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COVID-19 and Slums: A Pandemic Highlights Gaps in Knowledge About Urban Poverty
From the Abstract: "According to the United Nations, about 1 billion persons live in so-called slums. Numerous studies have shown that this population is particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases. The current COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2], emphatically underlines this problem. The often high-density living quarters coupled with a large number of persons per dwelling and the lack of adequate sanitation are reasons why measures to contain the pandemic only work to a limited extent in slums. Furthermore, assignment to risk groups for severe courses of COVID-19 caused by noncommunicable diseases (eg, cardiovascular diseases) is not possible due to inadequate data availability. Information on people living in slums and their health status is either unavailable or only exists for specific regions (eg, Nairobi). We argue that one of the greatest problems with regard to the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of slums in the Global South is the lack of data on the number of people, their living conditions, and their health status." This article was originally published on the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) Public Health and Surveillance website: [https://publichealth.jmir.org/2020/3/e19578/].
JMIR Publications
Friesen, John; Pelz, Peter F.
2020-09-04
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Guide to Expanding Mitigation: Making the Connection to Electric Power
From the Document: "Electric power is essential for modern society to function. In addition to powering the lights in your home and every piece of technology you use, electricity is necessary for water, transportation, and communications systems. In an emergency, having reliable electric power systems is paramount, as they keep communities connected and sustain essential services. Despite the need for a reliable supply of electricity, the electric power sector is not typically engaged when communities plan for hazards. Disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, and wildfires pose a tremendous risk to power supplies by compromising a community's electric infrastructure. Communities must consider such impacts in their hazard mitigation plan and projects to reinforce and reimagine their electric power systems now, before the next disaster. Regional power authorities, renewable energy advocacy organizations, and industry experts should be engaged during the hazard mitigation planning process to share their insights on energy efficiency, renewable energy, and resilience challenges. This 'Guide to Expanding Mitigation' shows how community officials can work with the public and private actors in the electric power sector to support hazard mitigation, especially in the planning process and project development. This guide can help community officials initiate a conversation about mitigation investments that will make electric power systems more resilient."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
Monitz, Gary; Heide, Jack; Gutierrez, Jennifer . . .
2020-09-04?
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SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) Loan Forgiveness: In Brief [Updated September 3, 2020]
From the Summary: "The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136) created the Small Business Administration (SBA) Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) to provide short-term, low-interest loans that could be forgiven under specified circumstances to certain small business and nonprofits. [...] This In Brief report discusses statutes, regulations, and agency guidance relevant to the PPP loan forgiveness process and determination. A summary of the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act is also provided."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Dilger, Robert Jay, 1954-; Lowry, Sean
2020-09-03
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 20 Issue 36, September 3, 2020
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following articles: "National Registry makes recertification easier during pandemic"; "FAST [First Aid for Severe Trauma] training teaches high schoolers to stop the bleed"; "Operation Warp Speed: when might we see a vaccine?"; "Webinar: Protecting Your Public Safety Network from Hackers"; and "Cyber Threats."
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2020-09-03
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ASPR TRACIE Technical Assistance Request: COVID-19 and Seasonal Flu Vaccination Planning Resources
From the Document: "The requestor asked for information and resources on how healthcare facilities are planning for seasonal influenza vaccination, including the possibility of also providing COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] vaccination during flu season. ASPR TRACIE [Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response Technical Resources, Assistance Center, and Information Exchange] reviewed existing resources on our Novel Coronavirus Resources page. We also reached out to several members of the ASPR TRACIE Subject Matter Expert (SME) Cadre for information on their policies and procedures and conducted an open source search for additional information. Section I includes feedback from the SME Cadre. Section II provides additional resources. Please refer to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Coronavirus Disease 2019 webpage for the most up-to-date clinical guidance on COVID-19 outbreak management."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response; United States. Technical Resources, Assistance Center and Information Exchange
2020-09-03
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Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: Sugentech, Inc., SGTi-flex COVID-19 IgG
From the Document: "This Fact Sheet informs you of the significant known and potential risks and benefits of the emergency use of the SGTi-flex COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] IgG [Immunoglobulin G]."
United States. Food and Drug Administration
2020-09-03
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Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., cobas SARS-CoV-2 & Influenza A/B
From the Document: "This Fact Sheet informs you of the significant known and potential risks and benefits of the emergency use of the cobas SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] & Influenza A/B assay. Testing is to be conducted on specimens from individuals suspected of respiratory viral infection consistent with COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] by their healthcare provider. Symptoms of respiratory viral infection due to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza can be similar."
United States. Food and Drug Administration
2020-09-03
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Guidance for Licensed Pharmacists and Pharmacy Interns Regarding COVID-19 Vaccines and Immunity Under the PREP Act
From the Document: "The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the lead agency for the federal government's response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. A key component of that response will be access to a COVID-19 vaccine across the United States. Pharmacists, in partnership with other healthcare providers, are well-positioned to increase access to vaccinations--particularly in certain areas that have too few pediatricians and other primary-care providers, or that are otherwise medically underserved. [...] Nearly every State permits pharmacists to order and administer vaccines to both adults and children under certain circumstances. Therefore, as an Authority Having Jurisdiction under the Secretary's March 10, 2020 declaration under the Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act (PREP Act), the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health (OASH) issues this guidance. Subject to satisfaction of the requirements listed below, this guidance authorizes State-licensed pharmacists to order and administer, and State-licensed or registered pharmacy interns acting under the supervision of the qualified pharmacist to administer, to persons ages three or older COVID-19 vaccinations that have been authorized or licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)."
United States. Department of Health and Human Services
2020-09-03
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Pandemic Within a Pandemic: How Coronavirus and Systemic Racism Are Harming Infants and Toddlers of Color
From the Overview: "Even before the pandemic, far too many infants, toddlers, and their families faced significant adversity during the early critical years. These challenges stem from centuries of policies that excluded and disregarded people of color, many of which still exist today. The alarming disparities in health outcomes and economic stability, which have been exacerbated by the pandemic, are a direct result of systemic racism in policies--a public health crisis in its own right. [...] This brief unpacks the impacts of systemic racism on children's development and describes how the coronavirus pandemic has magnified pervasive inequities in health, education, employment, and other factors across race and ethnicity. Programs that help families meet their basic needs urgently need immediate shoring up. And policymakers must prioritize families of color who are most harmed by the coronavirus. We make the case for focusing on the needs of families of color with infants and toddlers in coronavirus relief and systemic policy reform efforts to ensure that policies do not continue or add to inequities."
Center for Law and Social Policy
Schmit, Stephanie; Ullrich, Rebecca; Robbins, Katherine Gallagher
2020-09-03
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 3099, Southeast Alaska Regional Health Consortium Land Transfer Act of 2019
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs on July 29, 2020. From the Document: "S. 3099 would authorize the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to convey a parcel of land in Sitka, Alaska, to the Southeast Alaska Regional Health Consortium (SARHC). The conveyance would be made by a warranty deed, which is a type of deed that guarantees a clear title to the new owner of the property."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-09-03
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 3100, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Land Transfer Act of 2019
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs on July 29, 2020. From the Document: "S. 3100 would authorize the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to convey a parcel of land in Anchorage, Alaska, to the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC). The conveyance would be made by a warranty deed, which is a type of deed that guarantees a clear title to the new owner of the property."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-09-03
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: H.R. 7119, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Land Transfer Act of 2020
This is the Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the House Committee on Natural Resources on July 29, 2020. From the Document: "H.R. 7119 would authorize the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to convey a parcel of land in Anchorage, Alaska, to the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC). The conveyance would be made by a warranty deed, which is a type of deed that guarantees a clear title to the new owner of the property."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-09-03
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National Preparedness Month
From the Webpage: "National Preparedness Month (NPM) is recognized each September to promote family and community disaster planning now and throughout the year. As our nation continues to respond to COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019], there is no better time to be involved this September. The 2020 NPM theme is: 'Disasters Don't Wait. Make Your Plan Today'."
Ready Campaign (U.S.)
2020-09-03
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Management Alert - CBP Needs to Award a Medical Services Contract Quickly to Ensure No Gap in Services (Redacted)
From the Summary of Issues: "We are issuing this management alert to advise the Department of Homeland Security and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) of the urgency and short timeframe to award a new medical services contract to support operations on the Southwest border. During our review of 'CBP's Use of FY 2019 Humanitarian Funds and our ongoing audit of CBP's Policies and Procedures for Detained Migrants Experiencing Serious Medical Conditions', we learned that CBP's current contract for medical services will expire on September 29, 2020. As of September 3, 2020, CBP had not issued a solicitation for a new contract. This leaves fewer than 30 days for the necessary funding and contracting reviews and approvals before CBP can make the award. A lapse in this contract could jeopardize the health and safety of migrants in CBP custody, as well as that of U.S. Border Patrol agents, CBP officers, and staff, especially during the current pandemic."
United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General
2020-09-03
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Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate: S. 2891, Tribal Wildlife Corridors Act of 2019
This is the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Cost Estimate as ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs on July 29, 2020. From the Document: "S. 2891 would direct the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to establish a program to designate wildlife corridors on tribal land and to provide related grants to tribes beginning no later than three years after enactment. For this estimate, CBO assumes that the legislation will be enacted early in fiscal year 2021."
United States. Congressional Budget Office
2020-09-03
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AAF Exchange -- Ep. 46: The Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Crisis (Pt.23) [audio]
From the Webpage: "New reports are coming out about the impact of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. AAF [American Action Forum] President Douglas Holtz-Eakin walks us through these results as well as issues concerning school closings and surprise medical bills."
American Action Forum
2020-09-03
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True Cost of Providing Safe Child Care During the Coronavirus Pandemic
From the Document: "As the nation continues to grapple with the challenge of the coronavirus pandemic, child care is among the hardest-hit and least supported industries. Parents have long struggled to find and afford child care that meets their needs; and child care businesses have equally struggled to balance the cost of providing quality, developmentally appropriate care with the limited revenues available to them. Now, the pandemic has exacerbated the existing child care crisis and raised significant new challenges. Many child care programs were forced to close for a period of time, and while many have since reopened, they are operating with decreased enrollment and increased instability due to the ongoing impacts of the pandemic. This new reality poses a dire threat to many child care programs, which were already operating on razor-thin margins and lack the financial reserves to weather the current crisis." This material was published by the Center for American Progress.
Center for American Progress
Workman, Simon; Jessen-Howard, Steven
2020-09-03
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Federal Conservation Corps Programs: Options for Congress in Response to COVID-19 [September 3, 2020]
From the Introduction: "In light of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic's severe impact on the U.S. labor force, some Members of Congress and other stakeholders have expressed interest in job creation and training programs that may provide work relief to unemployed Americans. In particular, some stakeholders have turned their attention to existing and proposed programs modeled, in part, after the Depression-era Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). The CCC was a federal work relief program operating from 1933 to 1943 that put 3 million unemployed young men to work on projects aimed at the 'conservation and development of the natural resources of the United States.' Although the CCC program ended more than 70 years ago, the program has inspired other federal programs, such as the Youth Conservation Corps (YCC) and the Public Lands Corps (PLC). These two programs are the primary federal job corps initiatives whose missions, similar to the CCC, include enhancing and maintaining America's federal and nonfederal lands and waterways. However, both the YCC and the PLC differ from the original CCC model in key ways. For example, whereas the CCC was a sweeping, federally managed and administered job relief program, the YCC and the PLC are comparatively smaller in scale and operate primarily through cooperative agreements between federal agencies and locally based corps organizations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
DeSantis, Mark K.
2020-09-03
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Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA): Pension Programs [September 3, 2020]
From the Overview: "Within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), the Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) administers pension programs for certain low-income veterans, their surviving spouses, and dependent children. This report focuses on VA's two main VBA pension programs: (1) the Veterans Pension (also known as the Improved Disability Pension), which makes payments to certain disabled, low-income veterans, and (2) the Survivors Pension (also known as the Improved Death Pension), which makes payments to certain low-income surviving spouses and dependent children of deceased veterans. To qualify for either program, a veteran must have become eligible for payments on or after January 1, 1979, served during wartime, discharged under 'other than dishonorable' conditions, and meet net worth limits. The Veterans and Survivors Pension Improvement Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-588) created both pension programs. The third VBA-administered pension program discussed in this report is for Medal of Honor recipients. To receive this benefit, a veteran must have been awarded the Medal of Honor from a U.S. President. It is not an income or needs-based program."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Salazar, Heather M.
2020-09-03
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Latin America and the Caribbean: U.S. Policy and Issues in the 116th Congress [Updated September 3, 2020]
From the Summary: "The United States maintains strong linkages with neighboring Latin America and the Caribbean based on geographic proximity and diverse U.S. interests, including economic, political, and security concerns. The United States is a major trading partner and source of foreign investment for many countries in the region, with free-trade agreements enhancing economic linkages with 11 countries. The region is a large source of U.S. immigration, both legal and illegal; proximity and economic and security conditions are major factors driving migration. Curbing the flow of illicit drugs has been a key component of U.S. relations with the region for more than four decades and currently involves close security cooperation with Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. U.S. support for democracy and human rights in the region has been long-standing, with current focus on Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela. Overall, although the region has made significant advances over the past four decades in terms of both political and economic development, notable challenges remain and some countries have experienced major setbacks, most prominently Venezuela. [...] Under the Trump Administration, U.S. relations with Latin America and the Caribbean have generally moved toward a more confrontational approach from one of engagement and partnership during past Administrations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sullivan, Mark P.; Beittel, June S.; Meyer, Peter J. . . .
2020-09-03
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Latin America and the Caribbean: Impact of COVID-19 [Updated September 3, 2020]
From the Document: "The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having widespread economic, social, and political effects on Latin America and the Caribbean, a region with strong congressional interest because of deep U.S. linkages. As of September 2, 2020, the region had almost 6.1 million confirmed cases(almost 28% of cases worldwide) and almost 280,000 deaths(almost 33% of deaths worldwide), with the virus continuing to spread at high levels in several countries. Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Colombia, and Chile have the highest numbers of deaths in the region, and Brazil has the highest death toll worldwide after the United States.The rankings change in terms of per capita deaths--Peru has the highest recorded deaths per capita in the region, followed by Chile, Brazil, Mexico, and Panama."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Taft-Morales, Maureen; Seelke, Clare Ribando; Meyer, Peter J. . . .
2020-09-03
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Electoral College: A 2020 Presidential Election Timeline [September 3, 2020]
From the Introduction: "During the course of a presidential election year, the election process for the President and Vice President goes forward within a familiar timeline of events. At the same time these events are taking place, a related series of procedures that governs the actions of the electoral college progresses on a parallel track. This report focuses on the electoral college timeline for the 2020 presidential election."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Neale, Thomas H.
2020-09-03
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PRWORA's Restrictions on Noncitizen Eligibility for Federal Public Benefits: Legal Issues [September 3, 2020]
From the Summary: "Title IV of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) restricts the eligibility of non-U.S. nationals (aliens) for many federal benefit programs. It applies to federal health care, housing, welfare, unemployment, and retirement benefits, as well as many other types of federal benefits."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Harrington, Ben
2020-09-03
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Protecting Against Rogue Drones [Updated September 3, 2020]
From the Document: "As of September 2020, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) had registered about 1.7 million unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), often referred to as drones. More than 70% are operated by recreational users. FAA estimates that by 2024, about 2.3 million UAS, including 1.5 million recreational drones and model aircraft and about 800,000 commercial UAS,will be registered to fly in U.S. airspace. As the UAS market expands, there may be an increasing risk that rogue drones that either fail to obey safety rules or are operated for nefarious purposes could threaten manned aircraft operations, airports, critical infrastructure facilities, and high-profile events. These concerns have prompted Congress to examine options for detecting and interdicting drones."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Elias, Bartholomew
2020-09-03
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September 11 Chronology [website]
From the Webpage Description: "DHS and its many partners across the federal government, public and private sectors, and communities across the country and around the world have worked since 9/11 to build a new homeland security enterprise. Below we've laid out some of the concrete measures that have been put in place since 9/11."
United States. Department of Homeland Security
2020-09-03
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'CARES Act Flash Report': Bureau of Indian Affairs Funding Snapshot
From the Document: "Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) enacted on March 27, 2020, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) received $453 million of the $909.7 million appropriated and transferred to the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) to prevent, prepare for, and respond to the coronavirus pandemic. In addition, the CARES Act allotted funds to American Indian tribes and Alaska Native organizations from the U.S. Departments of the Treasury, Agriculture (USDA), and Health and Human Services (HHS). The BIA will have varying roles and responsibilities for the funding from Treasury, the USDA, and the HHS."
United States. Department of the Interior. Office of Inspector General
2020-09-03
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Impact of Pandemic-Related Forbearance and Foreclosure Relief for Single-Family Mortgages on the Enterprises' Implementation of CECL
From the Executive Summary: "Congress passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act), which was signed into law on March 27, 2020, to address some of the economic effects of the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic. The CARES Act provides single-family homeowners with Enterprise mortgages who are experiencing financial hardship due to the COVID-19 pandemic the right to forbearance from making mortgage payments for up to 180 days (which can be extended for another 180 days). The CARES Act also prohibited servicers of those mortgages from initiating the foreclosure process, moving for a foreclosure judgment, or executing a foreclosure sale for at least 60 days beginning on March 18, 2020, unless the property was vacant or abandoned. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA or Agency) subsequently extended the foreclosure moratorium for Enterprise-backed single-family mortgages until at least December 31, 2020. [...] This white paper discusses the impact of forbearance and foreclosure relief for single-family mortgages on the Enterprises' implementation of CECL [Current Expected Credit Loss] during the first and second quarters of 2020."
United States. Federal Housing Finance Agency. Office of Inspector General
2020-09-03
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Alert Memorandum: Concerns Regarding PBS's Communication and Cleaning Procedures for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Exposures
From the Document: "The purpose of this alert memorandum is to notify you of risks we identified during our ongoing 'Audit of PBS's [Public Buildings Service] Coronavirus Disease 2019 [COVID-19] Communication and Cleaning Procedures' that may lead to increased exposure to and transmission of COVID-19. During the survey phase of our audit, we found that PBS did not always receive timely notice of COVID-19 incidents from building occupants and did not always provide timely notification of confirmed COVID-19 cases. In addition, because PBS does not have a standard inspection process for COVID-19 cleaning and disinfection services, it does not have assurance that contractors are cleaning and disinfecting space in accordance with PBS and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidance. Accordingly, PBS should take immediate action to address these matters."
United States. General Services Administration. Office of Inspector General
2020-09-03
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Special Report: Controls Implemented by the Defense Health Agency to Control Costs for TRICARE Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic Related Services (Redacted)
From the Objective: "The objective of this audit was to determine the controls that the Defense Health Agency (DHA) implemented to control costs for health care claims related to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic."
United States. Department of Defense. Office of the Inspector General
2020-09-03
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Federal Research and Development (R&D) Funding: FY2021 [Updated September 2, 2020]
From the Introduction: "The 116th Congress continues its interest in U.S. research and development (R&D) and in evaluating support for federal R&D activities. The federal government has played an important role in supporting R&D efforts that have led to scientific breakthroughs and new technologies, from jet aircraft and the internet to communications satellites, shale gas extraction, and defenses against disease. [...] This report begins with a discussion of the overall level of R&D in President Trump's FY2021 budget request, followed by analyses of R&D funding in the request from a variety of perspectives and for selected multiagency R&D initiatives. The remainder of the report discusses and analyzes the R&D budget requests of selected federal departments and agencies that, collectively, account for approximately 98% of total federal R&D funding."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sargent, John F.; Croft, Genevieve K.; Esworthy, Robert . . .
2020-09-02
