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Followup Audit on the U.S. Army's Management of the Heavy Lift Commercial Transportation Contract Requirements in the Middle East
From the Objective: "The objective of this followup audit was to determine whether the Army implemented corrective actions identified in Report No. DODIG�'2017�'095, 'U.S. Army's Management of the Heavy Lift VII Commercial Transportation Contract Requirements in the Middle East,' June 26, 2017, in the Heavy Lift VIII (HL8) contract to improve oversight and performance."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
2021-07-01
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Veterans Affairs: Systems Modernization, Cybersecurity, and it Management Issues Need to Be Addressed, Statement of Carol C. Harris, Director, Information Technology and Cybersecurity, Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Technology Modernization, Committee on Veterans' Affairs, House of Representatives
From the Highlights: "The use of IT [information technology] is crucial to helping VA [Department of Veterans Affairs] effectively serve the nation's veterans. The department annually spends billions of dollars on its information systems and assets. Its fiscal year 2022 budget request is about $4.8 billion for its Office of Information and Technology and $2.7 billion for electronic health record modernization. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to testify on its prior IT work at VA. Specifically, this testimony summarizes results and recommendations from GAO's issued reports that examined VA's efforts in (1) modernizing VistA [Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture] and its financial and acquisition management systems; (2) addressing cybersecurity issues; and (3) implementing FITARA [Federal Information Technology Acquisition Reform Act]."
United States. Government Accountability Office
Harris, Carol C.
2021-07-01
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CBO Report: Report on the Troubled Asset Relief Program--July 2021
From the Document: "In October 2008, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (division A of Public Law 110-343) established the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) to enable the Department of the Treasury to promote stability in financial markets through the purchase and guarantee of 'troubled assets.' Section 202 of that legislation, as amended, requires annual reports from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) on the costs of the program. The law also requires the Congressional Budget Office to submit its own report within 45 days of the issuance of OMB's report each year. CBO's assessment must discuss three elements: [1] The costs of purchases and guarantees of troubled assets, [2] Information CBO collects and the valuation methods it uses to calculate those costs, and [3] The program's effects on the federal budget deficit and debt. To fulfill that requirement, CBO has prepared this report on TARP transactions completed, outstanding, or anticipated as of April 30, 2021."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
Lerner, Avi
2021-07
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COVID-19 Vaccine Incentives
From the Document: "The purpose of this memo is to provide an update on COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] vaccine incentives developed to increase vaccination rates across the country. This memo includes information on state led incentives. Please note that vaccination incentives are a relatively novel topic in public policy, and it is not known to what extent incentives can drive increases in vaccinations, but there are some early indications that the right incentive can help."
National Governors' Association
Roy, Brittney; LeBlanc, Michelle
2021-07-01
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Forensic Technology: Algorithms Strengthen Forensic Analysis, but Several Factors Can Affect Outcomes
From the Highlights: "For more than a century, law enforcement agencies have examined physical evidence to help identify persons of interest, solve cold cases, and find missing or exploited people. Forensic experts are now also using algorithms to help assess evidence collected in a criminal investigation, potentially improving the speed and objectivity of their investigations. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to conduct a technology assessment on the use of forensic algorithms in law enforcement. In a prior report (GAO-20-479SP [hyperlink]), GAO described algorithms used by federal law enforcement agencies and how they work. This report discusses (1) the key performance metrics for assessing latent print, facial recognition, and probabilistic genotyping algorithms; (2) the strengths of these algorithms compared to related forensic methods; (3) challenges affecting their use; and (4) policy options that may help address these challenges."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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USG Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) Congressional Report
From the Executive Summary: "The United States is a steadfast supporter of the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda. Long before the passage of UN Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1325 in 2000 and the enactment and implementation of the first comprehensive law on WPS in 2017, the United States government (USG) has been implementing the WPS agenda through diplomacy, development, defense, and international cooperation, through its specific missions and its relevant Departments and Agencies. The WPS Act of 2017 (P.L. 115-68) (WPS Act) required the President to submit to Congress the U.S. Strategy on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS Strategy), which launched in 2019. The Strategy called for the Departments of Defense (DoD), Homeland Security (DHS), and State, as well as the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), to submit agency-specific Implementation Plans to measure and report on progress. The following public report to Congress evaluates the USG's progress in advancing the WPS Strategy's four Lines of Effort (LOEs): 1) Participation; 2) Protection; 3) Internal Capabilities; and 4) Partnerships. As each of the four departments and agencies have unique and tailored missions, the data and timeframes presented in their reports differ."
United States. White House Office
2021-07-01?
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Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Did Not Account for National Security Risks in Its Enterprise Risk Management Processes
From the Document: "We conducted this audit in response to a congressional request to determine whether the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS's) enterprise risk management (ERM) process includes steps to identify and assess national security risks. The congressional request was prompted by a previous OIG [Office of Inspector General] audit that determined that national security risks were not adequately considered by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Specifically, we found that NIH did not consider the risk presented by foreign principal investigators when permitting access to United States genomic data. The Congressmen stated that they are concerned that CMS also has not considered national security risks to its programs."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of Inspector General
2021-07
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Review of the Bureau of Global Talent Management, Office of the Executive Director, Office of Technology Services' Information System Processes
From the Context: "The Bureau of Global Talent Management (GTM), Office of the Executive Director, Office of Technology Services (OTS) develops, customizes, and maintains information systems that support human resource (HR) management and business processes for the Department of State (Department) and Federal agencies under chief of mission authority at U.S. missions overseas. OTS has 14 contracts with more than 200 contractor positions, which constitutes a majority of its staff. OTS manages some of the largest HR systems in the Department, affecting all employees worldwide. The magnitude, sensitivity, and complexity of the information processed in information systems managed by OTS require strict adherence to standards, such as those of the Department, the Office of Personnel Management, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and other Federal agencies that promulgate regulations applicable to the operation and protection of HR systems."
United States. Department of State. Office of the Inspector General
2021-07
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COVID-19: The Coast Guard Has Addressed Challenges, but Could Improve Telework Documentation and Personnel Data, Report to Congressional Addressees
From the Highlights: "The Coast Guard is a multi-mission maritime military service responsible for maritime safety, security, and environmental protection, among other things. During the pandemic, the Coast Guard has faced challenges in balancing the need to safeguard its personnel with its responsibility to continue missions and operations. In response to a CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act mandate and congressional requests, GAO [Government Accountability Office] reviewed the Coast Guard's efforts to respond to the pandemic. This report examines (1) the Coast Guard's actions to reduce the risk of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] exposure for its personnel; (2) challenges the Coast Guard faced in operating in a pandemic environment and how it addressed them; and (3) the extent to which the Coast Guard has collected and maintained valid and current telework documentation, as well as accurate and complete COVID19 data on its personnel."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Guide to Continuity of Government for State, Local, Tribal and Territorial Governments
From the Introduction and Purpose: "This 'Guide to Continuity of Government for State, Local, Tribal and Territorial Governments', a companion document to the Continuity Guidance Circular [hyperlink], describes the relationship between COOP [continuity of operations], COG [continuity of government] and ECG [enduring constitutional government], and provides guidance in the form of planning factors to assist state, local, tribal and territorial governments in achieving continuity of government through a viable continuity capability in order to ensure the resilience and preservation of government in the event of an emergency."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2021-07
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Clean Water Act: EPA Needs to Better Assess and Disclose Quality of Compliance and Enforcement Data, Report to Congressional Requesters
From the Highlights: "EPA [Environmental Protection Agency] partners with states to oversee compliance with and enforcement of the Clean Water Act. In fiscal year 2020, there were roughly 335,000 facilities with active NPDES [National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System] permits, which are used to regulate wastewater discharges under the act. In 2015, EPA began requiring states and facilities to electronically report data on their NPDES activities. EPA estimated that in 2018, nearly 11,000 facilities significantly exceeded their permit limits and illegally discharged pollutants into nearby waters, which may pose serious threats to human health and the environment. GAO [Government Accountability Office] was asked to review EPA's enforcement of the Clean Water Act. This report examines (1) changes since 2015 in EPA's national initiatives for ensuring compliance with the act, (2) changes in NPDES compliance and enforcement activities since 2015, and (3) the extent to which EPA is measuring progress toward compliance with the NPDES program."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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COVID-19 Housing Protections: Mortgage Forbearance and Other Federal Efforts Have Reduced Default and Foreclosure Risks, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "Millions of mortgage borrowers continue to experience financial challenges and potential housing instability during the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. To address these concerns, Congress, federal agencies, and the enterprises provided borrowers with options to temporarily suspend their mortgage payments and placed a moratorium on foreclosures. Both provisions begin to expire in the coming months. The CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act includes a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to monitor federal efforts related to COVID-19. This report examines (1) the extent to which mortgage forbearance may have contributed to housing stability during the pandemic, (2) federal efforts to promote awareness of forbearance among delinquent borrowers, and (3) federal efforts to limit mortgage default and foreclosure risks after federal mortgage forbearance and foreclosure protections expire."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Conflict Minerals 2020 Company SEC Filings on Mineral Sources Were Similar to Those from Prior Years, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "The United States has sought to improve security in the DRC for over 2 decades. However, according to the Department of State and the United Nations, conflict has persisted and contributed to severe human rights abuses and the displacement of people. Armed groups continue to profit from the mining and trade of 'conflict minerals,' according to State. Provisions in the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act required, among other things, the SEC [Securities and Exchange Commission] to promulgate disclosure and reporting regulations regarding the use of conflict minerals from the DRC [Democratic Republic of the Congo] and adjoining countries. In 2012, the SEC adopted a conflict minerals disclosure rule requiring companies to file specialized disclosure reports beginning in 2014 and annually thereafter. The act also included a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to assess, among other things, the SEC regulations' effectiveness in promoting peace and security in the DRC and adjoining countries. This report examines how companies responded to the SEC conflict minerals disclosure rule when filing in 2020."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Report on Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2020
From the Foreword: "'Report on Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2020' provides the most recent national indicators on school crime and safety. The information presented in this report serves as a reference for policymakers and practitioners so that they can develop effective programs and policies aimed at violence and school crime prevention. Accurate information about the nature, extent, and scope of the problem being addressed is essential for developing effective programs and policies. This is the 23rd edition of Indicators of School Crime and Safety, a joint effort of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) and the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). This report provides summary statistics to inform the nation about current aspects of crime and safety in schools. 'Report on Indicators of School Crime and Safety' includes the most recent available data, compiled from a number of statistical data sources supported by the federal government."
National Center for Education Statistics; United States. Department of Education; United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics
Irwin, Véronique; Wang, Ke; Cui, Jiashan . . .
2021-07
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State and Local Governments: Fiscal Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Selected States, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "The COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic and related policies had a rapid and severe effect on the U.S. economy, including state and local governments. To limit social contact and slow the spread of the pandemic, nearly all states implemented policies that limited certain economic activities. Relief laws, including the CARES [Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security] Act, provided appropriations to state and local governments to address the public health and economic threats posed by the pandemic. The CARES Act includes a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to report on COVID-19 pandemic oversight efforts. This report examines (1) changes in revenues and expenditures for the state and local government sector since the onset of the pandemic, (2) changes in revenues and expenditures for selected states, (3) actions selected states took to address changes in revenues and expenditures, and (4) factors that affected the selected states' capacity to implement federal programs."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Tactical Wheeled Vehicles: Army Should Routinely Update Strategy and Improve Communication with Industry, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "Due to an increase in near-peer competition from Russia and China, the Army recently changed its operational focus. With this change in focus, the Army is currently studying ways to modernize its TWV [tactical wheeled vehicles] fleet. This modernization relies, in part, on a viable industrial base with multiple companies that can compete to deliver the capabilities needed by the warfighter at an affordable price. The House and Senate Armed Services Committee reports accompanying the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 included provisions for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to assess the Army's new TWV strategy and implementation efforts. This report assesses, among other things, the Army's progress in identifying specific capabilities and requirements for its 2022 TWV Strategy and the extent to which opportunities exist for expanding the TWV industrial base."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Microenterprise and Related Development Assistance: Challenges in Evaluating Lasting Benefits for Women and the Poor, Report to Congressional Committees
From the Highlights: "From 2015 through 2018, USAID [U.S. Agency for International Development] reported that it planned to spend about $1.14 billion on microfinance assistance around the world. This assistance is intended to promote development of MSMEs [micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises], which some development experts have identified as needed to help the advancement of the poor. In January 2019, Congress passed and the President signed the Women's Entrepreneurship and Economic Empowerment Act of 2018 (WEEE Act) to provide more assistance to small and medium-sized enterprises and to continue assistance for microenterprises. The act includes a provision for GAO [Government Accountability Office] to provide information on microenterprise and related assistance, especially to women and the very poor. GAO reported on aspects of USAID's implementation of this assistance in GAO-21-269. This report examines (1) what USAID evaluations of its assistance projects for MSMEs have shown about their effects on women and the very poor; and (2) what is known from research studies and experts outside USAID about the effects of this assistance."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2021-07
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Federal Holidays: Evolution and Current Practices [Updated July 1, 2021]
From the Summary: "The United States has established by law the following 12 permanent federal holidays, listed in the order they appear in the calendar: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King Jr.'s Birthday, Inauguration Day (every four years following a presidential election), George Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. Although frequently called public or national holidays, these celebrations are only legally applicable to federal employees and the District of Columbia, as the states individually decide their own legal holidays."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Straus, Jacob R.
2021-07-01
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Asylum Eligibility for Applicants Fleeing Gang and Domestic Violence: Recent Developments [July 1, 2021]
"Non-U.S. nationals (aliens, as the term is used in the Immigration and Nationality Act [hyperlink]) from Central America have increasingly pursued asylum and related protections in the United States because of gang and domestic violence [hyperlink] in their home countries. To qualify for protection, applicants typically must establish that the gang or domestic violence amounts to persecution because of one of five enumerated grounds, including membership in a 'particular social group.' In 'Matter of A-B-' [hyperlink] and 'Matter of L-E-A-' [hyperlink], former Attorneys General Jeff Sessions and William Barr issued rulings that made it more difficult for applicants to satisfy this requirement. Those rulings were binding upon immigration authorities [hyperlink] within both the Department of Justice (DOJ) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS). In February 2021, President Biden directed [hyperlink] the Attorney General (AG) and the Secretary of Homeland Security to review the availability of asylum for applicants fleeing gang or domestic violence, and to issue joint regulations that clarify the meaning of a 'particular social group.' In June 2021, AG Merrick Garland vacated the prior rulings [hyperlink] in 'Matter of A-B-' and 'Matter of L-E-A-' pending issuance of these regulations. This Legal Sidebar examines the AG decisions addressing the availability of asylum for applicants fearing nongovernmental persecution based on their membership in a particular social group, President Biden's executive order, and legislative options for Congress."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Smith, Hillel R.
2021-07-01
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China's Engagement with Latin America and the Caribbean [Updated July 1, 2021]
From the Document: "As the People's Republic of China (PRC) has increased its engagement with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) over the past 20years, U.S. policymakers have raised questions regarding potential implications for U.S. interests in the region. China's engagement with the region has grown significantly since 2001, particularly in terms of diplomatic and economic ties. This growth reflects China's global 'soft power' efforts and 'influence operations' worldwide. A succession of Chinese leaders and other officials have visited the region to court governments. In turn, regional leaders and officials have frequently visited China. The PRC has signed a variety of bilateral partnership agreements with countries throughout the region, including 'comprehensive strategic partnerships' with Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sullivan, Mark P.; Lum, Thomas G. (Thomas Gong), 1961-
2021-07-01
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European Deterrence Initiative: A Budgetary Overview [Updated July 1, 2021]
From the Background: "The European Deterrence Initiative (EDI) is a Department of Defense (DOD) effort to 'enhance the U.S. deterrence posture, increase the readiness and responsiveness of U.S. forces in Europe, support the collective defense and security of NATO allies, and bolster the security and capacity of U.S. allies and partners,' according to the DOD 'European Deterrence Initiative Fact Sheet.'"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Belkin, Paul; Kaileh, Hibbah
2021-07-01
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Coast Guard Polar Security Cutter (Polar Icebreaker) Program: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated July 1, 2021]
From the Introduction: "This report provides background information and issues for Congress on the Polar Security Cutter (PSC) program--the Coast Guard's program for acquiring new PSCs (i.e., heavy polar icebreakers). The Coast Guard's proposed FY2022 budget requests $170.0 million in procurement funding for the PSC program. The issue for Congress is whether to approve, reject, or modify the Administration's FY2022 procurement funding request for the PSC program, and, more generally, whether to approve, reject, or modify the Coast Guard's overall plan for procuring new polar icebreakers. Congress's decisions on this issue could affect Coast Guard funding requirements, the Coast Guard's ability to perform its polar missions, and the U.S. shipbuilding industrial base."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2021-07-01
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Building Private-Public Partnerships
From the Introduction: "A private-public partnership (P3) is any type of mutually beneficial cooperative arrangement, informal or formal, between two or more organizations of private industry and the public sector to enhance the life safety, economic security and resilience of jurisdictions. To highlight the value of the private sector, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and other stakeholders, this guide deliberately uses 'private-public partnership.' Without mutual benefit and effort on both sides, the partnership will not succeed. Activities to establish, support and maintain P3s already exist; however, most jurisdictions are not actively or consciously leveraging their full potential. The focus of this document is to build P3s that provide shared benefit across jurisdictions"
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2021-07
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Funding Conditions: Constitutional Limits on Congress's Spending Power [July 1, 2021]
From the Summary: "The Spending Clause of the U.S. Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1) gives Congress broad power to authorize spending for the 'general Welfare.' The Necessary and Proper Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 18) supplements Congress's spending authority, allowing Congress to restrict how federal funds are used. Congress can also place requirements on the recipients of federal funds to regulate their conduct in exchange for federal funding. While funding conditions such as these are common, they are subject to constitutional limitations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Killion, Victoria L.
2021-07-01
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Army Security Force Assistance Brigades (SFABs) [Updated July 1, 2021]
From the Document: "Security Force Assistance (SFA) is defined as 'unified action to generate, employ, and sustain local, host nation or regional security forces in support of a legitimate authority.' By definition 'security forces include not only military forces, but also police, border forces, and other paramilitary organizations, as well as other local and regional forces.' SFA involves organizing, training, equipping, rebuilding, and advising foreign security forces (FSF). Title 10, 'U.S. Code', Chapter 16, governs the Department of Defense's (DOD's) SFA activities. Each year, the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) modifies, eliminates, or creates new SFA authorities and authorizes funding for Geographic Combatant Commands (GCCs) to conduct SFA activities."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2021-07-01
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China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress [Updated July 1, 2021]
From the Introduction: "This report provides background information and issues for Congress on China's naval modernization effort and its implications for U.S. Navy capabilities. In an era of renewed great power competition, China's military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, has become the top focus of U.S. defense planning and budgeting. The issue for Congress for this CRS report is whether the U.S. Navy is responding appropriately to China's naval modernization effort. Decisions that Congress reaches on this issue could affect U.S. and allied security, Navy capabilities and funding requirements, and the defense industrial base."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2021-07-01
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Foreign Assistance and the Education Sector: Programs and Priorities [Updated July 1, 2021]
From the Summary: "Education has long been a key focus sector within U.S. foreign assistance. Policymakers generally agree that education is crucial to bettering livelihoods and improving economic stability in developing countries. Researchers have found that investments in education lead to higher incomes, economic stability, and better health, among other development outcomes. While education access and quality in developing countries has generally improved in the 21st century, challenges remain. Globally, approximately 257 million children and youth do not attend school, and approximately 99 million people aged 15-24 are illiterate. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected learners worldwide, with many analysts projecting significant setbacks in the education sector for years to come."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Morgenstern, Emily M.
2021-07-01
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Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JADC2) [Updated July 1, 2021]
From the Document: "Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JADC2) is the Department of Defense's (DOD's) concept to connect sensors from all of the military services--Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Space Force--into a single network. Traditionally, each of the military services developed its own tactical network that was incompatible with those of other services (i.e., Army networks were unable to interface with Navy or Air Force networks). DOD officials have argued that future conflicts may require decisions to be made within hours, minutes, or potentially seconds compared with the current multiday process to analyze the operating environment and issue commands. They have also stated that the Department's existing command and control architecture is insufficient to meet the demands of the National Defense Strategy (NDS). Congress may be interested in the concept because it is being used to develop many high-profile procurement programs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hoehn, John R.
2021-07-01
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Juneteenth National Independence Day: A New Federal Holiday [July 1, 2021]
From the Document: "On June 17, 2021, President Joe Biden signed S. 475 [hyperlink], the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act [hyperlink], into law. S. 475 passed the House of Representatives [hyperlink] on June 16 and the Senate [hyperlink] on June 15. The House companion measure was H.R. 1320. The act amends Section 6103(a) [hyperlink], Title 5 of the 'United States Code' to designate June 19 as Juneteenth National Independence Day. In past Congresses, legislation was introduced [hyperlink] to create a federal holiday and the House [hyperlink] and Senate [hyperlink] also agreed to resolutions honoring Juneteenth."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Straus, Jacob R.
2021-07-01
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SBA Veterans Assistance Programs: An Analysis of Contemporary Issues [Updated July 7, 2021]
From the Document: "This report opens with an examination of veteran-owned businesses' economic circumstances, comparing unemployment and labor force participation rates for veterans, veterans who have left the military since September 2001, and nonveterans. The report also describes employment assistance programs offered by several federal agencies to assist veterans transitioning from the military to the civilian labor force and examines, in greater detail, the SBA's [Small Business Administration] veteran business development programs, the SBA's efforts to enhance veterans' access to capital, and the SBA's service-disabled veteran-owned contracting program."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Dilger, Robert Jay, 1954-; Lowry, Sean
2021-07-01
