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Product Manager Obscuration and Decontamination Systems
This collection of detailed mission statement sheets from specialty branches, covers a wide-range of areas regarding chemical threats. Topics include Product Manager Obscuration and Decontamination Systems; Product Director Detection Systems; Product Director Respiratory Protection Systems; Project Manager NBC Defense Systems, and Product Manager NBC Reconnaissance Systems. Each sheet describes responsibilities, equipment, and capabilities such as the M56 "Coyote" Motorized Smoke Obscurant System, the Light Vehicle Obscuration Smoke System (LVOSS), and the M157 "Lynx" Smoke Generator System.
United States. Department of Defense
2001
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Order in the Court: A Strategic Assessment of the Use of Military Commissions in the War on Terrorism
Student Strategic Research Project. The September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, perpetrated on American soil and resulting in thousands of deaths, are watershed events. Institutions are scrambling to transform to meet the new crisis. The President has created an Office of Homeland Defense, the military services are rapidly transforming to meet the new threat, and the Department of Defense is on the verge of creating a new unified command responsible for homeland security. Similarly, the law must respond to these new challenges. These changes are both in the domestic and international arenas. Amid these efforts, the President authorized the use of military commissions to try any non-citizen terrorists that the United States captures. Civil libertarians and international jurists raged at the prospect of military trials. The proposed military trials raise constitutional and international legal issues, and raise serious policy and strategic considerations. This paper examines some historical military commissions, explores the legal basis for them and assesses the policy from a strategic perspective. The paper concludes that military commissions are historically appropriate, lawful and strategically sound.
Army War College (U.S.)
Romaneski, Mark
2002-04-09
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Targeting the Leadership of Terrorist Organizations: Policy Considerations for America's National Security Strategy in Combating Global Terrorism
As America champions a resurgence in patriotism following the attacks of 11 September 2001 and rallies behind a determined President to defeat an ominous and determined adversary, a complementing grand strategy for prosecuting the global war on terrorism remains conspicuously absent amidst a landscape of newly appointed cabinet officials and fledging Homeland Security organizations. In his speech to the nation following the attacks, President Bush declared that America would bring every resource to bear in the fight to defeat terrorism. Public polls reflect overwhelming support for the collective engagement of all elements of national power in the fight against terrorism. But can America prosecute a strategy that specifically targets terrorist leaders and can it be an effective instrument of U.S. national security policy in combating the global threat? Simply put, despite what the strategists achieve in their final design and assessment of a national counterterrorism strategy, can such an approach be militarily feasible, suitable and acceptable, and ultimately, can it be morally and ethically prosecuted? The purpose of this paper is to provide a general answer to that exact question. Through the dual framework of Carl von Clausewitz's center of gravity concept and Dudley Knox's strategic assessment model, this study will provide a heuristic framework for analyzing and assessing the utility of targeting terrorist leaders as a credible strategy and instrument of U.S. national policy in combating global terrorism.
Army War College (U.S.)
Taliento, Michael J., Jr.
2002-04-09
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Terrorism: Foot-and-Mouth Disease as an Option
This paper reviews the definitions, vulnerabilities, terrorist ends, way, and means strategies, potential repercussions, and the potential solutions needed to remedy the threat of terrorist introduction of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) into a United States animal population.
Attitudes have changed as both the public and private sector now acknowledge that the nation's crops, livestock, and food supply are susceptible to biological attack. Potential scenarios for the intentional introduction of FMD into the United States cattle, swine, and sheep population are proposed. They are examples of agricultural biological terrorism aimed at the economic infrastructure of the United States. Agricultural Bio-terrorism (ABT) is a significant security concern for the United States. A rapid assessment and coordinated response by local, state, federal and Department of Defense assets is critical to mitigate potential damage to the U.S. economy.
Army War College (U.S.)
Whitt, Kenneth Brian
2002-04-09
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Acts of Man - Acts of God. Who Should Manage the Military Response?
Currently, requests to DoD for support in the aftermath of a natural disaster are made through the Executive Secretariat to the Army's Director of Military Support (DOMS). Should a domestic terrorist attack occur, which uses chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosive weapons (CBRNE), DoD has determined that the request may require special management and, as a result, would route the request to the Joint Staff. This paper analyzes the existing procedures to request military assistance for supporting civil authorities in the aftermath of both a natural disaster and a domestic CBRNE event. Recommendations are then made to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of those procedures.
Army War College (U.S.)
Robinson, Janet A.
2001-04-10
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 3162: Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT) Act of 2001
"H.R. 3162 (enacted as Public Law 107-56) will expand the powers of federal law
enforcement agencies and financial regulators to investigate and prosecute terrorist acts and financial crimes, establish new federal crimes, and increase penalties for acts of terrorism. The legislation will increase the payments to families of public safety officers who have died as a result of injuries incurred in the line of duty. In addition, H.R. 3162 will modify some of the current restrictions, and place new restrictions, on spending from the Crime Victims Fund."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2001-11-20
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Detailed Chemical Facts Sheets: U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion & Preventive Medicine: Office to the Deputy for Technical Services
This publication contains a collection of chemical facts sheets from the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion & Preventive Medicine. Included are detailed facts sheets for the following: Blood Agent Hydrogen Cyanide (AC); Psychodelic Agent 3 - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate (BZ); Tear Agent a Bromobenzylcyanide; Choking Agent Phosgene; Blood Agent Cyanogen Chloride; Tear Agent 2 - Chloroacetophenone; Tearing Agent Chloroacetophenone in Benzene & Carbon Tetrachloride; Tearing Agent Chloroacetophenone & Chloropicrin in Chloroform; Tear Agent O-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile (CS); Blister Agent Phosgene Oxime (CX); Vomiting Agent Adamsite (DM); Nerve Agent GA; Nerve Agent GB; Nerve Agent GD; Sulfur Mustard Agents H & HD; Blister Agent Mustard - Lewisite Mixture (HL); Blister Agent Nitrogen Mustard (HN-1); Blister Agent Nitrogen Mustard (HN-2); Blister Agent Nitrogen Mustard (HN-3); Sulfur Mustard Agent HT; Blister Agent Lewisite (L); Tear Agent Chloropicrin (PS); White Phosphorous (WP); Nerve Agent VX.
United States. Department of Defense
1998-07-23
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Chemical Weapons Improved Reponse Program: 2000 Summary Report
The purpose of this summary report is to inform members of the first responder and emergency management communities about the on-going activities, initiatives, and lessons learned from the Chemical Weapons Improved Response Program (CWIRP). It is the intent of this program to relay information to these communities that will result in improved procedures, organizations, individual personnel knowledge base, and awareness of equipment capabilities surrounding a terrorist use of chemical agents. The information and experience shared among members of the national response community will hopefully be used as a tool to better prepare our nation as a whole against the inevitability of the use of chemical agents of mass destruction on U.S. soil.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2000
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Chemical Protective Clothing for Law Enforcement Patrol Officers and Emergency Medical Services when Responding to Terrorism with Chemical Weapons
This report contains information related to the testing of commercially available chemical protective suits. The information contained in this report is intended for use by law enforcement patrol officers in the event of a terrorist attack that involves the use of Chemical Warfare Agents (CWA). Additionally, this information may also be applicable for Emergency
Medical Services (EMS) personnel and other first responders at this type of incident. For easy dissemination, this report is available at the following web-site: http://www.nbc-prepare.org. This report covers Man In Simulant Testing (MIST) of the following commercially available, Level C chemical protective suits: the Tyvec Protective Wear suit (garage-type, for mechanics), the Kappler CPF4 suit (model # 4T434), the TyChem 9400 (style 94160) suit, the TyChem SL (style 72150) suit, and the Tyvec ProTech F suit. These suits are being considered by law enforcement agencies for use at scenes where chemical warfare agents have been used by terrorists. This testing examined how well the complete protective suit ensembles protect the wearer against vapor adsorption at the skin by exposing test participants wearing the suits to a chemical agent simulant (methyl salicylate) and measuring the Physiological Protective Dosage Factor (PPDF) the wearers received while performing a set of typical law enforcement activities. The results showed that the suits provided the wearers an average Overall Physiological Protective Dosage Factor (PPDF) of: standard police uniform - 2.0; Tyvec - 4.0; CPF4 - 17.6; TyChem 9400 - 16.5; TyChem SL - 23.7, and the Tyvec ProTech F - 41.8.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
1999-11
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Guidelines for Responding to a Chemical Weapons Incident
This "Guidelines for Responding to a Chemical Weapons Incident" document has been developed by the Domestic Preparedness Program (DPP). Through the U.S. Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command (SBCCOM), Chemical Weapons Improved Response Program (CWIRP), members of the Law Enforcement, Health and Safety, and the Emergency Response Functional Groups designed these guidelines with the intent to give assistance to all response personnel in dealing with critical incident management decisions consistent with an actual chemical weapons (CW) emergency response. These guidelines are neither mandated nor required procedures for response to the scene of a chemical terrorism incident. Rather, they are presented to provide technical and operational guidance for those agencies wishing to improve their response and related operations should a CW incident occur in their community. The focus of these guidelines was to validate the procedures and recommendations developed through the series of emergency response technical reports that have already been published by the CWIRP. That validation process was conducted via a forum consisting of representatives from the fire, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), police, and health and safety communities.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
2001
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Two Test Methods for Personal Protective Clothing Systems in Chemical Environments
Infiltration tests tell us if personal protective clothing (PPC) systems leak. They also show how much leakage occurs when the individual moves around and conducts normal activity. Infiltration tests best apply to fully encapsulating, Level-A, protective systems, because these tests measure overall system leakage and show how long it takes the leakage to infiltrate the system. For fully protective, Level-A systems, the aerosol infiltration test should give a high protection factor, indicating very little leakage. When leakage is small enough, hazards are precluded. MIS tests tell us if leakage creates a toxic hazard to the wearer. MIS tests are best suited for systems that are not fully encapsulating. These protective systems do not provide protection factors as high as Level-A systems. We use MIS tests with these systems to evaluate the toxic hazard associated with using the system in a contaminated environment. For protective systems receiving MIS testing, protection factors are not as large as those for Level A systems, however protection factors should be large enough to reduce toxic hazards to an acceptable level for the given emergency situation.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Fedele, Paul D.
2001
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Technical Guide: Short-Term Chemical Exposure Guidelines for Deployed Military Personnel
This Technical Guide (TG) is a tool to assist deployed military personnel when assessing the potential health risks associated with chemical exposures. Specifically, this TG is designed to assist the military health services personnel in their efforts to determine the severity of these potential health risks within a framework that is consistent with other military risk management
decisions. Military health services personnel should, therefore, evaluate the information in this TG within the context of their own experiences in determining why, when, and how the information applies to a situation. This TG is designed to correspond with the Department of the Army's Field Manual (FM) 100- 14, Risk Management. Other services have similar military operational risk management guidance. FM 100-14 and the other military risk management guidance apply across a wide range of military operations. This guidance explains the principles, procedures, and responsibilities to successfully integrate the risk management process to conserve combat power and resources to allow individuals to make informed, conscious decisions to accept risks at reasonable levels. TG
230A allows such decisions to be made regarding health risks associated with chemical exposures.
United States. Department of Defense
1999-05
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U.S.Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD): Protect, Project, Sustain
The mission of the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD) is to preserve combat effectiveness by timely provision of medical countermeasures in response to Joint Service Chemical Warfare Defense Requirements. This mission encompasses fundamental and applied research on the pharmacology, physiology, toxicology, pathology, and biochemistry of chemical warfare (CW) agents and their medical countermeasures. The Institute also
researches, as part of its mission, pharmacological countermeasures for biological warfare (BW) agents. Through its research efforts, the Institute builds a science and technology base from which it transitions new pharmaceutical, materiel, and information products for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, resuscitation, and medical management of casualties in a CW environment. The USAMRICD also provides scientific support for the advanced development and subsequent acquisition of the products of its research, and works with Army combat developers to formulate doctrine on their use. In addition to research, the Institute conducts a clinical training mission. The USAMRICD instructs Department of Defense (DOD) health care providers in the medical management of chemical casualties to save lives, minimize injury, maximize return to duty, and conserve fighting strength.
United States. Department of Defense
2001
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Chemical-Warfare Agents: An Overview
This presentation gives an overview of various chemical warfare agents and their relevance. Agent characteristics and effects as well as patient presentation and management are among the topics covered. According to chemical agent definition (FM 8-285)a chemical agent is: "A chemical substance...intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate humans (or animals) through its toxicological effect." A compare and contrast is given for chemical agents (chemical warfare agents), biological agents (biological warfare agents) toxins, and "toxicants". Riot control agents are among the excluded agents, as are herbicides and smokes. Among the official chemical agents are toxic agents such as lung damaging agents (choking agents), blood agents (cyanogens), blister agents (vesicants), and nerve agents (anticholinesterases). An overview of the effects of these agents, with diagrams is included.
United States. Department of Defense
2001
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Chemical and Biological Defense Information Analysis Center: 'Bringing the CB Defense Community Together' A Department of Defense Sponsored Information Analysis Center
THE CBIAC is a Department of Defense (DoD)- sponsored Information Analysis Center (IAC) operated under contract to the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) and administered by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC), under the DoD IAC Program Office (Contract No. SPO700-00-D-3180). The technical scope of the CBIAC has expanded to include the following aspects of Chemical Warfare (CW) and Chemical and Biological Defense (CBD): Analysis of Manufacturing Processes for NBC Defense Systems; Chemical and Physical Properties of CW/CBD Materials; Chemical Identification
Combat Effectiveness; Counter Proliferation; Counter Terrorism; Decontamination; Defense Conversion and Dual-User Technology Transfer; Demilitarization; Domestic Preparedness; Environmental Fate and Effects; Force Protection; Individual and Collective Protection; International Technology, Proliferation and Arms Control; Medical Effects and Treatment; Modeling and Simulation; NBC Survivability; Smoke and Obscurants; Toxic Industrial Chemicals and Toxic Industrial Materials; Toxicology; Treaty Verification and Compliance; Warning and Identification. The CBIAC homepage can be found at the following site: www.cbiac.apgea.army.mil/ for further information.
United States. Department of Defense
2001
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Army Field Manual: Field Behavior of NBC Agents (Including Smoke and Incendiaries)
Primary users of this manual are NBC staff officers, staff weather officers, fire support coordination personnel, artillery officers, and others involved in planning NBC operations. These soldiers must understand what effect weather and terrain have on nuclear, biological,
and chemical (NBC) operations and smoke. This manual contains general information and the basic principles on how to get the best results. Commanders and staffs involved in
planning for use of incendiaries or smoke operations will also benefit from the use of this manual along with other references such as FM 3-50, FM 3-100, FM 3-3, FM 3-4, and FM 3-5. On the battlefield, the influences of weather and terrain on NBC operations provide opportunities to both sides. To retain the initiative, friendly forces leaders and staff officers must understand how weather and terrain can be used to their advantage. FM 3-6 implements International Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 2103, Reporting
Nuclear Detonations, Radioactive Fallout, and Biological and Chemical Attacks and Predicting Associated Hazards. This manual explains how weather and terrain influence nuclear, biological, and chemical
operations and discusses the following topics for use when planning operations: Basic principles of meteorology as they pertain to NBC operations; Influence of weather on the use and behavior of NBC agents; Local weather predictions and their use; Influence of terrain on the behavior of NBC agents; US Air Force Air Weather Service (AWS) forecasts and their use in planning for operations in an NBC environment. (The Navy gets meteorological forecasts from components of the Naval Oceanography Command. Meteorological report information is in the NAVOCEANCOMINST 3140.1 publications series. It also
contains information on the behavior of smoke clouds and incendiaries. In addition, it discusses the influences of weather and terrain on the thermal, blast, and radiation effects of a nuclear detonation.)
United States. Department of Defense
1986-11-03
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Strategic Investment Plan for Intelligence Community Analysis
This document lays out a ten-year Strategic Investment Plan for Intelligence Community Analysis (SIP). It outlines the goals and future requirements for the 11 agencies of the National intelligence Production Board
(NIPB) and the implementing actions--budgetary, procedural, and policy--that are needed to build and maintain the Intelligence Community's core analytic
capabilities. It specifies deliverables beginning in FY 2001.
United States. Central Intelligence Agency
2000-01
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Army Field Manual: NBC Reconnaissance
This publication is the doctrinal guide for NBC reconnaissance. It provides guidance on the planning and execution of NBC reconnaissance missions and chemical/biological (CB)
sampling operations. This manual applies to any unit that has the primary or implied mission of performing NBC reconnaissance. NBC recon provides early warning, determines the concentration and type of agent, and locates the boundaries of contamination. The information derived from the intelligence
preparation of the battlefield (IPB) and the conduct of effective NBC recon operations are key factors for battlefield management. The avoidance of NBC contamination facilitates
freedom of movement and maneuver for our forces. Contamination avoidance procedures are discussed in greater detail in FM 3-3 and FM 3-3-1. NBC recon performs five critical tasks on the battlefield-- detect, identify, mark, report, and sample. This manual also provides the principles and techniques used by NBC recon units. It defines the capabilities and limitations of these organizations.
United States. Department of Defense
1993-11-19
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Multiservice Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Defense of Theater Fixed Sites, Ports, and Airfields
This document is designed for
commanders and personnel responsible
for nuclear, biological, and chemical
(NBC) defense planning at theater
bases/base clusters. These personnel may be responsible for deliberate and/or crisis planning and may be required to execute plans across the conflict spectrum. This publication provides a multiservice reference for planning, resourcing, and executing the NBC defense of fixed sites, ports, and airfields. Specific tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) are included in its appendixes. During operations, this publication is subordinate to current joint publications addressing this topic. While this document is focused
on operations primarily outside the
continental United States (OCONUS), it
can be used to address acts of chemical, biological, and radiological terrorism against United States (US) force generation sites. This multiservice publication has been
prepared as a revision to Field Manual
(FM) 3-4-1, Fixed Site Protection.
Formerly a single-service manual, this
revision has been coordinated and
approved by its signatories to address
multiservice NBC defense operations and responsibilities at military fixed sites.
United States. Department of Defense
2000-09
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Final Report of the Biological Warfare Improved Response Program (BW-IRP): CDC/DoD Smallpox Workshop to U.S. Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command (SBCCOM)
The Biological Warfare Improved Response Program (BW IRP) participants determined that there is a gap in the handling of communicable diseases. A response to a bioterrorist incident involving a communicable disease agent is substantially complicated by the possible diverse sources of infection. In an effort to close this gap, SBCCOM teamed with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to sponsor a workshop in April 2000. The goal of the workshop was "To refine the CDC Smallpox Control Plan/Strategy by applying it against a manufactured outbreak scenario. Specific areas to be evaluated were vaccination, quarantine/isolation, and medical surveillance. These focus areas will provide information that is valuable to CDC to improve their plan and help to better define unique elements of a response to an event involving use of a communicable disease agent." The report is divided into three primary sections. The first section discusses the process used to arrive at the conclusions in this report. The second section briefly discusses the focus areas described in the purpose, and the third section provides the proposed segments of the decision tree, based on the breakout groups' discussions, and recommendations on the response template as they relate to a communicable disease.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
Kussman, Richard L.; Adler, Suman; Ayala, Eddie
2000-04
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USAMRICD Report on Pyridostigmine Bromide
This special publication provides technical information on pyridostigmine bromide (PB) to health care professionals of the Army, Navy, Air Force and allied nations on the topic of chemical casualty care, in accordance with the postgraduate medical education mission of the Institute. The information is doctrinally consistent and assumes a working knowledge of the tri-service field manual "Treatment of Chemical Agent Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries," Army FM 8-285, Navy NAVMED P-5041, Air Force AFM 16011, dated February 1990. The currently fielded pretreatment for nerve-agent exposure is PB. Military physicians and other health-care providers need to be familiar with this medication, with the rationale for its use, and with its effects on the body. They also need to be able to respond intelligently to questions from users of PB, patients, and field commanders. This publication is intended to address the major issues that military health-care providers need to understand concerning nerve-agent pretreatment with PB. It is organized around a series of questions about PB in general and its pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and elimination), pharmacodynamics (mechanism of action), field use, and reported and expected effects.
United States. Department of Defense
1999
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Mass Casualty Care Strategy for Biological Terrorism Incidents [May 1, 2001]
In recent years, growing concern over the likelihood of a terrorist attack involving the use of unconventional weapons, such as biological warfare agents, has increased. The threat is indeed serious, and the potential
for devastating numbers of casualties is high. Our health and medical community must be prepared to respond to such an event. To facilitate response planning, the Biological Weapons Improved Response Program (BW IRP) developed a mass casualty
care concept called the Neighborhood
Emergency Help Center (NEHC). This concept describes the first operational component of a comprehensive health and medical response strategy being developed
by the BW IRP. The purpose of this pamphlet is to provide basic information, highlighting key characteristics of the NEHC concept. This pamphlet is not extensive in
detail; rather it is a summary of the information contained in the BW IRP technical report entitled NEHC Concept of Operations. It should be noted that the Modular Emergency Medical System (MEMS), including
all its components such as the NEHC,
was developed with input from numerous
and various sources. This pamphlet presents a system that should not be construed as the only method to address such an event. This pamphlet presents a detailed concept that
may be used as a starting point or tailored as needed for specific application.
United States. Department of Defense
2001-05-01
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History of Biological Warfare
This document provides a brief history of biological warfare from 1346 to 1992. The use of bacteriological agents in an armed conflict can be dated back to 1346, at Kaffa (now Feodossia) where the bodies of Tartar soldiers who succumbed to the plague were thrown over the walls of the besieged city. It is hypothesized by some medical historians that the action resulted in the infamous pandemic that spread over the entire continent of Europe from Genoa, via the Mediterranean ports. 1710 During the war between Russia and Sweden, Russian troops are said to have used the cadavers of plague victims to provoke an epidemic with the enemy. 1767 The French and Indian War was fought in North America between France and England during the period of 1754- 1767. Both sides relied heavily on the support of Indian allies. The English attacked Ft. Carillon twice and were repulsed with heavy losses. An English general, Sir Jeffery Amherst, surreptitiously provided the Indians loyal to the French with blankets infected with smallpox virus. The resulting epidemic decimated the Indians. Shortly thereafter, General Amherst successfully attacked Ft. Carlillon and renamed it Ft. Ticonderoga. By deduction, the small pox epidemic played a significant role in the victory. The timeline continues with World War I through 1991.
United States. Department of Defense
2001
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Biological Agent Information Papers: United States Army Institute of Infectious Diseases
This is a collection of informative papers on a range of different biological agents. The papers read almost like a Material Safety Data Sheet for each agent. The following is an index of the different agents described in this document: Anthrax, Botulism, Brucellosis, Cholera, Plague, Q Fever, Ricin Intoxication, Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Disease, Tricothecene Mycotoxicosis, Tularemia, Variola (Smallpox),and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis. Each document contains a description of the agent, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prophylaxis, decontamination and isolation procedures, and outbreak control.
United States. Department of Defense
2001
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Biological Warfare Improved Response Program: Executive Summary: 1998 Summary Report on BW Response Template and Response Improvements
The work reported here was started in April 1998 and completed in December 1998. The work was performed as a part of the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Domestic Preparedness Program. This report presents results of an analysis of domestic response to an act of biological terrorism. Findings contained in the report will be reduced to practice and tested before they are offered to U.S. cities for their possible adaptation and implementation. This report suggests future work to validate findings, fill gaps and assess other aspects of biological domestic preparedness. The BW IRP team identified the need for and proceeded to formulate a generic BW Response Template that embodies the concepts and the specific activities that a city could perform to respond effectively to a BW incident. The template, described in detail in the report, is a listing of activities that would need to be performed to respond to major BW terrorist incident. These are organized into groups that we refer to as components of the response template. Together the components represent an integrated response system. The Team developed timelines for each response activity in order to
see how the activities could work together to deal with the dynamics of the onset of casualties for different attack scenarios. The Team then analyzed the personnel and material resources needed to perform each response activity. Lastly, the Team estimated the sources and timing of personnel resources from local, State, and Federal assets in order to determine the overall practicality of the response template and identify shortfalls. Throughout, the Team took a "bottom up" approach and let the problem drive the solution.
U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command
1999-03-10
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Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz Briefing on the Defense Planning Guidance
Special briefing on the Defense Planning Guidance by Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz.
United States. Department of Defense
2001-08-16
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Domestic Military Installation Force Protection: Setting the Conditions for Success
Four major issues have deeply affected the DoD's leadership thinking regarding force protection activities within the United States - a lack of funding; consensus view of a low-threat environment; the Posse Comitatus Act of 1878; and, the control and oversight of all U.S. intelligence activities involving U.S. persons. This paper considers how to best resource force protection activities at domestic military installations.
Army War College (U.S.)
Fountain, Walter N.
2002-04-09
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Should the United States Adopt a More Aggressive Strategy to Combat International Terrorism?
This paper examines whether or not the United States should adopt a more aggressive strategy to combat international terrorism. Although the United States has been virtually immune from international terrorist attacks on the homeland, the recent attacks on the USS Cole and the 1998 American Embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania have served as stark reminders that terrorism is a very real threat to US citizens at home and abroad. This paper highlights the level of public concern over the terrorist threat and examines what the past terrorist attack trends against US interests have been. The paper then discusses possible reasons terrorists attack US interests. Given the terrorist attack trends and possible reasons terrorists attack US interests, the paper offers a critique of the current US policy for combating terrorism. The paper concludes that the United States is not using all the means available to it to combat terrorism and should adopt more proactive policy options.
Army War College (U.S.)
Haverty, R. Bruce
2000-04-10
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United States Homeland Security and National Biometric Identification
The threat of terrorism is real. The acts of Sept 11th demonstrated that our enemy is resourceful and able to operate with ease within our homeland and among our population. The consequences of continuing to provide terrorists with the ability to operate within the United States with impunity is to welcome additional and likely more devastating attacks. The United States is currently operating in a reactive mode and must become proactive if we are to prevent further unnecessary loss of innocent lives. Our willingness to prepare for further terrorist operations by implementing appropriate biometric identification/verification systems within the United States will determine the impact and success of future terrorist acts.
Army War College (U.S.)
Janker, Peter S.
2002-04-09
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Modeling a Strategy for the War on Terrorism
By declaring a war against terrorists and governments who support terrorists in his address to the joint session of Congress on 21 September 2001, President Bush erased the distinction between terrorists, terrorist organizations, and state sponsored terrorism. The President also issued a warning order to the American people that the primary focus of his administration would be combating terrorism. This paper discusses a strategy for conducting the war on terrorism in terms of a system and how that strategy must be adjusted over the long-term to compensate for fluctuating components of the war on terrorism. A system to model terrorism and a system to model the civilized states that oppose terrorism are introduced. By approaching terrorism and the civilized states that will fight the war on terrorism as systems, a strategy for combating terrorism can be created and analyzed.
iii
Army War College (U.S.)
Henderson, Darrall
2002-04-04
