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Executive Order 13954: Saving Lives Through Increased Support for Mental- and Behavioral-Health Needs
From Section 1: "My Administration is committed to preventing the tragedy of suicide, ending the opioid crisis, and improving mental and behavioral health. Before the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, these urgent issues were prioritized through significant initiatives, including the President's Roadmap to Empower Veterans and End a National Tragedy of Suicide (PREVENTS), expanded access to medication-assisted treatment and life-saving naloxone, and budget requests for significant investments in the funding of evidence-based treatment for mental- and behavioral-health needs."
United States. Office of the Federal Register
Trump, Donald, 1946-
2020-10-03
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COVIDView: A Weekly Surveillance Summary of U.S. COVID-19 Activity, Week 40, [October 3, 2020]
From the Document: "Nationally, indicators that track COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] activity continued to decline or remain stable (change of ≤0.1%). However, one region reported a slight increase in the percentage of specimens testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] and four regions reported slight increases in the percentage of visits for influenza-like illness (ILI). Mortality attributed to COVID-19 declined but remains above the epidemic threshold."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-10-03
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Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: Quidel Corporation, Sofia 2 Flu + SARS Antigen FIA
From the Document: "This Fact Sheet informs you of the significant known and potential risks and benefits of the emergency use of the Sofia 2 Flu + SARS [severe acute respiratory syndrome] Antigen FIA [fluorescent immunoassay]. The Sofia 2 Flu + SARS Antigen FIA is authorized for use with certain respiratory specimens collected from individuals suspected of respiratory viral infection consistent with COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] by their healthcare provider within the first five days of the onset of symptoms."
United States. Food and Drug Administration
2020-10-02
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Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: Thermo Fisher Scientific, OmniPATH COVID-19 Total Antibody ELISA Test
From the Document: "This Fact Sheet informs you of the significant known and potential risks and benefits of the emergency use of the OmniPATH COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Total Antibody ELISA [enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay] Test."
United States. Food and Drug Administration
2020-10-02
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Hybrid Hearing with Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex M. Azar II, Hearing Before the Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis of the Committee on Oversight and Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Second Session, October 2, 2020
This is from the October 2, 2020 "Hybrid Hearing with Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex M. Azar II" before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Reform, Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis. From the Webpage: "The hearing will examine the Trump Administration's unprecedented political interference in the work of scientists and public health experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Food and Drug Administration, the Administration's refusal to provide accurate and clear public health information, and the failure of the Administration to develop and implement a comprehensive national plan to contain the coronavirus, more than eight months into this public health emergency." Statements, letters, and materials submitted for the record include those of the following: Alex M. Azar II.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (2007-)
2020-10-02
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Assessment Tool for Laboratories Implementing SARS-CoV-2 Testing: Interim Guidance
From the Overview: "This Laboratory Assessment Tool (LAT) is specifically designed to assess capacities of existing laboratories which have implemented or aim to implement SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory system coronavirus 2] testing. It addresses both core capacities of a laboratory and specificities related to SARS-CoV-2 testing. It is a focused and shorter version from the existing complete laboratory assessment tool that can be found at https://www.who.int/ihr/publications/laboratory_tool/en/ [hyperlink] The target audience is any stakeholder performing laboratory assessments such as national health authorities, multilateral agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and laboratory managers. Assessors can use the tool, and customized if needed, to meet local requirements or assessment context. This tool is an Excel file, which enables automatic calculations of module indicators."
World Health Organization
2020-10-02
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Trump Administration's Pattern of Political Interference in the Nation's Coronavirus Response
From the Document: "The Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis examined the Trump Administration's failed public health response to the coronavirus crisis, which has led to the deaths of more than 207,000 Americans. The analysis demonstrates that over the last eight months, the Administration engaged in a persistent pattern of political interference--repeatedly overruling and sidelining top scientists and undermining Americans' health to advance the President's partisan agenda. The Administration's interference has occurred both in public view and in private, led by President Trump, Vice President Pence, White House officials, and political appointees at the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and other agencies. The apparent goal of this unprecedented, coordinated attack on our nation's public health agencies during the pandemic was, in the President's words, to 'play it down.' 'The Select Subcommittee documented at least 47 separate incidents of political interference in the Administration's coronavirus response spanning from February through September 2020.' These incidents have degraded every major facet of the Administration's public health response, including efforts to provide Americans access to testing and personal protective equipment (PPE), develop treatments and vaccines, and provide scientifically sound advice to the public on masks, social distancing, and other steps to stay safe. As Election Day approaches, documented examples of political interference have increased, with at least 17 instances in August and September alone."
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Reform. Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis
2020-10-02
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MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, October 2, 2020
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This issue of MMWR contains the following: "Infant Homicides Within the Context of Safe Haven Laws -- United States, 2008-2017"; "Influenza and Tdap Vaccination Coverage Among Pregnant Women -- United States, April 2020"; "CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] Deployments to State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Health Departments for COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Emergency Public Health Response -- United States, January 21-July 25, 2020"; "Changing Age Distribution of the COVID-19 Pandemic -- United States, May-August 2020"; "COVID-19 Trends Among School-Aged Children -- United States, March 1-September 19, 2020"; "Multiple COVID-19 Clusters on a University Campus -- North Carolina, August 2020"; "Recent Increase in COVID-19 Cases Reported Among Adults Aged 18-22 Years -- United States, May 31-September 5, 2020"; "'Notes from the Field': Botulism Type B After Intravenous Methamphetamine Use -- New Jersey, 2020"; "Correction and Republication: Deaths and Years of Potential Life Lost From Excessive Alcohol Use -- United States, 2011-2015"; and "'QuickStats:' Age-Adjusted Pedestrian Death Rates, by Race/Ethnicity -- National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2009 and 2018." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2020.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-10-02
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2020 Staff Report: Lessons Learned from Commission-Led CIP Reliability Audits
From the Introduction: "During Fiscal Year (FY) 2020, staff of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Commission) completed non-public Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) audits (CIP Audits) of several 'registered entities' of the bulk electric system (BES). The CIP Audits evaluated registered entities' compliance with the applicable Commission-approved CIP Reliability Standards. Staff from Regional Entities and the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) participated in the audits, including the on-site portion. During the CIP Audits, staff found that most of the cyber security protection processes and procedures adopted by the registered entities met the mandatory requirements of the CIP Reliability Standards. However, there were also potential compliance infractions found. Additionally, staff observed practices that could improve security, but are not required by the CIP Reliability Standards. Therefore, this report includes recommendations regarding cyber security practices that are voluntary. This anonymized summary report informs the regulated community and the public of lessons learned from the FY20 audits. This report provides information and recommendations to NERC, Regional Entities, and registered entities that staff believes are useful in their assessments of risk and compliance, and to overall cyber security. Moreover, this information may be generally beneficial to the utility-based cyber security community to improve the security of the BES."
United States. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
2020-10-02
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Communicable Disease Threats Report: Week 40, 27 September-3 October 2020
The Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) is a weekly bulletin that provides updates on threats monitored by European Union and European Economic Area (ECDC). The Week 40 report covering September 27-October 3, 2020 assesses current threats and non-threats and provides an epidemiological overview of each in individualized reports. Threats covered in this issue include COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), West Nile virus, Influenza, Ebola, and Cholera.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2020-10-02
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Weekly Operational Update on COVID-19 [2 October 2020]
From the Key Figures: "[1] WHO [World Health Organization]-led UN Crisis-Management Team coordinating 23 UN entities across nine areas of work; [2] 17 002 085 respirators shipped to 173 countries across all six WHO regions; [3] 174 763 043 medical masks shipped to 173 countries across all six WHO regions; [4] 7 699 579 face shields shipped to 173 countries across all six WHO regions; [5] 6 600 379 gowns shipped to 173 countries across all six WHO regions; [6] 13 743 900 gloves shipped to 173 countries across all six WHO regions; [7] 1 122 258 goggles shipped to 173 countries across all six WHO regions; [8] More than 4.4 million people registered on OpenWHO and able to access 131 COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] online training courses across 17 topics in 41 languages."
World Health Organization
2020-10-02
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Pandemic Backsliding: Democracy and Disinformation Seven Months into the Covid-19 Pandemic
From the Document: "[1] The V-Dem [Varieties of Democracy] Institute has released an update tracking the effects of Covid-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] related measures on democratic standards in 144 countries since March 2020. [2] The time trend is somewhat encouraging: The situation has improved over the last three months for almost a quarter of the countries that engaged in some violations of democratic standards at the beginning of the pandemic. [3] Nevertheless, in the third quarter of 2020, some or major violations of democratic standards persist in 65 countries, most of which were already autocratic before the pandemic. [4] The Pandemic Backsliding Index identifies the risk that a government is using the pandemic to erode already weak democratic institutions. Nine countries exhibit particularly worrying trends, with the potential for pandemic backsliding. [5] Official government disinformation on Covid-19 has been reported in 25 countries, with four governments denying ongoing outbreaks of Covid-19 altogether."
University of Gothenburg. Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Institute
Kolvani, Palina; Lundstedt, Martin; Maerz, Seraphine F. . . .
2020-10-02
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By the Numbers: Lost Wages Assistance Totals [October 2, 2020]
From the Document: "On August 8, 2020, President Trump made available up to $44 billion from FEMA's Disaster Relief Fund to provide financial assistance to Americans who have lost wages due to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic." This document contains a break down of funds awarded by state.
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2020-10-02
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Combating Wildlife Trafficking: Agencies Work to Address Human Rights Abuse Allegations in Overseas Conservation Programs
From the Document: "Wildlife trafficking--the poaching and illegal trade of wild animals--is a multibillion-dollar, global criminal activity that is both a conservation issue and a security threat, according to the Department of State (State). Estimates place wildlife trafficking among the leading types of illicit trade. According to a 2014 report from the United Nations Environment Programme, different sources have estimated the illegal trade in wildlife to be worth between $7 billion and $23 billion annually. Wildlife trafficking undermines conservation efforts, fuels corruption, and destabilizes communities that depend on wildlife for biodiversity and ecotourism. Wildlife trafficking also is pushing some protected and endangered species to the brink of extinction. In response, the U.S. government has taken steps to combat wildlife trafficking across the globe. From fiscal years 2014 through 2020, the U.S. government provided approximately $554 million to undertake a range of activities to combat wildlife trafficking through federal agencies and in cooperation with partner organizations in the field."
United States. Government Accountability Office
2020-10-02
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MMWR Early Release: Case Series of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adults Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection -- United Kingdom and United States, March-August 2020
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [It] is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. This early release issue of MMWR contains the following article: "MMWR Early Release: Case Series of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adults Associated with SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] Infection -- United Kingdom and United States, March-August 2020." Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables from this issue can be accessed at the following link [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index2020.html].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-10-02
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FEMA Advisory: By the Numbers: Coronavirus Pandemic Whole-Of-America Response (October 2, 2020)
From the Document: "[1] As of Sept. 27, FEMA, HHS [U.S. Department of Health and Human Services] and the private sector coordinated delivery of or are currently shipping: 249 million N95 masks, 1.1 billion surgical and procedural masks, 46.7 million eye and face shields, 432 million gowns and coveralls and over 28.6 billion gloves. [2] As of Aug. 7, FEMA delivered 30,458 medical supplies to nursing homes to 52 states and territories. One hundred percent of scheduled shipments have been made."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2020-10-02
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FEMA Advisory: Coronavirus Pandemic Whole-Of-America Response 'By the Numbers' Update (October 2, 2020)
From the Document: "[This] is the third of three 'By the Numbers' updates, this week, for the Whole-of-America coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic response underway. This 'By the Numbers' update relates to Medical Supplies and Equipment; Testing; Federal Funding; and Additional Federal Support as well as the latest Lost Wages Assistance Totals."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2020-10-02
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Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: DetectaChem Inc, MobileDetect Bio BCC19 Test Kit
From the Document: "This Fact Sheet informs you of the significant known and potential risks and benefits of the emergency use of the MobileDetect Bio BCC19 Test Kit. The MobileDetect Bio BCC19 Test Kit is authorized for use with certain respiratory specimens collected from individuals suspected of COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] by their healthcare provider."
United States. Food and Drug Administration
2020-10-02
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Brief Introduction to the National Flood Insurance Program [Updated October 2, 2020]
From the Document: "The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is the primary source of flood insurance coverage for residential properties in the United States. The NFIP has two main policy goals: (1) to provide access to primary flood insurance, thereby allowing for the transfer of some of the financial risk of property owners to the federal government; and (2) to mitigate and reduce the nation's comprehensive flood risk through the development and implementation of floodplain management standards. A longer-term objective of the NFIP is to reduce federal expenditure on disaster assistance after floods. As a public insurance program, the goals of the NFIP are different from the goals of private-sector insurance companies. It encompasses social goals to provide flood insurance in flood-prone areas to property owners who otherwise would not be able to obtain it and to reduce the government's cost after floods. The NFIP also engages in many 'noninsurance' activities in the public interest: it identifies and maps flood hazards, disseminates flood-risk information through flood maps, requires community land-use and building-code standards, contributes to community resilience by providing a mechanism to fund rebuilding after a flood, and offers grants and incentive programs for household- and community-level investments in flood-risk reduction."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Horn, Diane P.
2020-10-02
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Pandemic Profiteers: Under Trump Michigan Billionaire Wealth Soars, Local Communities Suffer
From the Document: "While communities across Michigan have been ravaged by the health and economic crises created by Trump's botched COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] response, the state's billionaires have actually increased their collective wealth since the start of the pandemic. Since confirming the state's first case on March 10th, over 122,000 Michiganders have been diagnosed with COVID-19 and nearly 7,000 people have died. The State's pre-pandemic unemployment rate was just 2.1%, but as of August 15th it stood at 10.7% and went as high as 24% in April. Michigan's Black communities have been hit the hardest. The results of years of divestment and systemic racism coupled with COVID-19 have been brutal. [...] Meanwhile, five of Michigan's eight billionaires saw their net worth surge by an estimated $43.6 billion, a 360% increase, since the beginning of the pandemic. Two of Michigan's billionaires with some of the largest increases in their wealth are well connected to the Trump Administration. Recent revelations about Trump's decades-long tax avoidance schemes put his economic response to the COVID-19 pandemic and his 2017 tax cuts for the wealthy into perspective: He is aligned with and caters to the interests of the ultrarich, not struggling communities."
Center for Popular Democracy; Detroit Action; Public Accountability Initiative
2020-10
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Reopening in the Shadow of COVID-19: Beginning the First Full Coronavirus School Year
From the Executive Summary: "The onset of the coronavirus pandemic in March 2020 closed every public school in the nation and forced districts to retool their operations to provide remote instruction on an emergency footing. AEI [American Enterprise Institute]'s COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Educational Response Longitudinal Survey (C-ERLS) captured six waves of data throughout the spring to track that transformation. The series of C-ERLS reports has described how the nation's public schools responded, revealed how those responses differed across schools and districts, and provided important context for understanding the potential educational losses during the pandemic. This report focuses on the new school year using the seventh wave of C-ERLS data, gathered from the same sample of school districts, to describe again how public schools have changed operations to reopen this fall during the continuing pandemic. This report discusses two main sets of findings. The first focuses on how school districts across the nation reopened in fall 2020. I examine which of five modes of instruction, ranging from fully in person to fully remote, districts provided on the first day of school. [...] In the second section, I describe each model of instruction in greater detail by examining their operations and instructional approaches."
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Malkus, Nat
2020-10
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Maternity Care Financing: Challenges and Opportunities Highlighted by the COVID-19 Pandemic
From the Document: "Maternal mortality and serious morbidity rates are considerably higher in the United States than in other wealthy nations, and women of color are bearing the brunt of this crisis. Black and indigenous women are two to three times more likely to experience poor maternal and infant outcomes than white women in the United States. Even before the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, structural racism--including in how maternity care is delivered and financed-- has driven maternal health disparities. In this brief, we identify emerging challenges and key priorities for financing maternity care and other services for pregnant and postpartum women in ways that promote health equity."
Urban Institute; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Allen, Eva H.; Benatar, Sarah
2020-10
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Maternal Telehealth Has Expanded Dramatically During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Equity Concerns and Promising Approaches
From the Document: "The maternal mortality crisis in the United States is particularly acute for women of color. Black and indigenous women are two to three times more likely to experience worse maternal health outcomes than white women. Increasingly, structural racism has been recognized as a key driver of maternal health disparities and inequities. This structural racism extends to systems and organizations that provide perinatal care and wraparound health and social services for pregnant and postpartum women with low incomes, many of whom are at highest risk of poor maternal health outcomes. In response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, health systems, including perinatal service and support providers, have been forced to rely on telehealth, or the remote provision of care through telecommunications technology, to reach their clients. This has resulted in remarkable ingenuity, rapid reimbursement changes, and important experiences that can inform the role of telehealth in maternity and postpartum care going forward. At the same time, it has raised critical questions regarding how to ensure equitable access and the provision of high-quality 'virtual' care. Part of a larger 'series' [hyperlink] on the pandemic and maternal health equity, this analysis explores what promising maternal care telehealth practices have emerged during the pandemic, what access and equity concerns surrounding maternal health have arisen in light of increased reliance on telehealth, and what lessons can be applied to a postpandemic future."
Urban Institute
Hill, Ian; Burroughs, Emily
2020-10
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Uneven Recovery Leaves Many Hispanic, Black, and Low-Income Adults Struggling: One in Four Adults Say Their Families Are Worse Off Six Months into the Pandemic
From the Document: "The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act and other legislation provided substantial assistance to households hit hard by the pandemic-induced recession, but much of this assistance was temporary. For the past few months, Congress and the Trump administration have failed to come to an agreement that would provide additional help to families who continue to struggle. Despite some improvement in the labor market since April, recent data reveal slowing job growth and a growing number of workers facing permanent job loss, signaling an immediate need for more federal stimulus. But focusing on aggregate employment statistics alone offers only a partial glimpse into the economic recovery. These data do not directly address how families' economic well-being has changed over the course of the pandemic. In this brief, we assess how adults and their families were faring in September relative to the beginning of March, before the pandemic caused a sharp economic recession. We use data from the second wave of the Urban Institute's Coronavirus Tracking Survey, a nationally representative survey of nonelderly adults conducted September 11-28, 2020, to examine how family employment and financial situations have changed six months into the pandemic and how these changes have differed by race/ethnicity and prepandemic family income. We also explore the financial strategies families are using to cope with job loss and how much support families experiencing job loss are receiving from public and private safety-net programs."
Urban Institute
Karpman, Michael; Zuckerman, Stephen; Kenney, Genevieve M.
2020-10
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Urgent Action Needed to Address Children's Unmet Health Care Needs During the Pandemic
From the Document: "Discussions about unmet health care needs during the pandemic often focus on testing or treatment for COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] itself. But as shortages of testing and hospital capacity have been subsiding, it has become increasingly clear that the pandemic has had dramatic spillover effects on receipt of other health care services. [...] People may delay or forgo care during the pandemic for many reasons. Some reasons are structural; many physicians and clinics closed their offices or restricted in-person visits, particularly in the early months of the crisis (Corallo and Tolbert 2020). But other reasons may include job and associated health insurance losses, transportation and child care challenges, and fears of contracting or transmitting the virus. [...] Because children have generally had both lower infection rates and less severe COVID-19 cases than adults and tend to be healthy overall, their health needs have received less attention during the pandemic. But, growing evidence shows children contracting and transmitting the virus, as well as missing essential preventive care and other diagnostic and therapeutic services unrelated to the coronavirus during the pandemic."
Urban Institute
McMorrow, Stacey; Gonzalez, Dulce; Alvarez Caraveo, Clara . . .
2020-10
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Investigation into the Insurability of Pandemic Risk
From the Executive Summary: "COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] and the draconian shutdown measures adopted by many governments to contain it have plunged the global economy into the deepest recession since the Second World War. For the global insurance industry, too, the pandemic is a severe loss event. Despite this massive strain, initially exacerbated by a steep decline in capital markets, insurers worldwide promptly paid legitimate claims in all areas where pandemic risk was intended to be covered; for example, under life, health and event cancellation policies. In addition, also during the lockdowns, insurers have continued to pay claims and benefits unrelated to the pandemic; for example, in motor, liability and annuities insurance. [...] The extent of correlation and aggregation of pandemic losses for businesses across the globe has put the insurability of pandemic risk in the spotlight. It touches upon the pivotal question of whether pandemics are a type of risk for which the insurance industry can play any kind of role or if this is the type of risk where traditional insurance products are not the solution."
International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics
Schanz, Kai-Uwe; Eling, Martin; Schmeiser, Hato . . .
2020-10
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What Have We Learnt? Overview of Findings from a Survey of Ministries of Education on National Responses to COVID-19
From the Executive Summary: "As part of the coordinated global education response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 20219] pandemic, UNESCO [United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization], UNICEF [United Nations Children's Fund] and the World Bank have conducted a Survey on National Education Responses to COVID-19 School Closures. In this joint report, we analyse the results of the first two rounds of data collection administered by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). They cover government responses to school closures from pre-primary to secondary education. The first round of the survey was completed by Ministry of Education officials of 118 countries between May and June 2020, and the second round from 149 countries between July and October 2020. The survey instrument was designed to capture 'de jure' policy responses and perceptions from government officials on their effectiveness, providing a systematic understanding of deployed policies, practices, and intentions to date."
UNESCO; UNICEF; World Bank
2020-10
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'Reasonable Encouragement to Our Home Industry': The Republican Party's Response to the Coronavirus
From the Key Points: "[1] Conservatives and libertarians have criticized congressional Republicans for responding to the coronavirus pandemic with deficit-financed stimulus. [2] While the deficit is no doubt an issue that deserves more attention, Republican responses--particularly the efforts to prop up the business community--are in keeping with the party's long-established ideology. [3] Since its founding, the Republican Party has had a close connection to American business, and, viewed in this light, its response to the coronavirus is consistent with party orthodoxy."
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Cost, Jay
2020-10
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How Are Youth Employment Programs Adapting to COVID-19?
From the Document: "In this Knowledge Brief, we highlight different ways in which youth employment projects in S4YE's [Solutions for Youth Employment] community of practice, the Impact Portfolio [hyperlink], are adapting their strategies and delivery models in response to COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. Based on recent and ongoing discussions with our partners, we see six main trends that programs are using to maintain operational and programmatic continuity. These include scaling of virtual operations, crowdsourcing ideas from youth, accelerating remote learning, encouraging youth voice, increased support for micro, small and medium enterprises, and leveraging new growth opportunities. Overall, we see a deepening and widening of the ways our partners are using digital technology to be effective and to reach more youth in these challenging times."
World Bank Group; Solutions for Youth Employment
Singh, Sunamika; Joseph, Kavell
2020-10
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China Maritime Report No. 9: Organizing to Fight in the Far Seas, the Chinese Navy in an Era of Military Reform
From the Introduction: "In recent years, the Chinese military has undergone major organizational reform. While primarily intended to improve the ability of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) to conduct joint operations within the first island chain, the reform also has implications for naval operations outside of East Asia. This report argues that in order to execute a 'near seas defense and far seas protection' strategy, the PLA has taken a two-pronged approach to reforming its forces. On the one hand, the PLA has dramatically strengthened control and employment of its forces in the near seas. On the other, the PLA has also made several changes that set the foundations for far seas operations. This tandem approach acts in some ways as a 'sword and shield,' wherein a consolidated defensive position in the near seas allows offensive forces to project out into the far seas. The report comprises four main parts. First, we discuss the challenges that PLA reform and PLA Navy (PLAN) strategy intend to resolve. Second, we highlight key organizational developments within the PLAN that preceded China's military reform. Third, we outline the primary focus of the reform--i.e., strengthening the PLA's ability to conduct joint operations in the near seas--and examine how this goal has impacted the organizational structure of the PLAN. Lastly, we discuss the known facts of command and control of PLAN forces operating in the far seas."
Naval War College (U.S.). China Maritime Studies Institute
Lee, Roderick; Clemens, Morgan
2020-10
