directive 3150.3, 'Survivability and Security (S2) of Nonstrategic Nuclear Forces (NSNF),' January 23, 1991." From the Department of Defense Directive: "This Directive: 1. Reissues reference (a) to: a. Add strategic nuclear weapons and forces to the existing DoD Non-strategic Nuclear Forces (NSNF) S2 Program. b. Update policy and responsibilities for nuclear force S2. 2. Describes the DoD program to develop concepts, procedures, equipment, facilities, and training programs that ensure the S2 of nuclear weapons systems (hereafter referred to in this Directive as 'nuclear force S2') throughout the threat spectrum in all plausible scenarios and throughout the weapon system's life cycle. 3. Requires that applicable Military Services maintain nuclear force S2 programs, in accordance with the policies in section D., below, and that the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) maintain coordinated research and development (R&D) support programs for nuclear force S2 to complement the programs of the Military Services."
United States. Department of Defense
1994-12-09
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Presidential Determination No. 95-9: Resumption of U.S. Drug Interdiction Assistance to the Government of Peru
This brief document, signed by President Clinton, determines for the record that aerial interdiction of suspected drug trafficking aircraft is necessary to defend the national security of Peru, and that the country has procedures in place to protect loss of innocent life, satisfying the legal requirements of the administration's amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act of 1995.
United States. White House Office
1994-12-08
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S. Prt. 103-97: Is Military Research Hazardous to Veterans' Health? Lessons Spanning Half a Century, A Staff Report Prepared for the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, United States Senate, December 1994
During the last 50 years, hundreds of thousands of military personnel have been involved in human experimentation and other intentional exposures conducted by the Department of Defense (DOD), often without a service member's knowledge or consent. In some cases, soldiers who consented to serve as human subjects found themselves participating in experiments quite different from those described at the time they volunteered. For example, thousands of World War II veterans who originally volunteered to 'test summer clothing' in exchange for extra leave time, found themselves in gas chambers testing the effects of mustard gas and lewisite. Additionally, soldiers were sometimes ordered by commanding officers to "volunteer" to participate in research or face dire consequences. For example, several Persian Gulf War veterans interviewed by Committee staff reported that they were ordered to take experimental vaccines during Operation Desert Shield or face prison. The goals of many of the military experiments and exposures were very appropriate. For example, some experiments were intended to provide important information about how to protect U.S. troops from nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons or other dangerous substances during wartime. In the Persian Gulf War, U.S. troops were intentionally exposed to an investigational vaccine that was intended to protect them against biological warfare, and they were given pyridostigmine bromide pills in an experimental protocol intended to protect them against chemical warfare.
United States. Government Printing Office
1994-12-08
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Total Force: Federal Reserves and State National Guards
"Never before in peacetime has the United States placed so much emphasis and reliance on the Armed Forces' Reserve Components. Since the Total Force Policy was introduced by Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird in 1970, this dependency has grown even more. The 1990 mobilization for OPERATION DESERT SHIELD and the follow-on offensive OPERATION DESERT STORM in 1991 validated the use of the Reserve Components for contingency operations and guaranteed the policy's extension for the foreseeable future. Yet, even with the renewed emphasis on the Reserve Components' roles, their legal basis, mission, mobilization, training, force structure, and relationship to their respective Active Component remain relatively little understood. There are relatively few, if any, single source references pertaining to these Reserve Component areas. This report responds to the growing strategic importance of the Armed Forces Reserve Components. Declining defense budgets leading to small Active Component forces, coupled with inherent dangers facing the world community in a multipolar world, makes the use of Reserve forces on a recurring basis a necessity. This is especially true for Reserve Combat Support and Combat Service Support Forces not readily available in the Active Components. In essence, because of the relatively short time in which contingency operations unfold, the Reserve Components have become the Nation's strategic reserve insurance policy."
Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute
Heller, Charles E., 1943-
1994-12-07
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Blue Grass Full Scale Exercise 1994
The Blue Grass Community Full-Scale Exercise 1994 (FSX 94) provided the opportunity to demonstrate emergency response capabilities as specified in the extent of play agreements and to address issues identified during the Blue Grass Community Direction and Control Exercise 1993.
Lessons Learned Information Sharing (LLIS)
1994-12-03
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On the Types of Balancing Behavior
From the thesis abstract: "The structure of the international system underwent a fundamental change with the end of the Cold War. The shift from bipolarity to multipolarity has loosened many of the constraints on the balancing behavior of the states that make up that system. Using neorealist theory, this paper examines the balancing choices of states in a multipolar world. Neorealism is clear in suggesting that under bipolarity, the great powers' balancing choice was inclined toward internal balancing-the development of one's own economic or military power. In a multipolar system, however, great powers will have greater opportunities for external balancing--allying with other powers. Additionally, the presence of nuclear weapons provides small states with the ability to balance against great powers. This may lead them to abandon their traditional reliance on alliances with great powers as the primary means for providing for their security. The European states system during the period 1856-1878 is presented as a case study. Findings suggest that those states with the capability to balance internally will do so. Using that knowledge, it is predicted that, in the current era, internal balancing will also be apparent with the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction as a consequence."
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
Bendel, Thomas R.
1994-12
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Practical Approach to High Assurance Multilevel Secure Computing Service
"Current projects aimed at providing MLS computing services rarely seem to exploit advances in related fields. Specifically, the concepts of data distribution, replication, and interoperation are currently receiving much attention in the commercial database system sector but have yet to be applied to the delivery of MLS computing services. This paper explains how these concepts might help deliver MLS computing services relatively quickly and cheaply, and how they can ease integration of legacy systems and new technology into future MLS cooperative, distributed computing environments."
Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.)
Froscher, J. N.; Kang, M.; McDermott, J. . . .
1994-12
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Homelands and Hostility: Measuring Levels of Nationalism
From the thesis abstract: "In this study, the reaction by the national minorities to governmental policies was used as an indicator of nationalism. Occasionally, minorities express good relations with the indigenous nationality but feel unfairly treated by the government. [...] This study has attempted to accomplish two tasks. The first was to test a basic premise of nationalism concerning one of its prime catalysts, ethno-demographic change. The second task was to test the theory by measuring levels of nationalism in comparable cases. No previous study known to the author has attempted to provide longitudinal data to quantify nationalism. Though the scale is rough, it has allowed for a comparison of levels of nationalism in multinational states. [...] A better understanding of nationalism is necessary to help multi-national states accommodate their minorities. By identifying crucial catalysts, perhaps states can work to overcome the inclination to use homeland psychology and instead include their national minorities in the democratic process. Different relationships and catalysts can be examined allowing eventually for predictive power regarding the intensity of emerging nationalism. Such a tool would be invaluable in today's world of nationalistic conflicts."
Air Force Institute of Technology (U.S.)
Webster, John A.
1994-12
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Capturing Industrial Security Costs: Standardization of Terminology and Procedures for Tracking Security Costs within Industry
"The purpose of this study is to validate a Security Cost Questionnaire developed by the Resources Working Group of the National Industrial Security Program. The Security Cost Questionnaire is intended to gather data to establish an industrial security cost baseline, which can be used as a measurement tool to validate changes brought about by the implementation of the National Industrial Security Program. The research findings reveal that there exists a general objection among industrial security professional associations, contractors, and specific security working groups concerning the necessity for the collection of data on industrial security costs. Scepticism exists concerning the validity of any cost data collected, as well as strong concern over the uses to which such data may be put."
Defense Personnel Security Research Center (U.S.)
Conway, Peter
1994-12
