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Review Process for Vaccines to Prevent COVID-19: A Discussion [video]
From the Video Description: "Join the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP) as we host a discussion regarding the review process for vaccines to prevent COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]. CIDRAP director Michael Osterholm will moderate a discussion with U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Commissioner Stephen Hahn, and former FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg." The duration of this video is 1 hour, 2 minutes, and 5 seconds.
University of Minnesota. Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy
2020-10-08
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Répondre à la COVID-19 en Afrique : utiliser les données pour trouver un équilibre (Deuxième Partie)
"Ce rapport a été établi par le Partnership for Evidence-Based Response to COVID-19 (PERC), un partenariat public-privé qui soutient les mesures fondées sur des données probantes pour réduire l'impact de la COVID-19 [maladie du coronavirus 2019] sur les États membres de l'UA. Son objectif, et celui du PERC de manière plus générale, est d'aider les gouvernements à déterminer l'acceptabilité, l'impact et l'efficacité des mesures sociales et de santé publiques (MSSP) liées à la COVID-19, notamment leurs effets indirects sur la santé, la sécurité alimentaire et l'économie. Le rapport s'appuie sur les résultats d'une enquête téléphonique réalisée entre le 4 et le 17 août 2020 auprès de plus de 24 000 adultes dans 18 États membres de l'UA ainsi que sur des données sociales, économiques, épidémiologiques, sur des données liées aux déplacements de la population et à la sécurité. Les briefings de chacun des 18 États membres sont disponibles sur : [https://preventepidemics.org/covid19/perc/]. Ce document est le deuxième rapport régional de la série « Répondre à la COVID-19 en Afrique : utiliser les données pour trouver un équilibre » [https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=862708] du PERC. Le premier rapport régional, publié en mai 2020, regroupait également des données multisectorielles, dont les résultats d'une enquête menée dans 28 villes de 20 États membres de l'UA."
Partnership for Evidence-Based Response to COVID-19 (PERC)
2020-10-08?
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CARES Act Payroll Support to Air Carriers and Contractors [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136), signed into law on March 27, 2020, provided assistance to consumers and businesses, including aid to air carriers and eligible contractors. Emergency funds also were provided to eligible airports. Assistance to air carriers in Division A, Title IV of the CARES Act included loans and loan guarantees, funds to support the pay and benefits of air carrier workers, and a suspension of aviation excise taxes on air transport of people, cargo, and aviation fuel through calendar year 2020. This Insight focuses on the payroll support program (PSP). Section 4112 of the CARES Act provided $32 billion in payroll support to aviation workers. From this amount, the Secretary of the Treasury was authorized to provide up to [1] $25 billion for passenger air carriers (any air carrier that, during the period from April 1, 2019, to September 30, 2020, derived more than 50% of its air transportation revenue from the transportation of passengers); [2] $4 billion for cargo air carriers (any air carrier that, during the period from April 1, 2019, to September 30, 2020, derived more than 50% of its air transportation revenue from the transportation of property or mail, or both); and [3] $3 billion for contractors who provide ground services directly to air carriers, such as catering services or on-airport functions."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Tang, Rachel Y.
2020-10-08
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EMR-ISAC: InfoGram, Volume 20 Issue 41, October 8, 2020
The Emergency Management and Response Information Sharing and Analysis Center's (EMR-ISAC) InfoGram is a weekly publication of information concerning the protection of critical infrastructures relevant to members of the Emergency Services Sector. This issue includes the following sections: "Space heaters and 'space bubbles' are latest COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] concern"; "FEMA produces topical Resource Roadmaps to cover COVID-19 issues"; "CMAT [Community Mitigation Assistance Team] program offers community wildfire mitigation assistance"; "UHS [Universal Health Services] hospitals hit by reported country-wide Ryuk ransomware attack"; "CISA [Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency] releases joint ransomware guide"; and "Comcast TV remote hack opens homes to snooping."
Emergency Management and Response-Information Sharing and Analysis Center (U.S.)
2020-10-08
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FEMA Advisory: Hurricane Delta (October 8, 2020)
From the Document: "In preparation for TC [Tropical Cyclone] Delta, personnel and resources are staged across, or en-route to, potentially impacted areas in the path of the storm. Forecast: Tropical Cyclone Delta is a category 2 hurricane approximately 450 miles south of Louisiana. Hurricane Delta is moving at approximately a 305 degree heading (WNW) at 15 mph with sustained winds of 100 mph. Delta will move over the central and southern Gulf Thursday and strengthen as it approaches the northern Gulf Coast Friday. Landfall is expected late Friday bringing life-threatening storm surge and hurricane force winds along the LA coast. Flash, urban, and stream flooding is likely from the central Gulf into the lower to middle Mississippi Valley."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2020-10-08
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CDC's Interim Guidance for General Population Disaster Shelters During the COVID-19 Pandemic [Updated Oct. 8, 2020]
From the Purpose: "This document provides interim guidance to reduce the risk of introducing and transmitting COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] in general population disaster shelters before, during, or after a disaster."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-10-08
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Interim Guidelines for Collecting, Handling, and Testing Clinical Specimens for COVID-19 [Updated Oct. 8, 2020]
From the Summary of Recent Changes: "Revisions were made on October 8, 2020 to reflect the following: [1] Clarification on language for the collection of specimens and to include the addition of saliva language."
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
2020-10-08
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Army's Project Convergence [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "Project Convergence is what the Army calls a 'campaign of learning,' designed to further integrate the Army into the Joint Force. It is how the Army plans to be a part of Joint All Domain Command and Control (JADC2), the Department of Defense's (DOD's) plan to connect sensors from all the military services--Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Space Force--as well as Special Operations Forces (SOF), into a single network which, theoretically, could be more effective and less costly. Reportedly, on September 29, 2020, the Army and Air Force signed a two-year agreement to collaborate on developing combined JADC2, affecting future joint force training, exercises, and demonstrations. Designed around five core elements--soldiers, weapons systems, command and control, information, and terrain-- Army Futures Command (AFC) plans to run Project Convergence on an annual cycle; achieving objectives from frequent experiments with technology, equipment, and soldier feedback throughout the year and culminating in an annual exercise or demonstration. In basic terms, the Army reportedly wants to 'take the service's big ideas for future warfare and test them in the real world. The Army wants to figure out what works and what needs fixing--and figure that out as early on as possible, when it's much cheaper to make changes.'"
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2020-10-08
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U.S. Nuclear Weapons Tests [October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "Press reports in May 2020 indicated that officials in the Trump Administration had discussed whether to conduct an explosive test of a U.S. nuclear weapon. The United States has observed a voluntary moratorium on nuclear explosive testing since 1992, although it has maintained the ability to resume these tests at the Nevada Nuclear Security Site (NNSS). Since 1993, it has used a program known as Science-Based Stockpile Stewardship to maintain confidence in the safety, security, and effectiveness of its nuclear arsenal."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Nikitin, Mary Beth Dunham; Woolf, Amy F.
2020-10-08
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Overview of Department of Defense Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Summary: "Communication using the electromagnetic spectrum ('the spectrum') enables a number of modern military capabilities. The Department of Defense (DOD) uses electromagnetic radiation to enable military communications, navigation, radar, nonintrusive inspection of aircraft, and other equipment. DOD also heavily relies on electromagnetic radiation for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) applications such as missile early warning and signals intelligence. Individual branches of the military (e.g., the Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Space Force) currently are allotted significant ranges of frequency bands to enable various equipment and applications that support military operations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sayler, Kelley M.; Hoehn, John R.; Gallagher, Jill C.
2020-10-08
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Robinhood, the Fintech Discount Broker: Recent Developments and Concerns [October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "Founded in 2013, Robinhood is an online and phone-app based discount broker-dealer for retail customers with an interest in trading stocks, stock options, exchange traded funds (ETFs), and cryptocurrencies. It is part of a new breed of 'fintech' firms--innovative, technology-focused firms offering financial products. The firm is seen by some as 'democratizing' access to retail securities trading; has been accompanied by industry consolidation; and has raised various public policy and congressional concerns. The firm recently burst into the public eye for three major reasons: (1) it pioneered the now-widespread industry practice of charging zero trading fees or commissions for certain trades when the most inexpensive online brokers were charging $5 to $8 per trade; (2) in March 2020, its trading services shut down for more than a trading day in a period of market turmoil; and (3) in June 2020, a 20-year-old college student, Alex Kearns, committed suicide after his Robinhood app indicated that he had a negative balance of $750,000 for sophisticated stock options trades, an amount that now appears to have been grossly overstated."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Shorter, Gary W.
2020-10-08
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New U.S. Marine Corps Force Design Initiatives [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Background: "On March 23, 2020, the U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) announced a major force design initiative planned to occur over the next 10 years. The Marine Corps aims to redesign the force for naval expeditionary warfare and to better align itself with the National Defense Strategy, in particular, its focus on strategically competing with China and Russia. The Marines intend to eliminate or reduce certain types of units and eliminate some military occupational specialties (MOS). The Marines also plan to reorganize higher echelon Marine formations and get smaller--reducing forces by 12,000 personnel by 2030. Congress in its regulatory, oversight, and authorization and appropriations roles could take interest in this major proposed force design initiative."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Feickert, Andrew
2020-10-08
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Selecting a New WTO Director-General: Implications for the Global Trading System [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "The United States and members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) are selecting new leadership for the WTO Secretariat, following Director-General (DG) Roberto Azevêdo's unexpected resignation in August 2020, a year before his term's end. Eight candidates were in the running, and WTO members narrowed the field to five in September after the first round of consultations. On October 8, Nigeria's Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala and South Korea's Yoo Myung-hee advanced after the second round as the top candidates with the 'broadest and deepest support from the membership,' paving the way for the first woman to serve as WTO DG. The process requires all 164 WTO members to agree by consensus on the new DG appointment. WTO members and observers view the outcome of the DG race and fresh leadership as important to inject new momentum into the institution, amid efforts to salvage its relevance and chart a path forward. In the current race, analysts have variously called for an 'honest broker' and dealmaker, politician over technocrat, or a 'peacekeeper.' WTO leadership may be particularly critical at this juncture, given members' divergent views over needed reforms and new rules, a nonfunctioning dispute settlement system, and a recent spike in unilateral trade actions, which threaten the organization's legitimacy. The intensive selection process, usually lasting nine months, has been expedited to conclude possibly by early November following the U.S. presidential election."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.
2020-10-08
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President Reagan's Six Assurances to Taiwan [October 8, 2020]
From the Introduction: "In July 1982, as his government negotiated with the People's Republic of China (PRC) over a joint communiqué on Taiwan arms sales, President Ronald Reagan offered Taiwan assurances about what the United States had not agreed to in those negotiations. These statements have come to be known as the Six Assurances. [...] A senior Reagan Administration official wove language from the assurances through his testimony before Congress on August 17, 1982, the day of the communiqué's release, but successive administrations kept the precise text of the assurances classified, creating lingering uncertainties about their content. With its declassification of an internal 1982 presidential memorandum (in 2019) and two 1982 State Department cables (in 2020), the Trump Administration has made public definitive language for the Six Assurances, as well as new information about the context in which they were offered."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Lawrence, Susan V.
2020-10-08
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Private Flood Insurance and the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "By law or regulation, federal agencies, federally regulated lending institutions, and government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) must require certain property owners to purchase flood insurance as a condition of any mortgage that these entities make, guarantee, or purchase. Property owners are required to purchase flood insurance if their property is identified as being in a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA, which is equivalent to having a '1% or greater' risk of flooding every year) and is in a community that participates in the NFIP [National Flood Insurance Program]. Historically, this generally has meant such property owners were required to purchase a Standard Flood Insurance Policy (SFIP) from the NFIP. In BW-12 [Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012], Congress explicitly provided for private flood insurance to fulfill this mortgage requirement instead of the SFIP, 'if' the private flood insurance met the conditions defined further in statute at 42 U.S.C. §4012a(b)(7)."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Webel, Baird; Horn, Diane P.
2020-10-08
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Defense Primer: Military Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "Since the introduction of the two-way radio in the early 1900s, militaries have been interested in the electromagnetic spectrum ('the spectrum'). The proliferation of spectrum-dependent systems in all military domains--air, land, sea, space, and cyberspace--along with Department of Defense (DOD) concepts, such as net-centric warfare and multidomain battle, increases the military's dependence on the spectrum. [...] The electromagnetic spectrum is a series of frequencies ranging from radio waves to microwaves, visible light, X-rays, and gamma rays. As the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation shortens, the waves have a higher frequency--how quickly electromagnetic waves follow each other--and therefore more energy."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hoehn, John R.
2020-10-08
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National Security Implications of Fifth Generation (5G) Mobile Technologies [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "The fifth generation (5G) of mobile technologies will increase the speed of data transfer and improve bandwidth over existing fourth generation (4G) technologies, in turn enabling new military and commercial applications. 5G technologies are expected to support interconnected or autonomous devices, such as smart homes, self-driving vehicles, precision agriculture systems, industrial machinery, and advanced robotics. 5G for the military could additionally improve intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) systems and processing; enable new methods of command and control (C2); and streamline logistics systems for increased efficiency, among other uses. As 5G technologies are developed and deployed, Congress may consider policies for spectrum management and national security, as well as implications for U.S. military operations."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Hoehn, John R.; Sayler, Kelley M.
2020-10-08
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DOD Concerns About the FCC-Approved Ligado Network [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Document: "On April 20, 2020, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) unanimously approved an application by Ligado Networks LLC (Ligado) to 'deploy a low-power [9.8 decibel watts (dBW)] terrestrial nationwide network in the 1526-1536 MHz, 1627.5-1637.5 MHz, and 1646.5-1656.5 MHz bands [of the electromagnetic spectrum] that will primarily support Internet of Things (IoT) services.' These frequency bands are traditionally used for satellite operations. The Department of Defense (DOD) opposed this decision--along with the Department of Homeland Security, Department of Transportation (DOT), Department of Interior, Department of Justice, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and others. That opposition related to concerns that Ligado's proposed network could interfere with signals from satellites to Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. Congress may consider federal agency concerns, including DOD concerns related to mission-critical systems and the FCC's response, as it conducts oversight of the FCC's ruling. Congress may also consider broader issues related to fifth generation (5G) mobile technologies, such as the allocation of spectrum among competing users and the impact of spectrum decisions on national security."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sayler, Kelley M.; Hoehn, John R.
2020-10-08
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COVID-19: China Medical Supply Chains and Broader Trade Issues [Updated October 8, 2020]
From the Summary: "The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), first in China, and then globally, including in the United States, is drawing attention to the ways in which the U.S. economy depends on manufacturing and supply chains based in China. This report aims to assess current developments and identify immediate and longer range China trade issues for Congress. An area of particular concern to Congress is U.S. shortages in medical supplies-- including personal protective equipment (PPE) and pharmaceuticals--as the United States steps up efforts to contain COVID-19 with limited domestic stockpiles and insufficient U.S. industrial capacity. Because of China's role as a global supplier of PPE, medical devices, antibiotics, and active pharmaceutical ingredients, reduced exports from China have led to shortages of critical medical supplies in the United States. Exacerbating the situation, in early February 2020, the Chinese government nationalized control of the production and distribution of medical supplies in China--directing all production for domestic use--and directed the bureaucracy and Chinese industry to secure supplies from the global market. Once past the initial peak of its COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese government appears to have prioritized certain countries and selectively released some medical supplies for overseas delivery."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Sutter, Karen M.; Schwarzenberg, Andres B.; Sutherland, Michael D.
2020-10-08
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Federal Election Results: Frequently Asked Questions [October 8, 2020]
From the Summary: "Several states have implemented new election administration processes in response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic that could affect how and when ballots are counted. Even under normal circumstances, finalizing federal election results takes days or weeks after election day. Among other steps, state, territorial, and local election officials 'canvass' votes to ensure that ballots are valid and counted accurately. Election observers, audits, and other processes are designed to enhance transparency. This report addresses frequently asked questions on these and related subjects. The discussion emphasizes the period between the time a voter casts a ballot and when election officials 'certify', or finalize, the results."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
Eckman, Sarah J.; Garrett, R. Sam, 1977-; Shanton, Karen L.
2020-10-08
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Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: Genalyte, Inc., Maverick SARS-CoV-2 Multi-Antigen Serology Panel v2
From the Document: "This Fact Sheet informs you of the significant known and potential risks and benefits of the emergency use of the Maverick SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] Multi-Antigen Serology Panel v2. [...] This test detects human SARS-CoV-2 antibodies that are generated as part of the human adaptive immune response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] virus and is to be performed on only human dipotassium EDTA [ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid] venous whole blood, dipotassium EDTA plasma and serum specimens."
United States. Food and Drug Administration
2020-10-08
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Cyberattacks, Foreign Interference, and Digital Infrastructure: Conducting Secure Elections Amid a Pandemic
From the Introduction: "The coronavirus pandemic has introduced an additional layer of complexity into the already challenging task of conducting secure, democratic elections. Prior to the pandemic, many democracies were working to secure their elections from foreign adversaries, often with limited budgets. These challenges have only 'grown more acute' [hyperlink] because of the pandemic. Since the coronavirus arrived, much attention has, correctly, been focused on how to administer elections in a manner that reduces the likelihood of voters and pollworkers contracting the virus. However, after reviewing many elections held in Europe and the United States (hereafter referred to as the transatlantic region), including several during the pandemic, we believe that more can and should be done to secure human, physical, and cyber election assets. Both the pandemic and foreign interference threats show no signs of abating; meanwhile the pandemic creates further windows of opportunity for authoritarian regimes to interfere in elections. This paper is not directed at any one specific country or election. Instead, it seeks to help democratic actors, particularly those in the transatlantic region, conduct more secure elections during these unprecedented times."
German Marshall Fund of the United States. Alliance for Securing Democracy; International Foundation for Electoral Systems
Levine, David A.; Martin-Rozumilowicz, Beata
2020-10-08
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Virtual Launch of the Capitol Hill Steering Committee on Pandemic Preparedness & Health Security [video]
From the Video Description: "The United States' continuing response to the COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] pandemic has highlighted gaps in the nation's health security capabilities. As the US continues to respond to this herculean challenge, the new Capitol Hill Steering Committee on Pandemic Preparedness & Health Security will provide an educational forum to discuss new topics, technologies, and ideas that could improve domestic health security now and in the future. The launch event, hosted by the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, featured a discussion with the Honorary Senate Co-chairs and the Steering Committee's Honorary Founding Members, leaders who have spent decades improving US health security." The duration of this webinar is 1 hour and 37 seconds.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Center for Health Security
2020-10-07
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COVIDcast: Joseph E. Stiglitz on Global Cooperation in a Time of International Mistrust [audio]
From the Audio Description: "In this episode of COVIDcast, Lowy Institute Research Fellow Alexandre Dayant sat down with Professor Joseph E. Stiglitz to discuss the prospect of global cooperation in a time of rising populism and international mistrust. Joseph E. Stiglitz, a Nobel laureate in economics and University Professor at Columbia University, is Chief Economist at the Roosevelt Institute and a former senior vice president and chief economist of the World Bank." The duration of the audio is 26 minutes and 28 seconds.
Lowy Institute for International Policy
Stiglitz, Joseph E.
2020-10-07
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Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress [October 7, 2020]
From the Summary: "In December 2016, the Navy released a force-structure goal that calls for achieving and maintaining a fleet of 355 ships of certain types and numbers. The Trump Administration has identified the achievement of a Navy of 355 or more ships within 10 years as a high priority. The 355-ship goal was made U.S. policy by Section 1025 of the FY2018 National Defense Authorization Act (H.R. 2810/P.L. 115-91 of December 12, 2017). The Navy's 355-ship force-level goal is the result of a Force Structure Assessment (FSA) conducted by the Navy in 2016. The Navy and DOD since 2019 have been working to develop a new force-level goal to replace the current 355-ship force-level goal. The conclusion of this work and the release of its results to Congress have been delayed repeatedly since late 2019. Remarks from Navy and DOD officials since 2019 indicate that the Navy's next force-level goal will introduce at least some elements of a once-in-a-generation change in fleet architecture."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2020-10-07
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Navy Columbia (SSBN-826) Class Ballistic Missile Submarine Program: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated October 7, 2020]
From the Summary: "The Columbia (SSBN-826) class program is a program to design and build a class of 12 new ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) to replace the Navy's current force of 14 aging Ohio-class SSBNs. The Navy has identified the Columbia-class program as the Navy's top priority program. The Navy wants to procure the first Columbia-class boat in FY2021. Research and development work on the program has been underway for several years, and advance procurement (AP) funding for the first boat began in FY2017. The Navy's proposed FY2021 budget requests $2,891.5 million (i.e., about $2.9 billion) in procurement funding, $1,123.2 million (i.e., about $1.1 billion) in advance procurement (AP) funding, and $397.3 million in research and development funding for the program."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2020-10-07
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Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated October 7, 2020]
From the Summary: "The aircraft carriers CVN-78, CVN-79, CVN-80, and CVN-81 are the first four ships in the Navy's new 'Gerald R. Ford' (CVN-78) class of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers (CVNs). The Navy's proposed FY2021 budget requests $2,714.1 million (i.e., about $2.7 billion) in procurement funding for CVN-78 class ships, including $71.0 million for CVN-78, $997.5 million for CVN-80, and $1,645.6 million for CVN-81. CVN-78 ('Gerald R. Ford') was procured in FY2008. The Navy's proposed FY2021 budget estimates the ship's procurement cost at $13,316.5 million (i.e., about $13.3 billion) in then-year dollars. The ship was commissioned into service on July 22, 2017. The Navy is currently working to complete construction, testing, and certification of the ship's 11 weapons elevators and to correct other technical problems aboard the ship."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2020-10-07
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Navy Large Unmanned Surface and Undersea Vehicles: Background and Issues for Congress [Updated October 7, 2020]
From the Summary: "The Navy in FY2021 and beyond wants to develop and procure three types of large unmanned vehicles (UVs). These large UVs are called Large Unmanned Surface Vehicles (LUSVs), Medium Unmanned Surface Vehicles (MUSVs), and Extra-Large Unmanned Undersea Vehicles (XLUUVs). The Navy is requesting $579.9 million in FY2021 research and development funding for these large UVs and their enabling technologies. The Navy wants to acquire these large UVs as part of an effort to shift the Navy to a more distributed fleet architecture. Compared to the current fleet architecture, this more distributed architecture is to include proportionately fewer large surface combatants (i.e., cruisers and destroyers), proportionately more small surface combatants (i.e., frigates and Littoral Combat Ships), and the addition of significant numbers of large UVs."
Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service
O'Rourke, Ronald
2020-10-07
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Covid Economics Vetted and Real-Time Papers: Issue 51, 7 October 2020
This October 7, 2020 edition of 'Covid Economics Vetted and Real-Time Papers' contains the following articles: "Racial disparities in frontline workers and housing crowding during COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019]: Evidence from geolocation data" by Milena Almagro, Joshua Coven, Arpit Gupta and Angelo Orane-Hutchinson; "A farewell to R [time-dependent reproduction number]: Time series models for tracking and forecasting epidemics" by Andrew Harvey and Paul Kattuman; "Crowding out bank loans: Liquidity-driven bond issuance" by Olivier Darmouni and Kerry Y. Siani; "Job loss and behavioral change: The unprecedented effects of the India lockdown in Delhi" by Kenneth Lee, Harshil Sahai, Patrick Baylis and Michael Greenstone; and "Coping during COVID-19: Family businesses and social assistance in Nigeria" by Elvis Korku Avenyo and Gideon Ndubuisi.
Centre for Economic Policy Research
2020-10-07
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Disaster Relief Fund: Monthly Report as of September 30, 2020 (Final Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2020)
From the Background: "P.L. [Public Law] 116-93 requires that the FEMA Administrator provide a report by the fifth business day of each month on the Disaster Relief Fund (DRF) that includes a funding summary, a table delineating DRF funding activities each month by state and event, a summary of the funding for the catastrophic events, and the fund exhaustion date, or end-of-fiscal-year balance. P.L. 116-136 requires that both projected and actual costs for funds provided by it for major disasters and any other expenses be provided to the House and Senate Appropriations Committees. Consequently, the following report elements are included: 1. Appendix A is an appropriations summary that includes a synopsis of the amount of appropriations made available by source, the transfers executed, the previously allocated funds recovered, and the commitments, allocations, and obligations. 2. Appendix B presents details on the DRF funding activities delineated by month. 3. Appendix C presents obligations and estimates by spending category for Hurricanes Sandy, Harvey, Irma, and Maria; Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); and declarations since August 1, 2017. 4. Appendix D presents funding summaries for the current active catastrophic events including the allocations, obligations, and expenditures. 5. Appendix E presents the fund exhaustion date, or end-of-fiscal-year balance. 6. Appendix F presents a bridge table that provides explanation for the monthly and baseline change for all activities to include details for catastrophic events."
United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency
2020-10-07
