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CDC: Ricin
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Ricin. Sections of the webpage include: "Updates about the current situation"; "Basics About Ricin"; "Info for Professionals"; and "Learn How to Protect Yourself". "Ricin is a poison found naturally in castor beans. If castor beans are chewed and swallowed, the released ricin can cause injury. Ricin can be made from the waste material left over from processing castor beans. [...] It can be in the form of a powder, a mist, or a pellet, or it can be dissolved in water or weak acid. [...] It is a stable substance under normal conditions, but can be inactivated by heat above 80 degrees centigrade (176 degrees Fahrenheit)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Saxitoxin
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Saxitoxin.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Sulfur Mustard
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on sulfur mustard (mustard gas). "[...] Sulfur mustard is a type of chemical warfare agent. These kinds of agents are called vesicants or blistering agents, because they cause blistering of the skin and mucous membranes on contact. [...] Sulfur mustard is also known as "mustard gas or mustard agent," or by the military designations H, HD, and HT. [...] Sulfur mustard sometimes smells like garlic, onions, or mustard and sometimes has no odor. It can be a vapor (the gaseous form of a liquid), an oily-textured liquid, or a solid. [...] Sulfur mustard can be clear to yellow or brown when it is in liquid or solid form."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Cyanide
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Cyanide. "[...] Cyanide is a rapidly acting, potentially deadly chemical that can exist in various forms. [...] Cyanide can be a colorless gas, such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) or cyanogen chloride (CNCl), or a crystal form such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) or potassium cyanide (KCN). [...] Cyanide sometimes is described as having a "bitter almond" smell, but it does not always give off an odor, and not everyone can detect this odor. [...] Cyanide is also known by the military designations AC (for hydrogen cyanide) and CK (for cyanogen chloride)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Bromobenzylcyanide
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Bromobenzylcyanide (riot control agents). Sections of the webpage include: "Info for the General Public" and "Info for Professionals". "[...] Riot control agents (sometimes referred to as "tear gas") are chemical compounds that temporarily make people unable to function by causing irritation to the eyes, mouth, throat, lungs, and skin. [...] Several different compounds are considered to be riot control agents. The most common compounds are known as chloroacetophenone (CN) and chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (CS). Other examples include chloropicrin (PS), which is also used as a fumigant (that is, a substance that uses fumes to disinfect an area); bromobenzylcyanide (CA); dibenzoxazepine (CR); and combinations of various agents."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Hydrofluoric Acid
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on hydrofluoric acid. "[...] Hydrogen fluoride is a chemical compound that contains fluorine. It can exist as a colorless gas or as a fuming liquid, or it can be dissolved in water. [...] When hydrogen fluoride is dissolved in water, it may be called hydrofluoric acid. [...] Hydrogen fluoride can be released when other fluoride-containing compounds such as ammonium fluoride are combined with water."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Opioids
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Opioids (Fentanyl, Etorphine, or Others).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Choking/Lung/Pulmonary Agents
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on choking/lung/pulmonary agents. "Pulmonary agents are chemicals that cause severe irritation or swelling of the respiratory tract (lining of the nose, throat, and lungs)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Super Warfarin
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on super warfarin.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Phosphorus, Elemental, White or Yellow
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on phosphorus, elemental, white or yellow. "White phosphorus is a colorless, white, or yellow waxy solid with a garlic-like odor. It does not occur naturally, but is manufactured from phosphate rocks. White phosphorus reacts rapidly with oxygen, easily catching fire at temperatures 10 to 15 degrees above room temperature. White phosphorus is used by the military in various types of ammunition, and to produce smoke for concealing troop movements and identifying targets. It is also used by industry to produce phosphoric acid and other chemicals for use in fertilizers, food additives, and cleaning compounds. Small amounts of white phosphorus were used in the past in pesticides and fireworks."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Chlorine
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Chlorine. "Chlorine is an element used in industry and found in some household products. [...] Chlorine is sometimes in the form of a poisonous gas. Chlorine gas can be pressurized and cooled to change it into a liquid so that it can be shipped and stored. When liquid chlorine is released, it quickly turns into a gas that stays close to the ground and spreads rapidly. [...] Chlorine gas can be recognized by its pungent, irritating odor, which is like the odor of bleach. The strong smell may provide an adequate warning to people that they have been exposed. [...] Chlorine gas appears to be yellow-green in color. [...] Chlorine itself is not flammable, but it can react explosively or form explosive compounds with other chemicals such as turpentine and ammonia."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Carbon Monoxide
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Carbon Monoxide. "Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless gas that can cause sudden illness and death if inhaled. When power outages occur during natural disasters and other emergencies, the use of alternative sources of fuel or electricity for heating or cooking can cause CO to build up in a home, garage, or camper and to poison the people and animals inside."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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Evolution of the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center
"The Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC) is a federal emergency response asset whose assistance may be requested by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the Department of Defense (DoD), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), and state and local agencies to respond to a nuclear or radiological incident. It is an interagency organization with representation from the Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE/NNSA), the Department of Defense (DoD), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and other federal agencies. FRMAC, in its present form, was created in 1987 when the radiological support mission was assigned to the DOE's Nevada Operations Office by DOE Headquarters. The FRMAC asset, including its predecessor entities, was created, grew, and evolved to function as a response to radiological incidents. Radiological emergency response exercises showed the need for a coordinated approach to managing federal emergency monitoring and assessment activities. The mission of FRMAC is to coordinate and manage all federal radiological environmental monitoring and assessment activities during a nuclear or radiological incident within the United States in support of state, local, tribal governments, DHS, and the federal coordinating agency."
Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center; United States. Department of Energy
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CDC: Nitrogen Mustard
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Nitrogen Mustard. "Nitrogen mustards were produced in the 1920s and 1930s as potential chemical warfare weapons. They are vesicants (or blister agents) similar to the sulfur mustards. [...] Nitrogen mustards come in different forms that can smell fishy, musty, soapy, or fruity. They can be in the form of an oily-textured liquid, a vapor (the gaseous form of a liquid), or a solid. Nitrogen mustards are liquids at normal room temperature (70ºF). [...] Nitrogen mustards can be clear, pale amber, or yellow-colored when in liquid or solid form. [...] The nitrogen mustards are also known by their military designations of HN-1, HN-2, and HN-3."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Nerve Agents
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on nerve agents. Sections of the webpage include: "Info for Professionals" and "Specific Chemical Agents". "Nerve agents are highly poisonous chemicals that work by preventing the nervous system from working properly. This page provides resources on various nerve agents."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Nicotine
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Nicotine. "Nicotine is a naturally occurring toxic chemical found in tobacco plants. It has a fishy odor when warm. Cigarettes, cigars, other tobacco products, and tobacco smoke contain nicotine. Worker exposure may occur during processing and extraction of tobacco. At one time, nicotine was used in the United States as an insecticide and fumigant; however, it is no longer produced or used in this country for this purpose. Nicotine affects the nervous system and the heart. Exposure to relatively small amounts can rapidly be fatal."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Methyl Bromide
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Methyl Bromide. "Methyl bromide poisoning primarily occurs after inhalational exposure, but concurrent dermal exposure might also occur. Methyl bromide is an ocular, dermal, and mucous membrane irritant. Onset of symptoms might be delayed 1 to 48 hours. Symptoms of inhalational exposure are typically cough and dyspnea, which can develop into pneumonitis and pulmonary edema but might be delayed up to 4-5 days. Severe poisoning can result in seizures, coma, and death (1-5)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Methyl Isocyanate
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Methyl Isocyanate. "Exposure to methyl isocyanate typically occurs through inhalation or dermal absorption. Toxicity might develop over 1 to 4 hours after exposure. Signs and symptoms of methyl isocyanate typically include cough, dyspnea, chest pain, lacrimation, eyelid edema, and unconsciousness. These effects might progress over the next 24 to 72 hours to include acute lung injury, cardiac arrest, and death (1-4)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Osmium Tetroxide
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Osmium Tetroxide.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Phosgene
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Phosgene. "Phosgene is a major industrial chemical used to make plastics and pesticides. [...] At room temperature (70°F), phosgene is a poisonous gas. [...] With cooling and pressure, phosgene gas can be converted into a liquid so that it can be shipped and stored. When liquid phosgene is released, it quickly turns into a gas that stays close to the ground and spreads rapidly. [...] Phosgene gas may appear colorless or as a white to pale yellow cloud. At low concentrations, it has a pleasant odor of newly mown hay or green corn, but its odor may not be noticed by all people exposed. At high concentrations, the odor may be strong and unpleasant. [...] Phosgene itself is nonflammable (not easily ignited and burned). [...] Phosgene is also known by its military designation, 'CG.'"
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Phosgene Oxime
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Phosgene. "Phosgene oxime is a manufactured chemical warfare agent. [...] Phosgene oxime is a type of agent called an urticant or nettle agent. This is because on contact with the skin, it produces intense itching and a rash similar to hives. [...] Phosgene oxime is also referred to as a corrosive agent because of the type of skin and tissue damage it causes.[...] Phosgene oxime was first produced in 1929, but it has never been used on the battlefield. Specific information on this chemical is very limited. [...] Phosgene oxime is colorless in its solid form and yellowish-brown when it is a liquid. [...] Phosgene oxime has a disagreeable, irritating odor. [...] Phosgene oxime is also known by its military designation, 'CX.'"
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Phosphine
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Phosphine. "Phosphine is a colorless, flammable, and explosive gas at ambient temperature that has the odor of garlic or decaying fish. Small amounts occur naturally from the break down of organic matter. It is slightly soluble in water. Phosphine is used in semiconductor and plastics industries, in the production of a flame retardant, and as a pesticide in stored grain."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Blister Agents/Vesicants
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on blister agents/vesicants. Sections of the webpage include: "Specific Chemical Agents" and "Info for Clinicians". "Vesicants, also referred to as 'blister agents,' were the most commonly used chemical warfare agents during World War I. The most likely routes of exposure are inhalation, dermal contact, and ocular contact. Vesicants are highly reactive chemicals that combine with proteins, DNA, and other cellular components to result in cellular changes immediately after exposure. Depending on the vesicant, clinical effects may occur immediately (as with phosgene oxime or lewisite) or may be delayed for 2 to 24 hours (as with mustards). Following exposure, the most commonly encountered clinical effects include dermal (skin erythema and blistering), respiratory (pharyngitis, cough, dyspnea), ocular (conjunctivitis and burns), and gastrointestinal (nausea and vomiting). The amount and route of exposure to the vesicant, the type of vesicant, and the premorbid condition of the person exposed will contribute to the time of onset and the severity of illness. For example, ingestion of a vesicant leads to gastrointestinal symptoms more prominent than those that would result from inhalation exposure to the same dose and type of vesicant."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Arsine
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on Arsine. "Arsine is a colorless, nonirritating toxic gas with a mild garlic odor. The odor can be detected only at levels greater than those necessary to cause poisoning. [...] Arsine is formed when arsenic comes in contact with an acid. [...] Arsine is similar to a gas called stibine, which is formed when the metal antimony comes in contact with an acid. Stibine has health effects similar to those of arsine, but it is not as widely available, and it has a much more noticeable odor (like rotten eggs)."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Caustics
This webpage is maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The webpage provides information and resources on xaustics. Sections of the webpage include: "Info for Professionals" and "Specific Chemical Agents". "Caustics are chemicals that burn or corrode people's skin, eyes, and mucus membranes (lining of the nose, mouth, throat, and lungs) on contact."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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U.S. Border Patrol Fiscal Year 2012 Statistics
This United States Customs and Border Protection document provides data on Boarder Patrol expenditures for the 2012 fiscal year (October 1st through September 30th). The data includes apprehensions, drug-related seizures, and fiscal year apprehensions dating back to 1925.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection
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Akamai: Real-time Web Monitor [website]
"Akamai monitors global Internet conditions around the clock. With this real-time data we identify the global regions with the greatest attack traffic, cities with the slowest Web connections (latency), and geographic areas with the most Web traffic (traffic density)."
Akamai Technologies, Inc.
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Directory of Training and Technical Assistance Resources for Anti-Human Trafficking Task Forces and Service Providers
"The Office for Victims of Crime Training and Technical Assistance Center (OVC TTAC) has compiled this directory to assist Anti-Human Trafficking Task Forces and service providers in locating relevant training and technical assistance (TTA) resources. The directory focuses on TTA resources targeted for practitioners actively working in the anti-human trafficking field. The TTA providers included in the directory have the ability to assist practitioners across the nation; they have been vetted by the Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) and Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) Planning Committee. The information comes directly from TTA providers in response to a widely distributed request for anti-human trafficking TTA resources. The directory begins with an index of TTA resources organized by the primary method of delivering the TTA: distance learning, in-person scheduled training, and training and technical assistance by request. Following the index are expanded descriptions of the resources, with links to the TTA providers' Web sites."
United States. Office of Justice Programs. Training and Technical Assistance Center
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CDC Emergency Preparedness and Response: Crisis & Emergency Risk Communication (CERC)
This Centers for Disease Control and Prevention webpage provides information and resources on preparation, planning and crisis and emergency risk communication (CERC). The webpage includes the following sections: "CERC Webinars and Training"; "CERC Course Materials"; "Stay Connected"; "Best Practices" and "Additional Resources".
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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CDC: Bioterrorism Agents/Diseases
This webpage provides an A-Z list of Specific Bioterrorism Agents. These include: Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis); Botulism (Clostridium botulinum toxin); Plague (Yersinia pestis); Smallpox (variola major); Tularemia (Francisella tularensis); Viral hemorrhagic fevers (filoviruses [e.g., Ebola, Marburg] and arenaviruses [e.g., Lassa, Machupo]); Brucellosis (Brucella species); Epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens; Food safety threats (e.g., Salmonella species, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shigella); Glanders (Burkholderia mallei); Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei); Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci); Q fever (Coxiella burnetii); Ricin toxin from Ricinus communis (castor beans); and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B.; Typhus fever (Rickettsia prowazekii); Viral encephalitis (alphaviruses [e.g., Venezuelan equine encephalitis, eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis]); and Water safety threats (e.g., Vibrio cholerae, Cryptosporidium parvum).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)